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MIDTERM EXAMINATION
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
DIRECTIONS: Write the letter of your choice that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
1. A process, phenomenon or human activity that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts,
property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation is called
A. Disaster B. Emergency C. Hazard D. Vulnerability
3. Thunderstorms, coastal storm surges, tropical cyclones and heat waves are
A. Technological hazards C. Hydrometeorological hazards
B. Astronomical hazards D. Geological hazards
4. The following are common long term impacts of natural hazards EXCEPT
A. Destruction of vital infrastructure like roads and bridges
B. Disconnection of communication lines
C. Widespread loss of housing
D. Permanent disability
7. The variables that amplify the effects of hazards, affecting the degree or scope of a disaster is called
A. Exposure B. Elements at risk C. Risk drivers D. Vulnerability
13. Disturbance of biodiversity and loss of forests and natural rivers are
A. Physical impact C. Socio-cultural impact
B. Biological impact D. Environmental impact
14. The Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) classified elements at risk into
A. Tangible and intangible
B. Least at risk, at risk & most at risk
C. Physical, socio-cultural, biological & political
D. Physical, societal, economic & environmental
16. Elements likely to be exposed to mudslide and landslide are those located
A. Near fault lines C. On foot of denuded mountains
B. In coastal areas D. Near oil deposits
17. The characteristics determined by some factors or processes which increase the susceptibility of an
individual, community or assets to the impacts of hazards is called
A. Exposure B. Coping capacity C. Vulnerability D. Resilience
18. Poorer families may live in squatter settlements because they cannot afford to live in safer areas.
This shows what type of vulnerability?
A. Physical B. Social C. Economic D. Environmental
19. Senior citizens and persons with disabilities are more vulnerable to disasters because
A. They are unable to protect themselves or evacuate if necessary
B. They cannot recover quickly from an emergency situation
C. They are not much affected by social discrimination
D. They belong to the low-income group of society
20. Critical facilities such as hospitals, schools and fire stations are
A. Societal elements C. Physical elements
B. Economic elements D. Environmental elements
21. Which of the following results from poorly planned and managed urban development?
A. Labor migrants are forced to live in areas which are highly susceptible to damage or
destruction.
B. Degradation of wetlands and mangroves along river courses results in increased flooding.
C. States with weak institutions have greater deaths after extreme natural events.
D. Decrease in agricultural yields in warmer environment due to heat stress.
22. The Dela Cruz Family decided to set aside 5% of their annual income to be used to retrofit their
home to make it more resilient against typhoon. What type of vulnerability do they reduce by doing this?
A. Physical B. Social C. Economic D. Environmental
23. In November 2013, the Philippines was hit by Supertyphoon Yolanda. This was a disaster because
A. It caused more than 6000 casualties and loss of more than US$1.5B.
B. The storm surge it brought was slow and expected.
C. The Philippines is frequently visited by typhoons.
D. Its winds reached peaks of around 315 kph.
24. Which of the following hazards normally result from the occurrence of an earthquake?
A. Lahar B. Landslide C. Drought D. La Niña
25. It is a result of the passage of seismic waves through the ground, and ranges from quite gentle in
small earthquakes to incredibly violent in large earthquakes
A. Tsunami B. Liquefaction C. Fault rupture D. Ground shaking
31. Which two natural hazards have caused the most damage both in terms of loss of life and monetary
losses over the past 50 years on a global scale?
A. Typhoons and volcanoes C. Typhoons and tornadoes
B. Typhoons and floods D. Typhoons and earthquakes
32. Why do you suppose there has been an overall increase in the number of deaths and monetary losses
related to natural disasters on Earth?
A. The magnitudes of natural hazard events are increasing
B. There are more hazardous events occurring every year
C. Human populations are increasing in areas of risk
D. All of the above
34. According to a report, 8 of 10 world cities most exposed to natural hazards are in the Philippines
because of the following reasons EXCEPT
A. The Philippines lies in the Pacific typhoon belt
B. The Philippines is located between two tectonic plates
C. The Philippines is part of the Circum-Pacific seismic belt
D. The Philippines has a high coping capacity and ability to mitigate disasters
45. During an earthquake, to where should you evacuate if near a large body of water?
A. The closest shelter C. The nearest tall tree
B. Higher ground D. Your car
48. In the 1990 Baguio earthquake, most of the deaths occurred in collapsed buildings, like the Hyatt
Terraces Hotel, where hundreds died and many others were hurt. Why did this result to a disaster?
A. The hotel’s terraced front wing collapsed and fell into the lobby killing many.
B. People inside the building were not forewarned of an incoming earthquake.
C. PHIVOLCS did not accurately predict when the earthquake would occur.
D. Affected individuals did not purchase insurance policies.
49. Which equation shows the relationship among disaster risk, hazard, exposure and vulnerability?
A. Risk = Hazard X Exposure X Vulnerability
B. Risk = Hazard + Exposure + Vulnerability
C. Risk = Hazard X Exposure
Vulnerability
D. Risk = Hazard X Vulnerability
Exposure
50. When inside a building or classroom, the three steps you should take at the first sign of an
earthquake are
A. Stop, drop and cover C. Cover, drop and stop
B. Drop, cover and hold D. Stop, drop and roll