1.

1 Definition

Kung mapapansin natin, ito yung deck ng bridge na sinuportahan nung mga diagonal cables. Kumbaga, yung
mga cables na yan ay in tension na nagta-transfer ng loads sa mga vertical towers

Speaking of spans, itong mga cable-stayed bridge ay mas mahabang span capacity kumpara ibang bridge like
truss, arch, girder pero uh di mas mahahaba sa mga suspension bridges

1.2 History

- year 1595, Fausto Veranzio made a book which first documented the cable-stayed bridge. this book was
called machinae novae
- although 1595 niya sinulat yung libro, 19 th century pa nagsimulang maitayo yung mas magagandang idea for
this type of bridge

Simulan natin sa Dryburgh Abbey Bridge na itinayo nung 1817 sa Scotland. Wala siyang actual pictures
pero base sa mga libro ganya daw yung itsura niya.

Next is the famous Brooklyn Bridge that is located in New York City. This is a hybrid of cable-stayed and
suspension bridge na itinayo noong 1883.

Last example for the 19th century bridges is yung Bluff Dale Bridge which was built in 1891 in US. Ito yung
oldest known surviving true cable-stayed bridge.

After ng WWII, alam naman natin na marami itong pinsalang naidulot, so dito na naudyok yung progress or
deveploment para mapalitan yung mga nasirang bridges, and I have two examples for this:

Una is yung Albert Caqu’s Bridge, this concrete decked bridge was one of the first contemporary cable-
stayed bridge and was built in 1952.

Ang last is yung Strömsund Bridge that was designed in 1955 at ito raw yung nag-serve as influence para sa
design ng mga bagong bridge of this type.

1.3. Bridge Structural Components

Cable-stayed bridges have three main components which is the decks, its towers and esp. yung cables

These are usually constructed in entirely steel or entirely concrete or pwede both, pero steel daw yung most
suitable material if yung span na gusting ma-achieve ay lalagpas sa 500m tho pricey nga lang siya

Like decks, same materials. Ito structural element na ito sa ay not only fundamental, but they also serve as the
main aesthetical element since ito yung most visible na part.

For design ng cable, may four main aspects which is to be considered: ito yung strength, fatigue, durability,
and aerodynamic stability. so para diyan, designated type of cables din which are R

Since na-mention ko yung design, discuss na rin natin yung types nito based on cable arrangements:

Radial – every cable dapat connected evenly sa deck pero dapat nagmi-meet sa iisang point ng tower
Harp – also parallel design, defined by the word itself, proportion yung distance ng cables sa tower at deck

Fan and Star shaped – dito parang balikataran yung designs nila
1.4. Types / Variations

R Example nito ay iyang Jerusalem Chords Bridge sa Canada

R Example nito ay Sundial Bridge naman sa Spain

R Sunniberg Brigde, Switzerland

R So this fan-design bridge is called Ting Kau bridge found in Hong Kong

Lastly, R Penobscot Narrows Bridge, in US

1.5. Advantages

1 R since pwede gawa na yung deck at tatransfer na lang sa site, mas pinadadali or pinabibilis nito yung
construction

2 R So hindi lang niya kaya magsupport ng longer kundi kaya niya rin withstand yung mga EQ at wind loads

3 R Since yung installation niya mas madali at mabilis mas mura siya at syempre di lang dun, kaya na rin siya
itayo gamit mga machineries kaya less cost for labor

4 R So syempre may limit pa rin itong i-carry na load pero since yung structure, yung construction niya kayang
magtayo ng mas mahahabang bridge kasi pwede idugtong-dugtong

5 R So sa design ng ana nabanggit kanina maraming pwede, challenge na yun sa mga engineers

1.6. Disadvantages

1 So yun nabanggit din kanina na may limit talaga siya kayang buhatin kaya nagiging multi span mostly yung
bridge kapag may hinabol sa length

2 So even though kaya niya magwithstand ng iba’t ibang load, may limit pa rin ulit. Mayroon kasing lugar na
mas malakas yung pressure ng wind kaya dapat mas maingat yung mga engineers sa pag-consider ng
locations at environment for construction

3 Ayan, kahit nakamura ka sa construction medyo intensive yung yung maintenance, inspection or repairment
ng mga bridge most likely dahil sa cables nito

4 Dahil mostly gawa sa metal itong bridge, predictable naman na mas prone siyang kalawangin at mag-
corrode. Kaya mapapagastos ka rin sap ag-paint para ma-prevent or di agad mangalawang

Like girder bridge, unang itatayo yung pier then saka isusunod yung towers

After nung construction ng towers, pwede na ikabit yung first segment ng deck. So dito yung pinaka critical
part ng construction, since minsan hindi na ginagamitan niyang erection cable

Kapag tapos na yung first part ng deck, ikakabit na yung mga susunod, so dito dapat sabay gagawin yung
magkabilang deck both sides ng tower para balanced yung forces. Dapat dito extra careful dahil saka palang
ikakabit yung stay cables.

So ayan, ganun lang siya paulit-ulit yung process hanggang sa mabuo na yung bridge

1.8. Top 10 bridges of this type worldwide (based on length)

- Having a main span length of 816m, and overall length of 5,400m, Jingyue Yangtze River Bridge ranks top
10 sa longest cable-stayed bridges
- This bridge has a unilateral structure na may mixed beams and double towers.

- For rank 9 ay Jujiang Expressway Bridge which is located din sa Yangtze River
- Ito naman ay may main span of 818m and overall length of 1,405m.
- The Pon de Normandie, with a main span of 856m, it is the world’s 8th longest cable-stayed bridge.
- It has an overall length of 2,141m na sinimulan ang construction noong March 1988 and bukas na nung
January 1995.

- The Tatara Bridge spanning 890m yung main span, is the 7th longest cable-stayed bridge in the world.
- The overall length of the bridge is 1,480m and the total width is 30.6m.
- August 1990, May 1999.

- Edong Bridge, with a main span length of 926m across the Yangtze river again in Hubei province, is the
world’s the 6th longest cable-stayed bridge
- Construction on the nine-span continuous cable-stayed bridge was started in 2008 and completed in 2010.

- The Stonecutters Bridge ay merong overall length na 1,596m and a main span length of 1,018m which
makes it into the 4th rank.
- carries three lanes in each direction and has two concrete and stainless-steel towers measuring 298m-high.

- another bridge found in Yangtze River, the Sutong Bridge’s main span measures 1,088m long, while yung
overall length is 6,000m.
- this bridge was officially opened in June 2008 contaning six traffic lanes including emergency lanes.
- the main span is supported by 272 stay cables with lengths of up to 578m.

- the construction of the 330-meter-tall tower was completed in again in China in June 2020.
- The 11,072m long Hutong Yangtze River Bridge is designed with a main span of 1,092 meters
- itong bridge ay mayroong 6-lane expressway on the upper deck and four railway tracks naman sa lower deck
making it the world’s first road-rail cable-stayed bridge

- The Russky Island Bridge having a main span of 1,104m is the world’s 2nd longest cable-stayed bridge
- meron itong 11 spans with a combined length of 1,885m, pero ang overall length nito ay 3,100m, kapag
kasama yung mga viaduct
- meron din itong dalawang lanes in each direction, kasama yung dalawang 321m high na concrete towers.
- longest and shortest cable stays of the bridge are respectively 579.83m and 135.77m-long.

- JiaShao Bridge, again found in China, is the world’s longest cable-stayed bridge with a 2,680m main span
- This bridge consisting eight traffic lanes is 55.6m wide and features six single-column pylons
- It was opened to traffic in July 2013.

1.9 Top 3 Local Cable-Stayed Bridges (so far po, tatlo pa lang yung cable-stayed bridges dito sa bansa. ni-
rank ko rin po ito by their lengths

- una, is the Macapagal Bridge that has a length of 908 m, making it the longest bridge in Mindanao, and the
second-longest cable-stayed bridge in the Philippines
- this bridge is a steel cable-stayed bridge officially named after the former president Diosdado Macapagal
when he was inaugurated in 2007

- next is the Marcelo Fernan Bridge, it is an extradosed link stayed extension having an all-out length of 1237
meters
- before ang tawag dito ay Consolacion Bridge, named after the Municipality of Consolacion

- so last but not the least is the Cebu–Cordova Link Expressway (CCLEX), also known as the Cebu–Cordova
Bridge, kaya ang binanggit sa Macapagal Bridge ay second dahil ang completion nito ay 2022
- at this is a toll bridge expressway that will span 8 kilometers making it the new longest and tallest bridge in
the Philippines, surpassing the San Juanico Bridge in Leyte and Samar.
- its 390m-long main span of the CCLEX ay cable-stayed and will be supported by 145m-high twin tower
pylons. – design: magellan’s cross at flag