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Disciplines and Ideas in

Social Sciences
Quarter I Module 3 & 4:
Approaches in Social Sciences

GOVERNMENT PROPERTY
NOT FOR SALE
Disciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences- Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 3 & 4: Approaches in Social Sciences
First Edition, 2020

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authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Author: Louwelyn B. Baclagan
Editors:
Reviewers:
Layout Artist/
Illustrator:
Management
Team:

Printed in the Philippines by:_____________________________________________

Department of Education
Office Address: Flores St. Catbangan, City of San Fernando, La Union
Telefax: (072) 607- 8137/ 682-2324
E-mail Address: region1@deped.gov.ph
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Disciplines and Ideas in
Social Sciences
Quarter I Module 3 & 4:
Approaches in Social Sciences
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences Alternative

Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Approaches in Social Sciences.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Note to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences Alternative Delivery

Mode (ADM) Module on the Approaches in Social Sciences.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an
active learner.
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This module has the following parts with their corresponding icons:
What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills or
Know competencies you are expected to learn
in the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims

to check what you already know about
the lesson to take. If you get all the
answers correctly, you may decide to
skip this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you

link the current lesson with the previous
one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such
as a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion

of the lesson. This aims to help you
discover and understand new concepts
and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to strengthen your
understanding and skills of the topic.
You may check the answers in the
exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.

What I Have This includes questions or open-ended

Learned statements to be filled in to process what
you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which

will help you transfer your new
knowledge or skill into real life
situations.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate

your level of mastery in achieving the
learning competency.

Additional In this portion, another activity will be

Activities given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also
develops retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in

the module.

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At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
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3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need To Know

The disciplines of social sciences are viewed as those that deal with “human
society, societal groups, individuals in their relationships with others or institutions of
societies and material goods as expression of human cohabitation” (Bayer, 1992?

In your previous lesson, you learned about the tracing of historical foundations
and social context that led to the development of each discipline.

This module will provide you with information and activities that will enhanced
your understanding regarding the importance of the approaches of social sciences.

MELC: 1. Analyze the basic concepts and principles of the major social science
theories.

2. Apply the major social science theories and its importance in examining
socio-cultural, economic, and political conditions.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Interpret personal and social experiences using relevant approaches in
the social sciences.
2. Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the approach

Before going on, check how much you know about this topic.
Answer the pre-test on the next page in a separate sheet of
paper.

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 What I Know

Activity: Picture! Picture!

Direction: Analyzed the picture very carefully and then answer the guide questions
below.

1. How do you see the first picture and the second picture presented?
2. Do you see any social pattern/action that manifested in the picture?

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 What’s In
Activity 1: Read Me! Understand Me!
Directions: Read the importance of the different approaches in social sciences.
Understand what you are reading.

Each of the different approaches in social sciences have their own importance in our
society;
Marxism helped to consolidate, inspire, and radicalized elements of the labour and
socialist movements in Western Europe, and it was later the basis of Marxism-
Leninism and Maoism, the revolutionary doctrines developed by Vladimir Lenin in
Russia and Mao Zedong in China.
Functionalism is very impactful because it looks at every aspect of society, how it
functions, and how that helps society function. This theory helps combine all aspects
of society to meet the needs of the individuals in the society. Functionalism shows us
how our society stays balanced.
Interactionism. The importance of symbols to the development of humans both as
individuals and collectives is at the heart of symbolic interaction theory. Symbolic
interactionism is essentially about how the presence of symbols is fundamental to the
existence of societies, our self-concepts, and our minds.

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 What’s New

DIFFERENT APPROACHES IN SOCIAL SCIENCES 

 
 Marxism- The theory of Karl Marx which says that society’s classes are
the cause of struggle and that society should have no classes
 Interactionism- Viewing society as composed of symbols that people use
to establish meaning, develop views about the world, and communicate
with one another.
 Functionalism- Illustrates how a social institution can work at two
different level-but fulfilling the needs of each individual and meeting the
needs of the whole society at the same time.

Direction: Write M if the statement is Marxism approach, I for Interactionism approach and F for
Functionalism approach.
1. It provides a very harmonious view of society and the family
2. The political and economic theories and later developed by their followers to form the basis for the
theory and practice of communism
3. It shows how each of the parts of society are interrelated, each contributing to the well-being of society.
4. Symbolic meaning that people develop and rely upon in the process of social interaction.
5. Replacing private ownership with cooperative ownership.
6. We are thinking beings who act according to how we interpret situations
7. This approach stresses the great importance of the family, as it is basic building block of society.
8. A political and economic way of organizing a society.
9. Subjective meanings that people impose on objects, events and behaviour.
10. Society’s classes are the cause of struggle and that society should have no classes.

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 What Is It
THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF THE DIFFERENT APPROACHES IN
SOCIAL SCIENCES

1. FUNCTIONALISM APPROACH
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
1. The functionalist approach illustrates 1. The functionalist approach is too
how a social institution can work at two optimistic.
different level-but fulfilling the needs of
2. This perspective tends to ignore the
the whole society at the same time.
conflict and exploitation stressed by
2. Functionalist show how each of the Marxists.
parts of society are interrelated, each
3. By stressing the idea that the nuclear
contributing to the well-being of society.
family is universal.
3. It provides a very harmonious view of
4. It does not consider the ways in which
society and the family.
functions may be performed by other
4. This approach stresses the great institution.
importance of the family, as it is basic
5. Feminists are critical of this approach
building block of society
because it assumes that gender roles are
5, The family is seen as very important in fixed, ignoring the changes that have
passing on the shared norms and values taken place.
which are universal in society
2. MARXISM APPROACH
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
1. It tends to create a system of true 1. It tries to abolish religion.
equality.
2. It negatively affects the educational
2. It offers benefits to the society. system.
3. It helps with capitalism. 3. It does not value the concept of private
ownership.
4. It reduces the tendency of debt.
4. It limits opportunities for
5. It protects the rights of unions.
entrepreneurs.
5. It can lead to communism.

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3. INTERACTIONISM APPROACH
STRENGTHS
1. Underscores the relationship between
the meaning of symbols and a person’s
behavior. In a way, certain behaviors may
be predicted
2. Gives insight into small-scale human
interactions
3. Recognizes the perceptions of reality
are variable and changing
4. Sees humans as active, creative
participants who construct their social
world, not as passive, conforming objects
of socialization (Blumer, 1969).
What’s More
Enrichment Activity: Performance Check! Do it yourself!
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WEAKNESSES
1. Symbols may be interpreted incorrectly
or differently among different groups of
people.
2. It can be difficult to quantify things in
Symbolic Interactionism because this
theory deals with interpretations and is
thus subjective by nature.
3. Overestimates the power of individuals
to create their own realities, ignoring the
extent to which humans inhabit a world
not of their own making (Goffman, 1974).
4. Neglects the emotional dimension of
human conduct, focusing strictly on
logical behavior (Manis and Meltzer,
1978).
5. Not applicable to large-scale social
structures (Manis and Meltzer, 1978)
 Directions: Write also your strengths and weaknesses on the table
below.

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES

What I have Learned

What have you learned? Answer the following guide questions.
1. How does interactionism contribute to society?
2. Why is functionalism important to psychology?
3. How does Marxism help us understand society?

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 What I Can Do
Directions: Visit the website below regarding latent function in structural
functionalism
1. Go to https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2jvpu_DFOEs

Answer the following guide questions:

1. What are things that the video presented?

2. What is your common understanding regarding latent function in structural

functionalism?

Additional Activities

Have you learned so far? At this point expand your horizon.

1. How does interactionism contribute to society?

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 2. Why is functionalism important to psychology?
3. How does Marxism help us understand society?

Assessment

Song Analysis
Direction: Analyzed the song “TATSULOK” by Bamboo

Guide Questions:
1. Do you have personal experience that is similar to the message of the song?
2. How did you cope up with the experience that you encountered?
Why do you think that situation happened to you?
3. Do you think other members of our society experienced the same situation?

Answer Key

1. F
2. M

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3. F
4. I
5. M
6. I
7. F
8. M
9. I
10. M

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References
Printed Materials:
Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences. Arthur S. Abulencia, et. Al.
Website:

https://smashty.wordpress.com
https://medium.com
https://www.britannica.com
https://www.khanacademy.org>mcat
https://quizlet.com
https://flowpsychology.com

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