Name : __________________________

Student ID No. : __________________________

Signature : __________________________

MASTER IN URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING - FACULTY OF ENGINEERING UGM
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER I 2020/2021

SPATIAL THEORY
Friday, 18 December 2020
Open Book, Due: 19 October 2020 no later than 08.00 WIB

General Instructions: (read the following points carefully before you start working)
a. Fill in the Attendance Form (full name, Student ID Number and e-mail address), by clicking
this link: https://bit.ly/34aEOiG
b. Write your full name, Student ID Number on the answer sheet.
c. It is all individual works. Copying from other students’ work or any sources are prohibited.
Please avoid plagiarism.
d. There are 5 (five) questions that have to be answered, the value of each question is written in
bracket at the end of each question. Read them carefully and answer them by following the
instructions.
e. You should write the answer using your own sentence. Figures or illustration may be added
into your text, when relevant/necessary. Sources must be referred.
f. The answers to the questions according to the sequence number of the questions, must be
type-written using MS-Word, on the answer sheet, separate from this question sheet. Font:
Arial 12, Space: 1,5
g. Digital copy/softcopy of your answer sheet must be sent by e-mail to wibisono@ugm.ac.id on
19 December 2020 no later than 08.00 WIB, using the following format of file name: <SPATHE-
2020-FINAL_initial.last-name_student-id-number>
Example: SPATHE-2020-FINAL_a.nugroho_10686

Questions
1. Spatial development of a city throughout periods is normally expressed in some forms or
physical patterns, one of them is known as the leapfrog.
a. Please explain what is meant by leapfrog spatial pattern by including an example
of this particular pattern in Indonesia/Cambodia/Laos/Vietnam. In addition,
mention why and what are the influencing factors that such pattern is produced
(10%: CLO 1 2,5%, CLO 2 2,5%).
b. What are the significant differences with the phenomenon of urban sprawl found
in many cities in the world? Explore your own idea to prevent from and solve the
problem of urban sprawl (CLO 3, 10%).

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2. Within the context of public policy that conforms with the general principles of good
public policy, there is no guarantee that it will produce outputs and outcomes according
to the criteria that have been set for that particular purpose.
a. Explain the principles of good public policy, and mention an example that closely
related or relevant to spatial issues (10%: CLO 1 2,5%, CLO 2 2,5%).
b. Using the same case, please make an evaluation to that particular policy by
adopting a specific approach, i.e. effectiveness of public policy. You may use any
reference(s) by mentioning the source of it. What can be recommended in order
to gain more effective achievements, please elaborate on this matter (CLO 3,
10%).

3. Management of urban space always involves various stakeholders, thus demands for
specific strategies to achieve optimum results. One of them can be conducted through
the establishment of specific institution(s), such as in the case of the development of
new capital city of Indonesia in East Kalimantan.
a. Please identify and plot the context and constellation of potential actors in the
development of new capital city of Indonesia (10%: CLO 1 25%, CLO 2 25%).
b. By understanding the characteristics of the stakeholders and the objectives of
the development of new capital city of Indonesia, please draw a possible
institutional model that fits and relevant to the major issues of the development.
You may use precedent(s) from other countries (CLO 3, 10%).

4. Growth Pole Theory was proposed by a French regional economist Francois Perroux,
who explained economic growth process that does not conform with the principles of
equilibrium. Meanwhile, in Indonesia at the beginning of 1980s, Poernomosidi proposed
a similar idea through the introduction of OGP (Orientasi Geografis Pemasaran) or the
marketing geographical orientation. Explain the role of connectivity, complementarity
and suitability variables, which are pointed out in both Growth Pole Theory and OGP
(CLO 3: 20%).

5. With regard to the above-mentioned concepts/theories (Question Number 4), please

make an elaboration on the substantial difference(s) between the utilization of
suitability concept for urban and rural areas (CLO 3: 20%).

GOOD LUCK, STAY SAFE, HEALTHY AND HAPPY

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