420° cHAPTen 2 INFRARED SPECTROMETRY, emt 3600 00 PENDIX B CHARACTERISTIC GROUP ABSORPTIONS* : ALKANES, ALKENES VINYL a Trans as ViNYLIDENE 7 ‘TRISUBSTITUTED 47 TeTRASUBSTITUTED 47 conucareD cuMULaTED —So=0=CH, cyoue ALKYNES: WONOSUBSTTUTED bisuasrTuTeD MONONUCLEAR AROMATICS: BENZENE NoNoSUSSTITUTED 2018UTSTTUTED Ha p/suasTTUTED 1ebisuesriTuTeD 12 sTRISUBSTTUTED 1 aS-TRISUESTITUTED ALCOHOLS AND PHENOLS REE OH INTRAMOLECULAR BONDED WERK) INTRAMOLECULAR BONDED (STRONG) INTERMOLECULAR BONDED ‘SATURATED TERT. HIGHLY SYMMETRICAL SEC. ‘SATURATED SEC. {-UNSATURATED OR CYCLIC TERT. ‘o-UNSATURATED SEC. ALICYCLIC SEC, (5 OR 6- NEMERED FING) SATURATED PRIMARY ec UNSATURATED TERT, {cUNSATURATED AND %eBRANCHED SEC, Dia UNSATURATES sec. ALICYCLIC SEC. (7 OR 8: MEMBERED RING) BRANCHED ANDIOR (GUNSATURATED PRIM. sm 3700-3450 sharp loans, [=m 57083809 share ico S000 2600 2200 * Absorptonsafe shown by heavy bars. stomg.m = {dicate that two peaks may be present. May be absent «Frequently a doubiet “Ring bending bands. 20s = ‘ecm, w = weak, sh = sharp, br = broad. Two intensity designations over single barappenoKxe 121 ‘ACETALS “KETALS" ETHERS ALIPHATIC AROMATIC (ARYL —O~CH) viny. OXIRANE RING PEROXIDES (ALKYL AND ARYL) PEROXIDES (ACYL AND AROYL) CARBONYL COMPOUNDS. KETONES? DIALKYL (-cH,cocH,—) AROMATIC (COND) ENOL OF 1,3-DIKETONE ‘@-HYDROKY ARYL KETONE ALDEHYDES? ALKL [AROMATIC (CON!) CARBOXYLIC ACIDS® bimers (CARBOXYLATE 10N ESTERS FORMATES ACETATES OTHER UNCON! ESTERS ‘CONJUGATED ESTERS: AROMATIC ESTERS. ew! S600 San aac eo —Sa0d Tan Tees Tae taps 608 ado ‘Three bands, smetinies a fourth Jor kets and ait band for acoals. $ Conjugsted aliphatic examples show C=O stretch at vrually the same postion a aromatic structures. * Conjugated examples show C=O siretch at lower wavenumbers (1710-1680 em"), The O—H stetch (3300-2600 cm is very broad.122 caseren2 mrnanen specTnoMETRY ‘ “APPENDIX B (Continued) LACTONES ‘BETA ‘GAMMA DELTA ‘ACID CHLORIDES: ALIPHATIC AROMATIC ANHYDRIDES NON-CYCLIC (UNCON) NON-CYCLIC (CON!) foveuic (UNCON) ceveLic (cons AMIDES PRIMARY SOLUTION SOLID SECONDARY SOLUTION SOLID LACTAMS SOLUTION SOLID S-MEMBERED RING 65. OR 7-MEMBERED RING AMINES. PRIMARY ALIPHATIC. AROMATIC ‘SECONDARY ALIPHATIC AROMATIC TERTIARY ALIPHATIC. AMINE SALTS PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY [AMMONIUM ON soo 300 aon za ml 3805 SRB Bae Roo aa Ten Te60NITRILES (RCN) ALIPHATIC! arouaTic CARBODIIMIDES ISONITRILES (RCN) ALIPHATIC AROMATIC ISOCYANATES (RNCO) THIOCYANATES (RSCN) ISOTHIOCYANATES (RNCS) “ALKYL AROMATIC, NITRO COMPONDS ALIPHATIC, AROMATIC, CON. NITRAMINE NITROSOAMINES avin NITRATES (RONO2) NITRITES (RONO} NITROSO COMPOUNDS (RNOD ALIPHATIC DINER (TRANS) ALIPHATIC DIMER (C15) |AROMATIC DIMER (TRANS) AROMATIC DIMER (CIS) ALIPHATIC MONOMER ‘AROMATIC MONOMER SULFUR COMPOUNDS MERCAPTANS, THIOPHENOLS THO ACIDS THIOCARBONYL GROUP (NOT LINKED TO N) (LINKED TON) SULFOXIDES SULFONES, SIIFONYI CHLORIDES PIM, SULFONAMIDE (SOLID) SEC, SULFORNAMIDE (SOLID) SULFONATES. ' | / | | |ew! 3600 124 charTen2 INFRARED SPECTROMETRY APPENDIX B (Continued) HALOGEN COMPOUNDS | —crige| =cigBr cH 4 =F ‘yl Flucrides| ‘yl Chlorides SILICON COMPOUNDS sik Sify SiH I Sich SicHy SicgHs S10 Aliphatic SiOCHs ‘SIOCH;CHs Si0CHs ‘siosi ‘sion SF i SIF, i iF i PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS PH PH PCH POH : Pog i (Nipatic)sP=0 ‘Acomatic)_P=0 (ROP=O | PLO—CHs P-O—CHSCHs P00 gH POP POH A I owcameien —— | = strong m=medium w= weak ‘mo 2600 2200 Pere rereAPPENDIX C. ABSORPTIONS FOR ALKENES C1 Alkene Absorptio Vinyl 1648-1638 em" 995-985 om" (6) ‘915-905 cm (6) Vinylidine 1658-1648 cm” (mm) 895-885 em () 1662-1626 em“ (v) 730-665 em™* (8) H ‘Trsubstituted 1675-1665 cxa™ (w) 840790 em" (m) H ~ R 1678-1668 em-1 (w) 980-960 em (s)° R R 1675-1665 em" very weak. = strong. = mediom, w = weak,v = variable, "This band seo shows a strong overtone ban. ‘This band ours near 1000 cm in ennjogated vans—tran ystems such asthe eters of srbic ai arpenoxe 125 ing! or Chain c © Chain cs. 1661 Chain rans 1616 2S oon 166 ‘Three-membered ring 681 1890 1780 Fourmembered ring 1566 1685 1678 Fivemembered ring rent 1658 1686 1697 Sis-mombered ring 1649 1678 1685 1651 Sevensmembered ring 4681 1673 Ejghtmembered zing 1653 "All sings have cis double bonds