MCQ Questions for Class 8 Geography

Chapter 5 Industries with Answers

August 17, 2020 by Prasanna Leave a Comment

Check the below NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Industries
with Answers Pdf free download. MCQ Questions for Class 8 Social Science with
Answers were prepared based on the latest exam pattern. We have Provided Industries
Class 8 Geography MCQs Questions with Answers to help students understand the
concept very well.

Industries Class 8 MCQs Questions with Answers

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Which of the following is a secondary activity?
(a) Coal mining industry
(b) Tourism industry
(c) Fishing
(d) Agriculture

Answer
Answer: (b) Tourism industry

Question 2.
Change of raw materials into products of more value to people is called
(a) manufacturing
(b) resources
(c) population
(d) none of these

Answer
Answer: (a) manufacturing
Question 3.
Which is not the agro-based industry?
(a) Oil
(b) Textile
(c) Sugar
(d) Food Processing

Answer
Answer: (a) Oil

Question 4.
Marine-based industries are based on
(a) minerals
(b) forest products
(c) agricultural products
(d) oceanic products

Answer
Answer: (d) oceanic products

Question 5.
Fish is a product of the
(a) mineral-based industries
(b) agro-based industries
(c) marine-based industries
(d) forest-based industries

Answer
Answer: (c) marine-based industries
Question 6.
Basket weaving falls in the category of
(a) small-scale industry
(b) cottage industry
(c) large-scale industry
(d) none of these

Answer
Answer: (b) cottage industry

Question 7.
Which of the following is a private sector industry?
(a) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
(b) Tata Iron and Steel Industry
(c) Steel Authority of India
(d) National Thermal Power Corporation

Answer
Answer: (b) Tata Iron and Steel Industry

Question 8.
Why are state owned industries called public sector industries?
(a) Because they are established, run and maintained by private people.
(b) Because they are established, run and maintained by the government
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these

Answer
Answer: (b) Because they are established, run and maintained by the government
Question 9.
Which factors affect the location of industry ?
(a) Land
(b) Labour
(c) Capital
(d) All of these

Answer
Answer: (d) All of these

Question 10.
Industrialisation often leads to:
(a) Poverty
(b) Population
(c) Development
(d) None of these

Answer
Answer: (c) Development

Question 11.
What does an industrial system consists of?
(a) Inputs
(b) Processes
(c) Output
(d) All of these

Answer
Answer: (d) All of these
Question 12.
Majot industrial regions are located near:
(a) Deserts
(b) Sea Ports
(c) Glaciers
(d) Mountains

Answer
Answer: (b) Sea Ports

Question 13.
Which metal is often called the backbone of modern industry?
(a) Steel
(b) Gold
(c) Silver
(d) Aluminium

Answer
Answer: (a) Steel

Question 14.
The earlier name of Jamshedpur was:
(a) Sakshi
(b) Sakchi
(c) Subarnarekha
(d) Kharkai

Answer
Answer: (b) Sakchi
Question 15.
Which among the following is the largest lake?
(a) Huran
(b) Superior
(c) Ontario
(d) Michigan

Answer
Answer: (b) Superior

Question 16.
Which is not the quality of clothes?
(a) Muslin
(b) Chintzes
(c) Calicos
(d) Osaka

Answer
Answer: (d) Osaka

Question 17.
ITI is the full form of –
(a) Indian Training Institute
(b) Institute of Technology of India
(c) Indian Telephone Industry
(d) Industrial Technology Institute

Answer
Answer: (c) Indian Telephone Industry

Match the following:

Column A Column B

(i) Private Sector Industries (a) Maruti Udyog Ltd.

(ii) Public Sector Industries (b) Anand Milk Union Ltd.

(iii) Joint Sector Industries (c) Basket-weaving

(iv) Co-operative Sector Industries (d) Tata Iron and Steel Industry

(v) Cottage Industries (e) Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd.

Answer
Answer:

Column A Column B

(i) Private Sector Industries (d) Tata Iron and Steel Industry

(ii) Public Sector Industries (e) Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd.

(iii) Joint Sector Industries (a) Maruti Udyog Ltd.

(iv) Co-operative Sector Industries (b) Anand Milk Union Ltd.

(v) Cottage Industries (c) Basket-weaving

State whether true or false:

1. Mineral-based industries use products from seas and oceans as raw materials.

Answer
Answer: False

2. Manufacturing is a tertiary activity.

Answer
Answer: False

3. National Highway Authority is a Joint Sector Industry.

Answer
Answer: False

4. Industrialistion has led to the growth of towns and cities.

Answer
Answer: True

5. First cotton textile mill was established in 1857.

Answer
Answer: False

6. Paper industry is the example of agro-industry.

Answer
Answer: True

7. Handloom textile industry is a labour-intensive industry.

Answer
Answer: True

Fill in the blanks:

1. …………… is an example of co-operative sector industry.

Answer
Answer: Anand Milk Union Ltd.

2. First cotton textile mill was established in ………………. in 1854.

Answer
Answer: Mumbai
We hope the given NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 5
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Copyright © 2020 · Magazine Pro on Genesis Framework · WordPress · Log in
nswer the following questions.
(i) What is meant by the term ‘industry’?
(ii) Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?
(iii) Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of the modern industry and why?
(iv) Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?
(v) What are the similarities between the information, the technology industry in
Bangalore and California?
Answer:
(i) Industry refers to economic activity that is concerned with the production of goods,
extraction of minerals, or provision of services.

(ii) The location of industries is affected by the availability of raw material, land, water,
labour, power, capital, transport, and market.

(iii) Ships, trains, trucks, and automobiles are made largely of steel. From safety pins to
big ships are made from steel.

 Oil wells are drilled with steel machinery.

 Steel pipelines transport oil.
 Minerals are mined with steel equipment.
 Farm machines are mostly made of steel.
 Large buildings have steel framework.

(iv) Cotton textile industry expanded rapidly in Mumbai initially because of the presence
of a lot of favorable conditions. Warm and moist climate, a port situated nearby to import
machinery, easy availability of raw material, and skilled labour were factors behind this.

(v) Similarities between the information technology industry in Bangalore and Silicon
Valley in California:

 Bangalore is located on Deccan Plateau, Silicon Valley (Santa Clara Valley) next to the
rocky mountains.
 Both have a clean environment.
 The mild climate throughout the year (pleasant climate).
 Close to educational, scientific, and technological centers.
 Close to major roads and airports.
 Good access to markets.
 Skilled workforce.
 Low rents and low cost of living.
Question 2.
Tick the correct Answer:
(i) Silicon Valley is located in
(a) Bangalore
(b) California
(c) Ahmedabad

(ii) Which one of the following industries is known as the sunrise industry?
(a) Iron and steel industry
(b) Cotton textile
(c) Information Technology

(iii) Which one of the following is a natural fibre?

(a) nylon
(b) jute
(c) acrylic
Answer:
(i) (b),
(ii) (c),
(iii) (b).

Question 3.
Distinguish between the following.
(i) Agro-based and mineral-based industry
(ii) Public sector and joint sector industry
Answer:
(i)

Question 4.
Give two examples of each the following.

1. Raw materials
2. End products
3. Tertiary activities
4. Agro-based industries
5. Cottage industries
6. Co-operatives

Answer:
 1. ores, plants.
2. Clothes that we wear, a car.
3. Trade, banking.
4. Food processing, leather industry.
5. Basketweaving, pottery.
6. AMUL, Sudha Dairy.

Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Industries Exercise

Questions
Question 1.
Choose the correct option.
(i) What class of economic activities does manufacturing come under?
(a) Primary
(b) Secondary
(c) Tertiary
(d) Primary as well as secondary

(ii) Which industry is the base of all other industries?

(a) Cotton textile industry
(b) Leather industry
(c) Iron and steel industry
(d) IT industry

(iii) What class of industries does Mamti Udyog come under?

(a) Joint sector
(b) Private sector
(c) Public sector
(d) Cooperative sector

(iv) Which of these factors affect the location of industries?

(a) Power
(b) Availability of raw material
(c) Transport
(d) All of these

(v) What process does the iron ore undergo in a blast furnace?
(a) Smelting
(b) Refining
(c) Extraction
(d) None of these

(vi) What is the output of iron and steel industry?

(a) Steel
(b) Pig iron
(c) Iron ore
(d) All of these

(vii) Which of these states has some major steel-producing centers?

(a) Punjab
(b) Jharkhand
(c) Tamil Nadu
(d) Maharashtra

(viii) What is the name of the place where TISCO began?

(a) Kharkai
(b) Calcutta
(c) Sakchi
(d) Rourkela

(ix) From where does the iron ore come to Pittsburgh?

(a) Silicon Valley
(b) Florida
(c) Minnesota
(d) Washington
Answer:
(i) (b), (ii) (c), (iii) (a), (iv) (d), (v)(a), (vi) (a), (vii) (b), (viii) (c), (ix) (c).

Question 2.
Fill in the blank spaces given to complete each sentence.

1. The river that provides sufficient water to Osaka’s textile industry is ………………..
2. On basis of raw materials used, industries are classified as and ………………
3. Basket-weaving, handicraft, and pottery are examples of …………… industries.
4. Factors affecting the location of industries are …………, ……………, …………, ………..
etc. (give any four)
5. Regions like the Mumbai-Pune cluster and Chhotanagpur industrial belt are important
……….. regions of India.
6. The process of smelting is done in a ………….
7. The four states where most steel-producing centres are located are and ………….
8. The first cotton textile mill was established in Ahmedabad in ………..
9. Silicon Valley is located near the …………….. Mountains.

Answer:

1. Yodo
2. agro-based, mineral-based, marine-based, forest-based
3. small-scale
4. power, raw material, labour, capital, market, transport, communication, etc.
 5. industrial
6. blast furnace
7. West Bengal, Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh
8. 1859
9. Rocky

Question 3.
State whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F).

1. The leather industry is a forest-based industry.

2. Small capital and infrastructure characterize small-scale industries.
3. Milk dairies like Sudha Dairy are joint sector industries.
4. Raw materials are inputs into an industry’s manufacturing process.
5. Major industrial regions tend to be located in the temperate areas, near seaports and
coal fields.
6. The iron and steel industry is a sunrise industry.
7. While smelting, heating is done beyond the melting point.
8. Alloying with other elements changes the properties of steel.
9. The nearest station to the Sakchi steel plant was Kalimati.

Answer:

1. True
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. True
6. False
7. True
8. True
9. True

Question 4.
Match the items given in Column I correctly with those given in Column II.

Answer:
(i) (b), (ii) (e), (iii) (a), (iv) (c), (v) (d).
Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Industries Very Short Answer Type
Questions
Question 1.
Define industry.
Answer:
The industry refers to economic activity that is concerned with the production of goods,
extraction of minerals, or the provision of services.

Question 2.
Name three common methods of classifying industries.
Answer:
Industries are classified according to the raw material used, size, and ownership.

Question 3.
Expand the abbreviation AMUL. Where is its headquarters?
Answer:
Anand Milk Union Limited. Its headquarters are in Anand, Gujarat.

Question 4.
Name four common processes involved in the textile industry.
Answer:
Ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing are processes involved in the textile industry.

Question 5.
Name an industrial region in northern India.
Answer:
The Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region is an industrial region in northern India.

Question 6.
Name some elements alloyed with steel.
Answer:
Aluminium, nickel, and copper are elements that are alloyed with steel.

Question 7.
What products do industrial plants in Jamshedpur produce?
Answer:
Industrial plants produce chemicals, locomotive parts, agricultural equipment,
machinery, tinplate, etc.

Question 8.
What is the link between the mines and the industry in Pittsburgh?
Answer:
The Great Lakes of North America lying between the mines and industrial plants in
Pittsburgh.

Question 9.
Name two natural fibres and two human-made fibres.
Answer:
Two natural fibres: wool, silk. Two human-made fibres: nylon, polyester.

Question 10.
Give a reason for the fact that the cotton textile industry in India could not compete with
that in the West initially.
Answer:
The production of handwoven cotton textiles in India was expensive and time-
consuming, so it could not compete with the Western standards.

Question 11.
What industries have started replacing the textile industry in Osaka?
Answer:
Iron and steel, machinery, shipbuilding, automobiles, electrical equipment, and cement
industry have begun to replace the textile industry in Osaka.

Question 12.
Why is Bangalore called “Silicon Plateau”?
Answer:
Bangalore is called Silicon Plateau because of the IT industry there, and the word
“plateau” refers to the Deccan Plateau where it is located.

Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Industries Short Answer Type

Questions
Question 1.
Describe briefly the classification of industries on basis of raw material used.
Answer:
On the basis of raw material used, industries are classified into agro, mineral, marine,
and forest-based. The raw material of agro-based industries consists of plant and
animal-based products. Some examples are food processing, cotton textile industry,
and leather industry. The raw material used in mineral-based industries consists of
mineral ores.

An example: iron and steel industry. Marine-based industries use products obtained
from the sea and oceans as raw materials. Seafood industry is one such industry. A
forest-based industry uses forest produce as raw material. Examples are the paper
industry and furniture.
Question 2.
Describe briefly the classification of industries on basis of ownership.
Answer:
On the basis of ownership, industries are classified into the private sector, state-owned
(public sector), joint sector, and cooperative sector. Private-sector industries are owned
by individuals or a group of individuals. Public sector industries are owned by the
government. Joint sector industries are owned and operated by the state and
individuals. Maruti Udyog is an example of such an industry. Cooperative sector
industries are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials,
workers, or both. AMUL is one such industry.

Question 3.
Describe the inputs, processes, and outputs in an industrial system with an example.
Answer:
An industrial system consists of inputs, processes, and outputs. Raw materials, labour,
costs, transport, power and infrastructure are inputs. In a cotton textile industry, for
example, inputs are cotton, human labour, transport cost, etc. Processes are activities
done to convert raw material into finished products. In a cotton textile industry, ginning,
spinning, weaving, dyeing, etc process. The finished product and all profits earned are
the outputs. In the cotton textile industry, the outputs are clothes we wear.

Question 4.
Give examples of industrial regions in India and the world.
Answer:
The major industrial areas of the world are eastern North America, western and central
Europe, eastern Europe, and eastern Asia. In India, major industrial regions are the
Mumbai-Pune cluster, Bangalore-Tamil Nadu region, Hugli region, Ahmedabad-Baroda
region, Chhotanagpur industrial belt, Vishakhapatnam-Guntur Belt, Gurgaon-Delhi-
Meerut region, and the Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram industrial cluster.

Question 5.
Write the properties and significance of steel.
Answer:
Steel has these properties: it is tough, it can easily be shaped (malleability), cut or made
into wire (ductility). Adding certain other elements makes it harder, tougher, and rust-
retention capability.

Steel is the backbone of the modern industry. We use a lot of steel objects in daily life.
Ships, trains, and most other vehicles, tiny needles and safety pins, machinery and
equipment, buildings, etc utilise steel as a main or sole constituent.

Question 6.
What factors supported Sakchi being chosen to set up the steel plant by TISCO?
Answer:
Sakchi was chosen for various reasons. It was close to the Kalimati Railway Station. It
was also close to iron ore, coal, and manganese deposits. Kolkata, a source of a large
market, was not far away. Jharia coalfields, and limestone, dolomite, limestone and
manganese from Orissa and Chhattisgarh were easily accessible. The nearby rivers
(Kharkai and Subamarekha) provided sufficient water supply.

Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Industries Long Answer Type

Questions
Question 1.
Describe the cotton textile industry with special reference to its history and spread in
India.
Answer:
Cotton is a natural fibre crop. The cotton textile industry is the industry which involves in
making clothes out of the fibre. It is one of the oldest industries of the world. India has a
glorious history of producing excellent quality cotton textiles. The Muslins of Dhaka,
Chintzes of Masulipatnam,

Calicos of Calicut and gold-wrought cotton of Burhanpur, Vadodara and Surat had
world-famous quality and design. The traditional Indian cotton textile industry, however,
could not compete with the Western textile mills, due to the high cost of the handwoven
textile. The process involved, moreover, was time-consuming.

The first successful mechanised textile mill in India was established in Mumbai in 1854.
The factors that led to the success were the warm and moist climate, the presence of a
nearby port for importing machinery, the availability of raw material and skilled labour.
Humidity was the main reason why the industry was initially limited to Maharashtra and
Gujarat.

Today the industry has spread to various other parts of the country, due to the artificial
production of humidity. The important cotton textile centres are in Coimbatore, Kanpur,
Chennai, Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Kolkata, Ludhiana, Puducherry, and Panipat.

Question 2.
Write short notes on
(a) the iron and steel industry in Pittsburgh and
(b) cotton textile industry in Osaka.
Answer:
(a) Pittsburgh is an important steel city in the USA. Most raw materials such as coal are
available locally. Iron ore is brought from the iron mines in Minnesota. The shipping of
ore is also a convenient pathway: the Great Lakes of North America. From the lakes to
the industrial area, trains are there to carry the ore. Rivers like Ohio, the Monogahela,
and the Allegheny provide adequate water supply. Finished steel is transported to the
market by both land and water routes.
(b) Osaka is an important textile centre in Japan. It is called the “Manchester of Japan”.
Like every important centre, geographical factors played an important role in the
establishment of industry here. The plains around Osaka meant land was easily
available for the growth of cotton mills. The warm and humid climate is well suited to the
spinning and weaving of cotton. The river Yodo provides adequate water supply. Easily
available labour and the location of the port are also significant factors. The industry
however depends completely on imports. The finished product is exported and is not
very expensive.

More CBSE Class 8 Study Material

Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Extra

Questions and Answers Industries
August 19, 2020 by Prasanna Leave a Comment

Industries Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science
CBSE Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science. Here
we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science SST Geography
Chapter 5 Industries.

Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Extra Questions and

Answers Industries
Industries Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 5 Very
Short Answers Type
Question 1.
What is the basic function of secondary activities or manufacturing?
Answer:
The basic function of secondary activities or manufacturing is to change raw materials
into products of more value to people.

Question 2.
Of what is the paper made up from?
Answer:
The paper is made up from pulp.

Question 3.
Name the classification of industries on the basis of raw material used by them.
Answer:
The industries classified on the basis of raw materials used by them are:

1. Agro-based industries
2. Mineral-based industries
3. Marine based industries
4. Forest-based industries

Question 4.
By whom are the private sector industries owned and operated?
Answer:
Private-sector industries are owned and operated by individuals or a group of
individuals.

Question 5.
What does an industrial system consist of?
Answer:
An industrial system consists of input, processes and outputs.

Question 6.
How does an industrial region emerge?
Answer:
Industrial region emerges when a number of industries are located close to each other
and share the benefits of their closeness.

Question 7.
What is meant by industrial disaster?
Answer:
In industries, accidents/disasters mainly occur due to technical failure or irresponsible
handling of hazardous material. This is known as industrial disaster.

Question 8.
Define Sunrise Industries.
Answer:
Emerging industries are also known as ‘Sunrise Industries’. These include Information
technology, Wellness, Hospitality and Knowledge.

Question 9.
Define the process ‘smelting’.
Answer:
It is the process in which metals are extracted from their ores by heating beyond the
melting point.
Question 10.
What is the full form of TISCO?
Answer:
TISCO: Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited.

Question 11.
On what basis are industries classified?
Answer:
Industries are classified on the basis of raw materials, size and ownership.

Question 12.
Under which category is production of automobile and heavy machinery is placed?
Answer:
Under large scale industry.

Question 13.
What may be the inputs in case of textile industry?
Answer:
In case of textile industry, the inputs may be cotton, human labour, factory and transport
cost.

Question 14.
What was the official death total in 1989 in Bhopal tragedy?
Answer:
Official death total was 3,598 in 1989.

Question 15.
What is MIC?
Answer:
MIC is Methyl Isocynate gas responsible for gas tragedy of Bhopal.

Question 16.
Which is the major IT hub of India?
Answer:
Bengaluru.

Question 17.
Where was TISCO started in?
Answer:
It was started in Sakchi.

Question 18.
What is the date of Bhopal gas tragedy?
Answer:
On 3rd December 1984.

Question 19.
Which industries use produce from sea and oceans as raw materials?
Answer:
Marine based industries.

Question 20.
In which part of the world is silicon valley located?
Answer:
It is located next to the rocky mountains of North America.

Industries Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 5 Short

Answers Type
Question 1.
Why was Sakchi chosen to set up the steel plant? Give reasons.
Answer:
Sakchi was chosen to set up the steel plant for several reasons because:

1. the place was only 32 km away from Kalimati station on the Bengal-Nagpur
railway line.
2. It was close to the iron ore, coal and manganese deposits as well as to Kolkata,
which provided a large market.
3. TISCO gets coal from Jharia coalfields, and iron ore, limestone, dolomite and
manganese from Odisha and Chattisgarh.
4. The Kharkai and Subarnarekha rivers ensured sufficient water supply.
Government initiatives provided adequate capital for its later development.

Question 2.
What was the ideal location for iron and steel industry before 1800 A.D and after 1950
how did the concept for ideal location of iron and steel industries change?
Answer:
Before 1800 A.D. iron and steel industry was located where raw materials, power supply
and running water were easily available. Later, the ideal location for the industry was
near coal fields and close to canals and railways.

After 1950, iron and steel industry began to be located on large areas of flat land near
sea ports. This is because by this time steelworks had become very large and iron ore
had to be imported from overseas.

Question 3.
How is the steel used by other industries as raw materials?
Answer:
Steel is used by other industries as raw material in many ways.

1. Steel is tough and it can be easily shaped, cut, or made into wire.
2. Special alloys of steel can be made by adding small amount of other metals such
as aluminium, nickel and copper.
3. Alloys give steel unusual hardness, toughness or ability to resist rust.
4. Steel is often called the backbone of modern industry.

Question 4.
Define the concept of industrial system briefly.
Answer:
An industrial system consists of inputs, processes and outputs. The inputs are the raw
materials, labour and cost of land, transport, power and other infrastructure. The
processes include a wide range of activities that convert the raw material into finished
products. The outputs are the end products and the income earned from it.

In case of textile industry the inputs may be cotton, human labour, factory and transport
cost. The processes include ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing and printing. The output
is the shirt you wear.

Question 5.
What does the concept of information technology industry deals in and which are the
major hubs of the IT industry?
Answer:
The information technology industry deals in the storage, processing and distribution of
information. Today, this industry has become global. This is due to a series of
technological, political and socio-eco¬nomic events.

The main factors guiding the location of these industries are resource availability, cost
and infrastructure. The major hubs of the IT industry are the Silicon Valley, California
and Bengaluru, India.

Industries Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 5 Long

Answers Type
Question 1.
How is the classification of industries done on the basis of raw materials size and
ownership? Explain.
Answer:
Industries are classified on the basis of raw materials, size and ownership:
1. Raw materials: Industries may be agro-based, mineral-based, marine-based and
forest-based depending on the type of raw materials used by them.
  Agro-based industries: These industries use plant and animal-based products as
their raw materials.
 Mineral-based industries: These industries use mineral ores as their raw
materials, and the products of these industries feed other industries.
 Marine based industries: They use the products from the sea and oceans as raw
materials.
 Forest-based industries: It utilises forest produce as raw materials.

2. Size: It refers to the amount of capital invested, number of people employed and the
volume of production.
Based on size, industries can be classified into small scale and large scale industries.

 Small scale industry: Cottage or household industries are a type of small scale
industry where the products are manufactured by hand, by the artisans. These
industries use lesser amount of capital and technology as compared to large scale
industry.
 Large scale industry: These are industries that produce large volumes of
products. Investment of capital is higher and the technology used is superior in
large scale industries.

3. Ownership: Industries can be classified into private sector, state-owned or public

sector, joint sector and cooperative sector.

 Private-sector industries: These are owned and operated by individuals or a

group of individuals.
 Public sector industries: These are owned and operated by the government.
 Joint sector industries: These are owned and operated by the state and
individuals or a group of individuals.
 Cooperative sector industries: The are owned and operated by the producers or
suppliers of raw materials, workers or both.

Picture Based Questions Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Industries

Class VIII: Chapter 6 (Human Resource)

Question & Answers
Q1. What do you mean by the age-sex pyramid?
Ans: Age-sex pyramid is a graphical representation of the age, sex composition of the
population. It is also known as the Population Pyramid.
Q2. Define Census.
Ans: The official collection of population data by all means is known as Census. This
is conducted once in ten years. Currently, we are following 2011 census. In 1872, first
population census of India was conducted. The Census of India 2011 is the fifteenth
census starting from1872 and the seventh since independence.

Q3. Define the following:        (a) Birth Rate        (b) Death Rate        (c) Natural
Growth Rate
(d) Density of Population        (e) Migrations
Ans: (a) Birth Rate: The number of live births per 1000 persons is called birth rate.
(b) Death Rate: The number of deaths per 1000 persons is called death rate.
(c) Natural Growth Rate: Births and deaths are the natural causes of population
change. The difference between the birth rate and the death rate of a country is called
the natural growth rate.
(d) Density of Population: Population density is the number of people living in a unit
area of the earth's surface. It is normally expressed as per square km. The average
density of population in the whole world is 51 persons per square km.
(e) Migrations: Movement of people from one place to another; in search of
livelihood is called migration. Migration can be classified into two:
     (i) Emigrants are people who leave a country.
     (ii) Immigrants are those who arrive in a country.

Q4. List out the factors responsible for the rapid growth of world population.
Ans: Factors responsible for the rapid growth of world population are:
(a) Geographical Factors: Relief, Climate, Natural Resources, Soil, Water, Minerals.
(b) Social Factors.
(c) Cultural Factors.
(d) Economic Factors.

Q5. What is age structure or age composition?

Ans: Number of people in different age groups in country is called age structure or
age composition of the population. Population of a nation is generally grouped into
three broad categories:
(a) Children (Below 15 years of age): Economically unproductive and needs to be
provided with the necessities of life (food, cloth, education, etc.)
(b) Working age (15 – 59 years): Economically and biologically productive
(c) Aged (Above 59 years of age): They can be economically productive even after
retirement.

Q6. What are the three major aspects of population study?

Ans: The three major questions to be answered when we study about population are:
(a) Population Size and Distribution.
(b) Population Growth and Process of Population Change.
(c) Characteristics or qualities of the population.

Q7. Discuss the importance of human resource.

Ans: Human resource or people are a nation's greatest resource; they are an asset to a
nation. People are important to develop the economy and society. It is people with
their demands and abilities that turn a thing into 'resources'. Human beings use their
knowledge and skill to convert natural resource into more valuable goods. Hence,
human resource is the ultimate resource. Healthy, educated and motivated people
develop resources as per their requirements. Human resources like other resources are
not equally distributed over the world.

Q8. How would you distinguish between productive and dependent population?
Ans:

Q9. Compare the population pyramid of India and Japan. Draw your inferences.
Ans:
Q10. Some regions in India experiencing a steep decline in the sex-ratio. It is
unhealthy for the society. Find out reasons and suggest ways to check it.
Ans: Number of female per 1000 male population is called sex ratio. The sex ratio in
2001 was 933 and in 2011 in were 940. Kerala has the best sex ratio (1084); while Sex
ration in Gujarat is 919, Haryana (879) and Delhi (868) have the worst sex ratios.
Steep decline in the sex-ratio is a serious threat to the nation. Following are some of
the reasons of decline in the sex-ratio:
(a) Girls in India are taken as a liability, one day she will get married and leave the
house; Parents have to pay a huge dowry.
(b) Safety and security is a great concern for family.
(c) India is a male dominated country.
(d) Female Feticide, girl child are killed before her birth.
(e) Females often face Malnutrition, leading to ill health.

Steps that can be taken to improve the sex-ratio in India:

(a) People should be educated. Every Indian should change their mindset. Girls are
not burden but they are the blessings of the almighty.
(b) Equal rights to male and females.
(c) Female Feticide should be completely banned.
(d) Education for girls.
(e) Nutritious food to be provided.
(f) Every male should respect females in all aspects.
(g) Government of India should take serious steps for the overall development of
females.
 

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Class VIII: Chapter 5 (Industries) Question and

Answers
Q1. Define the term: (a) Manufacturing     (b) Industry.
Ans: (a) Manufacturing: Production of goods in large quantities after processing
from raw material to more valuable products is called "Manufacturing".

(b) Industry: Industry refers to an economic activity that is concerned with the

production of goods, extraction of minerals or the provision of services.

Q2. Which Indian city is known as "The Manchester of India"?

Ans: Ahmedabad city is known as "The Manchester of India"

Q3. List out the physical and human factors of industrial location.
Ans: Physical Factors: Land, water, power, raw material, etc.
Human Factors: Capital, labour, policies, market, technology, transportation,
communication, etc.

Q4. What do you mean by information technology?

Ans: The information technology industry deals in the storage, processing and
distribution of information through Radio, Television, Telephones, Cellular Phones,
Computers, Laptops, etc.

Q5. Manufacturing industries are important for the economic development of

the country, discuss.
Ans: Following are importance of manufacturing industries for the economic
development of the country:
(a) Industrial growth helps in modernizing the agricultural activities by providing
machinery, chemicals, irrigation facilities, insecticides, pesticides, etc.
(b) Industrial growth helps in reducing the unemployment and poverty.
(c) Industrial growth can earn foreign exchange by exporting the finished goods and
thus, can expand its trade and commerce.
(d) Industrial growth helps in improving the standard of living of the people.

Q6. Enlist the four mitigation strategies to reduce the impact of industrial
accidents.
Ans: Following are the mitigation strategies to reduce the impact of industrial
accidents:
(a) Densely populated residential areas should be separated far away from the
industrial areas.
(b) People staying in the surrounding area of industries should be aware of the storage
of toxins or hazardous substances and their possible effects in case if any accident
occurs.
(c) Fire warning and fighting system should be improved.
(d) Storage capacity of toxic substances should be limited.
(e) Pollution dispersion qualities in the industries should be improved.

Q7. Explain the factors favourable for the development of the IT industry in
Bangaluru.
Ans: Following are the factors favourable for the development of the IT industry in
Bangaluru:
(a) Bangalore is located on the Deccan Plateau from where it gets the name 'Silicon
Plateau'.
(b) The city is known for its mild climate throughout the year. Pleasant weather, low
cost of living, makes it an ideal place for living.
(c) Good transport facility, availability of skilled and experienced professionals.
(d) The city has many leading educational institutes.
(e) More than 100 multinational and software companies have established their
business.
(f) The government of Karnataka was the first to sanction the establishment of IT
industry.

Q8. Discuss the locational advantages for the development of the cotton textile
industry in Ahmedabad.
Ans: Following are the locational advantages for the development of cotton textile
industry in Ahmedabad:
(a) Located in Gujarat on the banks of the Sabarmati River.
(b) Situated very close to cotton growing area. Raw material is easy availability.
(c) The climate is ideal for spinning and weaving.
(d) The flat terrain and easy availability of land is suitable for the establishment of the
mills.
(e) The densely populated states of Gujarat and Maharashtra provide both skilled and
semi-skilled labour.
(f) Well developed road and railway network permits easy transportation of textiles to
different parts of the country, thus providing easy access to the market.
(g) Mumbai and Kandla ports nearby facilitates import of machinery and export of
cotton textiles.

Q9. Compare and contrast the development of the iron and steel industry in
Pittsburgh and in Jamshedpur.
Ans: Iron and Steel Industry in Pittsburgh:
(a) Pittsburgh is an important steel city of the United States of America. City is also
known as "Iron City"
(b) In mid 19th century processing of Iron began in Pittsburgh.
(c) Some of the raw material such as coal is available locally, while the iron ore
comes from the iron mines at Minnesota, about 1500 km from Pittsburgh. Between
these mines and Pittsburgh is one of the world's best routes for shipping ore cheaply –
the famous Great Lakes waterway. Trains carry the ore from the Great Lakes to the
Pittsburgh area.
(d) The Ohio, the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers provide adequate water supply.
(e) Pittsburgh has a favourable topography, temperate climate, skilled labour and
market, which make this place favourable for the development of Iron & Steel
industry.

Iron and Steel Industry in Jamshedpur:

(a) Before 1947, there was only one iron and steel plant in the country – Tata Iron and
Steel Company Limited (TISCO).
(b) TISCO was started in 1907 by Jamshedji N. Tata at Sakchi in the Singhbhum
district of Jharkhand, but the production started in 1910. Later on Sakchi was renamed
as Jamshedpur.
(c) Sakchi was only 32 km away from Kalimati station on the Bengal-Nagpur railway
line. It was close to the iron ore, coal and manganese deposits as well as to Kolkata,
which provided a large market. TISCO gets coal from Jharia coalfields, and iron ore,
limestone, dolomite and manganese from Orissa and Chhattisgarh.
(d) The Kharkai and Subarnarekha rivers ensured sufficient water supply.
(e) Government initiatives lead to rapid industrial growth in India.

Q10. Draw a flow chart to explain the classification of industries.

Ans:

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INDUSTRIES - COMPARATIVE STUDY 1

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INDUSTRIES - COMPARATIVE STUDY 2

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INDUSTRIES - COMPARATIVE STUDY 3

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Class VIII: Multiple Choice Type Questions

(Chapter 4: Agriculture)
1. Agriculture is:
(a) Primary Activity
(b) Secondary Activity
(c) Tertiary Activity
(d) None of the above

2. Slash and burn practice of agriculture is also known as:

(a) Intensive Farming
(b) Extensive Farming
(c) Shifting Farming
(d) Nomadic Farming

3. Which is also known as golden fiber?

(a) Cotton
(b) Wheat
(c) Silk
(d) Jute

4. The two most important staple food crops of the world are ...................
and ..................
(a) Ragi & Bajra
(b) Tea & Coffee
(c) Rice & Wheat
(d) Millets & Maize

5. It is also known as "Monoculture", i.e. single crop grown over a large area.
(a) Commercial Grain Farming
(b) Plantation Farming
(c) Multiple Farming
(d) Mixed Farming

6. Out of the following which is not a cropping season of India?

(a) Zaid
(b) Kharif
(c) Kaffir
(d) Rabi

7. Which one is not a millet crop?

(a) Jowar
(b) Ragi
(c) Wheat
(d) Bajra

8. The type of agriculture practiced in India is:

(a) Intensive Farming
(b) Extensive Farming
(c) Primitive Farming
(d) Mixed Farming

9. The word "Agriculture" has been derived from two ...................... Words.
(a) German
(b) American
(c) Latin
(d) Arabic

10. Cultivation of grapes is also known as ..................

(a) Viticulture
(b) Horticulture
(c) Sericulture
(d) Pisciculture

11. Seasonal migration of people with their animals is called

(a) Farmers
(b) Jhumming
(c) Transhumance
(d) Labours

12. Classification of Commercial farming (which is not correct)

(a) Commercial Grain Farming
(b) Plantation Farming
(c) Multiple Farming
(d) Mixed Farming

13. Factors Influencing the Crop Cultivation:

(a) Temperature
(b) Fertile Soil
(c) Rainfall
(d) All of these

14. Growing vegetables, flowers, fruits and decorative plants for commercial use is
known as
(a) Viticulture
(b) Horticulture
(c) Sericulture
(d) Pisciculture

15. ...................... is grown in winter. It requires rainfall during growing season and
bright sunshine at the time of harvest.
(a) Rice
(b) Watermelon
(c) Wheat
(d) Bajra

16. The land on which crops are grown is known as

(a) Arable Land
(b) Wet Land
(c) Dry Land
(d) None of these

17. Jhumming, Ladang, Milap, Roca & Ray are also known as
(a) Intensive Farming
(b) Commercial Farming
(c) Nomadic Farming
(d) Shifting Farming

18. .................... requires high temperature, light rainfall, 210 frost-free days and
bright sunshine.
(a) Jute
(b) Cotton
(c) Tea
(d) Coffee

19. In .............. farming the land is used for growing food and fodder crops and
rearing livestock.
(a) Intensive Farming
(b) Plantation Farming
(c) Primitive Farming
(d) Mixed Farming

20. Tea is a ...................... crop

(a) Fiber Crop
(b) Food Crop
(c) Beverage Crop
(d) Industrial Crop