TOPIC 6

MANUFACTURING PROCESS
IMPROVEMENT ON ENVIRONMENT
CONSCIOUS
Environmentally safe precision cleaning system
 Precision Cleaning process is used to prepare the surface of base material
prior to the application of the surface coating.(e.g coating, painting, plating)
 Demand of high tolerance and surface finish component required to
precision cleaning. (automotive, aerospace, electronic & medical)
 Commonly use Vapor degreasing system- chlorinated solvent which
contributed to depletion of ozone layer
 Alternative to chlorinated solvent degreasing:

process solvent

Aqueous HCFC
Semiaquous Alcohol with perfluorocarbons
Pressurized gassed N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
Supercritical fluid Aliphatic hydrocarbons
Plasma cleaning
UV
Environmental cleaning system methodology
 Process control in aqueous cleaning system (ACS)
- more complicated process compare to vapor degreasing process
- computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) is used to control process parameter such
temperature, pH level, agitation and rinse-water quality.

 Wastewater Treatment
- ACS process will produce wastewater which contain substantial amount of oil
-Method to treat wastewater with oil contamination is;
a. gravity separator- difference in specify gravity between water & oil
b. ultra filtration – use a membrane as filter
c. coalescing- involves the preferential wetting of coalescing medium
d. chemical treatment-using a chemical such microbial oil remediation (MOR) to
breakdown wastewater
Environmentally safe disposal of aerosol can
 Aerosol spray is variously used by consumer such hair spray, deodorant, oven
cleaner, paint etc.
 Regulated as hazardous waste if the cans contain of
1. Volatile organic compound (VOC)
2. Propellant
 Cost to dispose aerosol cans is much 2 or 3 time than the original purchase price
 By year 2000 environment regulation such The California Air Resource Board
(CARB) is not permitted the VOC content in consumer product
 The earosol can is consider not hazardous waste if the cans is being empty during
disposal.
 Aerosol can disposal system:
aerosol – the tool to puncture the aerosol can then collect the hazardous content and filter the
airborne organic compound
EVAC Aerosol can crusher and recovery system – develop to satisfy the concern regarding
the release of harmful VOC into atmosphere.
Recycle – the empty can is merely another steel container that can be recycle
The application of painting technique that
reduce VOC
 Voc is emitted into atmosphere as paint dries and react with other chemical
compound and uv radiation to form ground level ozone, called smog
 Paint consist of pigment, thinner and resinous binder
 Paint was categorizes as-
-solvent base thinned
-water base thinned
 Conventional Method (solvent base) of apply paint coating
a. Flow coating- part move on conveyor and nozzle is fix beside
b. Dip coat- part is immerse into paint tank
c. Spray –common technique for apply single coat, some primer and most topcoat
 Alternative to solvent base paint
a. waterborne paint- can be spray, dip or flow coat
b. waterborne electrode position – is use in oven- bake single coat and primer
c. increase the solid content
d. carbon absorption- add on equipment
e. powder coating
 Voc Regulation in spray painting
- Rules restricting VOC emission from coating operation in steel
fabrication & painting shop (refer to misc. metal part and
product)
- Rules restricting VOC emission from coating to be applied in
the field to bridge
and industrial structure
- Rules restricting VOC emission from coating to be applied in
shipyard to marine vessel

 Voc Test method for surface coating

- ASTM Method D 3960, “practice for determining volatile
organic compound (voc) content of paint and related coating”
- Environment protection Agency (EPA) reference method 24
- South coast air quality management district (SCAQMD) rule
107
- Bay area quality management district (BAAQMD) method 21
&22.