Department of Civil Engineering

CE 4112 – HYDRAULIC DESIGN

3. Hydraulic Design for Hydraulic

Structures
Dr. Nilupul Gunasekara
nilupul.gunasekara@kdu.ac.lk
Storage Rou ng

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 x Peak points
Outlet

Drainage divide

x x
x x
x
x
x

x
x
üHydrograph at design point
üCan be viewed as a flood wave
x
üWhen it travels downstream,
x into different sec ons of
x x channel, the shape changes
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 Effects of storage
üIf no addi onal inflow occurs between the
upstream and downstream observa on points,
üThen, STORAGE (in CHANNEL and in FLOODPLAIN)
reduces flood peak and broadens the flood wave
Sec on 1

Sec on 2

Sec on 1 Sec on 2
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Storage Rou ng

üThe process of evalua ng the changes in a storm

hydrograph, as it passes through a pond or a
reservoir

üDevelop an ou low hydrograph using,

ü The inflow hydrograph
ü Storage characteris cs of the site
ü Hydraulic proper es of the outlet device
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 Applica ons
üFlood control
üReservoirs/tanks
üChannel dredging
üStorage (or Irriga on) tanks (or reservoirs)
üUnderstanding and regula ng ou low of reservoirs
(any) Sec on 1

Sec on 2

Sec on 1 Sec on 2 6
Simula ng Storage Rou ng

ü Qin –a steady flow rate

ü Un l me t0 - storage buildup
ü At t0 - maximum ou low at maximum head
ü A er me t0 – ou low decrease 7
 Mass balance I- infow,
O – ou low,
S -storage
Instantaneous:

Discrete me step (Δt):

ü Area under inflow hydrograph – volume of water entered barrel

ü Area under ou low hydrograph – volume of water drained out of barrel
ü Area between the inflow and ou low hydrographs – storage in the barrel
ü A er me t0 – area under ou low hydrograph is equal to the storage
ü Mass balance - Areas under the inflow and ou low re equal
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 2 unknowns:
Storage increment
Ou low at the end of me step

Graphical representation of the storage equations

ΔS - Storage increment
Storage and ou low are Δt - me increment from t=i to t=j; i<j
related to the depth of water Ii - Inflow at the start of me step
in the reservoir (for Ij - Inflow at the end of me step
uncontrolled ou low) Qi - Ou low at the start of me step
Qj - Ou low at the end of me step 9
Modified Puls (or Level Pool)
rou ng
üOnly a reformula on
üUnknowns- on right
üAll knowns - on le

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Therefore, the data requirement to
perform storage rou ng:

üInflow hydrograph (using SCS or other appropriate

procedures)
üEleva on versus storage rela onship for the
reservoir
üEleva on versus discharge (ou low) rela onship
for the outlet device

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Data requirement to perform
storage rou ng:

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Solu on method for the modified
Puls rou ng method

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Example 1

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Contour map of potential pond
15 site
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