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 - Draw parallel lines for shading.
- The lines should be approximately equidistant.
- Lift your hand after each line is completed. Else the lines will
have ugly 'hooks' at the end.
- Draw using your elbow as the pivot. That way, your hand can
move using a greater range of motion resulting in smoother lines.
 This sheet shows various combinations of hatching strokes in
the top row. Draw as many variations as you think of in the blank
squares. You may vary stroke length and the distance between
the strokes to create infinite combinations.
 - Draw multiple sets of hatching lines crossing each other to
shade.
- The lines may cross each other at any angle you wish.
- Two or more sets of hatching strokes can be used.
- Draw denser lines or multiple sets of hatching lines to create
darker shades.
 This sheet shows various combinations of cross-hatching
strokes in the top row. Draw as many variations as you think of in
the blank squares. You may vary stroke length, number of sets of
hatching lines, and the distance between the strokes to create
infinite combinations.
 - Draw dots for shading. The shading will be darker or lighter
depending on the density of dots and the size of each dot.
- While drawing the dots, always lift your hand after each dot.
Else the dots will appear with hooks at the end.
 This sheet shows various combinations of stippling in the top
row. Draw as many variations as you think of in the blank
squares. You may vary the density of dots to create dark or light
shades. You may use pens of different nib/tip sizes to create dark
or light shades.
 - Draw random strokes to create a sense of dense objects like
leaves as shown in the picture above.
- You may vary the darkness of the shape using the density of
the scribble.
 This sheet shows various combinations of scribbling in the top
row. Draw as many variations as you think of in the blank
squares. You may vary the density of scribble to create dark or
light shades.
 - Draw hatching/cross hatching strokes imagining a surface
which is not flat.
- The lines will bend as per the shape of the underlying
surface.
- In the first row of the sheet on the next page, various contour
strokes are shown for a spherical shape.
- Whether you draw hatching, cross-hatching, scribbling or
stippling, the shading must follow the contour of the shape.
- Since this is a sphere, the lines will always bend on the
surface, regardless in which direction you are drawing the
strokes.
 This sheet shows various combinations of cross-hatching
strokes in the top row. Draw as many variations as you think of in
the blank squares. You may vary stroke length, number of sets of
hatching lines, and the distance between the strokes to create
infinite combinations.
 For the cylindrical shape, the horizontal strokes will run along
the circular contour of the shape. But the vertical strokes will be
straight like hatching strokes. This is one important difference
between the spherical and cylindrical shapes.
Always study the underlying shape before drawing the contour
strokes.
The practice sheet for the cylindrical shape is given on the
next page.
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