According to their meanings, structure and ways of connection with the head-word

objects are subdivided into:

The Direct Object denotes a person or a thing affected by the action of a
transitive verb. This kind of object is non-prepositional and follows the predicate
immediately. If a transitive verb takes only one object expressed by a noun or
pronoun without a preposition, it is always a direct one: ? She bought a
dictionary yesterday.
The Indirect Object is a non-prepositional object, denoting the addressee of the
action. This kind of object is placed between the predicate verb and direct
object. It is used with transitive verbs which take two non-prepositional objects,
such as to give, to teach, to ask, to send, to pay. The indirect object is most
usually expressed by the personal pronoun in the objective case or the proper name
in the common case:
verb+inderect obj+direct obj i gave her a present
As a rule, the indirect object comes before the direct object. However, when the
direct object precedes the indirect object the latter is used with the preposition
to and sometimes for:
verb+ direct+to/for+inderect give it to her
We use this structure, for example when we want to give special emphasis to the
indirect object:
I�ll give it to Mary, not Peter.
Some common verbs used in this structure with to: bring, give, lend, teach,owe,
pass,pay, sell, etc.
They�re going to offer the job to Sue. He showed the letter to a friend.
They�re going to offer the job to Sue. He showed the letter to a friend.
Some common verbs used in this structure with for: bring, buy,keep,
choose,order,save,make, etc.
She bought some books for her brother.
I�ll cook a meal for you.
Note 2: After such verbs as to announce, to ascribe, to attribute, to communicate,
to dedicate, to dictate, to disclose, to explain, to interpret, to introduce, to
point out, to relate, to repeat, to submit, to suggest the indirect object is
used with the preposition to even when it comes before the direct object: The
professor explained to us some difficult rules in French.
The Prepositional Object expresses various kinds of semantic relations: The
instrument of an action, the doer of an action (in passive constructions), sources
of certain states, the material of which the thing is made and a lot of other
relations. It is governed by intransitive verbs, as well as statives or
adjectives: He was afraid of dogs. I am uneasy about it. ? He came to us with his
friend.
The Complex Object is expressed by the participial, infinitive or gerundial
constructions, consisting of two essential parts: the noun or pronoun and a non-
finite verb (an infinitive, gerund or participle): I want you to come. ? I insist
on your coming. ? I saw him coming here. Complex objects are rendered in Russian
in the form of a clause (����������� �����������): ? � ����, ����� �� ������.
The Cognate Object is a special kind of object in English which is used after
intransitive verbs and is expressed by a noun of the same root as the verb. It is
regularly modified by an attribute (to smile a sad smile, to laugh a bitter laugh,
to die a violent death, etc.): They lived a simple life.