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    Divyansh Pandey
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    The document discusses algorithms and flowcharts. It defines an algorithm as a sequence of steps to produce a desired output for given inputs. A flowchart is defined as a graphical representation of the logical steps to carry out a task and how the steps relate to each other. The document then provides examples of flowcharts for tasks like finding the area of a circle, calculating average marks, a multiplication table, and the game of snakes and ladders. It also discusses different symbols used in flowcharts like decision, process, and flow lines.

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    The document discusses algorithms and flowcharts. It defines an algorithm as a sequence of steps to produce a desired output for given inputs. A flowchart is defined as a graphical representation of the logical steps to carry out a task and how the steps relate to each other. The document then provides examples of flowcharts for tasks like finding the area of a circle, calculating average marks, a multiplication table, and the game of snakes and ladders. It also discusses different symbols used in flowcharts like decision, process, and flow lines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    21 views59 pages

    Lect06 Flowchart PDF

    Uploaded by

    Divyansh Pandey
    The document discusses algorithms and flowcharts. It defines an algorithm as a sequence of steps to produce a desired output for given inputs. A flowchart is defined as a graphical representation of the logical steps to carry out a task and how the steps relate to each other. The document then provides examples of flowcharts for tasks like finding the area of a circle, calculating average marks, a multiplication table, and the game of snakes and ladders. It also discusses different symbols used in flowcharts like decision, process, and flow lines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 59

    Algorithms and Flowchart

    Dr. Odelu Vanga

    Department of Computer Science and Information Systems


    Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani
    Hyderabad Campus
    odelu.vanga@hyderabad.bits-pilani.ac.in

    January 24, 2020

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 1 / 40


    Today’s Topics

    Flowchart

    for problem solving

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 2 / 40


    Algorithm and Flowchart

    Algorithm
    Sequence of steps
    which will produce the desired output
    for the given input

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 3 / 40


    Algorithm and Flowchart

    Algorithm
    Sequence of steps
    which will produce the desired output
    for the given input

    Flowchart
    Graphical representation
    to the logical steps to carry out a task
    and show how the steps relate to each other

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 3 / 40


    Flowchart symbols

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 4 / 40


    Flowchart symbols

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 5 / 40


    Flowchart symbols

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 6 / 40


    Flowchart symbols

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 7 / 40


    Flowchart symbols

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 8 / 40


    Flowchart symbols

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 9 / 40


    Flowchart symbols

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 10 / 40


    Sequence Flowchart
    Find the area of a circle of radius r ?

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 11 / 40


    Sequence Flowchart
    Find the area of a circle of radius r ?
    Area = πr 2 , where π = 3.14.

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 11 / 40


    Sequence Flowchart
    Find the area of a circle of radius r ?
    Area = πr 2 , where π = 3.14.

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 11 / 40


    Sequence Flowchart
    Find the area of a circle of radius r ?
    Area = πr 2 , where π = 3.14.

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 12 / 40


    Sequence Flowchart
    Find the area of a circle of radius r ?
    Area = πr 2 , where π = 3.14.

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 13 / 40


    Sequence Flowchart
    Find the area of a circle of radius r ?
    Area = πr 2 , where π = 3.14.

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 14 / 40


    Finding Average Marks
    A, B, C are the marks scored by a student in Science,
    Mathematics and English

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 15 / 40


    Finding Average Marks
    A, B, C are the marks scored by a student in Science,
    Mathematics and English

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 15 / 40


    Finding Average Marks
    A, B, C are the marks scored by a student in Science,
    Mathematics and English

    Esha, who scores 60 marks in Science,


    70 marks in mathematics and 75 marks
    in English. Provide the step-by-step
    execution of the algorithm to calculate
    the average marks of Esha.

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 15 / 40


    Finding Average Marks
    A, B, C are the marks scored by a student in Science,
    Mathematics and English

    Esha, who scores 60 marks in Science,


    70 marks in mathematics and 75 marks
    in English. Provide the step-by-step
    execution of the algorithm to calculate
    the average marks of Esha.

    First step: 60, 70, 75

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 15 / 40


    Finding Average Marks
    A, B, C are the marks scored by a student in Science,
    Mathematics and English

    Esha, who scores 60 marks in Science,


    70 marks in mathematics and 75 marks
    in English. Provide the step-by-step
    execution of the algorithm to calculate
    the average marks of Esha.

    First step: 60, 70, 75


    Second step: ———————?
    Third step: ———————— ?
    Forth step: ———————— ?

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 15 / 40


    Selection flow chart

    if condition is true
    Then
    Process step(s) 1
    else
    Process step(s) 2
    end if

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 16 / 40


    Selection flow chart

    if condition is true
    Then
    Process step(s) 1
    else
    Process step(s) 2
    end if

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 16 / 40


    Repetition Flowchart

    while condition is true


    Do
    Process Step(s)
    Loop

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 17 / 40


    Repetition Flowchart

    while condition is true


    Do
    Process Step(s)
    Loop

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 17 / 40


    Flowchart of multiplication table for a given number N

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 18 / 40


    Flowchart of multiplication table for a given number N

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 19 / 40


    Flowchart of multiplication table for a given number N

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 20 / 40


    Flowchart of multiplication table for a given number N

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 21 / 40


    Flowchart of multiplication table for a given number N

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 22 / 40


    Flowchart of multiplication table for a given number N

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 23 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 24 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game
    How to play:
    Player’s counter start at ’1’.
    Roll the dice ⇒ Move counter.

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 24 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game
    How to play:
    Player’s counter start at ’1’.
    Roll the dice ⇒ Move counter.
    - Counter lands at the bottom
    of a ladder ⇒

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 24 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game
    How to play:
    Player’s counter start at ’1’.
    Roll the dice ⇒ Move counter.
    - Counter lands at the bottom
    of a ladder ⇒ Move up to the
    top of the ladder
    - Counter lands on the head of
    a snake ⇒

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 24 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game
    How to play:
    Player’s counter start at ’1’.
    Roll the dice ⇒ Move counter.
    - Counter lands at the bottom
    of a ladder ⇒ Move up to the
    top of the ladder
    - Counter lands on the head of
    a snake ⇒ Must slide down
    to the bottom of the snake
    The first player to get to the
    space ’30’ is the winner.

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 24 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game
    How to play:
    Player’s counter start at ’1’.
    Roll the dice ⇒ Move counter.
    - Counter lands at the bottom
    of a ladder ⇒ Move up to the
    top of the ladder
    - Counter lands on the head of
    a snake ⇒ Must slide down
    to the bottom of the snake
    The first player to get to the
    space ’30’ is the winner.

    Develop Algorithm and then


    Draw a flowchart to solve this
    problem ?

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 24 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 25 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 26 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 27 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 28 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 29 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 30 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 31 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 32 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 33 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 34 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 35 / 40


    Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 36 / 40


    Switch-Case Flowchart

    Note that expression must return


    integer constant value

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 37 / 40


    Switch-Case Flowchart

    switch (expression)
    {
    case 1:
    Statement 1;
    break;

    Note that expression must return


    integer constant value

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 37 / 40


    Switch-Case Flowchart

    switch (expression)
    {
    case 1:
    Statement 1;
    break;
    case 2:
    Statement 2;
    break;

    Note that expression must return


    integer constant value

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 37 / 40


    Switch-Case Flowchart

    switch (expression)
    {
    case 1:
    Statement 1;
    break;
    case 2:
    Statement 2;
    break;
    ..
    .
    case n:
    Statement n;
    break;

    Note that expression must return


    integer constant value

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 37 / 40


    Switch-Case Flowchart

    switch (expression)
    {
    case 1:
    Statement 1;
    break;
    case 2:
    Statement 2;
    break;
    ..
    .
    case n:
    Statement n;
    break;
    default:
    Note that expression must return Statement;
    integer constant value
    }

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 37 / 40


    Example: switch case

    Write a switch statement to print a op b, where op ∈ {+, −, ∗, invalid}

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 38 / 40


    Example: switch case

    Write a switch statement to print a op b, where op ∈ {+, −, ∗, invalid}


    switch (op)
    {
    case ’+’:
    printf(”%d”,a+b);
    break;
    case ’-’:
    printf(”%d”,a-b);
    break;
    case ’*’:
    printf(”%d”,a*b);
    break;
    default:
    print (”invalid”);
    }

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 38 / 40


    Solve the Examples

    1. Find profit or loss when selling a pen.


    2. Find factorial of a given number N.
    3. Print multiplication table for a given number N.
    4. Find the binary equivalent of given number N only using loop concept.
    For example, N = 372.
    6. Develop algorithm and flowchart for the problem:

    1
    f (1) = 1+
    1
    1
    f (2) = 1+
    1 + 12
    1
    f (3) = 1+
    1 + 1+1 1
    3

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 39 / 40


    .

    Thank You

    Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 40 / 40

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