Government of Pakistan

Ministry of Communications

Port Development
and Integrated Intermodal Transport
Connectivity
March, 2018
 SEQUENCE
 Pakistan: Geo-Strategic Location
 Pakistan’s Development Vision – 2025
 Transport Policy of Pakistan
 Road Development strategy of Pakistan
 ongoing Road Projects
 Road connectivity of ports of Pakistan
 Asian Highway Network
 CAREC Transport Corridors
 Railway Development Strategy
 Railway Action Plan
 Ports Development Strategy
 Aviation Strategy
 China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)
 Software of Regional Connectivity
 Major Challenges in Transport Connectivity
 Way Forward for Regional Integration
 Geo Strategic Location of Pakistan
KAZAKHSTAN
UZBEKISTAN
17 M
0.24%
KYRGYZSTAN
6M
REGIONAL POPULATION
30 M 0.08%
AZERBAIJAN
Countries Population %age
9M
0.42% (Dec 2017)
0.12% TURKMANISTAN (In Million)
CASPIAN 5M
SEA 0.07% TAJIKISTAN
CHINA
1,362 M China 1,415 18.54%
8M
0.11%
19%
India 1,354 17.74%
Pakistan 200 2.63%
Bangladesh 166 2.18%
Iran 82 1.07%
DISPUTED
Burma 53 0.71%
AFGHANISTAN
25 M
TERRITORY
Uzbekistan 32 0.42%
0.33%
IRAN
77 M Nepal 29 0.39%
1.03% Afghanistan 36 0.48%
PAKISTAN Kazakhstan 18 0.24%
200 M
2.6% Azerbaijan 10 0.13%
NEPAL
XIZANG (TIBET)
Gulf States 9 0.13%
26 M
0.35% BHUTAN Tajikistan 9 0.12%
0.7 M
0.01%
Kyrgyzstan 6 0.08%
Turkmanistan 6 0.08%
Oman 5 0.06%
GULF STATES
8M Gwadar
INDIA
1,239 M Total: 3,430 45.13%
Port Karachi & BANGLADESH
0.12% Bin Qasim 17% 152 M
Port 2.04 % MYANMAR
OMAN (BURMA)
SAUDIA ARABIA 4M 53 M
30 M 0.05% 0.75%
0.42% ARABIAN SEA

Source: Google
 Pakistan’s Development Vision – 2025

 Vision 2025 is the official policy document of Pakistan

 Connectivity is an important pillar of vision 2025
 The targets set in vision 2025 are:
 reduction in transportation costs
 safety in mobility
 effective connectivity between rural areas and
markets/urban centres
 inter-provincial high-speed connectivity
 Integrated road/rail networks between economic
hubs (including air, sea and dry ports)
 Connectivity: Physical; Institutional; Functional;
and People to People
 high-capacity transportation corridors connecting
major regional partners
 Pakistan’s National Transport Policy
Commissioning of Gwadar deep sea port, China Pakistan Economic Corridor
(CPEC), planned establishment of Nine Mega Economic Free Zones and massive
investment injected in energy and infrastructure sectors are key factors in
transforming Pakistan’s economic outlook.
1. Connectivity of ports through roads, rail, and aviation to international
corridors will be ensured
2. Standards for design and operation of intermodal facilities and
related services shall be created and implemented
3. A comprehensive integrated planning system is to be developed and
implemented.
4. The role of the private sector and PPPs in infrastructure finance and
service provision to be utilized
5. Railways shall operate along commercial lines,
6. Emphasis of railways should be on freight.
7. Adapt a continuous rolling stock management system (Railways).
 Pakistan’s National Transport Policy
8. Use of the landlord port management and operations model for the
ports
9. Update an integrated port master plan.
10. Monitor port charges and reduce where excessive levels are found.
11. Expansion of Aviation Infrastructure and Services
12. Policies and procedures to meet guidelines of the International
Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
13. Pakistan International Airways (PIA) to add private participation to
its ownership.
Development Strategy of Pakistan
 Road Sector development Strategy
• Increase the road density from 32 km/100 km2 to 64 km/ 100 km2
till 2025
In last four years, Pakistan has initiated an ambitious program
of PKR 1.5 Trillion (US$13.63 Billion) with an increase in PSDP
allocation from Rs.40 billion to Rs.400 billion
• PSDP allocations need to be supplemented by off - budget
financing.
Through off budget financing cost saving of Rs.487.61 Billion
has been achieved during 2013-2017
• Undertake highway development projects by financing
through Public Private Partnerships (PPP).
NHA has largest BoT Regime under PPP Mode worth Rs.373
Billion.PPP projects.pptx PPP Project Cycle from RFP to
Concession is 12 months
• To improve road safety, the component of road safety will be
made part of every road development project
• Complete North – South Motorway Link
• Strengthen East – West Connectivity i.e. Baluchistan
• Contribution to GDP Growth i.e. 1.0% to 1.5%
 Road Connectivity of Khunjerab
CHINA
Ports of Pakistan
Total Length: 2,688 Km Gilgit S-1
Skardu
N-35
N-45
N-95 Raikot
N-15

Peshawar Indian
Islamabad Occupied
SECTIONS
AFGHANISTAN Kashmir

N-5 KKH (335 Km)

DI Khan KKH (437 Km)
N-50
Faisalabad Lahore
M-2 (357 Km)
Khanewal
Quetta N-70
DG Khan Multan KLM (276 Km)
N-5
N-40 Kalat N-65
M-4 Ext (57 Km)
Surab Jacobabad
Basima KLM (387 Km)
IRAN Khuzdar
M-8
Sukkur M-8 (148 Km)
N-85

N-5 INDIA N-30 (110 Km)

Hoshab
N-25
M-8

N-10
N-85 (454 Km)
Gwadar M-9
Hyderabad
Karachi port N-120
Gwadar port Karachi M-8 (193 Km)
ARABIAN SEAQasim port 10 N-25 (813 Km)
Existing Road Network
Torkham – Peshawar –Rawalpindi–Lahore–Waga Border (India) (520 Km)
Lahore – Multan –Sukkur – (Quetta) - Nokundi – Taftan (Iran) (1763 Km)
Karachi – Hyderabad – Lahore – Rawalpindi – Hasanabdal – Khunjrab(1391 km)
Karachi – Kalat – Quetta – Chaman (Afghanistan) (816 Km)
Quetta – D.I. Khan – Peshawar (862 Km)

al AHN = 141,000 Kms in 32 countries

N in Pakistan = 5352 Kms

Gwadar 11
 *
SIX CAREC TRANSPORT CORRIDORS
ECO ROAD TRANSPORT CORRIDORS
 Railways Strategy

Business Rolling stock Infrastructure

development availability development

Governance
 Railways Development Strategy/ Action Plan

VISION Provide railway services that help grow Pakistan’s economy

To provide a competitive, safe, reliable, market oriented, efficient,

MISSION and environmentally friendly mode of transport for Pakistan

OBJECTIVE Competiti Market Environment

Safe Reliable Efficient ally Friendly
S ve Oriented
Passenger: All Services Passenger Passenger Passenger All Services
• Increase • Better • New train • More comfort • Faster • Higher market
speed infrastructure control • Air turnaround share, fewer
• Improve • Fencing • Improved conditioned • Signals road/bus trips
Strategie comfort • Grade equipment • Faster require fewer • Increased
s • Tariff strategy separation • Better • Strategic tariff station staff energy
• Concessions • Crossing maintenance Freight: efficiency of
Freight: protections • Reliable Freight: new
• Increased • Improved Freight: service • Higher axle- locomotives
services signals • Dedicated • Sharper loads • Improved toilets
• Focus on • Automatic block train pricing • Heavier trains • Elimination of
block trains train service • Room for • Quicker cycle old workshops
operation protection • New freight concessions times • Improved
• New rolling 15 fueling facilities
• Dedicated wagons • Profitable
terminals stock • New services
• Concessions • No 4-wheelers locomotives
 China
Regional Havelian Khunjrab
Connectivity via Rail Dry Port Gilgit

Jalalabad Besham Occupi

Afghanistan ed
Peshawar Havelian
Kashm
ML-2 Rawalpindi ir
Iran Kandhar DI Khan Wagha
Zhob Amritsar
Lahore
ML-3
Chaman Quetta
Taftan Multan ML-1

Zahidan Jacobabad
Basima

Rohri
India
Monabao
Main Line – 1 (ML-1)
Gwadar Khokhra Main Line – 2 (ML-2)
Main Line – 3 (ML-3)
Karachi par
Operative Link
Planned Link
 Capacity of Pakistani Ports
Karachi Port Capacity
• Karachi Intl. Container Terminal (KICT) Capacity 350,000 TEUs
• Pakistan Intl. Container Terminal (PICT) Capacity 450,000 TEUs
• 30 dry cargo berths, 13 berths on West Wharves,17
berths on East Wharves
• 3 liquid cargo berths for POL & Non-POL products
Port Qasim Capacity
• Multipurpose Terminal Capacity 35000 DWT
• Multipurpose Terminal Capacity 45000 DWT
• Liquid Chemical Terminal Capacity 75000 DWT
• Oil Terminal Capacity 75000 DWT
Gwadar Port Planned Capacity
• Bulk Cargo Terminal Capacity 100,000 DWT Ships
• Oil cargo Terminal Capacity 200,000 DWT Ships
• Floating Liquified Gas Terminal Capacity 500 Mill Ft3
 Sea Ports Strategy
• Cater for all types of ships and handle all types of cargo
• Facilitate trade, industrial and economic
development, nationally, locally and regionally.
• Operate in a manner that is efficient, effective,
competitive, transparent and fair to all.
• Remain aligned with expectations of local and
international customers.
 Aviation Strategy
• Human Resource Management, supply chain
management, customer relationship management,
enterprise Resource planning
• Expansion of current thirteen airports to meet
growing traffic requirements.
• Deregulation of passenger and cargo services.
• Strengthen human recourse of CAA.
• Modernize Civil Aviation Tanning Institution (CATI)
• Develop green field airports initially at Islamabad,
Gwadar, Bholari and Mansehra
• Acquire new system for upcoming green field
airports
 Aviation Industry in Pakistan
• Total No of air service agreements (ASA) 98
• Active ASAs. 23
• Foreign Airlines landing in Pakistan 19
• Foreign airlines overflying Pakistan air space 92
• Average daily flights over Pakistan air space 850
• Total No of regular public transport holders 08
• Total No of charted operators 20
 China – Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)
 CPEC is a 3,218 km long corridor, to be built over next several
years (2030), consisting of highways, railways and pipelines.

 It will connect Kashgar in China’s Western province Xinjiang to

rest of the world through Gwadar port in Pakistan.

 CPEC is an initiative under One Belt One Road Concept

(OBOR) which will act as a bridge for the new Maritime Silk
Route that envisages linking 3 billion people in Asia, Africa and
Europe, and its part of a Trans-Eurasian project.

 The estimated cost of the project is US$75 billion, out of which

US$45 billion plus will ensure that the corridor becomes
operational by 2020. The investment will be spent on energy
generation and infrastructure development in Pakistan.
 China – Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)

 Almost 80% of the China’s oil is currently transported from Strait

of Malacca to Shanghai, (distance is almost 16,000 km and takes
2-3 months), with Gwadar port becoming operational, and
construction of land routes completed the distance would reduce
to less than 5,000 km.

 When fully operational, Gwadar will promote the economic

development of Pakistan and become a gateway for Central Asian
countries, including Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, linking Iran and
Xinjiang to undertake marine transport.
Graphical Representation of CPEC

Beijing
Kashgar
Tianjin

Islamabad
Shanghai

Gwadar
Port
Hong Kong

Population 1.415 Bn 1st

Area 9.572 Mn km² 2nd
GDP 11.795 Tn USD 2nd 12,000 km
st
Exports 2,011 Bn USD 1 (Beijing)
Strait of Malacca
Forex Reserves 3.029 Tn USD 1st
To Europe
Oil Imports Shanghai - Kashgar 4,500 km
134 Bn USD 1st
(CPEC) Kashgar - Gwadar 2,700 km
Shanghai – Gwadar 7,200 km
Actual sea routes from Persian Gulf
 China Pakistan Economic Corridor Khunjrab

(CPEC) Gilgit
Khunjrab – Riakot (N-35)
Completed (335 km)
Western Central Alignment Eastern
Alignment Alignment
Raikot S1

Khunjrab - Thakot - Mansehra - Burhan - Pindi Bhatian - Faisalabad - Multan - N35

Raikot-Thakot (N-35)
Sukkur - Shikarpur - Rato Dero - Khuzdar - Basime - Hoshab - Gwadar. Total N45 N95

Distance 2,686 Km Thakot

N15

No. of Distance Total

From To Thakot-Havelian
Lanes (km) (km) Peshawar Havelian S2
S3
Under Construction (120
Khunjrab Riakot 2 335 335 N75 Islamabad km)
Burhan 125

Raikot Thakot 2 270 605 N80

Thakot Havelian 2/4 120 725 N55 Havelian-Burhan (E-35)

Havelian Burhan 6 59 Pindigheb Under Construction (59 km)
784
Pindi
Burhan 6 293 1,077
Bhatian Pindi Bhatian Lahore-Islamabad (M-2)
Pindi Lahore 357 km
Faisalabad 4 53 1,130
Bhatian
Gojra
Faisalabad Multan 4 240 1,370 Shorkot Gojra-Shorkot
N50
Multan Sukkur 6 392 1,762 Abdul Hakeem 62 km
Sukkur Shikarpur 2 37 1,799 N65
Multan Khanewal

Shikarpur Rato Dero 2 43 1,842 Shorkot-Khanewal

Rato Dero Khuzdar 2 180 2,022 65 km
Khuzdar Basime 2 110 2,132
Basime Hoshab 2 361 2,493 N40 N65
Multan – Sukkur (M-5)
Hoshab Gwadar 2 193 2,686 Wanguhills 392 km
Rato Shikarpur
Shahdad Dero
Khuzdar
Basima
Kot
Sukkur
N30
M8
655
105 Rato Dero - Khuzdar
155
151
225
N85

N25
Khuzdar – Basima
Hoshab 110
305
M8

Hyderabad
Gwadar N10 Sukkur-Hyderabad
Karachi 120
296 km

110 Hyderabad-Karachi
136 km
 China Pakistan Economic Corridor Khunjrab

(CPEC) Gilgit
Western Central Alignment Eastern Alignment
Alignment
Raikot S1
N35

Burhan (Hakla) - Pindigheb - Kot Addu - DG Khan - Rajanpur - Wangu Hills - N45 N95

Khuzdar - Basima - Hoshab - Gwadar. Total Distance 2,423 Km Thakot

N15

From To No. of Distance Total

Lanes (km) (km)
Havelian S2
S3

Burhan N75 Islamabad

Khunjrab 2/6 790 790 Burhan 125
(Hakla)
N80
Burhan
Pindigheb 4 61 851
N55

(Hakla) Pindigheb

Pindi Gheb Kot Addu 4 355 1206

D.I. Khan
Kot Addu DG Khan 4 55 1261
Darya Khan
DG Khan Rajanpur 4 49 1310
Rajanpur Wangu Hills 4 336 1646 Pindigeheb – Kot Addu
Wangu Hills Khuzdar 4 113 1759 Taunsa Kot Addu
355 km
N50
Khuzdar Basima 4 110 1869
Basime Hoshab 2 361 2230 N65 D.G. Khan Kot Addu - DG Khan
55 km
Hoshab Gwadar 2 193 2423
Jampur
Rajanpur
DG Khan - Rajanpur
113 km
N40 N65

Wanguhills Rajanpur - Wanguhills

Khuzdar 336 km
Basima
M8 105
N30 655

155
Wanguhills – Khuzdar
N85
225 113 km

N25

Hoshab 305
M8

Gwadar N10
120

110
 China Pakistan Economic Corridor Khunjrab

(CPEC) Gilgit
Western Alignment Central Alignment Eastern Alignment
Raikot S1
N35

Khunjrab – Burhan (Hakla) - DI Khan (Yarik) - Zhob - Quetta - Surab - N45 N95

Hoshab - Gwadar. Total Distance 2,494 Km Thakot

N15

From To No. of Distance Total

Lanes (km) (km) Havelian S3
S2
Burhan (Hakla) – DI Khan
Burhan N75 Islamabad (Yarik) 285 km
Khunjrab 2/6 790 Hakla 125
(Hakla) 790 N80

DI Khan N55
Burhan (Hakla) 4 285
(Yarik) 1075 Pindigheb

DI Khan(Yarik) Zhob 2 235 1310 DI Khan (Yarik) – Zhob (N-

50)
Zhob Quetta 2 331 1641 Yarak
D.I. Khan 235 km
Quetta Surab 2 211 1852
Zhob
Surab Hoshab 2 449 2301
Hoshab Gwadar 2 193 2494 N50

Quetta Zhob – Quetta (N-50)

331 km
N65

N65
Chaman - Khuzdar (N-25)
N40
Surab 431 km

Basima
M8 105
N30 655

225
155
Surab – Hoshab (N-85)
N85 449 km

N25

Hoshab 305
M8

Gwadar – Hoshab (M-8)

Gwadar N10
120
193 km

110
 Software for Regional Connectivity
 Availability of rail road and ports infrastructure is the
hardware for regional connectivity
 Legal frameworks in terms of bilateral, multilateral and
regional agreements and accession to international
conventions provides software for regional connectivity
 Pakistan has acceded to international convention TIR and
its implementation is about to start
 Bill for accession to international Convention on Carriage of
Goods by Road CMR has been forwarded to Cabinet for
approval
 Pakistan has signed a number of bilateral and multilateral
agreements with neighboring / regional countries.
Challenges
 Major Transportation Challenges
 Financial Challenges
 Capacity building requirements
 Modernization of transportation Sector
 Trucking Sector of Pakistan
 Railway infrastructure including tracks and signaling
system

 share of railways in transportation

 Standardization of Gauge
 Visa for drivers and crew members of vehicles
 Lack of harmonized border control procedures among
neighboring countries;
 Security and Safety in the Region
 Passenger Traffic

100
95% 90%
90

Passenger Traffic
80
70 Freight Traffic
60

% 50
40
30
8
0.5 8% 2
0 0% 2%
20
5%
10
0

ROAD RAIL

ROAD RAIL AIR

 Way Forward for Regional Connectivity
Improvement in regional connectivity requires adoption of the
following measures:

 Explore the economic potential of countries involved

 Create favorable conditions for mutual investment
 Accession to International Conventions related to trade
and transport recommended by UN
 Improvement of sea ports, road and rail infrastructure;
 Harmonization of trade and transport regulatory
framework to remove non physical barriers to trade;
 Operationalization /Implementation of regional and
Bilateral/ Multilateral Transit Transport Agreements
* Measures for Improvement of Regional
THANK YOU
Connectivity
Improvement in the regional connectivity requires adoption of the
following measures:

 Accession to International Conventions related to trade and

transport
 Improvement of sea ports, road and rail infrastructure;
 Harmonization of trade and transport regulatory framework to
remove non physical barriers to trade;
 Entering into regional and bilateral transit transport
agreements laying down procedures for the transit traffic.
 Accession to International Conventions
For regional Connectivity, UN-ESCAP Resolution encourages
Member Countries for accession to:

1. Convention on Road Traffic of 1968;

2. Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968;
3. Customs Conventions on International Transport of
Goods under Cover of TIR (TIR Convention - 1975);
4. Customs Convention on Temporary Importation of
Commercial Road Vehicles of 1956;
5. Customs Convention on Containers of 1972;
6. International Convention on Harmonization of Frontier
Controls of Goods of 1982; and
7. Convention on the Contract for International Carriage of
Goods by Road (CMR) 1956
Bilateral/multilateral Transport Agreements
 Quadrilateral Agreement on Traffic in Transit among Pakistan,
Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and China – Goods movement
 Afghanistan-Pakistan Transit Trade Agreement (APTTA)–Goods
Service
 Bilateral Agreement between Pakistan and China on International
Road Transport – Goods & Passengers movement
 Pakistan-Iran Bilateral Road Transport Agreement – Goods &
Passenger movement (In operation)
 Pakistan-Iran Agreement on International Transport of Passengers
and Goods by Road – Transit
 Bilateral Road Transport Agreement between Pakistan and Turkey –
Goods & Passengers movement
 ECO’s Transit Transport Framework Agreement (TTFA) among
Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan,
Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Iran & Turkey
 Bilateral Agreement between Pakistan and Uzbekistan on
Cooperation in the field of Road Transport - Goods & Passengers
Contd..
 Bilateral/multilateral Transport Agreements
 Agreement on the commencement of Bus Services between
Pakistan and Afghanistan - Passengers Service
 3 Agreements on Pak-India Bus Services (In Operation)
 Bilateral Agreement on International Motor Transportation between
Pakistan and Kyrgyzstan - Passengers & Cargo Service
 Agreement on International Motor Transportation between Pakistan
and Kazakhstan - Passengers & Cargo Service
 Agreement among Governments of Member States of Shanghai
Cooperation Organization (SCO) on International Road
Transportation (Goods & Passenger)

Contd..