Mark Scheme (Results)

Summer 2018

Pearson Edexcel International A Level

In Core Mathematics C34 (WMA02/01)
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Summer 2018
Publications Code WMA02_01_1806_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2018
 General Marking Guidance

 All candidates must receive the same treatment.

Examiners must mark the first candidate in exactly the
same way as they mark the last.

 Mark schemes should be applied positively.

Candidates must be rewarded for what they have shown
they can do rather than penalised for omissions.

 Examiners should mark according to the mark

scheme not according to their perception of where the
grade boundaries may lie.

 There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on

the mark scheme should be used appropriately.

 All the marks on the mark scheme are designed

to be awarded. Examiners should always award full marks
if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark scheme.
Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if
the candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according
to the mark scheme.

 Where some judgement is required, mark

schemes will provide the principles by which marks will be
awarded and exemplification may be limited.

 When examiners are in doubt regarding the

application of the mark scheme to a candidate’s response,
the team leader must be consulted.

 Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the

candidate has replaced it with an alternative response.
 General Instructions for Marking
1. The total number of marks for the paper is 125.

2. The Edexcel Mathematics mark schemes use the following types of marks:

 M marks: Method marks are awarded for ‘knowing a method and attempting to apply it’, unless
otherwise indicated.
 A marks: Accuracy marks can only be awarded if the relevant method (M) marks have been earned.
 B marks are unconditional accuracy marks (independent of M marks)
 Marks should not be subdivided.

3. Abbreviations

These are some of the traditional marking abbreviations that will appear in the mark schemes..

 bod – benefit of doubt

 ft – follow through
 the symbol will be used for correct ft
 cao – correct answer only
 cso - correct solution only. There must be no errors in this part of the question to obtain this mark
 isw – ignore subsequent working
 awrt – answers which round to
 SC: special case
 oe – or equivalent (and appropriate)
 d… or dep – dependent
 indep – independent
 dp decimal places
 sf significant figures
  The answer is printed on the paper or ag- answer given
 or d… The second mark is dependent on gaining the first mark

4. All A marks are ‘correct answer only’ (cao.), unless shown, for example, as A1 ft to indicate that
previous wrong working is to be followed through. After a misread however, the subsequent A marks
affected are treated as A ft, but manifestly absurd answers should never be awarded A marks.

5. For misreading which does not alter the character of a question or materially simplify it, deduct two
from any A or B marks gained, in that part of the question affected.

6. If a candidate makes more than one attempt at any question:

 If all but one attempt is crossed out, mark the attempt which is NOT crossed out.
 If either all attempts are crossed out or none are crossed out, mark all the attempts and score the
highest single attempt.

7. Ignore wrong working or incorrect statements following a correct answer.

 General Principles for Core Mathematics Marking

(But note that specific mark schemes may sometimes override these general principles).

Method mark for solving 3 term quadratic:

1. Factorisation
( x 2  bx  c)  ( x  p)( x  q), where pq  c , leading to x = …
(ax 2  bx  c)  (mx  p)(nx  q), where pq  c and mn  a , leading to x = …

2. Formula
Attempt to use correct formula (with values for a, b and c).

3. Completing the square

Solving x  bx  c  0 : ( x  b2 )2  q  c, q  0,
2
leading to x = …

Method marks for differentiation and integration:

1. Differentiation
n 1
Power of at least one term decreased by 1. ( x  x )
n

2. Integration
n 1
Power of at least one term increased by 1. ( x  x )
n

Use of a formula
Where a method involves using a formula that has been learnt, the advice given in recent examiners’ reports
is that the formula should be quoted first.

Normal marking procedure is as follows:

Method mark for quoting a correct formula and attempting to use it, even if there are mistakes in the
substitution of values.
Where the formula is not quoted, the method mark can be gained by implication from correct working with
values, but may be lost if there is any mistake in the working.

Exact answers
Examiners’ reports have emphasised that where, for example, an exact answer is asked for, or working with
surds is clearly required, marks will normally be lost if the candidate resorts to using rounded decimals.

Answers without working

The rubric says that these may not gain full credit. Individual mark schemes will give details of what
happens in particular cases. General policy is that if it could be done “in your head”, detailed working would
not be required. Most candidates do show working, but there are occasional awkward cases and if the mark
scheme does not cover this, please contact your team leader for advice.
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number

ò ò
1. (i) ì 2x 2 + 5x + 1 5 1 ü
í dx = 2+ + 2 dx ý
î x2 x x þ
A
At least one of either     ln kx or
x
M1
B
 2    x 1 ; A , B ,  ,  non zero.
x
At least 2 out of the 3 terms are correct.
1
 2 x  5 ln kx   c 1
e.g. 2 of 2 x,  ,5ln kx
A1
x x
Where k ≠ 0 (k is usually 1) 1
2 x  5ln kx  with or without + c all on
x
one line and apply isw once seen. A1
1 1
Do not allow  for 
x x
[3]
(i) Alternative by parts I:

 
 
  2 x  5 x  1 x dx    2 x  5 x  1 
1 1
2 2 2
 4 x  5 dx 
 x x 
A
At least one of either     ln kx or
x
M1
B
1     x 1 ; A , B ,  ,  non zero.
  2 x  5   4 x  5ln kx  c x2
x At least 2 out of the 3 terms are correct.
1 A1
At least 2 of 2 x,  ,5ln kx
x
1
2 x  5   5ln kx with or without + c
x
1
 5ln kx  c
1
 2x  5  Or 2 x  5ln kx  with or without + c all
x x A1
Where k ≠ 0 (k is usually 1) on one line and apply isw once seen.
1 1
Do not allow  for 
x x
 (i) Alternative by parts II:
 
 2  2 x



3
5x2   2 x3 5 x 2  
  2 x  5 x  1 x dx  x 
2
2
  x   2 x 3    x  dx 

  3 2   3 2   
A
At least one of either     ln kx or
x
M1
B
2x 5 1 4x 2  2    x 1 ; A , B ,  ,  non zero.
     5ln kx   c x
3 2 x 3 x
At least 2 out of the 3 terms are correct.
1 A1
At least 2 of 2 x,  ,5ln kx
x
5 1
2 x    5ln kx with or without + c
2 x
5 1 1
 2 x    5ln kx  c or 2 x  5ln kx  with or without + c
2 x x A1
Where k ≠ 0 (k is usually 1) all on one line and apply isw once seen.
1 1
Do not allow  for 
x x

(i) Alternative:

   
 2 x  5x  1
2
5x  1  1 5
 dx  2 dx  2   5 x  1  x 2 dx   2 x   5 x  1  dx
 x2 x2  x x
A
At least one of either     ln kx or
x
M1
B
 2    x 1 ; A , B ,  ,  non zero.
x
At least 2 out of the 3 terms are correct.
1 A1
At least 2 of 2 x,  ,5ln kx
1
 2 x  5   5ln kx  c
x
x 1
2 x  5   5ln kx  c with or without + c
x
1
or 2 x  5ln kx  with or without + c
x A1
all on one line and apply isw once seen.
1 1
Do not allow  for 
x x
(ii) ì du ü
ïï u = x Þ =1
I   x cos 2x dx  dx ïï
, í ý
ï dv = cos 2x Þ v = 1 sin 2x ï
ïî dx 2 ïþ


 x sin 2 x   sin 2 x dx
M1
BUT if the parts formula is quoted
incorrectly score M0


1 1
x sin 2 x  sin 2 x dx
 2 sin 2x dx
1 1 2 2 A1
 x sin 2 x 
2 simplified or un-simplified
1 1
x sin 2x + cos2x with or without + c,
=
1
2
1
x sin 2x + cos2x + c
4
{ } 2
1
4
 1 
A1
x sin 2 x    cos 2 x  is A0
2  4 
[3]
6
Question 1 Notes
Note The 5lnx can appear in different correct forms e.g. 5ln5x or 2.5lnx2 etc. and allow modulus signs
e.g. 5ln kx

(i)
Note There are no marks for attempts at
 2 x 2  5 x  1 dx

 x dx
2

(ii) Note There are no marks for attempts at

 x cos x dx
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
3 6
2. x t  5, y4 , t0
2 t
(a) dx 3 dt 2 dy
Both = or = and = 6t -2
dx 3 dy dt 2 dx 3 dt
= , = 6t -2 dy B1
dt 2 dt can be simplified or un-simplified.
dt
Note: This mark can be implied.
dy dx
Their divided by their
dy 6t -2
() {
So, = 3 = 4t } -2 dt dt M1
dx 2 dy dt
or their multiplied by their
dt dx
{ When t = 3, } dy =
dx 9
4 4
9
A1 cao
[3]
(b) x+5 6
 t= Þ y=4-
()
3
2
æ x + 5ö An attempt to eliminate t. M1
ç 3 ÷
()
è 2 ø
6 3 6 
 t  x  5
4 y 2 4 y 
Achieves a correct equation in x and y only. A1 o.e.
6 2
   x  5
4 y 3
9
 y4
x5
4( x  5)  9
 y
x5
4 x  11 4x + 11
 y a = 4 and b = 11 or A1
x5 x+5
Do not isw so if they have x ≠ –5, k ≠ –5
x   5 or k   5 score B0 i.e. penalise contradictory B1
statements.
[4]
Alternative 1 for (b):
ax  b 6 a 1.5t  5  b
y 4 
x5 t 1.5t  5  5
6 1.5at  5a  b
4   6t  9  1.5at  5a  b Substitutes for x and y and “compares
t 1.5t M1
coefficients” for term in t or constant term
 6t  1.5at or 9  5a  b
a  4 or b = 11 Correct value for a or b A1
a  4 and b = 11 Correct values for a and b A1
Do not isw so if they have x ≠ –5, k ≠ –5
x   5 or k   5 score B0 i.e. penalise contradictory B1
statements.
[4]
7
 Alternative 2 for (b):
4t  6 3  4t  6  3  4t  6  4  32t  9 4  x  5   9
y    
t 2 32t 2  x  5  x  5  x  5 M1A1
M1: Obtains y in terms of x
A1: Correct unsimplified expression
4 x  11 4x + 11
 y a = 4 and b = 11 or A1
x5 x+5
Do not isw so if they have x ≠ –5, k ≠ –5
x   5 or k   5 score B0 i.e. penalise contradictory B1
statements.
[4]
Question 2 Notes
dy dx
M1 can also be obtained by substituting t = 3 into both their and their and then dividing
2. (a) Note dt dt
their values the correct way round.
Some candidates may use the Cartesian form in (a) possibly having done (b) first. E.g.
4 x  11 dy 4  x  5  4 x  11  9  9 1
y     t  3 x  5  
 x  5  
x5   x  5 
2 2
dx 2 2
dy 9 4
  2

dx  1  9
Note    5
 2 
This would require a complete method to find the Cartesian equation and then B1 for the correct
derivative. Then M1 for a complete method attempting the derivative and substituting for x or t
and A1 for 4/9 as in the main scheme.
The marks for obtaining the Cartesian equation can score in (b) provided their Cartesian
equation is seen or used in (b). (i.e. if they do (a) first)
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number

3.
1
xn + 1 =
3
( x
)
8 - 2 n , x0 = 1.6
(a) Sets f (x) = 0 and makes 1.5x
(or kx) the subject of the formula M1
using correct processing so
0  2x  1  4  1.5x  1.5x  4  2x  1 or 4  2x  1  1.5x allow sign errors only.

 x   4  2   x  8  2  (*)
2 x 1 1 x
1
3
( )
x = 8 - 2 x by cso with at
3 3 least one intermediate step.
or Do not accept recovery from
 4  2 x 1
  x  1 8  2x (*) earlier errors for the A mark. A1 *
 x
1.5 3
  Note that the “= 0” must be
seen at some point for this
mark even if only from f(x) = 0
at the start.
Special case: Starts with 1.5x  4  2x  1 and completes method with no f(x) = 0 is M1A0
[2]
Alternative working backwards:
x 
1
3
 8  2 x   3x  8  2 x  2 x  8  3x  0 Multiplies by 3 and collects
terms to one side or collects
M1
x   8  2 x   0  3x  8  2 x  0
1 terms to one side and multiplies
3 by 3
Obtains 2x 1  4  1.5x  0 by
2x  8  3x  0  2x 1  4  1.5x  0 A1
cso.
[2]

( )
(b) 1 x
For substituting x0 = 1.6 into 8-20 .
1
(
x1 = 8 - 21.6
3
) 3 M1
This mark can be implied by x1 = awrt 1.66
x1 = 1.656 , x2 = 1.616 x1 = awrt 1.656 and x2 = awrt 1.616 A1
x3 = 1.645 x3 = 1.645 only (not awrt) A1 cao
Mark their values in the order given i.e. assume their first calculated value is x1 etc.
[3]
(c) f (1.6325)   0.00100095...
or awrt  1  103 Chooses a suitable interval for x, which is within
1.633  0.0005 and either side of 1.63288… and M1
f (1.6335)  0.00157396...
attempts to evaluate f(x) for both values.
or awrt 1  103 or awrt 2  103
Sign change (negative, positive) (and f (x) is Both values correct awrt (or truncated)
A1 cso
continuous) therefore root   1.633 1 sf, sign change and a conclusion
[2]
7
 Question 3 Notes
3. (a) M1 There are other methods for obtaining the printed equation but the M1 scores for setting f(x) = 0
and making kx the subject of the formula using correct processing e.g.
2x
0  2 x  1  4  1.5 x   4  1.5 x  0  3 x  8  2 x M1
2

x 
1
3
 8  2 x  (*) A1

0  2 x  1  4  1.5 x  2 x  8  3 x  0  3 x  8  2 x M1

x 
1
3
 8  2 x  (*) A1

3. (c) A1 Correct solution only.

Candidate needs to state both of their values for f (x) to awrt (or truncated) 1sf along with
a reason and conclusion. Reference to change of sign or f (1.6325)  f (1.6335)  0 or
a diagram or < 0 and > 0 or one positive, one negative are sufficient reasons. There must be a
conclusion, e.g. a = 1.633 (3 dp). Ignore the presence or absence of any reference to continuity.
A minimal acceptable reason and conclusion could be “change of sign, so true”
Note In part (c), candidates can construct their proof using a narrower range than [1.6325, 1.6335]
which contains the root 1.632888767
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
(- 4)(-5) (- 4)(-5)(-6)
4. (a) (1+ px)- 4 = 1 + (- 4)( px) + ( px)2 + ( px)3 + ... see notes M1
2! 3!
Three of the four terms correct and
= 1 - 4 px + 10 p2 x 2 - 20 p3x 3 + ... A1
simplified.
or All four terms correct and simplified and
= 1 - 4( px) + 10( px) - 20( px) + ...
2 3 isw once a correct answer is seen. A1
Must be seen in part (a).
[3]
 3  4x 
f ( x)    (3  4 x)(1  4 px  10 p 2 x 2  20 p3 x3  ...)  ...
(b)  (1  px ) 4
 M1
Attempts to expand (3 + 4x)  their part (a) expansion.
There should be evidence of at least (3  one term from part (a)) + (4x  one term from part (a))
Note: f(x) = 3 + (4 - 12 p)x + (30 p2 - 16 p)x 2 + (40 p2 - 60 p3 )x3 + ...
Dependent on the previous M
= 3 - 12 px + 30 p 2 x 2 - 60 p3x 3 + 4x - 16 px 2 + 40 p 2 x 3
mark Multiplies out to give exactly
 two terms in x and exactly 2 terms in
"30 p  16 p "  2"(4  12 p)"
2
x 2 and attempts one coefficient = dM1
Or twice the other. This mark can be
or 2" 30 p  16 p "  "(4  12 p)"
2 implied by later working. Allow x’s
to be present for this mark
A1
30 p2 -16 p = 2(4 - 12 p) Correct equation with no x’s
Dependent on the 1st M mark
30 p  8 p  8  0
2
Correct method for solving a 3TQ
 (10 p  4)(3 p  2)  0 or (5 p  2)(6 p  4)  0  p  ... leading to at least one value.
If working is shown see general
dM1
or guidance for solving 3TQs. If no
working is shown then you may
15 p  4 p  4  0  (5 p  2)(3 p  2)  0  p  ...
2 need to check to see if their 3TQ
solves correctly.
ì 2 2 ü 2 2
í p = , - Þ As p > 0, then ý p = p = only. A1
î 5 3 þ 5 5
[5]
2
2 3 Substitutes their p = from part (b) into
æ 2ö æ 2ö 5
(c) 40 ç ÷ - 60 ç ÷ M1
è 5ø è 5ø their coefficient of x (which comes from
3

exactly 2 terms from their expansion)

64 14
Allow or 2 . Condone 2.56.
64 25 25
Coefficient of x 3 is 64 3 14 3 A1
25 Allow x , 2 x , 2.56x3
25 25
If 2 answers are offered, score A0
[2]
10
Question 4 Notes
4. (a) M1 Uses the binomial expansion with n = - 4 and ' x ' = px.
(- 4)(-5) (- 4)(-5)(- 6)
Note M1 can be given for either 1 + (- 4)( px) or ( px)2 or ( px)3
2! 3!
(b) Note Allow recovery in part (b) from missing brackets in part (a). e.g. px 2 now becoming p 2 x 2 .
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
5.

(i) (a) y  e2 x  5  x  e2 y  5 Attempt to make x (or swapped y) the subject

using correct processing so allow sign errors M1
x  5  e2 y  ln( x  5)  2 y only.
1
1 1
ln(x + 5) or ln x  5 or ln( x  5) 2 .
2 2
Correct expression ignoring how it is
 
ln( x  5)  f -1 : x  ln( x  5) 
1 1
 y  referenced but must be in terms of x. Do not A1
2  2  1
allow ln( x  5). or e.g. ln x  5 or ln( x  5
2
unless the correct answer is seen previously or
subsequently.
Domain: x > -5 or (  5, ) x > -5 or (  5, ) Condone domain > -5 B1
[3]
g goes into f and x = 3 is substituted into the
fg(3) = e2ln(3(3) - 1) - 5
(b)
 NB fg( x)  9x 2
 6x  4
{ }
result or finds g(3) = ln8 and substitutes M1
into f
{= e 2ln8
- 5 = 64 - 5 } = 59 59 cao A1
[2]

shape
(ii)(a)
y
A with the vertex on the positive
x-axis (with no significant asymmetry about
the vertical through the vertex). The left B1
hand branch must extend into the second
a quadrant. Do not allow a “y” shape unless
the part below the x-axis is dotted or
“crossed out”
States (0, a) and  14 a , 0 
or 14 a marked in the correct position on the
O 1 x x-axis and a marked in the correct position B1
a on the y-axis. Other points marked on the
4
axes can be ignored.
[2]
(b)
10a ì 5a ü 10a 9a  a 5a
x= or x  or x =
{4x - a = 9a Þ} x=
4 î
íor x = ý
2þ 4 4 2 B1
(may be implied)
Attempt at the “second” solution.
Accept - (4x - a) = 9a or 4x - a = -9a
- (4x - a) = 9a or 4x - a = -9a M1
or  4x = 8a. Do not condone (unless
recovered) invisible brackets in this case.
x = - 2a x = - 2a A1
Substitutes at least one of their x values
ì 5 ü 5 5 from solutions of 4x - a = 9a where
íx = a Þý a - 6a + 3 a ; = 11a
î 2 þ 2 2 x < 6a into x - 6a + 3 x and finds at M1
least one value for x - 6a + 3 x
x   2a   2a  6a  3  2a ;  14a
Must apply the modulus.
Both 11a and 14a and no other answers A1
[5]
12
 Question 5 Notes
The values of x might be found by squaring:
4 x  a  9a  16 x2  8ax  a 2  81a 2  16 x 2  8ax  80a 2  0
5a
16 x 2  8ax  80a 2  0  x  ,  2a
(b) Note 2
Score as follows: B1 for a correct 3 term quadratic (terms collected after squaring)
M1: Solves their 3 term quadratic (usual rules)
5a
A1: x  ,  2a
2
Question
Scheme Notes Mar
Number
6. 5cosq - 2sinq º Rcos(q + a )
(a) R=3 R = 3 , cao (±3 is B0) ( 9 is B0) B1
2 5
tan    , tan       ...
5 2
M1
5 2 2 5
(Also allow cos    or  , sin    or     ... , where “3” is their R.)
3 3 3 3
  0.7297276562...    0.7297 (4 sf ) Anything that rounds to 0.7297 (Degrees is
A1
41.81 and scores A0)
{Note: 5cosq - 2sinq = 3cos(q + 0.7297) } [3]

(b) 5cosq - 2sinq = 0.5

Attempts to use part (a) "3"cos(  "0.7297")  0.5
3cos(  0.7297)  0.5 9and proceeds to cos(  "0.7297")  K , K  1
May be implied by   "0.7297"  1.4033 M1
0.5
 cos(  0.7297)   0.5 
or   "0.7297"  cos 1     1.4033...
3
 their 3 
1  0.673648...  1  0.674 (3 sf ) Anything that rounds to 0.674 A1
dependent on the previous M mark
Correct attempt at a second solution in the range.
2  "0.7297"  "1.4033"  2  ... Usually given for: dM1
2  their 0.7297   their 1.4033  2  ...
2   2.133048...  2   2.13 (3 sf ) Anything that rounds to – 2.13 A1
For solutions in (b) that are otherwise fully correct, if there are extra answers in the range,
deduct the final A mark.
For candidates who work consistently in degrees in (a) and (b) allow awrt 38.6° and awrt – 122°
in part (b) as the A mark will be lost in part (a)
[4]
(c)

Note that part (c) is now marked as B1M1A1A1

B1
B=9 Correct value for B
Writes down at least one pair of simultaneous
equations (or inequalities) of the form
3 A  B  33 3 A  B  15
or RA  B  33 RA  B  15 M1
3 A  B  15 3 A  B  33 or
 RA  B  15  RA  B  33
and finds at least one value for A
A  8 or A   8 One correct value for A A1

A  8 and A   8 Both values correct A1

[4]
11
 (c) B1
B=9 Correct value for B
Alt 1
(2)( A)(3)  33  15 (2)( A)(their R)  33  15  A  ... M1

A  8 or A   8 One correct value for A A1

A  8 and A   8 Both values correct A1
[4]
(c) 33  15 B1
Alt 2 B 9 Correct value for B
2
(their R) A  33  their B  A  ... M1
3 A  33  9  A  8
A  8 or A   8 One correct value for A A1
A  8 and A   8 Both values correct A1
[4]
Question 6 Notes
(c) Note The M mark may be implied by correct answers so obtaining A = 8 implies M1A1
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
1 1 dV
7. V = p h2 (90 - h) = 30p h2 - p h3 ; = 180
3 3 dt
ì dV ü
í = ý ± a h ± b h2 , a ¹ 0, b ¹ 0 M1
dV
= 60p h - p h2 î dh þ
dh 60p h - p h2 A1
Can be simplified or un-simplified.
 dV dh dV
 
 dh dt

dt



(60p h - p h ) dh
2

dt
= 180
æ dV ö dh
çè their dh ÷ø ´ dt = 180
dV
or 180  their M1
 dh dV dV  dh 1 dh
     180  This is for a correct application of the
 dt dt dh  dt 60 h   h 2
chain rule and not for just quoting a
correct chain rule.
Dependent on the previous M mark.
Substitutes h = 15 into an expression
When h = 15, which is a result of a quotient (or their
ì dh ü 1 ì 4 ü dV dM1
í =ý ´ 180 í = ý rearranged quotient) of their and
î dt þ 60p (15) - p (15) î 15p þ
2
dh
180 . May be implied by awrt 0.08 or
0.09.
4
ì dh ü dh Awrt 0.085 or allow oe (and isw if
í = 0.0848826... Þ ý = 0.085 (cm s-1 ) (2 sf ) 15 A1 cao
î dt þ dt necessary)
[5]
5
Alternative Method for the first M1A1
ì 1 2 ü
ïï u = 3 p h v = 90 - h ï
ï
Product rule: í ý
ï du = 2 p h dv
= -1 ï
ïî dh 3 dh ïþ
 dV 
     h(90  h)   h2 (1),   0,   0
 dh  M1
dV 2 1 2 Can be simplified or un-simplified.
= p h(90 - h) + p h (-1)
dh 3 3 2 1
p h(90 - h) + p h2 (-1) A1
3 3
Can be simplified or un-simplified.

Question 7 Notes
dV
does not have to be explicitly stated for the 1st M1 and/or the 1st A1 but it should be clear
7. Note dh
that they are differentiating their V.
1 dV 2
V   h2 (90  h)    h(90  h) scores M0A0 even though it satisfies the
Note 3 dh 3
conditions for the derivative.
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
 1  1  6  1
        Let   acute angle between PQ and l .
8. l1 : r    3     2  , l2 : r  4
     1 ; 1
 2  3  1  1 
       
(a) i: 1   6   (1)
j :  3  2  4   (2)
k : 2  3  1   (3)
(1) and (2) yields l = 2, m = - 3 Attempts to solve a pair of equations to find at
least one of either l = ... or m = ... M1
(1) and (3) yields   1,    4
(2) and (3) yields l = 1.2, m = - 4.6 l and m are both correct A1
Checking (3): 8  4
Attempts to show a contradiction M1
Checking (2): 1  0
Checking (1): 2.2  1.4 Correct comparison and a conclusion. Accept
“do not meet” and accept “are skew”. A1
l1 and l2 do not intersect. Requires all previous work to be correct.
Allow a calculation that gives “8 = 4 so the lines do not meet”
[4]
Alternative for part (a):
Attempts to solve a pair of equations
M1
to find at least one of either l = ... or m = ...
Shows any two of
(1) and (2) yielding l = 2
(1) and (2) yields l = 2, m = - 3 (1) and (3) yielding l = 1
(1) and (3) yields l = 1, m = - 4 (2) and (3) yielding l = 1.2
(2) and (3) yields l = 1.2, m = - 4.6 A1
or shows any two of

(1) and (2) yielding m = - 3

(1) and (3) yielding m = - 4
(2) and (3) yielding m = - 4.6
Attempts to show a contradiction M1
E.g. So 2  1 Correct comparison and a conclusion. Accept
l1 and l2 do not intersect. “do not meet” and accept “are skew”. A1
Requires all previous work to be correct.
[4]
(b)  1  5
   
OP    3  , OQ   3
 2  2
   
Full method of finding or
where P and Q have been found M1
 5  1  4  4 by using  = 0 in l1 and  = -1 in

 
     
    l2
PQ   3     3    6  or QP   6
 2  2  0  0 Correct or
        Also allow for direction,
A1
d PQ = 2i + 3j + 0k and allow
coordinates e.g. (4, 6, 0)
Realisation that the dot product is
 1  4  1  4 required between
         1
d1   2  , d PQ   6    2    6  M1
 
 3  0  3  0  A  2  and their or
       
 3
 
Dependent on the previous M
mark. An attempt to apply the dot
æ (1)(4) + (2)(6) + (3)(0) ö product formula between
cos q = ± ç ÷  1 dM1
è (1) + (2) + (3) . (4) + (6) + (0) ø  
2 2 2 2 2 2
 A  2  and their or
 3
 
16
cos      53.62985132...  53.63 (2 dp)
14 . 52 Anything that rounds to 53.63 A1

[5]
(c) Writes down a correct trigonometric equation involving
d
= sinq d M1
52 the shortest distance, d. e.g. = sin q , o.e.
their PQ

d  
52 sin 53.63...  d  5.8064...  5.81 (3sf ) Anything that rounds to 5.81 A1
[2]
Alternative for part (c): (Let M be the point on l1 closest to Q)
 1  1  1  1  5
         
OM    3     2   QM    3     2    3 
 2  3  2  3  2
         
   4   1
   
 2  6    2   0    4  4  12  9  0
 3   3  Applies a complete and correct
   
method that leads to an expression M1
   4   1 for the shortest distance
    8
 2  6 
   2    4  4  12  9  0   
 3   3  7
   
 20 
   QM   26   QM 
8 1 1
202  262  242
7 7  49
 24 
236
=  5.81 Anything that rounds to 5.81 A1
7
[2]
11
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number

9.

(2x -1)-2 ® ± l (2x -1)-1 or ± lu-1

M1
where u  2 x  1;   0

ò
ì ü (2x -1) -1

(a) í
1
dx ý = {+ c} æ (2x -1)-1 ö 1
î (2x -1)
2
þ çè (-1)(2) ÷ø or - 2(2x -1) oe with or without + c.
(-1)(2)
A1
Can be simplified or un-simplified.
[2]

 
2
 12  144
For    dx or  dx

ò
2
æ 12 ö  2x  1  (2 x  1)2
(b) p ç dx B1
è 2x - 1÷ø Ignore limits and dx .
Can be implied and the π may be recovered later.
5
é -1 ù
V1 = 144p ê ú
ë 2(2x - 1) û 1
Applies x-limits of 5 and 1 to an expression of the
form   (2 x  1)1;   0 and subtracts the correct M1
 1   1  way round.
 144       Correct expression for the integrated volume with
  2(2(5)  1)   2(2(1)  1)   or without the π.
A1
Can be simplified or un-simplified.
Can be implied by 64 or 64p .
 1  
  72     1  64   
 9  
2 2

 
5 5
 12   12 
Note:    dx or   dx evaluated directly as 64 or 64 with no incorrect
1  2x  1  1  2x  1 
working seen scores M1A1 (presumably on a calculator)
Attempts to use the formula p r 2 h with numerical r
4
and h with at least one of r = or h = 4 correct
3 M1
2 2

 
5 5
2 4 4
{ } æ 4ö ì 64 ü
Vcylinder = p ç ÷ (4) í= p ý
è ø
3 î 9 þ
or attempts 
1
  dx or 
3 0
  dx
3
Correct expression for Vcylinder
2
æ 4ö 64 A1
p ç ÷ (4) or p implies this mark
è 3ø 9
ì 64p ü 512 512 8
íVol(R) = 64p - ý Þ Vol(R) = p p or 56 p A1
î 9 þ 9 9 9
[6]
8
Question 9 Notes


5 2
  12   4  
9. (b) Note See extra notes below for how to mark attempts at        dx
1
  2x 1   3  


5
  12   4 
2 2

Note An acceptable approach is        dx
  2 x  1   3 
1
 
5 2
  12   4  
Attempts at        dx :
1
  2x 1   3  

 
 144 16 
5 2 5
 12 4 32
V     dx       dx
 2x 1 3    2 x  12 2 x  1 9 
1 1  

ò
2
æ 12 ö
B1 for the embedded p ç dx (π may be recovered later)
è 2x - 1÷ø
5
 72 16 
    16ln  2 x  1  x 
 2x 1 9 1
 72 80   16  
     16ln 9     72   
 9 9   9 
72  72 
M1A1 for the embedded    72  or     72   
9  9 
 640 
   48ln 9 
 9 

 
 144 16 
5 2 5
 12 4
V     dx      dx
 2x 1 3    2 x  12 9 
1 1  

ò
2
æ 12 ö
B1 for the embedded p çè 2x - 1÷ø dx (π may be recovered later)
5
 72 16 
    x
 2 x  1 9 1
 72 80   16  
        72   
 9 9   9 
72  72 
M1A1 for the embedded    72  or     72   
9  9 
 640 
 
 9 

 
 144 16 
5 2 5
 12 4
V     dx      dx
 2x 1 3    2 x  1 2
9 
1 1 

ò
2
æ 12 ö
B1 for the embedded p çè 2x - 1÷ø dx (π may be recovered later)
5
 72 16 
    x
 2 x  1 9 1
 72 80   16  
        72   
 9 9   9 
72  72 
M1A1 for the embedded    72  or     72   
9  9 
 512 
 
 9 
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
10. C : xe5- 2 y - y = 0 or ln x + 5 - 2y - ln y = 0; P(2e-1 , 2) lies on C.
Either Obtains either
dy dy
 e5  2 y  2 x e 5  2 y
dy dy
   0  Ae5 2 y  Bxe5 2 y    0
dx dx dx dx
dy dy
d y d y
or  Ae5 2 y  By    0
   0
52 y dx dx
 e  2y
A dy B dy
dx dx
or   K    0 M1
x dx y dx
1 dy 1 dy
 2    0 dx
or    Ae   2 y  Bye   2 y
x dx y dx dy
dy dy
dx 2 y 5 2 y 5 or  Ae5   Be2 y  Ky e2 y
 e  2 ye dx dx
dy
A, B, K  0; a , b can be 0
dy dy Correct differentiation. The “ = 0” may be
 e5  e 2 y  2y e 2y A1
dx dx implied by later work.
dy
Ignore any “ =” in front of their differentiation
dx
Uses P(2e-1 , 2) and their gradient equation to
dy dx
find a numerical value for or . Could
dy dy dx dy
At P, e5- 2(2) - 2(2e -1 )e5- 2(2) - =0 dy
dx dx have extra or fewer terms and may have M1
dy dy dy e dx
 e4  0   rearranged their expression wrongly before
dx dx dx 5
dy
substituting. Accept = awrt 0.54 as
dx
evidence.
ì e ü Dependent on the previous M
í mT = Þ ý mark. A correct attempt at an
î 5 þ equation of the tangent at the
eæ 2ö
 y - 2 = ç x - ÷ or x - = 5e -1 ( y - 2 ) point P(2e1 , 2) using their
2 dM1
5è eø e dy
numerical . If using y = mx + c
e 8 e 8 dx
 2  (2e1 )  c  c   y  x 
5 5 5 5 must reach as far as c = …
eæ 2ö 8 ì æ 8 öü
y = 0 Þ - 2 = ç x - ÷ Þ x = - íÞ A ç - , 0÷ ý Finds at least one correct intercept.
5è eø e î è e øþ A1
8
e æ 2ö 8 ì æ 8ö ü For  , allow awrt -2.94.
x = 0 Þ y - 2 = ç- ÷ Þ y = íÞ B ç 0, ÷ ý e
5è eø 5 î è 5ø þ
Dependent on both previous M marks.
1
1  8  8  Applies (their xA )(their yB ) where their xA
Area OAB     2 ddM1
2  e  5 
and yB are exact. Condone a method that gives a
negative area.
32 32 -1 32 32 -1 64
= or e or e . Allow 6.4e -1 but not e.g. A1
5e 5 5e 5 10e
[7]
7
Question 10 Notes
Note Accept the alternative notation for the differentiation e.g. e5  2 y dx  2 x e5  2 y dy  dy  0
 The 2nd and 3rd method marks are available for work in decimals but the final method mark
Note
requires exact work.
dy
Note Accept y  for
dx

Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
3
11. (a) x = 3secq = = 3(cosq )-1
cosq
dx
dq
= - 3(cosq )-2 (- sin q )
dx
dq
(
= ± k (cosq )-2 (sinq ) ) M1

dx ì 3sinq ü æ 3 ö æ sin q ö
dq
= í 2 ý= çè cosq ÷ø çè cosq ÷ø = 3secq tanq *
î cos q þ Convincing proof with no notational or
other errors such as missing θ’s or
Or
missing signs or inconsistent variables.
dx  3sin    3 
  2      tan    3sec tan  * But use of cos1  as
1 A1 *
d  cos    cos  cos 
is OK.

Or Must see both underlined steps.

dx  3sin    3tan   Allow 3tan  sec
  2      3sec tan 
d  cos    cos 
dx
If the is included on the lhs it must be correct but condone its omission and apply isw if
d
possible if it appears correctly at some point in their working.
[2]
(a) 3
x = 3secq =
Alt 1 cosq
ì u=3 v = cosq ü
ï ï
í du dv ý
ï dq = 0 = - sinq ï
î dq þ
0  (cos )  (3)(sin  )
Accept as
dx 0(cosq ) - (3)(- sinq ) (cos )2
= M1
dq (cosq )2 evidence but if the quotient rule is
quoted, it must be correct.
dx ì 3sinq ü æ 3 ö æ sin q ö
dq
= í 2 ý= ç ÷ç ÷ = 3secq tanq *
î cos q þ è cosq ø è cosq ø
Convincing proof with no notational or
other errors such as missing θ’s.
Or Must see both underlined steps. A1 *
dx  3sin    3 
  2      tan    3sec tan  * Allow 3tan  sec
d  cos    cos 
dx
If the is included on the lhs it must be correct but condone its omission and apply isw if
d
possible if it appears correctly at some point in their working.
[2]
 (b)

x2 - 9
Full substitution of in terms of
x
q and "dx" as their "± k secq tanq " .
 
x2  9 ((3sec ) 2  9)
dx  3sec tan  d This may be implied if they reach M1
x 3sec

 tan 2 d  with no incorrect
working seen.
Note: If x  9 is simplified incorrectly to x – 3 the first mark is still available for a full
2

substitution. (Any subsequent marks are unlikely)


 tan 2 d 
M1

(Allow  tan  tan  d  )

 3 tan 2  d

3 tan 2 d 
A1

(Allow 3 tan  tan  d  )


Dependent on the previous M mark
  3 (sec2   1) d dM1
applies tan2 q = sec2 q - 1
  3 (tan    ) k tan 2   k  tan     A1
ìï p ü

ò
6
(x 2 - 9) ï
íArea(R) = dx = éë3tan q - 3q ùû03 ý
x
îï 3 ïþ
p
Substitutes limits of and 0 into an
3
expression that contains a trigonometric
and an algebraic function and subtracts
æ æpö æ p öö the correct way round.
= ç 3tan ç ÷ - 3ç ÷ ÷ - (0) [Note: Limit of 0 can be implied.] M1
è è 3ø è 3øø
If they return to x, they must substitute
the limits 6 and 3 and subtract the
correct way round having previously
obtained a trigonometric and an
algebraic function.
=3 3-p 3 3-p A1

3tan   3 03  3 3   can score the final M1A1 but if no substitution is shown and the answer
is incorrect, score M0
[7]
9
Question 11 Notes
3 dx dx x sin 
x  x cos  3  cos  x sin   0    3sec tan  is M1A1.
cos d d cos
11. (a) Note
dx
M1 for  A cos  B x sin   0
d
(b) Note A decimal answer of 2.054559769… (without a correct exact answer) is A0.
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
12. cot x  tan x  2cot 2 x
(a) cos x sin x Attempts to write both cot x and tan x in
cot x - tan x = - M1
sin x cos x terms of sin x and cos x only
cos2 x sin 2 x  cos2 x  sin 2 x  Dependent on the previous M mark
    Attempts to find the same denominator for dM1
sin x cos x cos x sin x  sin x cos x  both fractions
Dependent on both the previous M
cos 2 x  2cos 2 x  marks. Evidence of correctly applying
   ddM1
1
2sin 2 x  sin 2 x  either cos2x = cos2 x - sin2 x or
sin2x = 2sin xcos x
Correct proof with no notational or other
= 2cot 2x (*) errors such as missing x’s or inconsistent A1 *
variables.
[4]
(a) 1
Alt 1 cot x  tan x   tan x Writes cot x in terms of tan x M1
tan x
1 tan 2 x  1  tan 2 x  Dependent on the previous M mark
   Attempts to find the same denominator for dM1
tan x tan x  tan x  both fractions
Dependent on both the previous M
2 marks. Evidence of correctly applying
ddM1
tan 2x 2 tan x
tan 2 x 
1  tan 2 x
Correct proof with no notational or other
= 2cot 2x (*) errors such as missing x’s or inconsistent A1*
variables.
[4]
(a) 2 1
Alt 2 2cot 2x = Applies cot 2x = M1
tan 2x tan 2x
2 Dependent on the previous M mark
=
2 tan x Attempts to apply the double angle formula dM1
1- tan 2 x for tan 2x
Dependent on both the previous M
1- tan 2 x 1 marks. Obtains a rational fraction with a
= = - tan x single denominator and attempts to split
ddM1
tan x tan x
this up into 2 terms
Correct proof with no notational or other
= cot x - tan x (*) errors such as missing x’s or inconsistent A1 *
variables.
[4]
(b) 5  cot (  15)  tan (  15)  0
 5  2cot ...  0 Obtains an equation of this form. M1
Obtains an equation of the form
5 2
cot(...)    tan(...)   2 M1
2 5 tan(...)  
5
Can be implied by e.g.
 2 2  30  awrt  21.8
2  30  tan 1    A1
 5 or
2  30  awrt 158.2
One correct answer e.g. anything that
A1
  awrt 4.1 or   awrt 94.1 rounds to 4.1 or anything that rounds to
94.1
Both answers correct. Ignore any extra
  awrt 4.1 and   awrt 94.1 answers out of range but withhold this mark A1
if there are any extra values in range.
[5]
Alternative to part (b):
5  cot (...)  tan (...)  0  5tan (...)  1  tan 2 (...)
tan 2 (...)  5tan (...)  1  0 M1
Multiples through by tan (...) to obtain a 3TQ in tan (...)
5  25  4
tan (...)  Solves their 3TQ and proceeds to tan(…) = M1
2
Can be implied by e.g.
 5  25  4 
(  15)  tan 1     15  79.099... A1
 2  or
  15   10.900...
One correct answer e.g. anything that
  awrt 4.1 or   awrt 94.1 rounds to 4.1 or anything that rounds to A1
94.1
Both answers correct. Ignore any extra
  awrt 4.1 and   awrt 94.1 answers out of range but withhold this mark A1
if there are any extra values in range.
[5]
9
Question 12 Notes
Allow candidates to “meet in the middle” e.g.
1 1  tan 2 x
lhs   tan x  : M1dM1 as in Alt1
tan x tan x
2 2
(a) Note rhs  2cot 2 x   2 tan x : ddM1 uses double angle for tan2x on rhs
tan 2 x 1 tan 2 x
1  tan 2 x
 so lhs = rhs
tan x
A1 Correct proof with conclusion
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
1 A B Forming a correct identity. For example,
13. (a) = + 1 º A(2 - x) + B(4 - x) from
(4 - x)(2 - x) (4 - x) (2 - x)
1 A B M1
= +
 1  A(2  x)  B (4  x)  A  ... or B ... (4 - x)(2 - x) (4 - x) (2 - x)
and finds at least one of A = ... or B =....
- 12 1
+ 2
or any equivalent form.
1 1 -21 1 (4 - x) (2 - x)
A=- , B= giving + 2
Cannot be recovered from part (b) and A1
2 2 (4 - x) (2 - x)
must be stated as partial fractions in (a)
and not just the values of the constants.
Correct answer in (a) scores both marks
[2]
(b)

Separates variables correctly. dx and dt

 
1 should be in the correct positions, though
dx  k dt B1 oe
(4  x)(2  x) this mark can be implied by later working.
Ignore the integral signs.
  ln  (4  x)   ln  (2  x),
M1
  0,   0,   0,   0
1
2
1
ln(4- x) - ln(2- x) = kt + c
2
( ) 1 1
ln (4  x)  ln(2  x)  kt oe
Or e.g. 2 2
1 1 A1
ln (8  2 x)  ln(4  2 x)  kt   c  Do not condone missing brackets around
2 2 the 4 – x and/or the 2 – x unless they are
implied by subsequent work.
Using both t = 0 and x = 0
1 1 ì 1 ü
t  0, x  0  ln 4 - ln 2 = 0 + c íÞ c = ln 2 ý in an integrated equation
containing a constant of
M1
2 2 î 2 þ
integration.
1 1 1 æ (4 - x) ö
ln(4- x) - ln(2- x) = kt + ln 2 Þ ln ç = 2kt
2 2 2 è 2(2 - x) ÷ø
Starting from an equation of the form
4- x ± l ln(a - x) ± m ln(b - x) = ± kt + c ,  ,  ,  ,   0 , and applies
= e 2kt
a fully correct method to eliminate their logarithms. (Sign errors M1
4 - 2x
only). Must have a constant of integration that need not be
evaluated.
4  x  4e  2 xe  4  4e2kt  x  2 xe2kt Dependent on the previous M mark
2 kt 2 kt

A complete correct method of rearranging

to make x the subject allowing sign errors dM1
only. Must have a constant of integration
4  4e2 kt
 4  4e  x(1  2e )  x 
2 kt 2 kt
(*) that need not be evaluated.
1  2e2 kt
Achieves the given answer with no errors. A1 *
[7]
(c) ì 4-x ü 4 - 1 ì 3ü Substitutes x = 1 leading to
í = e 2kt ý Þ e 2kt = í= ý M1
î 4 - 2x þ 4 - 2 î 2þ e2kt = value Note: k = 0.1
Anything that rounds to 2.03
æ 3ö
t=
1
{
ln ç ÷ = 2.027325541... = 2.03 (s) (3 sf )
2(0.1) è 2 ø
} Do not apply isw here and do not A1
accept the exact value.
[2]
11
Question 13 Notes
May use an earlier form of their equation to find t when x = 1 e.g.
1 1 1 3
ln (3)  ln(1)  0.1t  ln 2  0.2t  ln
2 2 2 2
M1: For correct processing leading to kt = value
(c) Note
æ 3ö
t=
1
{
ln ç ÷ = 2.027325541... = 2.03 (s) (3 sf )
2(0.1) è 2 ø
}
A1: Anything that rounds to 2.03
Do not apply isw here
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
1 1

14. (x 2 - 4) 2 24(x 2 - 4) 2
(a) y = , x > 2; (b) f (x) = , x>2
x3 x3
(a) 1
1
-
1

u = (x - 4)
2 2
v=x 3 (x 2 - 4) 2 ® ± l x(x 2 - 4) 2 ,   0. M1
Can be implied.
1 1
1 -
du 1 -
1
dv (x 2 - 4) 2 ® (2x)(x 2 - 4) 2 un-simplified
= (2x)(x 2 - 4) 2 = 3x 2 2 A1
dx 2 dx or simplified. Can be implied.
vu¢ - uv ¢ 1

-
1 1 Applies with u = (x 2
- 4) 2
, v = x3, M1
1 v2
(2x)(x 2
- 4) 2
(x 3
) - 3x 2
(x 2
- 4) 2
dy
= 2 their u ¢ and their v ¢.
dx (x 3 )2 dy
Correct , un-simplified or simplified. A1
dx
1 1
-
x 4 (x 2 - 4) - 3x 2 (x 2 - 4) 2
2
=
x6
Either
1
dy
- Simplifies by either correctly taking out a
dy (x - 4) (x - 3x (x - 4))
2 2 4 2 2
dx
 = 1
dx x6 -
factor of (x 2 - 4) 2 from their numerator M1
or
1 1 or by multiplying numerator and denominator
-
dy x 2 (x 2 - 4) 2 - 3(x 2 - 4) 2 1
 = by (x 2 - 4) 2
dx x4
dy - 2x 2 + 12
dy x  3( x  4)
2 2
dy  2 x  12 2 Correct algebra leading to =
  
1
dx
dx 1
dx 1 x 4 (x 2 - 4) 2 A1
x 4 ( x 2  4) 2 x 4 ( x 2  4) 2
{ A = - 2}
[6]
Alternative by product rule:
1 1
1 -
u  ( x  4)
2 2
vx 3 (x 2 - 4) 2 ® ± l x(x 2 - 4) 2 ,   0. M1
Can be implied.
1 1
1 -
du 1 
1
dv (x 2 - 4) 2 ® (2x)(x 2 - 4) 2
 (2 x)( x 2  4) 2   3x 4 2 A1
dx 2 dx un-simplified or simplified. Can be implied.
1
Applies vu  uv with u = (x 2 - 4) 2 , v  x 3 , M1
1 1
 (2 x)( x 2  4) 2 ( x 3 )   3x 4  ( x 2  4) 2 their u ¢ and their v ¢.
dy 1 

dx 2 dy
Correct , un-simplified or simplified. A1
dx
1
dy 1 3( x  4)
2 2 dy
   ... Simplifies by correctly writing as two
1 dx M1
dx x4
x ( x  4)
2 2 2 fractions and attempts a common denominator
dy - 2x 2 + 12
dy x  3( x  4)
2 2
dy  2 x  12 2 Correct algebra leading to =
  
1
dx
dx 1
dx 1 x (x - 4) 2
4 2
A1
x 4 ( x 2  4) 2 x 4 ( x 2  4) 2
{ A = - 2}
[6]
 ì ü dy
ï 24(- 2x 2 + 12) ï Sets the numerator of their = 0 or the
íf ¢(x) = 1
= 0Þý dx
(b) ï ï numerator of their f ¢(x) = 0 and solves to give M1
î x 4 (x 2 - 4) 2 þ
24( 2 x  12)  0  x  6
2 2
x 2 = K, where K > 0

 x  6 or awrt 2.45 x = 6 or awrt 2.45 (Allow x   6 or awrt A1

± 2.45) (may be implied by their working)
Dependent on the previous M mark.
Substitutes their found x into f (x) or the given
1
dM1
expression from part (a). May be implied by
( 6 ) = 24(6 6- 4) ; = 246 62 =
2
4 4 awrt 2.3 or may need to check their value.
f or 3
( )
3
3 3
24 2 4 4
cso leading to fmax = or or 3
6 6 3 3 A1
(Must be exact here)
Range: Correct range of y or f(x). Also allow ft on
their maximum exact value if both of the M’s A1ft
 4  have been scored. Allow f or “range” for f(x).
Or e.g.  0, 3
 3 
[5]
Also accept “the function f is not one-one”
or “the inverse is one-many”.
(c) The function f is many-one B1
This mark should be withheld if there are
contradictory statements.
[1]
12
Question 14 Notes
14 (c) Note Accept
 f is many to one (or 2 values in domain of f map to one in the range)
 f is not one to one
 f -1 would be one to many
 the inverse would be one to many
 it would be one to many
 it is not one to one
 the graph illustrates a many to one function
Do NOT allow
 it is many to one
 You can’t reflect in y = x

Any reference to “it” we must assume refers to the inverse because of the wording in the question

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