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Tel.Nos: 487-8927/ 487-7670/ 09562796609

A Teaching- Learning Package in Mathematics

Name: ______________________________________ Grade: 8- Our Lady of Medjugorje

TLP # 17 : Graphs of linear Equations in Two Variables Teacher: T.Milan
Objectives: Through discussion and examples, the students will be able to:
1. Define a linear equation in two variables: ax+by = c; and
2. Graph the linear equation ax + by = c using the (a) two-point method.
I. REFRESHER
An equation is statement that two algebraic expressions are equal. The equal sign (=) is used to express
the relation between the two expressions, and asserts that the two expression name the same numerical value, or
are equivalent.
A linear equation in one variable is an equation of the first degree. Examples of linear equations on one
variable are
x=7 w – 3 = 10
3z + 4 = 12 –z 5(y-2) = 5y – 10

Linear Equations in One Variable

A linear equation in one variable is an equation that can be written in the form:
ax + b = c
where a, b, and c are real numbers, a ≠ 0.

Electronic Weighing Scales

Fruits, vegetables, fish, poultry, and meat are weighed electronically in supermarkets. Suppose a
1 1
kilo of fish costs Php 150. How much will you pay for kg of fish? kg? 2 kg?
4 2

Is it possible to buy 1.35 kg of fish? How much will it cost?

II. INTRODUCTION

The values can be placed in a table.

To find the cost, we simply multiplied the weight of the fish by Php 150.|
Let x = weight of the fish in kilograms
y = cost of the fish
The relationship between the weight of the fish and its corresponding cost can be written as
y = 150 x
This equation is an example of a linear equation in two variables.
III. PRESENTATION

Linear Equations in Two Variables

A linear equation in one variable is an equation that can be written in the form:
ax + by = c
where a, b, and c are real numbers, but a and b cannot both be zero.
A linear equation is an equation in two variables which can be written in two forms:
Standard Form: ax + by = c, and
Slope-Intercept Form: y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept, m and b ∈ ℜ ,
and m ≠ 0.

IV. DISCUSSION
The equation y = 150x can be written in the form ax + by = c.
y = 150 x is equivalent to -150x + y = 0
The solution of linear equation in two variables is an ordered pair that makes a true mathematical
statement of the equation.
This form of the linear equation in two variables is said to be in standard form. Note that the highest
degree of the x- and y- terms in the equation is 1. The following are linear equations in standard form:
2x + 3y = 4
x-5y = 1
-6x + y = -7
Equations of this type are called linear equations because they generate straight line graphs when
plotted on a standard Cartesian Coordinate System.
Sometimes we are given an equation and one of the two coordinates in an ordered pair and we are asked
to find the other coordinate that makes the point satisfy the equation.

Think About This #1!

What have you observed in a linear equation in one variable? in a linear equation in two variables? Differentiate
the two. ___________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________

Example 1
Complete the following ordered pairs so that they satisfy the equation 4x + y = -1.
a. ( __________, 0) b. (2,_________)
Solutions:
a. In order to complete ( ______, 0) substitute the value y = 0 into the equation and solve for x.
 4x + y = -1 Given
4x + 0 = -1 Substitute 0 to y.
4x = -1 Simplify
1
x=-
4
Thus, the ordered pair is ( −14 , 0)
b. Substitute the value x = 2 and solve for y.
4x + y = -1 Given
4(2) + y = -1 substitute 2 to x.
8 +y = -1 Simplify.
y = -9 Thus, the ordered pair is (2,-9).

Practice!
Try This #1!
Complete the following ordered pairs so that they are solutions to the equation 2x-y=4.
a. (_____, 0) b. (-1,______)
(Put your answers here. You can use another sheet of paper. Just put Try This #1!)

Example 2
Is (2,3) a solution of x +y = 2?
Solution:
Substitute the ordered pair to the given function.
y+x=2
3+2=2
5≠2
Therefore, (2,3) is not a solution of the linear equation.

Example 3
Is (4,-4) a solution of 2x = -y + 4?
Solution:
Substitute the ordered pair to the equation.
2x = -y +4
 2(4) = - (-4) + 4
8= 4+4
8=8
Therefore, (4,-4) is a solution of the linear equation.

Graphing A Linear Equation In Two Variables

The set of all points that satisfy equation is called the graph of the equation. Thus. To graph an equation
requires plotting some points that are solutions to the equation. Let us graph y = 150x by plotting these points:

( 14 , 37.50 ) ,( 12 ,75) , ( 1,150 ) ,(1 12 , 225) ,∧(2,300)

If we are to plot thousands of solutions, the dots that we drew could merge into a solid line. Hence, we
connect the points with a line. In fact, the graph of any linear equation in two variables is a straight line.
Note that the coordinate of any point on the line will satisfy the equation
y=150x.
The graph of y=150x is limited to the first quadrant since the
domain, or set of all possible values of x, cannot be negative, and the range,
or the set of all possible values of y, cannot be negative.

Since the graph of a linear equation in two variables is a straight

line, we only need to plot two points to determine the line, but it is better to
plot a third point to verify.

There are several ways to sketch the graph of a linear equation. Here are three ways to do it.
A. Two-Point Method.
In this method, you have to find two points that will satisfy the given equation.
Example 1
Graph x+y=4
Solution:
Choose any values for x, preferably integers, for ease in computations. Find the corresponding y value
for each and write the numbers in a table of values.
a) Let x = 1, then
x+y=4 Given.
1+y=4 Substitute 1 to x.
y = 4-1 Transpose(transfer) 1 to the other side and it will become -1.
y=3 Then Simplify.
Hence, the point is (1,3)
b) Let x = 3, then
x+y=4 Given.
3+y=4 Substitute 3 to x.
y = 4-3 Transpose(transfer) 3 to the other side and it will become -3.
y=1 Then
Simplify.
Hence, the point is (3,1)
The ordered pairs are (1,3) and (3,1).
Plot and connect the points in the coordinate plane
Example 2
Graph. 2x + y =4
Solutions:
Choose any values for x, preferably integers, for ease in computations. Find the corresponding y value for each
and write the numbers in a table of values.
a) Let x = -2
2x + y =-4 Given.
2(-2) + y = - 4 Substitute – 2 to x.
-4 + y = -4 Simplify.
y = -4 + 4 Transpose(transfer) – 4 to the other side and it will become 4.
y=0 Simplify
Hence the point is (-2,0)
b) Let x = 0
2x + y =-4 Given.
2(0) + y = - 4 Substitute 0 to x.
0+ y = -4 Simplify.
y = -4
Hence the point is (0,-4)
The ordered pairs are (-2,0) and (0,-4).
Plot and connect the points in the coordinate plane

Example 3
Graph 2x – 4y = 6
Solution:
Choose any values for x, preferably integers, for ease in computations. Find the corresponding y value
for each and write the numbers in a table of values.
a) Let x = 1, then
2x – 4y = 6 Given.
2(1) – 4y = 6 Substitute
2 - 4y = 6 2(1) = 2.
- 4y = -2+6 Transpose(transfer) 2 to the other side and it will become -2.
- 4y = 4 Simplify.
y = -1 Divide both sides by -4.
Hence the point is (1, -1).
b) Let x = 4, then
2x – 4y = 6 Given.
2 (4) – 4y = 6 Substitute 4 to x.
8 – 4y = 6 2(4) = 8
- 4y = 6 – 8 Transpose(transfer) 8 to the other side and it will become – 8.
 - 4y = -2 6 -8 = -2.
1 −4 y −2 −2 1
y= Divide both sides by -4. = ------ y = or .
2 −4 −4 −4 2
1
Hence the point is (4, ¿.
2
1
The ordered pairs are (1, -1) and (4, ¿.
2
Plot and connect the points in the coordinate plane

Note: When graphing an equation, label the line with the equation.
Example 4
Graph 2x – 3y = 6.
Solution:
Choose any values for x, preferably integers, for ease in computations. Find the corresponding y value
for each and write the numbers in a table of values.
a) Let x = -3, then
2x – 3y = 6 Given.
2(-3) – 3y = 6 Substitute -3 to x.
- 6 - 3y = 6 2(-3) = - 6.
- 3y = 6+6 Transpose(transfer) -6 to the other side and it will become 6.
- 3y = 12 Simplify.
y = -4 Divide both sides by -3.
Hence the point is (-3, -4).
b) Let x = 0, then
2x – 3y = 6 Given.
2 (0) – 3y = 6 Substitute 0 to x.
0 – 3y = 6 2(0) = 0
- 3y = 6
y=-2 Divide both sides by -3.
Hence the point is (0, −2 ¿.
The ordered pairs are (-3,-4) and (0,-2).
Plot and connect the points in the coordinate plane

Practice!
Try This #2!
IV. CHECKING – UP UNDERSTANDING
A. Find any two points that will satisfy the equation then graph using the two – point method.
1. -2x + y = 1 2. 2x – 5y = -11

Answer key:
Note: Refer your answers here in practice activities. Evaluate your answers if you got the correct or wrong
answer. If you got a wrong answer, try to answer again and look for what part of your solutions you got wrong.
Submit your all your answers and solutions including the solutions and answers that is wrong. This will be my
bases as your scores for the TLPs. I will provide the solutions once I already checked your TLPs.
For TLP # 17
Try This # 1!
1. 2
2. -6
Try This #2!
1. I will be the one to check.
2. I will be the one to check.
For TLP #17.1
Try This # 3!
1. (0,-2) and (9,0) 2. (0,-3) and (3,0)
Try This #4!
3
1. y = x+3
2
4
2. y = x–3
−3
Try this # 5!
1. 2.