6 Principles Resolve Physical Contradictions

Module 2
6 Separation Principles
for
Physical Contradictions
21-22 Jan 2005 2-Day CEP course on TRIZ (21-22 Jan 2005) 1 / 21
Contradictions
What are Contradictions ?
• TRIZ defines two kinds of contradictions,
"Physical" and "Technical". These labels
are artifacts of the early translations of
TRIZ works, and should be thought of as
reference labels-neither is more or less
"physical" than the other!
Contradictions
Definitions of Contradictions ?
• Technical contradictions are the classical
engineering "trade-off." The desired state can't be
reached because something else in the system
prevents it. In other words, when something gets
better, something else gets worse.
• Physical Contradictions are situations where one
object has contradictory, opposite requirements.
Resolve Physical Contradictions
Physical Contradictions are situations where one
object has contradictory, opposite requirements
Examples :
– When pouring hot filling into chocolate candy
shells, the filling should be hot to pour fast, but it
should be cold to prevent melting the chocolate.
– Software should be easy to use, but should have
many complex features and options.
Separation Principles for
1. Separation in Time
2. Separation in space
3. Separation within the whole and its parts
4. Move to supersystem or subsystem
(take it to extremes)
5. Separation on condition (phase transition)
6. Convert to technical contradiction
(and then use C-Matrix)
Separation Principles
for
Physical Contradiction
Example :
protection of the living space from rain
Resolution of Physical Contradiction
Ex : protection of the living space from rain :
• During a warm season, a roof of a house is
needed to protect the living space from rain.
• However, the roof might not be needed when
there is no rain outside.
• So, the roof has to possess two potentially
conflicting physical properties: to be opaque for
rain and transparent for the air and sunlight.
• Let's see how we can use all five methods of
separating conflicting properties:
in time
(1) Separation in time:
• The roof is made foldable. It can be

folded when the weather is good and
unfolded when the weather is bad.
in space
(2) Separation in space:
• The roof is lifted above the house leaving a

gap between the roof and the house. The
size of the gap is enough to pass the air and
sunlight but the shape of the roof does not
allow the rain drops to get into the house.
at microlevel
(3) Separation at microlevel:
• The roof is made of the porous material

which stops the rain drops but passes
the air and sunlight.
at macrolevel
(4) Separation at macrolevel:
• The roof is not needed if something

else of the surrounding environment
protects the living space. For instance,
the whole town can be covered by a
glass shield.
on condition
(5) Separation using phase transition:
• The laser beam above the house

makes the rain drops evaporate before
they reach the house.
Separation Principles
for
Physical Contradiction
More Examples
Physical Contradiction : Examples
1. Shaving : The razor should be

sharp {to cut hair} and blunt {not to cut skin}
2. Electroless Plating : Temperature of bath should be

high {faster deposition} and low {no deposition on}
{container walls }
3. Bone Nails :
nails must be there {when bones are healing}
and must not be there {after bones have healed}
4. Vacuum Cleaner : Vacuum should be
high {to provide powerful suction}
and low {machine can move easily}
Shaving : The razor should be
sharp {to cut hair} and blunt {not to cut skin}
#11 Pressure or Intensity ↑ #31 Harmful side effect ↓
Inventive Principle #3 Local Quality:
use lather which soften the hair {but not the skin}
Electroless Plating : Temperature of bath should be
high {faster deposition} and low {no deposition on}

{container walls }
#17 Temperature ↑ #39 Productivity ↓
Inventive Principle #3 Local Quality

#10 Preliminary action
provide heat to the object (before it goes to bath)
3. Bone Nails :
nails must be there {when bones are healing}
and must not be there {after bones have healed}
#14 Strength ↑ #34Ease of repair ↓
Inventive Principle #27 cheap/short-lived part
Inventive Principle #10 Preliminary action
Use nail that is soluble or slowly degrading polymer
4. Vacuum Cleaner : Vacuum should be

high {to provide powerful suction}
and low {machine can move easily}
Use of energy by Ease of operation ↓
↑
a moving object
Inventive Principle #19 periodic action
Use vacuum in short ON/OFF pulses
CONCLUSION
Physical Contradictions can be resolved
using 6 Separation Principles
1. Separation in Time
2. Separation in space
3. Separation within the whole and its parts
4. Move to supersystem or subsystem
(take it to extremes)
5. Separation on condition (phase transition)
6. Convert to technical contradiction
(and then use C-Matrix)
Thanks

6 Principles Resolve Physical Contradictions

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Module 2

(1) Separation in time:

• The roof is made foldable. It can be

(2) Separation in space:

• The roof is lifted above the house leaving a

(3) Separation at microlevel:

• The roof is made of the porous material

(4) Separation at macrolevel:

• The roof is not needed if something

(5) Separation using phase transition:

• The laser beam above the house

1. Shaving : The razor should be

2. Electroless Plating : Temperature of bath should be

Shaving : The razor should be

sharp {to cut hair} and blunt {not to cut skin}

#11 Pressure or Intensity ↑ #31 Harmful side effect ↓

Inventive Principle #3 Local Quality:

high {faster deposition} and low {no deposition on}

#17 Temperature ↑ #39 Productivity ↓

Inventive Principle #3 Local Quality

provide heat to the object (before it goes to bath)

4. Vacuum Cleaner : Vacuum should be

Use vacuum in short ON/OFF pulses

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