Organic Macromolecules

Essential Questions:
● How can molecules from your food get converted into
molecules that make up your body?
● How can small molecules be made into bigger ones?
● How can big molecules be broken into smaller ones?

Group#5 Today we are going to take turns being the

Group Member Names: reader & recorder. One person should still
Yuridia Velazquez SHARE THEIR SCREEN but a different person
McKenna Murphy should do the typing on each slide. Rotate
Alexandra Martinez jobs and put your name on the slide when it is
Emiko Nishimura-Simmons your turn. ….Look for the red box.
DIRECTIONS: Highlight any unknown vocabulary terms in one color and look up a definition to record at Name:

the bottom. Highlight any important/new information in a second color. Alexandra

Background Information:

Unknown Vocab Definitions?: Lipids are a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their
derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include many natural oils,
waxes, and steroids.
Nucleic acids are a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose
molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain.
 Name: McKenna Murphy

How many carbon atoms are on the right (reactants)_6____ How many are on the left (products) __6____?
Do the numbers match? YES or NO (highlight the correct answer).
Name: Emiko Nishimura-Simmons
Model 1: Glucose Sugar
1. What is the name of the molecule in the diagram?
The name of the molecule is glucose sugar. Molecular formula Simplified molecular formula
2. How many elements (types of atoms) make up the molecule? Chemical formula
Three: Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
3. What does the line between atoms represent?
The chemical bond.
4. Fill out the table below using the diagram: Chemical
bond
NAME of atom # of ATOMS in # of BONDS
molecule made by that
atom

carbon 6 19

Hydrogen 12 12

Oxygen 6 12 What is the difference between a chemical formula

5. The bonded carbons make a 6-sided shape. Name that shape.
Hexagon
6. Organic compounds are also said to be “carbon compounds”. Could
this structure be built with hydrogen or oxygen in the location where
carbon is? Explain why/why not.
(HINT-how many bonds does each make?)
No you can not replace the carbon with hydrogen or oxygen
because it would create a different formula.
and a molecular formula?
The difference between a chemical formula and a
molecular formula, is that chemical formulas describe
the molecule using the periodic letters and numbers.
While a molecular formula demonstrates how the
molecule is comprised using a diagram or model to show
the chemical bonds between the atoms.
Name:
Yurida Organic Macromolecules C- Carbon 1. What atoms are found in
velazquez
O- Oxygen carbohydrates?
The atoms found are carbon
H- Hydrogen and oxygen
-
N
Nitrogen 2. What atoms are found in
lipids?Atoms found in lipids are
carbon, oxygen and hydrogen
3. What atoms are found in
proteins? Atoms found in
protein are carbon, oxygen,
nitrogen, hydrogen
4. Where is the energy stored
in each of these molecules?The
energy is stored in the
Chemical bond
chemical bonds.
(location of energy storage) 5. Given the relative number of
chemical bonds, which molecule
then should be storing the most
energy? (and why?)
Carbon because there are
more carbon molecules than
the others.
 Build a Glucose molecule! Plants do photosynthesis to store sunlight energy in the bonds of a glucose sugar molecule. Light
ATOMS energy cannot be stored but it can be transformed into the bonds between atoms. This chemical energy can then stored and broken
FOR down later when the bonds are broken and the energy released. Move the atoms of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen into place to
BUILDING build a molecule of glucose. Use the diagram at the right as your instructional guide to show you where the atoms are supposed to
go.

As you know from

the photosynthesis
equation, the
chemical formula for
glucose is C6H12O6.
Do the number of
atoms in the
molecule you built
match the chemical
formula?
___yes____

Use this as a guide

(comment
section if
Name: Yuridia
needed) Velazquez
 Monomers, Polymers,
and Dehydration Synthesis
Word Bank Watch the video below Answer the questions below
on MONOMERS by dragging the correct
and POLYMERS term from the left side panel

1. Big molecules like DNA are built from smaller molecules called a
monomer monomer
________________

monomer
2. Starch is made by linking one ________ chained to the next, over and
over again.

dehydration monomer while the starch molecule

3. So, in starch, glucose is the ______________
synthesis
synthesis polymer
is a ______________________.

4. In our alphabet, the letters are like __monomer_ while the words we
water polymer
make/use are like ___________.

hydrolysis
hydrolysis 5. In living cells, combining monomers into polymers occurs through a
dehydration ____________.
process called ______________ synthesis So called because when
Fill in the table below (by typing) polymer
joining the two monomers a _____________ molecule is lost.
(comment
section if Mono Poly
needed)
Meaning One Many

Example Monorail Polygon hydrolysis where a larger

6. This images is an example of ______________
Name:
Alexandra molecule is split using water.
EX
A
M
PL
E Glucose Glucose Glucose Glucose Glucose Glucose Glucose Glucose Glucose
#1

Starch Molecule
EX
A
M
PL
E Amino Acid Amino Acid Amino Acid Amino Acid Amino Acid Amino Acid Amino Acid Amino Acid
#2

Protein Molecule

Name: Mono Poly Arrange the

Emiko terms into the
Nishimura-Simmo Structure correct boxes
ns

Example #1

Example #2
To prevent losing them, Build a polymer! (what’s a monomer and polymer? You will find out in a later slide! For now, think about what they may mean)
use the space below to
keep your pieces when ● Remove the -O-H from monomer 1 and the -H from monomer 2.
you move them ● Link the two monomers where the atoms were removed to bond the two monomers into a polymer!
around.
● Use the removed atoms to build another molecule that will be released as waste.

Put one oxygen atom here from

one of the molecules.
Monomer 1 Move the lines to bond the two Monomer 2
glucose molecules.

(comment
section if
needed)

Use this as a guide

Put the removed atoms inside

Name: McKenna here
Murphy Make sure to bond the
atoms! (using the bond lines)
In your own Name:
words, explain
dehydration DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS Alexandra Martinez
synthesis below

Dehydration
synthesis, is the Dehydration Synthesis
process in which The building of a polymer
monomers try to
“remove” “water”
bond, but in this
process a water
“put together”
using smaller building block
molecule is
created. Leaving
monomers is called
a new chemical
bond between dehydration synthesis.
the monomers in
which then (glucose) (glucose) (starch) (starch is!)
es
creates a monomer monomer polymer potato
polymer.

(comment
section if
needed) Watch the video
here
on DEHYDRATION
THINK: Where did the OH and H atoms go?
SYNTHESIS What’s the chemical formula for water?
Hydrolysis

water to break

When you digest your food, large polymer molecules are broken apart into monomers to release energy.
You must stay hydrated because water is used to break the bonds in a reaction called hydrolysis. This is an
opposite reaction of building up the molecules in dehydration synthesis.

Congratulations! You are done! Have your techie turn this assignment
into Jupitered.