\

LAWS
OF

THE CONGREGATION
OF THE
-

GHEAT SYNAGOGUE,
DUKE'S PLACE,

LONDON.

REVISED AND ENACTED

A. M. 5623.

1863.

LONDON:
PRINTED BY J. WERTHEIMER AND CO,
CIRCUS PLACE, FINSBURY CIRCUS.

56231863.
 PREFACE
TO THE EDITION OF THE LAWS PUBLISHED IN 55171827.

HPHE "Wardens of the Great Synagogue, Duke's

Place, presume that it will neither be deemed

irrelevant nor intrusive, if they seize the opportunity

affordedby the publication and distribution of the

newly arranged Code of Laws, to prefix to the same
an account of the early establishment of this Congre-

gation, together with a cursory detail of its present

arrangement, and of the course pursued by the

Officers and Vestry to effect the objects of their

anxious care.

It appears, from the remnant of an ancient manu-

script book of laws and minutes of transactions, still

existing among the documents lying in the Syna-

gogue Chambers, that a meeting for prayer at least,

if not a place specially devoted for Public Worship,

must have been established by the German Jews,

or 1692 the Synagogue
prior to the year p'sb ^"Jn
:

in Duke's Place, however, was the first building,

(excepting that of the Portuguese Congregation),

iv PREFACE.

service after their

purposely erected for divine
settle-

ment in this happy realm in the year 1655. This

the sole expense of MOSES

pious work was effected at

HART, Esq., a wealthy merchant of that time, the

consecration of which took place on the Eve of the

New Year p'sb

1'SD m
A.M. 5482 or 1722 and, by ;

a codicil to the will of this religious and generous

benefactor, bearing date 1756, the property was

bequeathed to the Congregation altogether.

In or 1767, this Building was repaired, en-

T"3pfi

larged, and consecrated. Since that period, however,

the community having greatly increased, the whole

was taken down and the present elegant structure

being twice the size of the former), was erected in

3"pn
or 1790; toward the expense of which, Mrs.
JUDITH LEVY, the then only surviving daughter of
the original founder, subscribed the sum of 4000.

The Synagogue thus renewed, is the oldest and

most spacious in London belonging to the German
Jews ; besides which, as the population has increased,

several others have since been erected ; but, in con-

sequence of its early standing, this of Duke's Place

has always been the principal point whereto the poor,
 PREFACE. V

both resident and foreign, have looked for, and found

relief. At the head of its religious department, we
have, at the percent time, the happiness to boast of the

superintendence of the highly-gifted arid worthy Dr.

SOLOMON HIRSCHEL, Q. D. C., whose reverend and
esteemed father also guided Israel in this place from

the year or 1757 to or 1764; divine

ppH Y3pn
worship is,
of course, regularly and devoutly attended

to under his auspices, while the Honorary Officers

and Vestry are zealously employed in the general

superintendence, in the dispensation of charity to the

poor, the attention to the sick, and burial of the dead.

Fixed monthly stipends are allotted to proper objects

as well as casual relief administered as occasions arise,

and the sums dispensed among the foreign poor who

apply are very considerable, besides a large annual

expense incurred for the distribution of niE for

which there always are an immense number of ap-

plicants; a Physician, Surgeon, and Apothecary are

also engaged to attend in their several departments
for the benefit of the poor.

Thus are our principal duties, of worship to the

Almighty God, and charity to his creatures, attempted

to be fulfilled. May we find grace in the sight of the

Lord, and may he bless his people ! AMEN.

VI PREFACE.

It must be evident, that an establishment like this,

requires very large funds to effect its purposes ;

and
the managers have the satisfaction to declare, that the

Congregation has met with many liberal supporters,

and the poor with many generous friends. Several

large sums have been settled in the funds, and their

produce confided to the management of the Yestry

for specific charitable purposes, to be annually dis-

tributed; and the names of LAZARUS SIMONS, Esq.,

ISRAEL ELKIN, Esq., of Jamaica, and ASHER GOLD-

SMID, Esq., must, on this account, be particularly

noticed, while the enumeration of the rest of the

generous benefactors to the Congregation, is in this

place impossible; their names are justly inscribed in

golden letters on the tablets in the synagogue, and

their deeds are registered in Heaven,

Such liberality is as honourable to the donors as it

is
indispensable to the Congregation, as, but for the

generosity of the public, the Jewish Poor would be

very badly provided for parochial

;
relief being princi-

pally given in workhouses, our indigent brethren are

consequently deprived of such assistance and, although

;

in France, Holland,
Hamburgh, etc., the law of the

land authorises the Jewish Congregations to levy a

 PREFACE. Vll

rate on their brethren for their Synagogue establish-

ment and the maintenance of their poor, the laws of

England do not permit a compulsory tax to be raised

by any separate community without a special act of

Parliament hence, the only resource and hope of this
;

Congregation rest on the voluntary contributions of

its members, nor is this hope groundless; for the
Jews are by all acknowledged to be compassionate and

charitable, being fully impressed with the words of

scripture :

TDK ?
1

*pfi&
'3JK p W pKPl nipfc JV3K
SlIT tih ^
'

pro *pnjo pWn 735/7 7nf? IT n nnsn nns

-mn o -jnra *}i> yv *h b jnn
1

run y?:a i ?

" The poor shall never cease out of the land : there

fore I command thee, saying, Thou shalt open wide

thine hand unto thy brother, to thy poor, and to thy

needy, in thy land. Thou shalt surely give him, and

thine heart shall not be grieved when thou givest unto

him because that

: for this thing the Lord thy God
shall bless thee in all thy works, and in all that thou

puttest thine hand unto." Deitt. chap. xv. verses

11 andlO.
Viii PREFACE.

The Congregation have hitherto been highly

benefited by the bequests of pious and benevolent

persons, among which may be mentioned those from

the late MOSES HART, Esq., Founder of the Syna-

gogue, ISAAC FRANKS, Esq., AARON FRANKS, Esq.,

Dr. SAMUEL DE FALK, LEVY BARENT COHEN, Esq.,
JUDAH PHILLIPS, Esq., of Jamaica, DANIEL ELIASON,

Esq., and many others, besides settled funds for

peculiar purposes as heretofore mentioned.

 INTRODUCTION.

having been no reprint of the Laws since

the years 5587 1827, and many of them then
in existence having been subsequently abrogated, or
modified, and several new Laws enacted, the Com-
mittee of the Congregation determined to submit to

the consideration of the Vestry the desirability of a

revised code.

Pursuant to a resolution of the Committee, passed

at a Meeting held on the 7th November, 5615 1854,
and ratified by a resolution of the Vestry at a Meeting

held on the 23rd of the same month, a Sub- Committee

was appointed to draw up such revised code. The

Sub-Committee was constituted as follows :

Dr. BARNARD VAN OVEN, SAMUEL MOSES, Esq.

Louis NATHAN, Esq. JOSHUA ALEXANDER, Esq.
LEWIS JACOBS, Esq. SAMPSON SAMUEL, Esq.
MAURICE SOLOMON, Esq.

At their first Meeting, the Sub-Committee elected

the late Dr. BARNARD VAN OVEN as their Chairman,

and they presented their Report, and the Code of

 X INTRODUCTION.

Laws as revised by them, on the 16th March, 5618

1858.

It is only a duty to the memory of the respected

Chairman of the Sub-Committee, to quote the con-

cluding paragraph of the report in question :

" The Committee cannot close this

Report without
"
recording their grateful appreciation of the eminent
" services of their esteemed
Chairman, Dr. VAN OVEN,
"who has invariably attended every Meeting, and
" and urbanity, have greatly
whose talents, experience,
"
aided the Committee in their attempt to adequately
" the trust confided to them."
fulfil

The Sub- Committee, in their Report, state that they

commenced their labours on the 24th Januarv, 5615 *i

'

1855, that they elected the Secretary of the

Synagogue, Mr. SIMEON OPPENHEIM, an Honorary

Member, and that his complete knowledge of the

present Laws, and the manner of their operation,

had been of the greatest value to the Sub-Committee

at each step of their proceedings.

The Sub-Committee further state, that they had

devoted fifty evenings to the fulfilment of their duty ;

 INTRODUCTION. XI

and it is fitting to record the grateful appreciation of

the Committee and Vestry, of the skill and assiduity

which those gentlemen have manifested in carrying

out the important duties entrusted to them.

The revised Code was submitted to the consideration

of the Vestry, and underwent the most careful and

minute consideration of that body, during a series of

Meetings ranging over a period of nearly three

years. With such modifications as were made by

the Vestry, it was then, conformably to Law,
submitted to the consideration of the conjoint body

of the Vestry and forty-two Members, and recom-

mended for their adoption. This last-mentioned

body, during a series of closely continuous Meetings,

devoted great care and attention to the consideration

of the revised code; and the Code of Laws, as now

printed, is that which was finally adopted by them,
such portions of the same as relate to religious

matters having previously been submitted to the

consideration of the Chief Rabbi, the Rev. Dr. ABLER.

The present revised Code has thus been prepared

with much care and is framed not only to meet the
;

requirements of the present time, but also in strict

accordance with those principles which have hitherto
Xll INTRODUCTION.

governed the Congregation, and to which pious

reference is made in the original Preface.

It has been thought useful, to give at the foot of

this Introduction, a form of Legacy, to be adopted by

those benevolent persons who may be desirous of

promoting the welfare of the Synagogue. Many

munificent Donations and Legacies have been pre-

sented and bequeathed to the Congregation, in addition

to those mentioned in the original Preface; and

many settled funds, established for special purposes,

exist to perpetuate the memory of their benevolent

founders. Among those who have been pre-eminently
conspicuous for the liberality of their benefactions

and bequests, may be mentioned the names of the

late MOSES SAMUEL, Esq., ISAAC COHEN, Esq., ABRA-
HAM LYON MOSES, Esq., and the late Mrs. BARNET
JOSEPH ;
an accumulating fund has also been founded

by the members of the Rothschild family in memory

of their deceased parents, which already amounts to

a considerable sum.

It may be interesting generally to note, how im-

portantly, since the date of the last promulgated code,

the Great Synagogue has advanced in the wide extent

of its
religious influences, and in the increased
 INTRODUCTION. Xlll

amount of its benefactions ; and how, by the estab-

lishment of a Branch Synagogue in Great Portland

Street, it has been enabled to meet the requirements

of its Members, whom the habits of the present time

have located at a distance from the original building.

In the First Preface, a just and glowing tribute

is paid to the efficiency of the then Chief Rabbi,
the late Dr. SOLOMON HIRSCHEL, 7'"T; and it is

a source of the highest gratification at the present

time to testify how much the Congregation and the

Jewish community at large are indebted for their

spiritual welfare, to the learning, zeal, and ability of

the present Chief Rabbi, the Rev. Dr. N. M. ADLER ;

and it is considered that this Introduction cannot be

better concluded, than by the expression of the

fervent prayer, that, under God's blessing, the Chief

Rabbi may be long spared to continue in the exercise

of his sacred functions; and, that, under the like

blessing, the Great Synagogue may be enabled ade-

quately to provide for the religious requirements of
its increasing Congregation, so that the parent Syna-

gogue and its branches may at all times find that the

liberality of their Congregants is

keeping pace with
the increasing demand on their financial resources.
 FORM OF LEGACY.
I give and bequeath to the Treasurer for the time being

of the Congregation of the Great Synagogue, St. James's

Place, Aldgate, in the City of London, the sum of

(to be paid out of such part of my personal estate as may be

legally applied for charitable purposes,) for the general

purposes of the said Great Synagogue.

 OFFICERS
OF THE CONGREGATION,
5623 1863.

ffi&tef a&a&W, (Y3K

THE REV. DR. NATHAN MARCUS ABLER.
Martens, (a'WTS)
SIR ANTHONY ROTHSCHILD, BART.
LOUIS NATHAN, ESQ.

EPHRAB1 ALEX, ESQ.

^Treasurer, (HilJ)
PHILIP LAWRENCE, ESQ.

fceweer, OfiOJ)

LIONEL LOUIS COHEN, ESQ.

(Committee, (Tyn ^^ ny^^)

BARON LIONEL DE ROTHSCHILD, M.P.
LOUIS COHEN, ESQ.

LEWIS JACOBS, ESQ.

JOSHUA ALEXANDER, ESQ.

SAMUEL MOSES, ESQ.

DAVID M. DAVIDSON, ESQ.

S. A. JONAS, ESQ.

Eeaters, (D*3TPI)

REV. SIMON ASCHER. )

-

MOSES KEIZER.
AARON LEVY GREEN. |
Branch Synagogue,
SAMUEL LYONS. j
Gt. Portland Street,

SIMEON OPPENHEIM, ESQ.

 VESTRY
PAST OFFICERS.

Elected.
A.M.

SOLOMON COHEN, ESQ ................ 5578

SAMUEL MOSES SAMUEL, ESQ ...... 5581
PHILIP SAMUEL, ESQ .................. 5587
ABRAHAM HORT, ESQ ................... 5588
MARK WOLFF, ESQ ...................... 5592
BENJAMIN COHEN, ESQ ............... 5593
LOUIS COHEN, ESQ ...... ............. 5597
S. B. WORMS, ESQ ......................... 5600
BARON LIONEL DE ROTHSCHILD, M.P.5601
HENRY H. COHEN, ESQ ................ 5601
J. HENRY MOSES, ESQ .................. 5605
AARON JOSEPH, ESQ ................... 5605
SIR ANTHONY ROTHSCHILD. BART. 5607
LEWIS JACOBS, ESQ ...................... 5607
JOSHUA ALEXANDER, ESQ .......... 5614
SAMUEL MOSES, ESQ .................. 5614
JESSEL,
Z. A. ESQ ......................... 5614
LOUIS NATHAN, ESQ ................... 5616
MICHAEL EMANUEL, ESQ ............ 5617
BARON MEYER DE ROTHSCHILD.M.P. 5621
DAVID M. DAVIDSON, ESQ ............ 5621
EPHRAIM ALEX, ESQ .................. 5623

^Treasurers.

SYMONS, ESQ ...................... 5586

E. J.
SIMEON OPPENHEIM, ESQ ............. 5594
PHILIP LAWRENCE, ESQ.... .5623
 OFFICERS. XV11

berseera.

MEYER LEVIN, ESQ ...................... 5585

ISRAEL ISAACS, ESQ ................... 5585
SOLOMON JOSEPH, ESQ ................ 5596
HENRY EMANUEL, ESQ ................ 5596
BARTHOLOMEW HARRIS, ESQ ..... 5597
MYERS, ESQ ...... .................. 5606
A. N.
JOSEPH MOSES, ESQ .................. 5606
HENRY MOSES, ESQ, ................... 5610
LAWRENCE HYAM, ESQ ................ 5613
S. A. JONAS, ESQ ........................ 5613
BARNET MEYERS, ESQ ....... .......... 5623
LIONEL L. COHEN, ESQ ............... 5623

fHemte of tfje Uestrg, SElectefc 5600.

JONES SPYER, ESQ. ]
JOHN WAGG, ESQ.
M. L. LAWRANCE, ESQ. SAMPSON SAMUEL, ESQ.

of tfje Festrg (EUctcfc for 8Koo gears

ENDING 5624.

ISAAC HYAM, ESQ. JACOB WALEY, ESQ.

ISAAC MOSES, ESQ. MICHAEL SAMUEL, ESQ.

B. S. PHILLIPS, ESQ. Alderman. DAVID BENJAMIN, ESQ.
JOSEPH LAZARUS, ESQ.
ASHER H. HART, ESQ.
SALING SCHIFF, ESQ.
nances AVTCI?TT v
MOSS ANSELL, SAUL ISAACS, ESQ.
ESQ.
LESSER FRIEDLANDER,EsQ. JONAS JACOBS, ESQ.
L. M. ROTHSCHILD, ESQ. SAMUEL L. DE SYMONS, ESQ.
|

treasurers of tfje Burial Society

JOSEPH ABRAHAMS, ESQ.

JOHN NATHAN, ESQ.
b
 INDEX.

Congregation .......
...
Privilege of a 3fc?in (Seat-holder
PAGE.

2
Rights of a JV3 SjD Free Member) ... 2
Modes
......
of acquiring the Eights of a

.......
(Free Member)
JV3 7jD
4
Government
Wardens
Treasurer
........
.........12
8
8
10
Overseer of the Poor
...
. . . . .

Committee
Vestry .
.......
General Duties of Honorary Officers

.20
14
14

Auditors .

......23
Building Committee
Conjoint Board
.

.
. . . . .

24
25

Trustees
Funds
........
Board of Deputies

.
... .
25
25
26
Bequests
Seats .........29
Legacies and Donations . . . .
. 28
28

Meetings 30

.....
Election of Honorary Officers.

Offices, and Fines

Eligibility for

33
Chief Rabbi
......
........
Readers and Clerks
37
39
43
Secretary
Collector ... 45
X INDF.X.

Beadle .46
Election of Salaried Officers
Service of the Synagogue
....
General Laws respecting the Synagogue Officers

.....
. 47
47
48
D^3VH Calling of Persons to the Reading of the
Law ... -
....56 52
Respecting B^lp . .

rvwn jnm mm jnn

....
........
Private Meetings for Prayers
. . 58
60
61
Marriage
Burials
Alteration of Laws ......
for the Relief of Decayed
63
65

D'JpT njyB>a Society

DTD ^yn . 66
General Laws 67
 LAWS.

ini NTH fn 'n nx

"Thou shalt fear the Lord thy God, and serve Him." Deut. vi. 13.

It is the duty of every Israelite regularly to

attend Divine Service in the Synagogue, and to
conduct himself therein with due reverence.

CONGREGATION.

1. The order of the service established from the . >

earliest date, as the form to be followed in this Con-

gregation, is that termed 3rO; hence all the

fi}*)
orders of Prayers, Hymns, and Ceremonies, used
^
throughout the year on Week-days, Sabbaths, Fes-
tivals, Fasts, and other seasons, are to be performed

according to that system.

2. This Congregation consists of four classes of

Members.
1st. Free Members, having rpnpn and being
Hpin,
 LAWS.

possessed of certain rights and privileges here-

after denned.
2nd. D*3BHn Seat-holders, persons having rented
seats in the Synagogue for a period of at least
six months.
3rd. Persons having been married in this Synagogue.
4th. The unmarried children of all the before-
mentioned classes.

All other persons are considered D*ITTIS, strangers.

PRIVILEGE OF A M5nn (SEAT-HOLDER).

3. Every male Seat-holder above the age of 21

years, not more than twelve months in arrear in
payment of his Accounts due to the Congregation, is

entitled to vote at the election for Members to repre-

sent this Congregation at the Board of Deputies of
the British Jews.

4. Seat-holders are eligible to be elected to the

offices of min or iwana
jnn jnn.

RIGHTS OF A m p (FREE MEMBER).

5.
Every JVS $5 (Free Member) being a Seat-
holder, and not more than twelve months in arrear in

payment of his accounts, is eligible to be elected a

Member of the Board of Deputies of the British
Jews,
 LAWS. 3

6. He is entitled to vote at the Biennial election of

the Yestry (vide law 85), and at the Election of

every Officer of the Congregation whose salary shall

exceed 10 per annum.

7. He is become an honorary or
eligible to elective
Member of the Yestry, and to be elected to the office
of Overseer.

8 . He
has a right to officiate as
pD (except on Q^
D*11D holidays) on the occasion of the marriage, and
also of the HIVD *O of any of his children.

9. He has a preference of being called to

on rOS?, whenever he is a HVH.

10. He has a right to the attendance of a reader

(]Th)
and clerk (&?OB?) on the occasion of the marriage
of any of his children, and the HTD rVQ of any of
his sons.
v

11. He is the privileges

entitled to respecting
specified in laws 242, 246, and
247.

12. He
has a right to rOIJTJ HIBJH (permission for

marriage) for himself and his children, free of

expense.

13. He has the right of interment for himself, his

wife, and his unmarried children, free of charge for

4 LAWS.

ground (VDT>) in that portion of the burial-ground of

& II t

the Congregation
O O reserved for
f
DTQ *vJD

14. All the aforesaid privileges become forfeited if

at any time it should be proved to the satisfaction of
tin- Committee and the Chief Rabbi, or any person or
of Chief Rabbi,
persons officiating in the capacity
that such free Member has renounced the Jewish
faith.

MODES OF ACQUIRING THE RIGHTS OF

A TO Sjtt (FREE MEMBER).
15. Any person desirous of becoming a JV3
must apply, in writing, to the Committee of the

Synagogue (such application to be submitted at one

of the monthly meetings of the Committee) and if ;

approved of, the ballot shall be taken thereon at the

next ensuing Meeting, notice whereof, together with
the name and residence of the applicant, shall be
inserted in the summonses issued for such meeting.

Every person who

10. shall become a Seat-
holder on the occasion of his marriage, and shall,
within one month subsequently, apply to be elected a
JVD 7JD (Free Member) shall pay Five Guineas to
the funds of the Congregation for such admission.

16A. Every D?in (Seat-holder) who shall desire to

become a JV2 7^3, be admitted on payment
shall also

of Five Guineas, provided he shall have rented a seat

in the Synagogue for the three consecutive years imme-
diately preceding his election; a non-member shall be
admitted to the like privilege, on payment of Ten
Guineas; all such applications to be subject to the
regulations contained in Law 15. In all cases, such

payments, together with all arrears due to the Con-

gregation, shall be liquidated within one month after
election, otherwise such election shall be void.

17. Every person who shall be admitted a JV

having unmarried children, shall pay on admission in
respect of each, such a sum as the Committee may
deem proper.

18. No unmarriedperson under 21 years of age

shall be admitted a 7V2 7lD-

19. Unmarried sonsrtflTjD may obtain

of a

on payment of two and a half guineas ;

PlTTIpn nptn
and every unmarried son of a JV3 7^3, above the age
who shall not be a Seat-holder, shall pay
of 30 years,
such annual sum to the congregation as the Com-
mittee may fix.

20. The son of a rVl 7>tt, on his marriage, may

obtain on payment of two and a half
nSnpn npTP!
guineas. The same right shall be acquired, on a like
the daughter of a
payment, by any person marrying
(3 LAWS.

Such payment must be made within one

year after the marriage, if solemnized within the
United Kingdom; or, if solemnized elsewhere, within
one year after the arrival of such person within
the United Kingdom ;
in default thereof, and in the

event of the party subsequently claiming such right, he

shall pay an additional sum of two guineas, and, after

the period of three years shall have elapsed, the

additional sum to be paid shall be in the discretion
of the Committee. In the event, however, of his

renting and paying for a seat in the Synagogue, he

may claim admission under Law 16 A.

Any unmarried female not under the age of 21

21.

years, or a widow, may acquire by purchase, in the

manner prescribed in Law 16, similar rights and
privileges to those possessed by the daughter or
widow of a JV3 ^3, and she shall convey the same
rights to any future husband, as the daughter of

22. If any JV1 jD shall be in arrear in

payment
of his accounts to the Synagogue, and his son or son-
in-law shall demand such son or son*in-
rpnpn HpTPl,
law shall pay such arrears, or any sum to be fixed by
the Committee, not exceeding ten guineas, towards
the liquidation thereof. Of this sum, two guineas
and a half shall be appropriated as the admission fee
of such son or son-in-law, and the remainder shall be

applied towards the discharge of such arrears.

 LAWS.

23. The son of a JV3 7JD marrying the daughter of

a JV1 SjD may claim either in right of
ppnpn fipTPl,
his father or father-in-law.

24. The daughter of a 7VS Sj?3 marrying any

person not being a IV! 7^13, may retain her own
rights and privileges by the payment of five shillings
per annum, commencing within one year after her
marriage; such payment to cease on her husband

becoming a JY1 7^3, or on her becoming a widow.

25. The widow of a JVD 7JD shall retain her

her widowhood.
HpTH during

26. The widow of a rvs 7^1 marrying any person

belonging to this congregation, riot being a JV2 SpS,
may retain her own rights and privileges by the pay-
ment of five shillings per annum, such payment to
cease on her second husband becoming a n 1
*

or at his death.

27. A JV3 yi marrying the widow of a non-

JV^ 7JD having children, such children are not
entitled to nSnH nTH.

28. Any JVi 7JD not having a seat in the Syna-

gogue, shall, in order to retain his right of Member-
ship, pay such annual contribution thereto as
the
Committee may determine.

29. If any JV3 7^13 shall become unable to continue

 8 LAWS.

payment, it shall be in the power of

/ his annual the

Committee to reduce such payment, or wholly to

remit the same, so long as the Committee shall think

proper; and such Member shall, nevertheless,

retain

for himself and family all his rights and privileges.

30. Any jD who shall be greatly in arrear to

JVS
the Synagogue, shall become liable to be deprived by
a vote of the Vestry, on the recommendation of the

Committee, of all his rights and privileges one ;

month's previous notice of such intended proceeding

must be communicated to him in writing, and must
be inserted in the notices convening the meeting of
the Vestry, but such act of deprivation shall not
him from the liability
relieve to pay the arrears due
from him to the Synagogue.

GOVERNMENT.

'
V 31. The congregation shall be governed by
Four Wardens,
A Treasurer,
An Overseer of the Poor,
A Committee, and
A Vestry.

WARDENS.
32. The Wardens shall have the general superin-

& **VM * lf<

 LAWS. 9

tendence of the congregation, and shall govern it

agreeably to its laws.

33. The Wardens arrange the rota of their

shall

duties, each one acting as President during three

consecutive months.

34. The President shall take the office of

"po,
except when the same shall devolve by right on any
JV2 7JD, or other Member (vide Law 8).

35. The President shall issue all orders for the

solemnization of marriage (vide Law 260), and also
for interments (vide Law 270). He shall, at the
same time, decide on the charges to be made on such
occasions to D^^IH (Seat-holders), and DWlK
(Strangers), as well as the payments to be made on
account of any debts due from such respective parties
to the congregation. He shall also determine the
price to be paid for any piece of ground required for
the interment of any individual (vide Law 269).

36. The President have the power, by an

shall
order in writing, to direct a sum not exceeding two

guineas, to be given at one time by the Overseer to a

necessitous personbelonging to the Congregation.
The President, conjointly with two of the Honorary
Officers, may, in the same manner, and for the like

object, dispose of any sum not exceeding five guineas.

37. No proclamation shall be made in the Syna-

10 LAWS.

gogue without the previous consent of the Wardens ;

nor shall any paper be affixed to any part of the

Synagogue, or to the buildings belonging thereto,
without the previous authority of the President.

TREASURER.
A
38. The Treasurer shall superintend the receipt
and expenditure of all
money on account of the
congregation.

moneys received on account of the congre-

39. All

gation shall be deposited in the names of the Tre%-

surer and Secretary for the time being, at some
banker appointed by the Committee. All payments
made shall be by drafts, signed by the Treasurer, and
countersigned by the Secretary; and an account of
such receipts and payments shall be kept in the
Cash-book.

40. The letting of the seats in the Synagogue

shall be under the control and direction of the
Treasurer, according to the terms fixed by the
Committee.

41. He be empowered to expend a sum not

shall

exceeding ten pounds at any one time, for any

repairs which may be urgently required for any of
the premises belonging to the congregation.
 LAWS. 11

42. On entering office, he shall receive an inventory

in duplicate, of all property under the care of the
Secretary, belonging to the congregation; and it is
his duty to see that such property be kept complete in

all respects, and in good order. He shall sign the

duplicate inventory, /and present one of such inven-

\ -fv^cW/it , ,, .

tones TO at the next ensuing Meeting.

thejOommittee
On quitting office, he shall return the inventory in
his possession to the Secretary, and take his receipt

for the same. All additions to such property, made

during from time to time,

his period of office, shall be,

duly entered by the Secretary in the said inventories ;

and the Treasurer shalljfrom time to time, notify the
said additions to the Committee.
A
43. He may purchase anything which may be
urgently required for the purposes of the congrega-
tion, the expense of which shall not exceed ten

pounds at any one time.

44. He shall perstoffiiBy superintend the receipt of

I/ h&r\ rvxn& in the Synagogue on

45. He once in three months, inspect

shall, at least
/ the Secretary's accounts, and satisfy himself that the
books and accounts are properly kept.

46. He shall sign all orders given, and contracts

made or entered into, by the Committee of the Con-
gregation.
 1 t LAWS.

47. On his quitting office, lie shall deliver up to

the Secretary all documents in his possession belong-

ing to the Synagogue, which, together with his books

of account, shsll be preserved in the Synagogue

chambers. This annual procedure is requisite, even

should the same Treasurer remain in office for a

subsequent year.

48. The Treasurer's accounts shall be annually

made up to T'tf n"1 previously to the succeeding
JVD H'"), and shall be laid before the Committee at

the next ensuing Monthly Meeting, duly audited in

the manner hereinafter directed (vide Law 102).

49. The Treasurer shall be assisted in the per-

formance of his duties by a Committee of Finance,
consisting of four Members of the Vestry, two of whom
shall be annually elected by the Committee, and two
by the Vestry, the Treasurer being, ex officio, Chairman
of such Committee.

OVERSEER OF THE POOR.

50. All dispensations of Charity (except as otherwise

provided for by Laws 52 and 57) shall be under the

direction of the Overseer, who shall also personally
distribute,or superintend the distribution of the

monthly allowances according to the ,-Qp (stipendiary

list).
\
 LAWS. 13

51. He shall dispense to applicants such casual

relief as he may think proper but he must not on
;

any occasion givemore than five shillings to any one

individual. The names of the parties so relieved,
with the amounts so dispensed, must be entered in a
book kept for that purpose.

52. The dispensation of relief to the D*n*)1K (strange

poor), be managed by the Overseer of this

shall

Synagogue, in conjunction with those of the other

two uniting Congregations, as is now, or may here-
after from time to time be arranged by the con-
joint Committee of the three Congregations.

53. The Overseer pay all moneys required for

shall

medical aid to the poor, whether as salaries, or other-

wise, and the same shall form items of expenditure
in his accounts.

54. His accounts shall, previously to be

JVD n"1,
annually made up to the preceding *V*N I"!"*), and ^

audited, and shall be presented to the Committee at

its next meeting ensuing.

55. He shall annually, whether he remain in office

or not, deliver up all

receipts, books, and vouchers
in his possession, to the Secretary, in order that
they
may be preserved in the Synagogue Chambers.

56. The Overseer shall be assisted in the perfor-

14 LAWS.

mance of his duties, by a Committee for the Relief of

the Poor, consisting of four persons, to be annually

selected by and from the Vestry the Overseer being
;

ex officio Chairman of such Committee.

GENERAL DUTIES OF HONORARY

OFFICERS.

The Honorary Officers, with the Committee

57.

appointed by Law 56, shall superintend the distri-

bution of Passover Bread niXtt. In the distribution
of Passover Bread to the strange poor, the Overseer
shall act in conjunction with those of the other two

Congregations, as is now, or may hereafter from time

to time be arranged by the conjoint Committee of

the three Congregations.

COMMITTEE.

58. The Committee

shall consist of the Honorary

Officers, and of seven others called *vyn *S1tD ny2?

(Elders), to be elected by the Vestry, from amongst

such members of their own body who have either
served or paid fine for the office of Warden, Treasurer,
or Overseer.

59. The Committee meet monthly, or ofteiier

shall

if necessary, to superintend and direct all the affairs

 LAWS. 15

of the Congregation. At such meeting, seven shall

form a quorum, except for charitable distributions,
whether by bequest or otherwise, for which five shall
form a quorum and the Chairman shall, in the event
;

of the numbers being equal on any division, have a

casting vote in addition to his own.

60. The Committee shall appoint one of their own

body to audit the accounts of the Congregation, in

conjunction with two other Auditors to be elected by
the Vestry according to Law 97.

61. Previously to the Annual Meeting of the

Vestry for the election of Honorary Officers, the
Committee shall form a list for the offices of Overseer
and Treasurer. The list to consist of the following

persons.
1. The Overseer and Treasurer for the time being.
2. Fourteen DTQ vj?l Seat-holders, not members
of the Vestry.
3. All members of the Vestry who may not have
served or paid fine for the office of Warden.
In the event of every person elected from the said
list
declining to serve, another list shall be
formed, and proceeded with in the same manner.

62. The Committee shall receive applications from

persons desirous of being admitted DTQ ^JD, %&&
agreeably to Laws
shall deal with such applications

15 and 16.
 16 LAWS.

63. The Committee shall have the poxver to admit

any individual to be a JV1 7JD free of charge.

64. The Committee regulate the letting of

shall

the seats in the Synagogue, and may grant the use of

a free seat to any individual during the pleasure
of the Committee.

65. The Committee shall regulate from time to

time the charge to be made to members for watching

the burial-ground.

66.Every year in the month of V7D3 or rOtD, a

Committee Meeting shall be held for the inspection
of the monthly distribution list notice of
(!"Op),
which shall be inserted in the summons convening
the said meeting. Prior to such meeting, it shall be
the duty of the Overseer and Committee formed
under Law 56, to review the List, and use every
mode of enquiry to ascertain the state of the poor,
and make a report to the Committee, with a view
to properly regulating the said List for that year.

67. The Committee shall, from time to time, order

surplus moneys to be invested in Government secu-

rities, in such trusts as it

may think proper.

68. The Committee shall be empowered, in case of

necessity, to realise any of the available funds of the

Congregation, not exceeding 200 in one year,
 LAWS. 17

whether for re-payment of any amounts deposited

with the Congregation, or otherwise; but if a greater
sum be required, the subject must be submitted to
the consideration of the Vestry, whose determination
thereon shall be final.

69. The Committee shall annually inspect the

lists of Trustees ;
and shall, from amongst their
own body, or from such members of the Congre-
gation as have served or paid fine for the office
of Warden, Treasurer, or Overseer, fill
up, when
required, all vacancies in existing Trusteeships,
and appoint Trustees under new Trusts; and they
shall adopt such measures as may be necessary for

the purpose of giving effect to such appointments.

70. The Committee have the power to deprive

shall

any stipendiary Officer of rpnpn npTH in the event

of his dismissal from Office, provided that such

privilege shall have been presented to him.

71. The Committee shall declare all vacancies

occurring in the salaried offices of the congregation, at

as early a period after their occurrence as they shall

think fit; and shall receive application and admit such

applicants as they may deem qualified, as candidates

for any office, except that of Chief Rabbi.

72. The Committee shall fix the day and hour of

c
18 LAWS.

Election for of the congregation,

all salaried officers

and take care that due publicity be given thereof.

73. The Committee have the power of electing

shall

every officer whose salary shall not exceed ten pounds

per annum.

74. No
person, except the accredited officers of the
congregation, D'OftfrO, shall perform the reli-
rpPlpn
gious service in the Synagogue without the sanction
of the Committee and of the Chief Rabbi.

75. The Committee may, with the sanction of the

Chief Rabbi, permit any person to preach in the

Synagogue.

76. The Committee, on the recommendation of the

Vestry, shall have the power to re-admit to nptn

such conditions as they may think
nSnpn, under
proper, any person who may have forfeited the
same.

77. The Committee shall regulate the annual pay-

ments of DVO vJD under special circumstances, in
accordance with Laws 28 and 29.

78. The Committee shall have power to grant per-

mission for the interment of persons not possessing
in that portion of the burial ground of
PDJTpn HpTPl
the congregation reserved for DTO ^3; the amount
 LAWS. 19

to be paid on such occasions shall be decided by the

President.

79. The Committee shall have the control of the

burial ground, agreeably to the Laws relating
thereto.

80. The Committee shall have the power to sum-

mon them any Member of the congregation,
before
whenever they shall deem it necessary and in case of
;

the non-attendance of such Member, to inflict on him

a fine of one guinea.

81. All petitions for relief must be addressed to

the Committee, who shall be empowered to deal with

them as they shall think fit.

82. The Committee shall appoint Three Members

of their own
body, who, in conjunction with the
Honorary Officers for the time being, shall represent
the congregation at the Committee relating to the
office of Chief Rabbi.

83. If any Officer in the service of the congrega-

tion shall be guilty of misconduct, the President may

suspend such Officer, but must immediately there-

afterconvene a Meeting of the Committee, to take
such further steps thereon as may be deemed

necessary.
20 LAWS.

VESTRY.

84. The Vestry shall consist of

1st. All persons who have served or paid fine, or

shall hereafter serve or pay fine, for the office of

Warden, Treasurer, or Overseer.

2nd. Such persons as have been, or may be, elected

Honorary Members.
3rd. Such persons as were elected Members for

conformably
life, to a law passed on the 14th of
September, 5600, and such as may be biennially

elected, agreeably to Law 85.

4th. The Treasurer for the time being of the
Burial Society.

85. There shall be elected biennially, in the month

of V^DD, by the DTD 'Sjfo as additional Members of
the Vestry, so many DTQ ^1 (being Seat-holders,
and not more than twelve months in arrear of

payment of their accounts), as shall, together with the

remainder, for the time being, of the persons elected

for life, make up the number of 20; any vacancy

occurring in the number

of such additional Vestry-
men by death, refusal, resignation, or otherwise, shall
be filled up by a vote of the Vestry, until the next
General Election; and no person shall be considered
as elected unless he has received at least seven votes.

86. Every year, during the first half of the month

 LAWS. 21

of 'nix (and in leap-year, during the first half of

*2W TfN), a Special Meeting of the Vestry shall be
convened, for the purpose of electing Members to
serve the Honorary Offices, the Members so elected
to commence their duties on the succeedin T'tf rn.

87. It shall be in the power of the Yestry (at a

meeting, at which not less than 20 members shall be

present), to elect any individual Member (JV3 Sjft)
of the congregation, provided he rent a seat in the

Synagogue, as an Honorary Member of the Vestry,

although he may not previously have been elected to
any office; in such case, notice of the proposed
election shall be inserted in the summons convening
such meeting; and a majority of three-fourths of the
Members present shall be necessary to effect such
election.

The Vestry shall, every two years,

88. elect five

members of their own body, to constitute, conjointly

with the Honorary Officers, a Building Committee.

89. The Vestry shall meet quarterly in the months

of 3K 'VN toU^ p2?m, or as near to those periods as
possible, and also whenever summoned by the Presi-
dent. At all such Meetings thirteen Members shall con-
stitute a quorum, except for charitable distributions

under bequests, when nine shall be a quorum.

90. At all Meetings of the Vestry, questions shall

be decided by a majority of the votes of those present ;
22 LAWS.

and in the event of the number

of votes being equal,
the President shall have a casting vote, in addition
to his own.

91. For the purpose of providing JTMS for the

Poor, the Vestry shall, every year, at the Meeting

held in or about the month of tDl?, determine upon a
rate to be levied upon the seats in the Synagogue,
which rate be charged in the accounts delivered
shall

in the month of D*J followin. .

92. The Vestry shall determine, from time to time,

upon such regulations as may be deemed expedient
for the medical relief of the poor.

93. The Vestry shall have the power of dismissing

any salaried officer of the congregation, at a Meeting
specially convened for that purpose.

94. All grants of salary to officers or servants of

the congregation, exceeding the sum of ten pounds

per annum, and all additions to salaries already fixed

at ten pounds per annum or upwards, can only be
decided at a Meeting of the Vestry; the notice for

convening which Meeting shall contain the specific

proposition intended to be discussed.

95. The Vestry annually, from their

shall elect

own body, at the Quarterly Meeting in the month of

pWlfr, guardians of the Funds for the relief of
Decayed Members, QOpT r\tyWfi, agreeably to the
laws of that societv.
 LAWS. 23

96. The Vestry shall elect annually, from their

own body, representatives of the congregation at the
conjoint Board of the three City Congregations.

97. The Yestry shall annually appoint two of their

own body to audit the accounts of the congregation,
in conjunction with the Auditors appointed
by the
Committee, according to Law 60.

98. The Vestry shall elect triennially, from their

own body, the Members to represent the Congrega-
tion at the Board of nt^nS?, agreeably to the laws of
that Board.

99. The Vestry shall annually elect, from their

own body, two persons to serve on the Committee of
Finance, under Law 49 and four persons to serve on
;

the Committee for the Relief of the Poor, appointed

under Law 56.

100. Whenever conjoint General Meetings shall be

required for the amendment, repeal, or enactment of
Laws, or for any other purpose, the Vestry shall
select the DTQ vj?3 to be summoned to attend such

meetings (vide Laws 130 and 2761.

AUDITORS.

101. There shall be annually appointed three

24 LAWS.

Auditors of the Accounts of the Congregation, two

to be elected by the Vestry, and one to be elected by
the Committee, according to Laws 60 and 97.

102. The Auditors shall, from time to time,

inspect the Books and investigate the Accounts of

the Congregation, and in or about the month of |VD,
examine the same, with all papers, vouchers, and
whatever other documents be needful, so that
may
the said Accounts, duly vouched by the signatures of
the said Auditors, may be presented to the Committee,
and then sent to the Vestry at its next meeting.

BUILDING COMMITTEE.

103. The Building Committee shall consist of

the Honorary Officers, for the time being, together
with five Members of the Vestry, to be elected

every two years from their own body (vide Law

104. The Building Committee shall superintend

all repairs and new erections, whether in the Syna-
gogue, or in or upon any other premises belonging
to the Congregation, in accordance with
any reso-
lutions of the Committee or Vestry of the Con-
gregation passed for that purpose, and shall report
annually, in the month of DSB?, to the Vestry,
on the state of the
Synagogue, burial grounds, and
other property under their care.
 LAWS. 25

CONJOINT BOARD.

105. There being a Conjoint Board of the three

City Congregations, for the management of affairs

relating to DTHIK (strange poor), and for other

matters, all such laws as are now in force, or may

hereafter be enacted and agreed upon by this Congre-
gation, to regulate or carry out the purposes of such
Board, shall be deemed to be Laws of this Con-
gregation.

BOARD OF DEPUTIES.

106. Five DTO 'jD, Seat-holders of the Congrega-

tion (not being in arrears in respect of their accounts),
shall be elected to act as Deputies of this Congrega-
tion at the Board of Deputies of the British Jews, so
long as tfye present constitution and regulations, as
set out in the Appendix (p. 69), shall remain in force,
or any alteration therein that may receive the sanction
of this Congregation.

TRUSTEES.

107. All real and funded property of the Congre-

gation shall be invested in the names of Trustees, to

be appointed in accordance with Law 69.
2(> LAWS.

108, Every Trust shall consist of not less than

four persons.

109. Each Trustee shall, for himself, his heirs,

executors, and administrators, sign a Declaration of

Trust, declaring that, on his ceasing to be a Member
of this Congregation, or on his going to reside
permanently abroad, or from any other cause becom-
ing incapable of acting, he will cease to be a Trustee ;

and that thereupon, immediately on being required

to do so by a resolution of the Committee, he will
transfer the property vested in him to such person or

persons as the Committee may duly appoint. The

Trustees shall have no personal control over the
funds in their names, but shall attend to the direc-
tions legally given, from tune to time, by the Com-
mittee or Vestry for the time being, whose resolutions
shall be sufficient authority to the Trustees for what

they shall do under such directions.

FUNDS.

110. The Funds of the Congregation shall be

devoted to the following purposes :

1st. The maintaining the buildings and other

properties of the Congregation in a state of

proper repair, and the making of such additions,

alterations, and new erections as may, from time
to time, be found necessary or advisable.
 LAWS. 27

2nd. The duly maintaining the services of the

Synagogues.
3rd. The payment of all officers and attendants in
the service of the Congregation, and of gifts and

pensions.
4th. The Poor of the Congregation,
assisting of the

providing them with due medical and surgical

attendance during sickness, and defraying the

expences of interment; and (in conjunction

with the other Congregations) in like manner
towards the DTHIK (strange Poor).
5th. The payment of such amount or amounts
towards defraying the expences incurred by the
Board of Deputies of British Jews, as may be
determined by the Laws of this Congregation
relating thereto, not exceeding 100 per annum.
6th. To any special purpose on which the Committee
or Vestry shall resolve, in accordance with the

following Law.

111. The ordinary expenditure of the Funds of the

Congregation shall be under the direction and control
of the Committee ; but no larger sum than 200 in
the aggregate in any one year shall be expended for

any purposes, without the concurrence of the Vestry ;

and for the purpose of individual charity, no larger
sum than 50 in the aggregate shall be expended for
any one purpose without the concurrence of the
Vestry ; and the like sanction shall be required for
the expenditure of more than 25 in one sum for
28 LAWS.

any purpose not here enumerated. But any grant

towards the funds, or in aid of any charitable or
educational institution, must be previously recom-
mended by the Committee, and due notice of the
amount of the proposed grant must be inserted in the
summonses convening the Committee, and also in
those convening the Vestry.

BEQUESTS.

112. The Committee, or Vestry, or Honorary

Officers, as the case may be, shall duly distribute,
according to the will of the Testator, any funds of
which they may have accepted the management.

SEATS.

113. Every male belonging to the Congregation,

being of the age of 21 years or upwards, must pay

for a seat in the Synagogue, unless he declare himself
deficient of means so to do.

114. Every married Seat-holder shall engage a seat

for his wife, in the gallery of the Synagogue.

115. Any unmarried son of a JY2 7^3, or Seat-

holder, may be allowed a seat at less than the fixed

price ;
the rate to be fixed by the Committee for the
time being.
 LAWS. 29

116. No
married woman, whose husband is living,
shall hold a seat in the Synagogue, unless her husband

is also at the same time a Seat-holder, except by

special permission of the Committee; but widows
may be Seat-holders.

117. Seat-holder being more than twelve

Any
months in arrear in his accounts, shall receive notice
pay such arrears within three calendar
in writing to
months thereafter; and in the event of continued
default,such party shall receive a second like notice to

pay such arrears within three calendar months there-

after; and in case such further notice shall prove

unavailing, the seat of such defaulter shall be liable to

be forfeited, at the discretion of the Committee ; but
such forfeiture shall not relieve the defaulting party
from the payment of such arrears.

LEGACIES AND DONATIONS.

118. All legacies, except those bequeathed for

special purposes, shall constitute a distinct fund,
called the Legacy Trust Fund, the interest of which

only shall be available for the general purposes of the

Congregation.

119. All donations for the repairs of the Syna-

gogue shall constitute a distinct fund, to accumulate

at compound interest ;
such accumulated fund, or
 30 LAWS.

any part thereof, to be available from time to time as

occasion may arise.

MEETINGS.

120. All meetings, either of the Vestry, or the

Committee, shall be convened by the order of the

President, on such days and hours as he shall think
proper; the summonses for which shall be issued,
except in special cases, at least one week prior to
each meeting. .

Hu
*" f
( uL
r
c] Lfc^
t
'

ff (^fr^jir |
i

12IXA11 questions be decided by show of

shall

hands, unifies a, divioion bo domnmkd. VotinV by

proxy shall n*t be allowed.

122. In the eve\t of the votes bein^equal, the

urman shall have\the casting vote in" addition
to hisvown.
rA-f

123. Th^Secretary must attend, and take minutes

in a rough mumte-book appropriated for that purpose,
of all the transactions of each meeting, which
minutes must be\countersigned by the Chairman
of the meeting, wiflain forty-eight hours from the
time of its adjournmen

124. All resolutions passed at one meeting, must

be confirmed at the ^ext; but any /iieasure which
V
 LAWS* 31

shall have been expressed in the summonses convening

a meeting, as the subject for consideration thereat, if

adopted without alteration or amendment, shall not

require confirmation. /
"'

125. In the\ibsence
<.**. **/*
of the President from any

meeting, the chair&i^all be taken by the next senior

Honorary Officer presen^in the absence of all the
Honorary Officers, the chairNshall be taken by the
next senior member on the rota."

126. Any oe-ven DTO v>tty bring Seat-holders-may,

by requisition in writing, stating the subject to be ^

considered, require the President to convene a meeting
of the Committee or^&Fyfor any special purpose,

and such meeting shall be convened by the President

within seven days from the receipt of the requisition.

127. In case the President shall, from any cause

whatsoever, fail to convene the Monthly or Quarterly

Meetings, or shall fail to convene the meeting speci-
fied in Law 126, on or before the 15th of the month,
the duty shall devolve in succession on the other
Wardens, Treasurer, and Overseer. Should, how-
ever, these meetings not be called by any of the
aforesaid Officers, it shall then be in the power of
any two of the seven Elders to convene the same ;

and all persons so summoned shall be liS^ble

to be
fined for
non^tendance, as ir^uch respective meetings
had been regulVly called by th\ President.
32 LAWS.

128. In the event ol any such meeting not being

duly convened by the prctoer authorities, it shall be in

the power of any fourteen DTO
vJD, being Seat-
holders, to require the Secretary to convene such

meeting, who shall do so withi\seven days after the

^
receipt of such requisition.

129. The President have the power, on any

shall

urgent occasion^Vp convene meetings of the Com-

mittee and Vestry, \dthout the formality required by
Law 120.

130. Conjoint meetings of the Vestry and forty-

two DTO 'hyi, shall be\summoned when required by
Law 276; on such occasions, the nomination list of
DTO vJD (being Seat-holders, and not more than
twelve months in arrear in \ayment of their accounts)
to attend such meeting, shalKbe made at a previous

meeting of the Vestry, by a majority of votes.

131. Meetings ofXthe Honorary Officers shall

occasionally be held to hear any disputes which may

be referred to them, in oro^r to endeavour to adjust
the same so as to avoid litigation.

132. At meetings, of whatever kind, provided

all

that the due numberNconstituting a quorum shall

have been present at the Commencement of business,
the proceedings shall be considered valid, so long as
two-thirds of that number continue present.
 LAWS. 33

ELECTION OF HONORARY OFFICERS.

ELIGIBILITY FOR OFFICES AND FINES.

133. All Elections for Honorary Offices shall be by

ballot by the Vestry and in the event of an equality
;

of votes, the President shall have the casting vote, in

addition to his own.

134. The election shall be in rotation, as follows :

1st. Overseer.
2nd. Treasurer.
v 3rd. Four Wardens.
\ > 4th. Seven Elders.

/M 5th. Two
Treasurers of the Burial Society.
6th. The Committee of the Burial Society.

135. The Overseer and Treasurer shall be elected

Ar from a list
duly prepared for the purpose, agreeably
V to Law 61.
^

136. The Wardens shall be elected from amongst

all persons who have
served or paid fine for either of
the two offices of Overseer or Treasurer.

137. The seven Elders shall be elected from

amongst all of the Vestry, who have served
members
or paid fine for either of the offices of Overseer,

Treasurer, or Warden.
D
34 LAWS.

138. The two Treasurers of the Burial Society

shall be elected from amongst all persons who shall
have previously paid fine for or served as Members of
the Committee of the said Society.

139. The Committee of the Burial Society shall be

elected from the DTD vj?2, being Seat-holders.

140. In all cases, when the person

elected to any

Honorary Office declines to accept the same, a new

election shall take place; but in no case any one
shall

be considered as elected, unless he shall have seven

votes in his favor.

141. QTQ *7JD, being Seat-holders, shall be eligible

to be elected to Honorary manner, and
Offices, in the

according to the laws enacted for such purposes; but

all persons above
seventy years of age shall be
exempt from fine on their refusal to serve any office.

142. On
the election of any Member to an Hono-

rary Office, a letter announcing the same shall be

immediately forwarded to him by the Secretary; and
in the event of forty-eight hours having elapsed without

any reply having been returned, the Member so

elected shall be deemed to have declined serving the

office, and be fined accordingly, unless it be proved to

the satisfaction of the Wardens that the person so
elected was out of the United Kingdom at the time
of such election.
 LAWS. 35

143. The fine for the refusal to serve

Honorary
Offices shall be as follows :

Overseer . . . .25 Guinea?.

Treasurer . . . . 30
Warden . . . . 40
Elder 5
Treasurer of the Burial Society 10
Member of the Committee of
the Burial Society . 2

144. Any Member having paid fine, or served

either the office of Overseer or Treasurer, shall not

again be liable to be fined for the non-acceptance of

either of those two offices.

145. Any Member having paid fine for the office

of Warden shall, if again elected within five years, be

exempt from on refusal to serve; and any Mem-
fine

ber having served the office, shall be exempt from

fine on refusal to serve, if again elected within seven

years from the date of his retirement.

146. Any Member having served as one of the

Elders,, for one year, shall be exempt from fine on
refusal to serve, if immediately re-elected.

147. Any Member having accepted an Honorary

Office, who shall relinquish the same before the

expiration of his year of office, shall pay double the

amount of the accustomed fine.
36 LAWS.

148. In the event of any Member holding an

Honorary Office being re-elected and declining to
serve, and other Members being consequently in due
course elected to the same office, and declining to

serve, each such newly elected Member shall pay fine

according to Law
143, notwithstanding that the then
existing Honorary Officer, or any such newly elected
Member, may subsequently consent to accept office.

149. The office of Wardei Treasurer, and Over-

seer, shall not be held cont mporaneously by Mem-
bers related to each other, as follows father and son,:

brothers, father-in-law and s(Jn-in-law.

1 50. Any Member of the Vestry who shall become

a salaried officer of the Congregation, (excepting
medical and legal officers,) shall
bj^"
considered as

having his rights as a Member or the Board sus-

pended during the period of such service. In the

same manner, any Member of the Board receiving
from the funds of the Congregation, shall be
!"Op
considered as having his rights as a Member of the
Board suspended during the period of his receiving
such relief.

/
151. In the event of a vacancy occurring in any of
the Honorary Offices, during the year of service, such

vacancy shall be filled up by election, within one month

thereafter, unless the Committee shall otherwise deter-
mine ;
the Member elected shall hold office
during the
 LAWS. :>7

remainder of the year only, but such period of service

shall be considered equivalent to a
year. In the event
of refusal to serve office on such election, the same
fine shall be incurred as on
ordinary elections.

CHIEF RABBI.

152. The Chief Rabbi shall regulate the Order of

Service, and superintend all religious observances in
the Synagogue.

153. The Chief RaM>i shall determine all

litigious
questions submitted tovrim by any Member \f the

Congregation.

^x
154. The skief Rabbi shall preach T& Sermon in
the Synagogue lb Sl^H rDB> and and
miB^DG?,
on such other daysVs shall be in conformityS^ith the

arrangements agreec\upon by the uniting ]\ndon

Congregations.

155. The Chief Rkbbi shall preach a Sermon on

^N. X X
special occasions, whenVrequested BK the Wardens,
and alsos^yhenever he may^hink propei\\

156. The Chief Rabbi perform the marriage

shall

ceremony for any JY3 SjD or Seat-holder of the Con-

gregation, on payment of a fee of one guinea, the
authority of the President having been previously
,, LAWS.

obtained; but he shall not be required to go beyond

the limits of the metropolis for such purpose.

157. If on any occasion the Chief Rabbi should

doubt the chastity of the bride, or the character of
the bridegroom, he shall cause inquiry to be made ;

and if it shall appear to him that there is good reason

for such doubt, he shall not be required to perform
the ceremony of marriage, but the same shall be
solemnized by the WfoW (Clerk), on obtaining the

special sanction of the President and the Chief Rabbi,

agreeably to Law 158.

158. The special permission of the Chief Rabbi,

and the sanction of the President of the Congregation,
shall be required to authorize any person to perform

the ceremony of marriage.

w
159. It shall not be lawful for the Chief Rabbi to

pronounce *"n3 or D^H (excommunication) against

any Member ofYjiie Conoreo-ation, nor (without the
Qi^^t^V^
consent of the Committee) to deprive any Member of
his religious rights in the Synagogue.

160. It is the duty of the Chief Rabbi to regulate

and superintend (Divorce) and fT^n.
tDJ The fees
for such ceremonials are to be regulated according to
the circumstances of the parties; but if they be

poor, and the obliged to defray the

Synagogue
expences of the "ISID (Scribe) and the witnesses, the,
 LAWS. 39

Chief Rabbi must forego his fees. Notice of all such

cases must be previously transmitted to the President,
for his concurrence.

/ 161. In case the Chief Rabbi should think fit fo

onfer the degree of ^DH or iyfi on any Member of
the Congregation, it is
expedient that he obtain the
concurrence of the Wardens thereto.

162. All articles of food, etc., imported with

(voucher of correctness) must be authenticated

by the signature of the Chief Rabbi, in order to
< sanction their use; and for every such certificate he
shall be entitled to a -fee of five shillings.

163. All matters referring to the office of Chief

Rabbi, not included in the Laws of the Congregation,

shall be in accordance with the general regulations of
the Conjoint Board, called " The Committee relating
to the Office of Chief Rabbi."

// 164. The
regulation and superintendence of J'tD*J
f 'la and rWyll, shall be under the direction of the Chief
7 Rabbi.

READERS AND CLERKS.

165. The D^tn must afe^aH- times be present in the

Synagogue, in their
clerical costume, previously to
the commencement of prayer.
 40 LAWS.

166. Neither of the D'JTPl shall absent himself from

the performance of his duty, unless by the permission of
the presiding Warden, except he be prevented attend-

ing by illness, of which due information shall be

>

given to his colleague. Shiiuid^4i%-XeptJfrei-uch

t.Jwra4fp-hp s>mll pay pnrji finp us. the

prpsjrliricr
Wnrrlrm ah nil ^r.tr.uuiin^ and in the event
of frequent or continued absence from the Synagogue
without sufficient cause, shall be subject to Law 83.

167. The D'Stn and WW shall attend at the solem-

nization of all marriages, except those provided for in

Law 157, in such rotation as may be regulated from
time to time by the Committee, due regm-cW^ing had
toxhe vested rights o the present D^TP! and *^ of
the Grefct^Synagogue, Ditfee's rlace (vide Laws r@9

A
168. On all occasions when the D^TH and
shall attend
marriages, they shall- appear in their
clerical costume.

1G9. The D'JTH shall be present, if required, at

Marriage Festivals, in order to say ffi^n-fftyp and
In the event of more than one marriage

oc|currinff on the same day, one of the^jr shall (if

required! attend at each, the priority being given to

DTI 3 v^3, according to their seniority. n Ay
o his duty shajl subject the \egleddng party
^V^ ^^^.i ^^t~ ^^. r^X. ^V
nne\to be^fcetermiS^d by\{ie Conirnitt^e.
 LAWS. 41

170. One of the D'3TH (if required) shall be present

at the rh^ mi of the son of a TO
SjD, in "such
rotation as arranged by the Warden President.

171. One or more of the D*3TH shall attend in

clerical costume the funeral of all

persons having
from time to time
ppnpn nptn, as may be regulated
,,/by the Committee. If, however, the funeral shall take
Jut** x"-7
hour of the performance
at a time near to the
t-
t l^ place
*
of Service in the Synagogue, one of them shall
attend in each Synagogue, for the purpose of officiating
thereat.

172. The DMTH shall be exofficio D^fcNJ (accredited

Officers) of the Congregation.

173. The order and rotation in which the

shall perform Divine Service in the Synagogue, shall /_

be, from time to time, regulated by the Uommittce. /"

S*
174. TheT-agHP shall prepare the min *1SD, the

vestments, and ornaments, and everything else requi-

site for the performance of the Service in the Syna-

/
175. The W&W shall attend strictly to the observance
of all theLaws and Regulations as established for
the Congregation, and shall remind the Officers

thereof, as occasion may require. He shall also give

due notice to the Presiding Honorary Officer of the

1-2 LAWS.

order of the day, and of^all matters requiring attention,

and\shall declare all
offerings
made in r^e Syna-
gogue\and make such annofcm cements as s\all be
directed y the Presiding Warden,
X
176. The ?ibttf shall collect immediately <dl offerings
made on week-da^, and pay over weekly the^mount
received to the Treasurer.

177. The ^ftB^shall be ex a (accredited

officio pao
Officer) of the Congregation if so appointed by the
Committee.

178. The D'JTPl shall mutually officiate for each

other in case of need.

179. In the event of any youth who is

reading a PlHjD, the Ktlp 7^2, or any other person

appointed to read the min shall stand next to him
during the reading of the PlBHS, and the boy must
attend at the Synagogue on the Thursday previous,
that it
may be ascertained if he be competent to read
the

180. The or any other person appointed

K^lp 7^3,
to read the rT"nn, shall attend in the Synagogue on
the day prior to every Sabbath and Holiday, for the

purpose of rehearsing the portion to be read and he ;

shall carefully take note of any error that may be in

the manuscript, with a view to its correction. If he

 LAWS. 43

omit toperform this duty, he-^all pay a fine of not

less thai^en shillings, nor more skan twenty shillings,

for every such omission.

SECRETARY.

181. AnysSecretary to be l^reafter elected\hall

reside withm\he distance of hatf-a-mile from
Gre\ SynagogueK and shall regulaidy attend th
Synagogue Service, a*Kl shall be a
Officer) cXthe Congregation.

182. The Secretary shall keep the accounts of the

Congregation; he shall take charge of all books,
documents, and other matters entrusted to his care.
He shall not show the same, to any one. except x
to a
Lkrij-4 fT-vn0~-t,Vl.~ue.- f<~
fotr-*-^.
Member of tiie vestry, wimout^ direct order from
the President. He shall issue all summonses for
convening Meetings, conduct all correspondence in
the manner directed, be present at all Meetings, and

perform all duties generally appertaining to the office

of Secretary.

183. The Secretary shall keep correct registers of

all Births, Marriages, "Upnthn, nitrl "Mnriiiln occurring
in the Congregation,
(jle shall also register
all
j^^
and niX^H, performed by or under the sanction of
the Chief RabbTl

184. The Secretary shall be the Registrar of Mar-

44 LAWS.

riages for the Congregation; he shall attend the

marriage, attest the marriage contract (roiro), and
make the returns required by law.

185.The Secretary shall be entitled to the follow-

ing fees, which must be paid by the parties by whom
the various certificates, registries, &c., herein set
forth may be required :

s. d.

From evftrv person admitted a 7V1 Ttyispf

x \. \
the
Conjugation .\ . .
\ 2 6
For Registermg a Birth . . .10
For Certificate of Birth . . .26
For Certificate of
Marriage . . .26
For Registering Death and Burial . .16
Kor Certificate of De^srth and Burial v x2 <3

For >Certifi&toe
<
of ftj >v \ >2\6
X x X \ ^IS V
For ReHjster of^^n .
\.
^V \ >
.
\
But the President shall have the power, on applica-
tion, to order certificates,
o^4k&^negi*teaUon -ef birtl^s
or deaths, without the payment of the usual fees for
such certificates or registrations; Q should the

applicant be in receipt-of any poftioh of the chari*

funds nfjthp. Congi egartien7-iTDr'fees shall be
!

186. The Secretary shall keep a book for the

entry of duplicate JTQirD, which, previously to the
performance of the ceremony, shallJbe signed by the
same parties who sign the
 LAWS. 45

187. ltal^^^^^?^-3ffl3T5feB5g= e!*set,

:
the
mr\ ^1SI?j awl all 04er effects belonging to or in the

care of the Congregation, shall be in the charge of the

Secretary, for Avhich he shall be resppnsible.

188. The Secretary an Inventory of

shall prepare

all the property of the Congregation, and deliver the

*-&+***** &fKB,*~*&Se*p
same to the JLseasarer, ana receive the same trom
him, in accordance with Law 42.

189. The Secretary shall find and keep up sureties,

to the satisfaction of the Committee, to the amount of
not less than five hundred pounds.

COLLECTOR.

190. The the moneys due

Collector shall collect all

to the Congregation, according to the direction of the

treasurer or Secretary, and make a monthly return

to the Committee of the same.

191. The Collector shall pay into the hands of the

Bankers of the Congregation, all moneys received by
him, whenever the same shall amount to twenty
pounds or upwards; and thereupon he shall notify
every such payment to the Secretary.

192. The Collator shall receive such commission

for the his duties as the Committee
performancVpf
may determine.
 46 LAWS.

193. The Collector shall find and 'keep up sureties,

to the satisfaction of the Committee, to the amount of
not lessthan two hundred pounds, and not exceeding
fivo 'hundred pounds.

BEADLE.

194. The Beadleopen and close the Syna-

shall

gogue in due time every morning and evening, and

remain there during service, and on every other
occasion required; and when the premises are closed,
he shall deliver the keys to the care of the resident
officer.
^
/ 195. The Beadle shall superintend the cleaning of
the Synagogue, and take care that the seats, and all

5 / brass and other furniture, be kept in proper order.

196. The Beadle shall keep a correct list of tHg

names of Members, and children of Members
all

.f entitled to say and shall affix such list in the

fcJ'Hp,

Synagogue, so as to shew the order of priority, and

superintend the same, according to law.

197. The Beadle shall attend at allVcstoy and

EJommitUrc Meetings, and on all occasions connected
with the business of the Congregation, as he may be
directed.
 LAWS. 47

GENERAL LAWS RESPECTING THE

SYNAGOGUE OFFICERS.
198. $he Salaries of all persons in
the Synagogue

199. All Salaried Officers in the service of the

Synagogue, eiaoopt the Medical and Legal Officers,

shall be exempted from all taxes or charges for seats ;

--' and if
they be possessed of nSflpn HpTPl, they shall
/.retain allthe rights of DTO vJD? but shall not be
y
allowed to vote on any occasion whilst holding office.

200. Any Salaried Officer desiring leave of absence

can only obtain the same by the permission of the
Warden.

201. No pfcO
of the Congregation shall be engaged
in trade or business.

ELECTION OF SALARIED OFFICERS.

*
t l I*'
202. Whenever
a vacancy shall occur in any office

(excepting that of Chief Rabbi), the salary of which

is ten pounds per annum, or
upwards, a proclamation
"
ffi shftH be made in the Synagogue, on a Sabbath,
declaring the nature of the vacant office, the required
qualifications of the candidates, and the time appointed
 48 LAWS.

for receiving applications from persons wishing to

become candidates. A notice thereof shall likewise
be affixed on the front of the Synagogue.

203. the day of election, a list of DTD '

On
entitled to vote shall be placed before the President.

204. All arrears of accounts must be paid pre-

viously to voting.

205. All elections for Salaried Officers shall be by

Ballot, and Proxies shall not be allowed.

SERVICE OF THE SYNAGOGUE.

206. The superintendence of order, and the govern-

ment of the Synagogue, -0** uf any IHUIIL!I llii'iuuf

(excepting in ecclesiastical^ matters), shall, during

Service, be vested in the President, or, in his absence,
in oithop of the other Warden| ;
out if none of these
. officers be presenty duty .sjmlldevolve
tlikS^
/(m^
"* the "
Troftatrrt
_
Qn. i'ji.ur. any -pii&t_JKofterary
i .
J / 1.
/ '

thorMninbrr nf thr Yntry, according

to seniority; and, in the absence of all such persons,

shall devolve upon the senior IY3 7^!3 present, who,

for the time being, shall be invested with all the

authority of the President provided always, that ;

such past Honorary Officer, >kMJBiuf UIL VTILM^,

j,
shall only be entitled to such right in the

Synagogue wherein he holds a seat.

 LAWS. 49

207. No one shall be allowed to perform the

Service in the Synagogue, except the accredited
officers -of the Congregation, or persons specially
ippomid by the Committee for that purpose.

208. All Proclamations connected with religious

rviee or observances, shall be in the terms directed

'by the* Chief Rabbi, and must be sanctioned by the

President previously to being issued.

209. The President for the time being shall have

the power of presenting a ni to any visitor, pro-
vided it do not interfere with the
rights of a Member
or Seat-holder, being a

2 1 0. tyrQ *Spa may be permitted to read

on the following occasions On I^XTIN'
: or when
being 7^K for a parent,

given to a Member having

211. On ran roy^in, seven mm ^SD shall be

taken out of the Ark for the
WSp!"l,
which shall be

presented in the following order (the President

taking

The Warden^

The min jnn and jnn nwa

nTYi^pr accord-
The Pfl5t= r i^jt?^^^
i;
;
 50 LAWS.

212. On min nnW, seven Q'lSD shall be taken

out of the Ark for the fllSDH, and presented by the
in the following order :

JTH Reader, o
prV3 3K mn Chief Rabbi, ^ /"*#
The min jnn
and the TWK13 pH, \
Tha Honorary Officers in rotation, and
othe* Members, according to seniority.

213. The Presiding snail take pD on every occa-

sion, when the same does not devolve by right on any
other JV3

214. A
JV^SjD, whose son becomes niD 13, shall
be entitled to pD; should the m
13 be an orphan,
s- his nearest relation, being a JY3 7JD, shall be entitled
to the same right.
o

215. On
the Sabbath previously, and subsequently
to the celebration of any marriage, the same privi-

leges shall appertain to the father of the bride or

Y bridegroom respectively, or to the nearest relation of
a JV3

216. Should several of the cases named in

Laws 214 and 215. occur on the same (1Sabbath,
n* f
the right of &c., shall be daeidei^jysidt a
pD, ;

parent, however, shall always have the preference;

 LAWS. 51

and in similar cases the Officers shall have

Honorary
the right of priority.

217. On ft& gy ^Ey, after thereading of the Law,

before n^, a
^w shall be made in the
Syna-
gogue, proclaiming the names of all the Honorary
Officers elected for the ensuing
o vear.
*

218. On TIM DV, and on

i
Y nJnfc, the prayer
*
of
DWl tibfc *?K shall be said, and a general man,
without names, shall be made for all persons who
have bequeathed money or other property to the
Synagogue.

219. On TlSD DV Sv preceding the evening service,

and on the seventh night of HD3, the night of JVfiQ? ^fcW
and the first night of niJTD8? (except when such shall
occur on Saturday evening), immediately after the
afternoon service (nro/b rbsn) the list shall be read
of the names of all persons who have bequeathed the
sum of ten pounds or upwards to the Synagogue;
-4in-d alpo the uju^l *0 Jull be made for all.
yny
Should, however, JYiyQty happen on n^^, the
3^
same course shall be adopted on the second evening
of niV'DfcJ'j before the commencement of the evening
service. .?

220. A special "pS^ ^ may be made for a

(praying for the recovery of the sick), or *|Tf nnSxn?

52 LAWS.

(praying^br the safety of any person travelling), and

niD^J mill IVL (in
v
remembrance of
dead), mayme
\
also be made\ each of these must be accompanied by
*
an offering.

22 1 . All AI >*1
Legacies of ten pounds or
^pr>|ifltinrn

upwards shall be declared in the Viafiff *fe or the man,

which are made at the appointed times (vide Law
219) and such Donations and Legacies, after having
;

been received, shall be inscribed on the tablets

appropriated thereto in the Synagogue.

222. Any Member may direct the announcement

in theSynagogue oVthe birth of a male child "Of, in
the customary manner.

223. Any Friday evening, when D^lX are in

attendance, their presence shall, with the sanction of

the Presiding Warden, be announced, and they shall
be received at the entrance of the Synagogue by the
Chief Rabbi and the Synagogue officers.

CALLING OF PERSONS TO THE

READING OF THE LAW.

224. The general order of persons to be called to

the Reading of the Law, shall be
arranged as follows :

The Wardens shall direct the formation of a list of

 LAWS. 53

vJD an d Seat-holders, who are to be invited

in rotation according to seniority, in
^lpS
the order laid down in Law
226, commencing on
Ptffcyn fc^N*! and proceeding with the Members on the

list until MDS, when the order shall begin anew, and / ,

shall continue until the end of the list of VJtepiin, /

after which it shall be resumed where previously left

off with QTD "hi and Seat-holders.

225. The Secretary shall forward a notice to each

person, apprising him of the day fixed for his being

Reading of the Law, and rF-n o a n s wer
called to the ,.-,

be^oayed, and the party fail to attend at the ap-

pall Him,, Li dull bu fiuul Lwe-gtt4aeas
226. The order of priority in mifin (being
JWlp
called to the Law) is as follows :

1st. The Chief Rabbi. /^

2nd. Wardens. -^ &* .

3rd.
4th.

5th. Members of the Vestry ^who have passed"

above offices Recording to-tbf. fluid ordpr.

7th. Members of the Vestry who have not served

or paid fine for any of the above offices.
8th. DTD ^JD according to the registered seniority.
9th. Seat-holders according to the registered
seniority.
54 LAWS.

227. A
boy on being niE 13, and his father or
nearest relation the husband of a woman returning
;

thanks after child-birth, are persons whose duty it is

to be called to the Reading of the Law (rninn

JWip) ;

as likewise every person on the day of D"VW, or

when bound to return thanks on recovery from
sickness, or escaping from danger.

228. A bridegroom is a 2Vn on the ft38? previous,

and on the rofc? subsequent to his marriage.

229. X bridegroom, or the husband of a woman

returning>thanks after child-birth\who shall fail to
attend on nSi? morning to be calledVto the Reading
of the Law,\vhen he is consideredVi 3Vn, or the
parent who doe\ not cause his son toVittend to be
called to the Reading of the Law when n\ ^3, shall

pay a fine, to be\ levied at the discretion of the

Wardens, but whichXshall not, in any case^ exceed

the sum of five pounds.

230. D^VH
have no special claim to be called to
the Reading of the Law on the following days, viz.:

"a DVI /

231. person being a iVH on any fftW, shall

Any
give notice thereof to the Secretary on or before the
Thursday previously, who shall communicate the same
to the President, together with the statement of
 LAWS. 55

the arrears, any, which may be due from the per-

if

/son ;
and should such arrears have been due twelve
} /months or more, the President shall decide whether,
'
v

91* upon
what terms, such person may be permitted to
enjoy his rights as a SVPI. Should any such person
4

^a^nd to be called to the Reaarsg of the Law, or

1 have\, *r}& ifc announced
any otneX^vnagogue, or
in

'at any pW (Private Prayer Meeting), heNi^ill pay a

penalty ofHen pounds.

232. The Chief Rabbi is a SVH on the following

days, viz. the rQ{? previous to every n""1 /PIJB71

the first day JYiyDBn HD3 and also on

pin ra&n .nn^n nn^

of the
233. Any person being called^o the Reading
Law, and Infusing to attend, shall quit the
or^ho
reading-des\ before the W1S shalXhave been read,
shall be tinVl according to the of the
excretion
Wardens, in aay sum not exceeding n\e pounds.

234. Whoever is called to theReading of t>J^ Law

must make some \ffering to the funds of theX)on*

gregation.

235. Any individual called to the Reading of the

Law, is only permitted to make <je

*pn&>(in addition
to the special offerings to the acknowledged Charities) ;
 LAWS.

KI "rh /myn
rn ennn r-n yf TTK mn
\ \
n but no other name c\n be mentioneo,
7HpCT,
except the iiKme of a mSv '|nn /n?D or nSin. It is,

however, imperative that the Chief Rabbi and Hono-

rary Officers be i^entioned.

236. On D'SjniJ D^
Bachelors, under 40 years of
1

age are not eligib^ to be called to the Reding of the

Law. /

237. The conclusion of the

*p^J> *>ti shall comprise
offerings to njy&?ft o"Dn"3 iipn 1
1
*Bman JTDI rrrin TID^TI
tt? f/lM^W r/Av_-

238. Any person shall '"'fre

permitted to make
offerings by means of a "p^ *fc, without being called
to the Reading of the Law, which shall be declared
before

239. The order of ^presentation of niD shall be

similar to the order for'Wn HS^IexeelrgsT

t.nlrn.tliQ wnc iu the ' ordinary

e (fao*'fa/I /j

RESPEOTINO
/
B"ip.

240,- The person saying shall stand in the

fc^Hp
accustomed place near the POTl.

;.iX/
-y
r- jy -j
 LAWS. -57

241. Any Member during JTlS^N (the thirty days

of shall be emptied to one each
mourning) fcnp PlSsn
day.

242. If such person be Vn 7^3, or Seat-holder, he

is entitled to D^Hp WP1 TIP1 PlSsn.

M TIN'
243. Any (the anniversary of
1

stranger on\{p
a parent's death) shall be entitled to one after
t?Hp
D vHH or 'llfcTD, but Seat-hoicks shall have the prefer-
ence on such occasions.

244. In case the number

of persons having equal

rights shall exceed the nunHjer of of that day,

D^Hp
the preference shall be decide\ by 7"V).!l (lot), which
shall be drawn by the Clerk.

245. DTQ '7JD have equfcd rights with respect to

whether they be Seat-hosiers or not.
B^lp

246. A JVl Sp, or a Seat-holder, on the day of

D^VTIKS shall be entitled K) the following

viz. va^ nonsi wri T^ >rbsn /t

M VI^
247. In the event of tD occurring on the
^L

same day to a 7V1 7^3, and a Sea^holder, the M'3 7^^

shall have the preference to the
fir9^ n/SJT?
and ^H
^:^ none.

248. Sons of DTl!! v^ who ae themselves Seat-

 58 LAWS.

holders, shall be considered with regard to^^ip the

same aXBTO vJD but il they be not Seat-nbiders,
;

x
they shaX with references^ ^"Tp, be ranked as
Seat-holders\

jnrn min jnn.

249. At a Special Meeting of the Vestry, to be

held in or about the latter part of the month of Elul,

eight, persons shall be chosen by ballot, from a list of

Seat-holders as have not served or paid fine for
the office of
~
mm fnn and n^Nia |nn; and of such
persons, the four having the highest number of votes
shall be declared duly elected to the offices of
^-^
mUl |nn rWK*a jnn,
and two to
officiate the in
Great Synagogue, and two in the Branch Synagogue,
the senior Members being rniH ^HPf, and the junior
Members being JV^N^O \3nn. In the event of one or
more of such four persons declining to fill the office,
the next in rotation having the highest number of
votes shall be deemed duly elected, and the names of
the persons accepting such offices shall be announced
in the Synagogue on the first
day of the Feast of
Tabernacles.

250. Every
pet^pn declining to serve either of
those offices shall paV a fine of five guineas.

251* In the event of so many persons declining to

 LAWS. 59

serve as to leave any of those offices vacant, it shall

be the duty of the Honorary Officers personally to
such vacancies, reckoning by seniority; and aisum
fill

of five guineas shall be allowed to each Honorary

Officer so ofiVdating, towards defraying the expenses
he must there\y necessarily incur.

252. Any person appointed mm jnn,

or

n^fcTD, who may wish to decline accepting such

office for that year, bu\ who shall express in
writing
his willingness to take flhe office in the subsequent

year, shall be considered a appointed for that period ;

should he, however, afterwVrds decline or neglect to
officiate, he shall be subject to double the original
fine.

253. The mm jnnn^JOS pPl must attend

and
in the Synagogue, which
for they are chosen to be
called to the Reading of the Law, on mm
nnfiJ? and
n*8PK"n f\2&, an d shall be seated with the Honorary
so chosen, and not attending as
Officers.
A\^y one
aforesaid, shalKbe subject to a fine of twenty-five

guineas.

254. On mm nrW, the mm jmahall be entitled

to \D& rh'h), and the nWtt jnn to
w jiBf*n
ISD^ n^7\and on n^K*a n^^, the iW&ra jnn
shall be and the\Jin
entitledt^nD^DHI HNVIH,
to
60 LAWS.

255. At the Procession on n'J>1 !"Q*1 SOy&J>in, a

min *I3D shall be borne by the mifi
[HH,
and one also
by the n^^iD inn.

PRIVATE MEETINGS FOR PRAYERS.

256. On nteO DV and pOBTl BW, no Member of

the Congregation shall be allowed to hold, or to
attend within theynetropolis, a meeting of ten or
more persons (|JD )Yor prayers, unless sanctioned by
the Committee, whiclksanction shall even be required
in cases of sickness. Atoy person violating this Law
shall be fined ten pounds.

257. At any private meeting (pD) for prayers, no

person whatever who JTPy? !lVn under Laws
isSn-fllT?

227 and 228, shall be called to the Law, nor shall

any offering be made on nis behalf. Any violation
of this Law subject tot party offending to a
shall

penalty not exceeding five pouncta to be levied at the

discretion of the Wardens.

258. No
prayer, witli offerings for the recovery of
the sick, or in memory orSthe dead HWJ
mDTH, shall
be permitted at any privat\PJD, under a penalty not
exceeding five pounds, atVhe discretion of the
Wardens. N

259. Any Member who shu^ offend against any of

 LAWS. 61

the foregoing \aws relating to either by attend-

pfi,
to be held at his house, or
ing or allowing \uch p
by letting or lendn^g any apartment or seats for such

purpose, shall, for each time that prayers are read

therein, be fined a surn not exceeding ten pounds;
and should the party SON.
offending be incapable of
paying such fine or fines,\he shall be liable to be
deprived, at the discretion ot\the Committee for the
time being, of the receipt of any benefits from the
funds of the Congregation.

MARRIAGE.

260. The written authorization of the Chief Rabbi

must be obtained for the solemnization of every mar-
by one of the persons intending to contract the
riage,
same such written authorization, and also Registrar's
;

Certificate of Notice (except in the case of a License),

must be left with the Secretary at least one week pre-
viously to the intended celebration of the Marriage.

261. The permission of the Warden President shall

be obtained previously to the celebration of any

marriage ceremony.

262. All arrears due from any person intending to

marry, shall be settled to the satisfaction of the

President, previously to the celebration of the mar-
riage.
62 LAWS.

263. Every person not a JVi SjJ-3 shall pay for

Pttinn n-lfcJH (Marriage License), unless he shall have

occupied and paid for a seat jtfrth'e Synagogue for

one year next preceding the application for such
license. The charge for every such PiiinPl WKH shall
be fixed by the Warden President.

264. The payment of two pounds shall be required

for the solemnization of marriage ;
but if the parties
wish the marriage to take place at the Synagogue,
no charge shall be made, except .the fees under
Law 266.

265. No oire shall be allowedsto perform th^ Mar-

riage Ceremony\nthout the/speciM^ermission of the

Chief Rabbi and trhs sanction of the Pfc^sident.

/
266. Arty person performing the Marriage Cere-

mony, without having previously received the per-

mission of sucn\authorities, and also the witnesses

certifying the rQTJU (Marriage Contract), shall be

subject to such fine aVthe Committee may determine.

267. The following fee\ shall be payable on the

solemnization 07 a Marriage :-

The Chief Rabbi

-
First Reader .

Secretary
Clerk -
 LAWS. 63

Beadle, fonwine and

Writing
Registration^

268. All fees shall be collected previously to the

solemnization of the Marriage.

BURIALS.

269. DTQ vJD, their Wives, and unmarried Children,

shallhave the right to be buried in that part of
the Burial Grounck belonging to the Congregation,
reserved for the interment of DTD vJDj without any
charge for such gr.ouna* but all persons not being
D^Hl ^7JD, shall be buried in the part allotted to
Seat-holders, for which such\ee shall be paid as shall
be determined by the President

270. In the event of any person, not being a

IV1 SjD, departing this life,\whose friends shall be
desirous to have him or her irVterred in the ground
reserved for DTQ ^7jD, the Qtfmnaittee shall have the
power to permit the same/ the President fixing the
amount to be paid for the ground, tn\. minimum sum
for the same being ten guineas.

271. All orders for interment shalM)e given in

writing by the President, who shall, at theNBame time,

determine in which portion of the grouncKit shall
Jr
64 LAWS.

take place, without which order the Treasurer of the

Burial Society shall not give directions for any
funeral.

272. The Burial Ground is the property of the

Congregation, and shall be under the control of the

Committee; but all funeral arrangements shall be
under the control of the Committee of the Burial
Society, which, although connected with the Congre-
gation, is governed by its own Cock of Laws.

273. Any Member inay nnrchase

nnrcl] a site of ground
for his or her interment^ tbe price for which shall be

settled by the CommitteeXthe minimum price being

five guineas ;
but
such^bnmict
shall be void, and the
right to such site ofi^round, along with the purchase-
money, shall be forfeited, if such person shall renounce
the Jewish religion. The particulars of the purchase
shall be entered in a book to be ketot for that
purpose;
but in no case shall such purchase supersede the laws

respecting the payment of arrears Oiwing by such

purchaser.

274. The Burial GroundSihall be regularly watched

during the night. \
275. The sum of two Shillings shall be charged

annually in the accounts of aHs^persons holding seats

in the Synagogue not exceeding 3x2 6 per annum,
: :

arid the sum of three sJnllings annuanyjn the accounts

 LAWS. 65

of persons holoW seats above that sum; and also in

the accounts of D**n ^JD not holding seats in the

Synagogue, to forinSi fund towards meeting the

expences for the keepings^n repair the Tombstones
in the Burial Grounds belonging to the Congregation.

ALTERATION OF LAWS.

276. In order to\epeal or alter any Law, or to

make a new Law, a nfotice of motion to the effect
Vdesired, must be given at a meeting of the Vestry;
^ and the same shall be Considered at the ensuing
(S
Meeting of such Board, ancl if then agreed to, it
shall be submitted to the conjoint of a
y\, consolation
^ Meeting of the Vestry and Members, as directed in
Law 277.
V,
'

u/ 277. When the repeal 6r alteration of any law, or

x
V enactment of any new law, shall have been resolved
on by the Vestry, a Meeting shall, as early as possible,
be convened of the Vestry and forty-two DTO ^JD

holding seats in the Synagogue, at which twenty-one

persons present shall form a quorum; and the reso-
lution of the Vestry shall be submitted to that
Meeting, and if adopted, shall become a Law of the

Congregation.

278. At all conjoin-^Meetmgs, no matter

such
shall be discussed but such business as shall have
66 LAWS.

been inserted in the summons convening the same; it

shall be, however, in the power of any Member

present, to propose the alteration of any Law, or the
enactment of any new Law, which, if duly seconded,
shall beput from the Chair; and such proposition, if
agreed to, shall be referred to a Meeting of the
Vestry, who shall deal with it agreeably to Law 276.

The Law\r)assed at such Conjoint Meeting

279.
shall be entered in fta Book of Laws, and shall be

signed by the ChairmanSof the Meeting, two Members

of the Vestry, and by twosother DTQ v^iU who shall
have been present at such ^Meeting; and the same
shall be attested by the
Secretary and a copy thereof
shall be affixed to the door of tn>t Synagogue and
itsbranches for the space of fourteen i^,ys next after
such Law shall have been passed.

SOCIETY FOR THE BELIEF OF DECAYED

DTQ

280. The Laws of the nty^fc, Society for the

wpf
relief of the decayed D*n^NS$D of the Great Syna-

gogue, now in force, or hereafter enacted for the

government of such Society, shall be recognized as

Laws of this Congregation.

 LAWS. 67

GENERAL LAWS.

281. None but persohs actually holding seats in

e shall or
Synagogue hold^ny Honorary Office,
tr vote at any election.

282. At all elections at which DTD *jD (being

Seatholders) ,
or Seatholders, shall be entitled to vote,

they shall respectively vote at the Synagogue in

which they hold seats, under such regulations as the
Committee may from time to time determine.

283. The rights and privileges of DTD vJD and

Seatholders connected with the Service of the Syna-

gogue, can only be claimed in that Synagogue in

which such persons hold seats, except as regards

284. Any JVi \V3 residing in or near the Metro-

polis, who shall cease to hold a seat in this SynWogue,

aVd shall attach himself to any other, shall lotee all
rights of Pppi&n npinAboth for himself, wife, Vind
\ \ \
children; it however, in the power of !|he
shall be,

Committee to re-admit su^h member in any way

^ ie\

children o! a seceding
1

285. Should th^ wife or

member (vide Law 3^4), wish to retain hei^or their

^
rights, it shall be in thV power of the Gomnul^ee to
68 LA AYS.

allow the same on such conditions as it

may deem

I
286. No n^D SjD shall be deprived of his

rpDpn, but at a Special Meeting called for that pur-

pose, which must consist of the Vestry, in conjunction
with twenty-five QTQ vJD, twenty-one persons present
to form a quorum. The summonses for such Meeting
must express the purpose for which it is convened,
and the party concerned must be specially summoned
thereto. In any decision on the subject, it shall be
necessary to determine whether the forfeiture shall
affect the
party only, or shall include his wife and
children.

287. All the foregoing LawsN shall apply as well to

the Great Synagogue, as tc^uts present or future

branches, except and in so far oiHy as to such of the

same Laws as apply exclusively to any particular
Synagogue.

288. The foregoing riiasy and amended Laws shall

commence and take effect fWn the first day of Tishri,
5623; and thereupon all the old Laws of the Congre-
gation shall be, and the same are^iereby repealed.
 G9

APPENDIX
REFERRED TO IN LAW 106.

LONDON COMMITTEE OF DEPUTIES OF

THE BRITISH JEWS.

RESOLUTIONS
Forming the Constitution of the Deputies, AS REVISED BY THE
BOARD, AND RECOMMENDED to the several Synagogues for
adoption.

1st. That the Board of Deputies shall make observation of

all proceedings relative to legislative and municipal enact-
ments, and shall use such means as it may deem requisite, in
order that no infraction upon the Religious Rites, Customs,
and Privileges of the Jewish Community may ensue there-
from j that it shall also watch over the Interests of the Jews
in this Empire, and 'deliberate on what may conduce to their
welfare and improve their political condition, and that for
these purposes it may adopt such measures as it may think

proper, consult legal opinions, call to its aid and co-operation,

and obtain the advice of, such persons as it may deem
requisite and proper.
2nd. That the guidance of the community in religious
matters shall remain, as heretofore, with the Ecclesiastical
Authorities recognized by this Board.
3rd. That the Deputies shall furnish a Report of their pro-

ceedings to the President of each Synagogue, in the months

of"Elul" and "Adar," who shall submit the same to the
next Meeting of the Elders or Vestry.
70 APPENDIX.

4th. That in all proceedings of the Deputies relative to any

legislative or municipal enactments, and in all matters of
importance, the Deputies shall, fourteen days previously to

taking any measures founded on such proceedings, report

their intention to the President of each Synagogue, who shall
forthwith cause such report to be publicly announced, as open
to the perusal of the Yehidira, or Seat-holders of the Con-

gregation.
5th.That in cases of emergency, the Deputies may adopt
such proceedings as may appear to them indispensable, and
shall report their proceedings to the President of each Syna-
gogue, who shall communicate the same to the Yehidim, or

Seat-holders, as before mentioned.

6th. That the President of each Synagogue shall, on the
receipt of any Special Report from the Deputies, cause the
reception of such Report to be forthwith publicly announced;
and a notice to be affixed at the door of the Synagogue, that
the said Report is open for the perusal of the Yehidim, or

Seat-holders, at the Synagogue Chambers.

7th. That on a requisition in writing by a certain number
of Yehidim, or Seat-holders, to be agreed upon by the

respective Synagogues, it shall be incumbent upon the Presi-

dent of each Synagogue to convene forthwith a meeting of all
the Yehidim, or Seat-holders, of the Synagogue sending such

upon any measures about to be pro-

requisition, to deliberate
posed or undertaken by the Deputies ; and in the event of
any dissent being expressed, the votes of the several Congre-
gations on the subject of such dissent shall be computed
according to the number of Deputies they respectively send,
and in case of the majority so computed dissenting, the pro-
posed measures shall not be proceeded with.
8th. Thatall Yehidim and male Seat-holders in each
Syna-
gogue, above the age of twenty-one years, and not in arrear
in their payments more than twelve months, are eligible to

vote for the Deputies.

 APPENDIX. 71

9th. That all Yehidim or DTQ *7JD (Members) who are

Seat-holders, and not in arrear in their payments to the
Synagogue more than twelve months, and above the age of
twenty-one years, shall be eligible to be elected to the office

of Deputy.
number and proportion of Deputies repre-
10th. That the

senting the London Synagogues, be the same as heretofore.

llth. That any Provincial Synagogue of Jews in the
United Kingdom, being desirous to be represented at the
Board of Deputies, may, for that purpose, provided it consist
of twenty male Seat-holders, nominate one Deputy and if it ;

consist of seventy or more male Seat-holders, may nominate

two Deputies, and no more the number of such Seat-holders
at the time of election being of twelve months' standing, and
such number being certified by the Secretary, and verified by
the President; and every such Synagogue may nominate as
its representative or representatives, one or two (as the case

may be) of its own members, or of the members of any Lon-

don Synagogue represented at the Board ; provided that every
representative so chosen be duly qualified to act as a Yehid
orJVD ^SD (Member) that he be not in arrear in his pay-
ments to the Synagogue to which he belongs more than
twelve months that he be of the age of twenty-one years
and that he do not represent any other Synagogue the ;

Board of Deputies being nevertheless empowered to make

such further regulations relative to the proportionate number
of the Representatives to be appointed by the said Synagogues

respectively, and the proportionate amount of such several

Synagogues' expenses, as it may think
expedient to adopt.
it

12th. That in the event of any Synagogue being twelve

months in arrear in its payments to the Board, it shall lose
its rights of representation.
13th. That the election of Deputies for the several London
and Provincial Synagogues shall take place on the first Sun-
72 APPENDIX.
"
day in the month of lyar;" and that the returns of every
such election be made as heretofore, and within seven days
from the period of election.
14th. That their period of service be for three years;
shall

and at the termination thereof, they shall be eligible for

re-election.

15th. That all Elections for Deputies shall be by Ballot,

and that no proxies be allowed.
16th. That on the resignation or death of any Deputy, the
President of the Synagogue to which such Deputy shall have

belonged, shall convene a Meeting within two months, for the

purpose of electing a Successor, who shall serve until the next
ensuing General Election of Deputies.
17th. That the Board of Deputies of the British Jews shall
be the only medium of communication, for the pur-
Official

poses of their appointment, with the Government of the

country.
18th. That these Resolutions shall remain in force, unless
six months previously to any periodical Election of Deputies, a
Conference of Sub-Committees be appointed by the several

Synagogues, to consider whether the same require any altera-

tion, or are susceptible of improvement and any such ;

alteration be adopted by the several Synagogues.

\Venheiiner and Co., Printers, Circus Place London.

,
 496
000 048