LABORATORY EXERCISE : Comparing Means ;T-tests

1. A corporate training institution claimed that its training program could greatly call center
employees’ efficiency. A big call center sent twenty (20) of its employees for the training
program. The efficiency was measured by the number of deals closed by each employee in one
month. Data was collected for one month before sending the employees for the training program.
After the training program, data was again collected on the same employees for one month. The
data is given in the table below.

STEP 1: State the Null and Alternative Hypothesis

 o Ho= There is no significant difference between the efficiency of a call center agent employee
before and after the training program .
o Ha= There is a significant difference between the efficiency of a call center agent employee
before and after the training program .

STEP 2: Set the level of significance or the alpha level

o Since the problem did not set a level of significance ,automatically the level of significance or
the alpha is 0.05 because it is about educational purposes.

STEP 3: Calculate the t-value and critical- value

The statistical test to be used is Paired t-test of two sample means or called Dependent T-test.
o Using Microsoft Excel

o Using Online website

STEP 4: Make a statistical Decision

Indicator Means df t-value /t-stat Critical P-value Decision

value
Training Before 40.7 19 -2.39 or 2.39 2.09 0.03 Reject the
Program After 44.15 null
hypothesis

o Using the p-value approach

Since the computed p-value (0.03) is less than to the level of significance (0.05) we need to
reject the null hypothesis .

o Using critical value approach

Since the computed t-value or t-stat (2.39) is greater than the critical value of (2.09) we need to
reject the null hypothesis.

STEP 5: Make a conclusion

o Since we rejected the null hypothesis, we conclude that there is a significant difference between
the efficiency of a call center agent employee before and after the training program .