Khanna's Objective Type Questions & Answers in Chemical Engineering [for all types of competitions conducted by GATE, HT’s for admission to M.Tech., Public Undertakingsand other organisations] Om Prakash Gupta B.Tech. (Chemical Engg.) Ex DGM, HRD Bokaro Steel Plant Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) KHANNA BOOK PUBLISHING CO. (P) LTD. Gras oe ele or 40/4844, Ansari Road, Darya Ganj, New Delhi-10002 Phone: 011-23244447-48 Mobile: +91-99109 09320 E-mail: contact@khannabooks.com Website: www khannabooks.comeRe K Objective Type Questions & Answers in CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Om Prakash Gupta Copyright © Khanna Book Publising Co. (P) Ltd. This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher's prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser and without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into retrieval system, or transmitted any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of both the copyright owner and the above mentioned publisher of this book. ISBN: 978-93-82609-77-3 Edition: 2016 Published by: KHANNA BOOK PUBLISHING CO. (P) LTD. 4C/4344, Ansari Road, Darya Ganj, New Delhi-110 002 Phone: 011-23244447-48 Mobile: +91-9910909320 E-mail: contact@khannabooks.com Printed in india by: India Book Printers & Binders, DelhiForeword Although this book by Sh. Om Prakash Gupta is orientd primarily for the students and young Chemical Engineers, it can be of great values to any one engaged in Chemical Engineering Profession. Inspite of Several traditional books being available, the need of a ready means of knoweldge has been long felt. Mr. Gupta has taken the trouble of filling this gap. The book's coverage is broad, the contents are well compiled, with good questions and arranged systematically. am sure, this book will be of great use. Dr. S.C. NaikPreface This book is meant for diploma students of chemical engineering and also petroleum engineering both for their academic programmes as well as for competitive examinations. This book contains 18 chapters covering the entire syllabus of diploma course in chemical engineering and petrochemical engineering. This book in its present form has been designed to serve as an encyclopedia of chemical engineering so as to be a ready reckoner apart from being useful for all types of written tests and interviews faced by chemical engineering and petrochemical engineering diploma students of the country. Since branch related subjects of petrochemical engineering are same as that of chemical engineering diploma students, so this book will be equally useful for diploma in petrochemical engineering students. All the constructive and useful suggestions for the further improvement of the book will be gladly accepted and incorporated in the future editions/reprints. — Om Prakash GuptaContents pen ane wn 11. 12. 13, 14, 15. 16. v7. 18. Fluid Mechanics. Stoichiometry ... Mechanical Operations.. Chemical Process Industries (Chemical Technology) Petroleum Refinery Engineeriny Fertiliser Technology... Heat Transfer. .101 — 130 Mass Transfer.. .131 — 165 Process Control and Instrumentation... 166 — 191 Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics. -192 — 219 Chemical Reaction Engineering and Reactor Design... .220 — 241 Fuels and Combustion .242 — 265 Materials of Construction ..rssmnsnnennennanennennnieneen ; e266 — 285 Process Equipment Design.. .286 — 308 Chemical Engineering Economics 309 — 315 Environmental Engineering. .316 — 336 Polymer Technology. .337 — 348 Miscellaneous Questions. soe 349 — 371Fium MECHANICS 1. A fluid is the one, which (a) cannot remain at rest under the action of shear force. continuously expands till it fills any con- tainer. is incompressible permanently resists distortion. @) © @ In an incompressible fluid, the density is (a) greatly affected by moderate changes in pressure. greatly affected only by moderate changes in temperature, not affected with moderate change in tem- perature & pressure. sensible to changes in both temperature & pressure. Potential flow is characterized by the (a) irrotational and frictionless flow. (®) irrotational and frictional flow. (©) one in which dissipation of mechanical en- ergy into heat occurs (@) formation of eddies within the stream. Newton's law of viscosity relates the (a) shear stress and velocity. (b) velocity gradient and pressure intensity. (c) shear stress and rate of angular deforma- tion in a fluid. (d) pressure gradient and rate of angular de- formation, @) © @ 8. 1. 12. With increase in the temperature, viscosity of a liquid (a) increases (b) decreases (c) remains constant (a) may increase or decrease; depends on the liquid For water, when the pressure increases, the viscosity (a) also increases (b) decreases ()_ remains constant (d) first decreases, and then increases ). For a fluid rotating at constant angular veloc- ity about vertical axis as a rigid body, the pres- sure intensity varies as the (a) square of the radial distance. (b) radial distance linearly. (c) inverse of the radial distance. (d) elevation along vertical direction. ‘The centre of pressur (a) always below the centroid of the area. (b) always above the centroid of the area. (©) a point on the line of action of the resul- tant force, at the centroid of the submerged area. @ A stream tube is that, which has. tion entirely bounded by stream lines (@) acircular (6) any convenient 5. Dimension of absolute viscosity is (c) asmall (d@) a large @ MLT* (®) MLT* velocity is independent of temperature @ MIT @ MLT ie reso en 6. Poise is converted into stoke by (a) unsteady through unchanged cro: ction, (a) multiplying with density (gm/c.c.). (b) steady through changing unchanged cross- (b) dividing by density (gm/e.c.). section. (c) Multiplying with specific gravity. (c) steady and the cross-section is changed. (d) dividing by specific gravity. 14. In turbulent flow, the 7. Dimension of kinematic viscosity. (a) fluid particles move in an orderly manner. (a) MLT™ (b) L2.T* (b) momentum transfer is on molecular seale only, () Lav @ 12.7? (c) shear stress is caused more effectively by cohesion than momentum transfer. ANSWERS 1. (@) 2 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. a) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. () 9 @ 10. (a) ll. @) 12. (b) 13. (@) 14. (d)2 | Objective Type Chemical Engineering (d) shear stresses are generally larger than in a similar laminar flow. 15. Turbulent flow generally occurs for cases in- volving. (a) highly viscous fluid (6) very narrow passages (©) very slow motion (@) none of these 16. An ideal fluid is (a) frictionless & incompressible. () one, which obeys Newton's law of viscosity. (©) highly viscous. (d) none of these. 17. Steady flow occurs, when the (a) conditions change steadily with time. () conditions are the same at the adjacent points at any instant. conditions do not change with time at any point. (d) rate of the velocity change is constant. 18. Which of the following must be followed by the flow of a fluid (real or ideal) ? (@_ Newton's law of viscosity. (ii) Newton's second law of motion, (iii) the continuity equation. (iv) Velocity of boundary layer must be zero relative to boundary. (v) Fluid cannot penetrate a boundary. (@ 1,1, 01 (o) 11,11, V © LILV @ 1, 19. The unit of velocity head is (a) m-Kg/Sec (&) m-Kg/m? (©) mKgs/Kg @ m-Kgs/Sec 20. Bernoulli's equation describes the (a) mechanical energy balance in potential flow. () kinetic energy balance in laminar flow. (©) mechanical energy balance in turbulent flow. (d) mechanical energy balance in boundary layer. 21. The kinetic energy correction factor for veloc- ity distribution of laminar flow is () (@) 05 () 1.66 ©. @2 22. In frictional fluid flow, the quantity, P P (@) constant along a streamline. () Not constant along a streamline. 25. 26. 27. 30. a1. (©) Increased in the direction of flow. (d) None of these. . The momentum correction factor for the veloc- ity distribution of laminar flow is (a) 13 (b) 1.66 (co) 25 (d) none of these . The head loss due to sudden expansion is py ae wo Gott ge 2g. Ge () (@ 28. Be The head loss due to sudden contraction is proportional to (a) velocity (b) velocity head (©) turbulence (@)_ none of these ‘The value of critical Reynolds number for pipe flow is (a) 1300 (®) 10,000 (©) 100,000 (d)_ none of these. Reynolds number for flow of water at room temperature through 2 em dia pipe at an aver- age velocity of 5 cm/sec is around (a) 2000 () 10 (©) 100 (@) 1000 . Shear stress in a fluid flowing in a round pipe @ Oo} © varies parabolically across the cross-section. remains constant over the cross-section. is zero at the centre and varies linearly with the radius. is zero at the wall and increases linearly to the centre @ Discharge in laminar flow through a pipe varies (@) as the square of the radius. (®) inversely as the pressure drop. (©) inversely as the viscosity. (@) as the square of the diameter. Boundary layer separation is caused by the re- duction of pressure below vapour pressure. (@) reduction of pressure below vapour pressure. (b) reduction of pressure gradient to zero. (©) adverse pressure gradient. (@) reduction of boundary layer thickness to zero. ‘The friction factor for turbulent flow in a hy- draulically smooth pipe (@) depends only on Reynolds number. ANSWERS 15.(d) 16 (@) 17. (c) 18 (b) 19. (c) 20. (a) 21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (6) 25. (b) 26. (a) 27. d) 28. (e) 29. (a) 380. (@)— 381. (a)Flitid Mechanics (6) does not depend on Reynolds number. (©) depends on the roughness. (@) none of these 82. For a given Reynolds number, in a hydrauli- cally smooth pipe, further smoothening.....the friction factor. (a) brings about no further reduction of (®) increases (©) decreases (d) none of these 83. Hydraulic radius is the ratio of (a) wetted perimeter to flow area. (b) flow area to wetted perimeter. (©) flow area to square of wetted perimeter. (@) square root of flow area to wetted perimeter. 84, Reynolds number is the ratio of (a) viscous forces to gravity forces. (b) inertial forces to viscous forces. (©) viscous forces to inertial forces. (d) inertial forces to gravity forces 35. Mach number is the ratio of the speed of the (a) fluid to that of the light. (6) light to that of the fluid. (©) fluid to that of the sound. (d) sound to that of the fluid. 36. Power loss in an orificemeter is venturimeter. (a) less than (©) same as (©) more than (d) data insufficient, cannot be predicted 87. The velocity profile for turbulent flow through a closed conduit is (a) logarithmic (®) parabolic (©) hyperbolic @ linear 88. For laminar flow through a closed conduit, @ V,..=2V,, @® Vi=V, © Vi. =18V,, @ V2 05v,, = 16/NRe, is valid for (a) turbulent flow (®) laminar flow through an open channel (0) steady flow (d) none of these 40. Consider two pipes of same length and diame- that in a @ fl=p @) A

f (d) data not sufficient to relate fl & 2 41, Bernoulli's equation for steady, frictionless, continuous flow states that the ......at all sec- tions is same. (q) total pressure (®) total energy (©) velocity head (@)_ none of these 42. Drag is defined as the force exerted by the (a) fluid on the solid in a direction opposite to flow. (b) fluid on the solid in the direction of flow. (c) solid on the fluid. (@) none of these. 48, Drag co-efficient for flow past immersed body is the ratio Of oon. .to the product of velocity head and density. (a) shear stress (®) shear force (©) average drag per unit projected area (@) none of these 44, Stoke’s law is valid, when the particle Reyn- olds number is @a () >1 © <6 (d) none of these 45. Drag co-officient CD, in Stoke's law range is given by 4 a) Cy C= @ Co“ 0.079 © @ RS R= 46. At low Reyn0olds number (a) viscous forces are unimportant. (b) viscous forces control. (©) viscous forces control and inertial forces are unimportant. (@) gravity forces control. 47. At high Reynolds number (a) inertial forces control and viscous forces are unimportant. (b) viscous forces predominate. (c) imertial forces are unimportant and vis- cous forces control. ter through which water is passed at the same | _ (d) none of these. velocity. The friction factor for rough pipe is /1 | 48, Pressure drop in a packed bed for laminar flow and that for smooth pipe is 2. Pick out the cor- is piven by the ‘equation rect statement. (a) Kozney-Karman ANSWERS 32.(a) 33. (&) 34. (6) 35. @) ~—- 3B (@)-—37. (@) ~—8B. (a)_—39. (B) 40. (c) 416) 42.) 43.) «44. @) 45.) 48.) AT) 48. (a)4 | Objective Type Chemical Engineering () Blake-Plummer (©) Leva’s (@) Hagen-Poiseulle’s 49. Pressure drop in packed bed for turbulent flow is given by the. ‘equation. (a) Kozney-Karman (6) Blake-Plummer (©) Leve’s (@) Hagen-Poiseulle’s 50. Forces acting on a particle settling in fluid AF nnn nnnne AOFERS. (a) gravitational & buoyant. (®) centrifugal & drag. (©) gravitational or centrifugal buoyant (d) external, drag & viscous, 51, Terminal velocity is (a) aconstant velocity with no acceleration. (6) a fluctuating velocity. (©) attained after moving one-half of total dis- tance, (d) none of these. 52. Dragco-efficientin hindered settlingis... that in free settling. (a) less than (6) equal to (c) not necessarily greater than (@) always greater than 53. For the free settling of a spherical particle through a fluid, the slope of, CD —log NRe, plot is @ 1 ) A © 05 @ ~05 54, In continuous fluidisation (a) solids are completely entrained. (®) the pressure drop is less than that for batch fiuidisation. (©) there is no entrainment of solids. (d) velocity of the fluid is very small. 55. Pressure drop in a fluidised bed reactor is.......thatin a similar packed bed reactor. (@) less than () more than (©) same as (@) none of these 56. Ina fluidised bed reactor (a) temperature gradients are very high. (0) temperature is more or less uniform. (©) hot spots are formed. (@) segregation of the solids occurs, 57. Lower BWG means.......of the tube. (a) lower thickness (6) lower cross-section (©) outer diameter (d) inner diameter 58. Cavitation occurs in a centrifugal pump when the suction pressure is (a) less than the vapour pressure of the liquid at the temperature. (b) greater than the vapour pressure of the liquid at the temperature. (c) equal to the vapour pressure. (d) equal to the developed head. 59. Cavitation can be prevented by (a) suitably designing the pump. () maintaining the suction head sufficiently greater than the vapour pressure. (c) maintaining suction head = developed head. (@) maintaining suction head lower than the vapour pressure, 60. Priming is needed in a. pump. (a) reciprocating (b) gear (©) centrifugal @ diaphragm 61. The general relationship between speed N, head H, power P and discharge Q for a cen- trifugal pump is (@) Q* N:H®N*:P Ne (o) Q* Ne:HEN': PON () Q* N:H®N:P “Ne @ Q*N:H*EN PEN 62, ‘The maximum depth from which a centrifugal pump can draw water is (a) dependent on the speed of the pump. (b) dependent on the power of the pump. (c) 34 feet. (a) 150 feet. 68. Boilerfeed waterpumpisusually a pump. (@) reciprocating (©) multistage centrifugal 64, Plunger pumps are used for (a) Higher pressure (b) (®) gear (@) diaphragm (©) viscous mass (d)_ none of these 65. Molten soap mass is transported by a pump. (@) diaphragm (b) reciprocating (© gear @ centrifugal 66. To handle smaller quantity of fluid at higher discharge pressure, USe @ .......0PUMD. (a) reciprocating (®) centrifugal (©) volute (d) rotary vacuum 67. The actual velocity at vena-contracta for flow through an orifice from a reservoir is given by ANSWERS 49. (b) 59. (6) 50. (c) 60. (0) 51. (@) 52d) 53. (b) BA. 61. (a) 62.(c) 63. (c) 64, (@) 55. (b) (a) 65. (@) 56. () 66. (a) 57.) 58. (a) 67. (a)Flitid Mechanics 5 (@) Cv.2gh @ Cd.\2ght 68, The fluid jet discharging from a 2” diameter orifice has a diameter of 1.75” at its vena con- tracta. The co-efficient of contraction is @) Ce.f2git @) Cvla @ 13 (®) 0.766 (© 0.87 (@)_ none of these 69. The discharge through a V-notch weir varies as @ He @) He © He @ 70. The discharge through a rectangular weir var- ies as @ He @) He © He @ He 71. Baffles in mixing tanks are provided to (a) reduce swirling and vortex formation. () increase the structural strength of tank. (©) aid in rotational flow. (@) none of these 72, Froude number is the ratio of (a) shear stress to gravitational stress. (b) drag stress to shear stress. (©) inertial stress to shear stress. (@) inertial stress to gravitational stress 78. Most commonly use joint in the underground pipe lines is the (a) sleeve joint (®) coupling (©) flange (@) expansion joint, 74, The valve used for very remote and accurate control of fltid i$ @....0.n0nevalve, (a) needle (®) globe (© gate @ butterfly 75. Check valves are used (@) at high pressure. (o) in bends. (©) for controlling water flow. (@) for unidirectional flow. 76. Which of the following facilitates close control of flow of fluids? (@) Gate valve (®) Globe valve (©) Butterfly valve (@) Check valve 77. The valve commonly used in pipes larger than 2? dia isa (a) globe valve (®) plug-cock (©) gate valve (@ check valve 78. A.2” gate valve fitted in a pipe is replaced by a similar globe valve. Pressure drop in gate valve was Ap. For the same discharge, the pressure drop across globe valve is (@) op ()

Ap (@) ope 79. Function of air vessel provided in a reciprocat- ing pump is to (a) reduce discharge fluctuation. (b) reduce the danger of cavitation. (c) avoid the necessity of priming. (d) increase the pump efficiency. 80. Head developed by a centrifugal pump de- pends on its (a) speed (®) impeller diameter (©) both (a) and (6) (d) neither (a) nor (6) 81. The head loss in turbulent flow in a pipe varies (a) as velocity (b) as (velocity)® (c) inversely as the square of diameter (d) inversely as the velocity 82. One dimensional flow implies (a) flow in a straight line. (b) steady uniform flow. () unsteady uniform flow. (d) a flow which does not account for changes in transverse direction. 83. In case of centrifugal fan or blower, the gas ca- pacity varies as (a) speed (©) (speed? 84, The continuity equation (a) relates mass flow rate along a stream tube. (b) relates work and energy. (c)_ stipulates that Newton’s second law of motion must be satisfied at every point in the fluid (a) none of these. 85. Foot valves are provided in the suction line of a centrifugal pump to (a) avoid priming every time we start the pump. (b) remove the contaminant present in liquid, (c) minimise the fluctuation in discharge (a) control the liquid discharge. 86. Differential manometer measures the (a) atmospheric pressure. (b) sub-atmospheric pressure. (c) pressure difference between two points. (a) none of these. 87. Velocity distribution for flow between two fixed parallel plates (®) (speed)? (d) (speed)® ANSWERS 68.(b) 69. (c) 70. (d) Tila) 72. (d) 73. (a) 74. (a) 75. (@)— 76, (B) TT. (ec) 78.(c) 79. (a) 80. (c) 81.(6) 82. (d) 83. (a) 84. (a) 85. (a)_—-86. (c)_ 87. (a)6 | Objective Type Chemical Engineering (a) varies parabolically across the section. (b) is constant over the entire cross-section. (©) is zero at the plates and increases linearly to the midplane none of these. @ 88. While starting a centrifugal pump, its deliv- ery’ valve should be kept (a) opened. (®) closed. (©) either opened or closed ; it does not make any difference. (@) either opened or closed; depending on the fluid viscosity. 89. A centrifugal pump designed for handling wa- ter (1 = 1 ep) will deliver when pumping a thicker oil (n= 30 ep). (a) less head & capacity () more head (©) more capacity (d) less head & more capacity 90. Flow rate of high velocity flue gas discharged through a stack to the atmosphere can be most conveniently measured by a (a) pitot tube () manometer (©) rotameter (@)_ none of these 91. Maximum theoretical suction lift for water at 15°C by a centrifugal pump is 34 ft. The same for water at 90°C will be... ft. (@ 40 () 34 © 8 @) 37 92, Friction factor for a hydraulically smooth, pipe at N,, = 2100 is fl. If the pipe is further smooth- ened (ie., roughness is reduced), the friction fac- tor at the same value of N,., will (a) increase. (b) decrease. (©) remain unchanged. (@) increase or decrease depending on the pipe material 93. Vena-contracta formed during flow of a liquid through an orificemeter has (a) minimum liquid cross-section. (b) more diameter compared to orifice diameter. (©) minimum velocity of fluid stream. (d) none of these 94, Reciprocating pumps compared to ‘centrifugal pumps (a) deliver liquid at uniform pressure. (6) can handle slurries more efficiently. (c) are not subject to air binding. (a) can be operated with delivery valve closed. 95. A tube is specified by its (a) thickness only (b) outer diameter only (c) thickness & outer diameter both (@) inner diameter 96. For pipes that must be broken at intervals for maintenance, the connector used should be a/an (@) union (b) tee (©) reducer @ elbow 97. If more than two branches of pipes are to be connected at the same point, then use a/an (@) elbow (®) union () tee (d)_ none of these. 98. The most economical flow control valve for use with large diameter pipes is a (a) butterfly valve (6) globe valve (©) needle valve (@)_ none of these 99. Which of the following factors does not contrib- ute to the pressure drop in a pipeline ? (a) Velocity of fluid (b) Size of pipe (c) Length of pipe and number of bends (@) None of these 100. Which of the following can be used to create a flow of gas, where no significant compression is required ? (a) Reciprocating compressor (b) Blower (©) Axial flow compressor (@) Centrifugal compressor Erosion and pits formation on the impeller of ‘centrifugal pump may be due to (a) cavitation. (6) low speed of impeller. (©) its operation with delivery valve closed for considerable time after starting the pump. (@) off centering of pump with motor. Which of the following valves will incur max- imum pressure drop for the same discharge of water? (a) Globe valve (®) Gate valve (©) Needle valve (d)._ Butterfly valve While starting an axial flow pump, its deliv- ery valve should be kept, (@) open (b) closed (©) either open or closed (d) none of these 101. 102, 103, ANSWERS 88. (b) 89. (a) 90. (a) 91. (@) ~— 92. (a)_—98. (a) 94. (0) 9B. (c)- 9B. (a) 97. (c) 98. (a) 99. fd) 100. (6) 101. (a) 102. (c)—108.a)Fluid Mechanics 104. Interstage coolers are provided in a multi- stage compressor to (@) save power in compressing a given vol- ume to a given pressure, (®) cool the delivered air. (©) achieve the exact delivery pressure. (@) none of these. 105. Surge tanks are provided in high pressure water pipelines to (a) store a definite quantity of water all the time (®) reduce the water hammer. (©) facilitate easy dismantling of pipeline for cleaning and maintenance. (@) none of these. 106. Pipes having diameter 14 inches or more are designated by their (a) outside diameter (b) inside diameter (©) schedule number (d) none of these 107. Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) of a pipe less than 12 inches in diameter indicates its (@) inner diameter (®) outer diameter (©) thickness (@) neither inner nor outer diameter 108. The most important factor, which determines the maximum height to which water can be lifted by a pump at standard temperature is the (@) barometric pressure (®) speed of the impeller (©) diameter of the impeller (@) both (6) and (c) 109. Gear pump (a) isa positive displacement pump. () isa centrifugal pump. (©) is a non-positive displacement pump. (d) canbe started with delivery valve closed. 110. When the water is warm, the height to which it can be lifted by a pump (a) decreases due to reduced viscosity. (B) decreases due to reduced vapour pressure. (©) increases due to increased vapour pressure. (d) decreases due to increased frictional re- sistance. 111. Multistage centrifugal pumps are generally used for (@) high head, (®) low head but high discharge, (©) highly viscous liquid, (@) slurries of high solid concentration. 112, 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 7 ‘Nominal size of the discharge pipe of a pump is usually.........0uthe nominal size of the inlet pipe. (q@ smaller than (6) larger than (©) same as (@) twice Horsepower requirement for given pump ca- pacity depends upon the (a) specific gravity of the liquid (®) suction lift (©) discharge head (d) all (a), (6) and (c) Which of the following is the most common pump for pumping either raw sewage or sludge ? (a) Electromagnetic pump (®) Centrifugal pump (©) Reciprocating pump (@) Gear pump Self-priming centrifugal pump can be used for (a) booster service. (®) pumping liquid fertilisers (e.g. liquid NH). (©) pumping industrial wastes @) all (a), () and (o). LD. of 1/4” schedule 40 pipe is 0.64”, LD. ofa 1/2” schedule 40 pipe would be .........imeh (@) 4.728 () 05 (©) 0.622 (@ 0.474 With increase in the schedule number of a pipe of a particular nominal size, the (a) wall thickness also increases. (b) LD. of the pipe decreases. (©) O.D. of the pipe remains constant. (d) all (a), (6) and (c) ‘The nominal size ofa hose pipe is specified by its (@ ID. () OD. (©) thickness (d) none of these Fanning friction factor equation applies to the... fluid flow, (a) non-isothermal condition of (6) compressible (©) both (a) and (6) (@) neither (a) nor (6) Which of the following may be termed as a variable orifice flowmeter? (a) Rotameter —(b) Pitot tube (©) V-notch (d) All (a), (6) and (c) Pressure gradient in the pipe flow is influ- enced by the ANSWERS 104.(a) 105. (6) 106. (a) 107.(d) 108. (a) 113.(d) 114.(c) — 115.(6) 116.) 117. (d) 109.(a) —110.(6) 111. (a) 112.(a) 1s(q) 119.) :120(a)_-121.(d)8 Objective Type Chemical Engineering (a) diameter of pipe, 129, Viscosity of a liquid decreases... with (®) velocity of the fluid. rise in temperature. (c) density & viscosity of the fluid. (a) exponentially (linearly (@) all (a), ) and) (©) logarithmically (d) none of these 122, Check in a centrifugal pump is 180, Pick out the Hagen-Poiseulle’s equation. r eat (a) provided in the discharge line Ap, LF (b) generally a globe valve. @ —4h—5— ‘7 ji js ) p Dx, (c) provided to prevent liquid from backing 28, up through the pump when the pump is LI turned off or accidently stops running. (b) p= 32 (d) all (a), () and (c). io 123, Cavitation in a centrifugal pump results from AP 591-2) (a) high discharge pressure () Pe (®) low barometric pressure . (6) high discharge velocity na ply (@) high discharge rate @ [=D sae ee rein Wed for Pumping | 131. Equivalent length ofa pipe fitting is (a) Single stage centrifugal pump (@) dependent on Reynolds number. (®) Gear pump (®) independent of Reynolds number. (c) Screw pump (©) dependent on the length of the pipe (@) Duplexitriplex reciprocating pump (@) none of these. ‘ch of the following is most prone to pul- | 182 Creeping flow around a sphere is defined, eae flocharce tog most Prone te Pub when particle Reynolds number is (a) Contritagal pump (@) <2100 @) <01 ©) Reciprocating purap (©) >25 (@ <500 (c) Gear pump 183, Pressure drop (Ap) for a fluid flowing in tur- (@ Axial flow pump Bulent dow through a pipe sw funtion of e- 126, A centrifugal pump designed to pump water pe ee va is employed to pump a more viscous oil, In ee : the later case, the pump a ON (a) develops a lower head. a(#e 2/500 is movi sth () capachy is reduced 184, Aduid (4 0.0 emi 1s ismoving att (©) requires more power. it ana a cal flow condition (N, = 2100) through a pipe of CONS . dia 3 cms. Velocity of BOW i5.........ema/see. 127. With a constant diameter impeller of a cen- @ 7 ®) 700 ae PUmp varies directly ax th (©) 7000 (@ 630 Oo fepeed "| 185, Multistage compressors are used in industry, (®) head varies as the square of speed poems (©) horsepower input varies as the square of (@) reduce the cost of compressor. speed fe) seduce te sine rgsioemen ad varies as the spec (c) resemble closely toisothermal compression. 198, ° he ave oe ome a trifugal (@) are easy to control. * ite the impeller diameter. | 186. Forpumping slurry, onecan use jump. (a) capacity varies directly with (@) reciprocating (6) diaphargm (®) head varies as the square of (©) centrifugal (@) pneumatic (©) horsepower varies as the cube of 187. The pressure head of a flow meter remains (@) all (a), () and (c) constant for ANSWERS 122.(d) 128.06) 124. (@) -125.(@) 126.) 127.6) 128d) 128) 180.) 181.(a) 132.6) 188.) 134(@) 185.) —:186.(6)_——187.(e)Fluid Mechanics 9 138. 139. 140. 141, 142, 148, 144, 138. (c) 147.) (a) venturimeter _(b)_orificemeter (©) rotameter (@) pitot tube For very low pressure and high discharge rate, the compressor used is AAD. compressor. (a) axial (b) reciprocating (©) rotary (@)_ none of these Reynolds number for water flow through a tube of LD. 5 em is 1500. Ifa liquid of 5 cen- tipoise viscosity and 0.8 specific gravity flows in the same pipe at the same velocity, then the pressure drop will (a) increase (&) decrease (© remain same (d) data insufficient to predict pressure drop A liquid is pumped at the rate of 600 litres using 1000 rpm. If the rpm is changed to 1100, the liquid pumped is. litres, (@) 600 () 660 @ 11 @ 60 For the same flow rate of a fluid, the pressure drop is the least for (@) venturimeter (b) orificemeter (©) flow-nozzle (d) Apis same for all Two fluids are flowing through two similar pipes of the same diameter. The Reynold’s number is same. For the same flow rate if the viscosity of a fluid is reduced to half the value of the first fluid, the pressure drop will (a) increase (b) decrease (©) remain unchanged (@) data insufficient to predict relative Net positive suction head (NPSH) of a cen- trifugal pump must be (a) greater than the vapour pressure of the liquid. less than the vapour pressure of the liquid. equal to the vapour pressure of the liquid. less than barometric pressure. @) © @ A centrifugal pump used to pump water is used to pump an oil with specific gravity of 145, 146. 147. 148, 149. 150. 161. 152. Assuming flow to be laminar, if the diameter of the pipe is halved, then the pressure drop will (@) increase (®) decrease (©) remain same —(d)_ be quadrupled For the transfer of solution of thick slurry, the pump used is a, pump. (a) reciprocating () gear (©) diaphragm (@) centrifugal Pick out the Kozney-Karman equation (valid for low N,,) for fluid flow through a packed bed of solids, Ap L (@) Wao D 2g, a 4,=0D +1.75 ADB Dy os! LI, u-E © ‘Ap g. DE SL VE 1-E Bernoulli's equation accounts for the (a) Various momentums (6) Various masses (c) Different forms of mehanical energy (a) none of these When the pipe Reynold’s number is 6000, the flow is generally (a) viscous (&) laminar (o) turbulent (d) transition Diaphragm pumps are used to transport @ (a) solids (®) liquids (©) fluids (@) slurries Cocks are used to control (@) water (®) any liquid (©) solids (d)_ none of these Check valve is used for... flow. (a) very precise control of (6) unidirectional (©) multidirectional (d) none of these 0.8 at the same rate. The power consumption | 158, Nominal size of a pipe is an indication of will now its......diameter. (@) increase (a) inner (6) outer ® decrease (©) approximate —_—(d)_ none of these (@) data insufficient to predict ANSWERS 139.(a) 140.(6) 141.(@) 142.8) 148. (a) 144.10) 145) 146.) 148. (d) —149.(c) 150d) 151.6) 152.06) 153.6)10 15: 151 156. 157. 158. 159, 160. Objective Type Chemical Engineering du 4. In power law, ¢ -4() +B,ifn=1andB # 0, then the fluid is (@) Newtonian (®) dilatant (©) thixotroipe (@) rheopectic 5. Cavitation ina pump creates somany undesirable effects. Out of the following, which is not an undesirable effect created by eavitation ? (a) Decrease in effect (®) Increase in thrust (©) Develops noise (@) Develops high pressure A rotameter works on the principle of... pressure drop. (q) constant (b) variable (©) both (a) & (6) (d) neither (a) nor (b) Enamels and paints are generally. fluid, (a) reheopectic (b) pseudo-plastic (©) thixotropic (@) dilatant For ideally incompressible fluid, the Mach number will be (@ 15 @ 4 0 @ 5 Select the correct practical example of steady non-uniform flow, (a) Motion of water around a ship in a lake. () Motion of river around bridge piers. (© Steadily decreasing flow through a re- ducing section. (d) Steadily increasing flow through a pipe. streamline is (a) the line connecting the mid-points of flow cross-sections. defined for uniform flow only. drawn normal to the velocity vector at every point. (d) always the path of a particle ) © 163. 164, 165. 166. 167. 168. (b) energy is not constant along a stream- line. energy is constant along a streamline. there exists a velocity potential. © @ Which of the following is a dimensionless pa- rameter ? (a) Angular velocity (6) Specific weight (©) Kinematic viscosity(d) None of these In laminar flow through a round tube, the discharge varies (a) linearly as the viscosity. (6) inversely as the pressure drop. (©) inversely as the viscosity. (@) as the square of the radius. ‘The Prandt! mixing length is (a) zero at the pipe wall and is a universal constant. independent of radial distance from the pipe axis. independent of the shear stress. useful for computing laminar flow prob- Jems. ) © @ Boundary layer separation is caused by the (a) reduction of pressure to vapour pressure. (®) boundary layer thickness reducing to (©) adverse pressure gradient. (@) reduction of pressure gradient to zero. Boundary layer separation occurs when the (a) pressure reaches a minimum. (b) cross-section of the channel is reduced. (©) valve is closed in a pipeline. (d) velocity of sound is reached. ‘The terminal velocity of a small sphere set- ‘ling in a viscous fluid varies as the (a) first power of its diameter. (6) inverse of the fluid viscosity. (©) inverse square of the diameter. (@ square of the difference in specific 161. ‘The head loss in turbulent flow in a pipe varies weights of solid & fluid. falsely cael, . 169. The head losses in open channel flow gener- (6) inversely as the square of the velocity, ally Cont onthe (c) approximately as the square ofthe velocity ta evoree of the roughness (@) inversely as the square of the diameter. () Bret nower ot the cughaess 162. The continuity equation in ideal fluid flow (© square of the velocity. states that (@) inverse square of hydraulic radius, (@) net rate of inflow into any small volume | 179, 15 turbulent flow, a rough pipe has the same must De zero. friction factor as a smooth pipe ANSWERS 154(a) 155. (d)156(a) 15716) 15816) 1598/0) —«160.(e) G14) 162.(a) 163d) 164. (c) 165d) 166.(d) 167.6) 168.6) 169d) 170.08)Fluid Mechanics u 17. 172. 173. 174, 175. 176. 177. (a) im the zone of complete turbulence. (®) when the roughness projections are much smaller than the thickness of the laminar film. (©) everywhere in the transition zone. (d) when the friction factor is independent of the Reynold’s number. In the complete turbulence zone (in rough pipes), the (a) rough and smooth pipes have the same friction factor. (®) laminar film covers the roughness pro- Jections. (©) friction factor depends upon NRe only. (d) friction factor is independent of the rela- tive roughness. ‘The length of the tube necessary for the boundary layer to reach the centre of the tube and for fully developed flow to be established is called the. length. (a) equivalent (b) transition (© Prandtl mixing (d)_none of these ‘Transition length for a turbulent fluid enter- ing into a pipe is around...........times the pipe diameter. @ 5 () 50 (©) 500 (@) 1000 Purpose of relief valve in a reciprocating pump is to (a) protect the putmp against developing ex- cessive pressure. (®) facilitate unidirectional flow of liquid. (©) reduce the discharge pressure. (@) control the rate of discharge. Centrifugal compressors compared to recip- rocating compressors (@) require less space. (®) have quieter operation. (©) have lower operating costs. (@) all (a), ) and (c). Which of the following produces maximum. pressure difference for transportation of gases ? (@) Vaccum pumps ) Blowers (© Fans (@) Compressors ‘The fluid property which matters for falling rain drops to acquire spherical shape is its 178. where, Choose the correct set of dimensions of vis- cosity that are equivalent. @ FL°T,MLAT! —(@) FLT, ML“T @ MLPT FLT LT, Mut F,M, L, T are dimensions for force,mass, length and time respectively. 179. 180. 181. 182. 183. 184. 185. 186. 187. Iftwo capillary tubes of dia 0.5 mm and 1mm are dipped in a pot containing mercury, then the rise of mereury is (a) same in both the tubes. (6) greater in 1 mm dia tube (©) greater in 0.5 mm dia tube. (d) zero in both the tubes, Which of the following is a Newtonian fluid? (a) Rubber latex (6) Sewage sludge (©) Quicksand (@) Non-colloidal solution ‘The schedule number of a pipe is an indica- tion of its (a) site (®) roughness (c) material density (d) wall thickness Volume of liquid displaced by a floating body is equivalent to its (a) own weight (©) own volume Pascal law is not applicable for a/an. (a) accelerating frictionless (b) static (©) uniformly moving (@) none of these What is the unit of kinematic viscosity ST unit? (a) msec (b) Nim*. see (©) Kg.secim — (d) None of these ‘One dimensional fluid flow implies the (a) flow in straight lines only. (6) uniform flow. (©) steady uniform flow. (@) flow in which transverse components are (b) submerged weight (a) submerged volume fluid. The discharge through a semi-circular weir @H oF © we @ Hw A pressure of 10 m head of water is equiva- lent to......kN/m®, (a) pressure () height of descend (©) viscosity (d) surface tension (a) 98 @ 147 (o) 196 @ 49 ANSWERS 1TL(d) 172.6) «1738.(6)-174.@)— 175. (d) TB) TTA) —178a)_—«179.(c) 180./d) 181(d) 182. (a) 183d) —-184.a)— 185d) :186.8)_—187(a)12 18% Objective Type Chemical Engineering 8. Differential manometer measures the (a) absolute pressure (®) gauge pressure (©) pressure difference (d) pressure gradient 189. The unit of dynamie viscosity in SI unit is (a) kg/m. sec () Nim? (©) m'/sec. (@) mIN. sec. 190. Gradually varied flow in open channel is a/ AM sos flow. (a) steady uniform (®) steady non-uniform (©) unsteady uniform (@) unsteady non-uniform 191. Power required by a centrifugal pump is pro- portional to @ ND () ND @ ND @ ND Where, D = diameter, N =r.p.m. 19: 19% 19. 19 196. 197. 198. 2. What is the maximum theoretical suction lift (metres) of a reciprocating pump ? @ 5 ) 10 @ 50 (@ 100 }3. In case of a centrifugal pump, the ratio of to- tal delivered pressure to pressure developed with the impeller is called the........eflicieney. (@ manometric () mechanical (©) volumetric (@) overall 4. An ideal fluid is (@) non-viscous (6) _—_ incompressible (©) both (a) &(b) (d) _ neither (a) & (b) 15. What is the speed of sound (m/sec) in ordi- nary water ? (@) 1500 () 330 (© 1000 (@) 3000 A floating/submerged body is always stable, if its centre of gravity (@) lies above its centre of buoyancy. (b) and centre of buoyancy coincide. (©) lies below its centre of buoyancy. (d) lies above its meta centre ‘The pressure at a point in a fluid is not the same in all directions, when the fluid is vis- cous and (a) moving (©) cold (b) static (@) hot 199. 201. 202. (a) U-bend () 30° bend (©) 45° bend (@) 90° bend Cavitation in a centrifugal pump can be avoided by keeping the (a) inlet pressure high (b) outlet pressure low (©) inlet pressure low (@) outlet pressure high Arelief valve (a) provides back pressure for a cylinder, (®) unloads a pump. (©) isa directional control valve. (d) none of these. Foot valves provided in pumps are.......valves. (a) relief (b) three/four way (©) pressure reducing(d) directional control Various efficiencies of a centrifugal pump are related as (a) "na ® Tu My = Mo &) n= na Ge) Ta = Ms * To (a) =a where, 1,=Mechanical efficiency, 7, = volumet ric efficiency, y,= manometric efficiency, 7, = over all efficiency 203. During ageing of fluid carrying pipes, the 204. 205. (@) pipe becomes smoother with use. (b) friction factor increases linearly with time (©) absolute roughness decreases with time (@) absolute roughness increases linearly with time. For steady ideal fluid flow, the Bernoulli's equation states that the (a) velocity is constant along a stream line. (®) energy is constant throughout the fluid (©) energy is constant along a stream line, bu may vary across stream lines (@) none of these The continuity equation (a) is independent of the compressibility of the fluid, (b) is dependent upon the viscosity of the fluid. (©) represents the conservation of mass. (@) none of these. Which of the following pipe bends will incur the largest head loss ? ANSWERS: 188.(c) 189/a) 1906) 191d) «192.(6):193(a)_— 194M) 95a) 196.(e) 197.(a) 198(a) 19a) -200/c) —«-201.(d)-——202. (6) 203.6) 204. (e) 205.(0)Fluid Mechanics 206. 207. 208. 209. 210. 211. 212, 213, 214, 206. (c) 216d) Priming of a centrifugal pump is done to (a) increase the mass flow rate of fluid. (b) develop effective pressure rise by the pump. (©) avoid chances of separation inside the impeller. (@) none of these. Hydraulic diameter for non-circular ducts is, equal to.........times the area of flow divided by the perimeter. (@) two (®) three (© four (@) eight ‘The dimension of surface tension is @ ML () MT (@ MLT @ Mir In deriving Bernoulli’s equation, fluid is as- sumed to be (@) incompressible, frictionless, steady, along a streamline. uniform, steady, incompressible, along a streamline steady, density being pressure depen- dent, frictionless none of these. o © @ The ratio of actual discharge to theoretical discharge through an orifice is equal to (@) Ce. C () Ce. Cd (© Cv.cd (@ CdiCv For flow through an orifice from a reservoir, the actual velocity at the vena contracta is given by (@) V28h (b) CV. V28h (©) Cav2ah (d) Ce Veh The discharge through a venturimeter de- pends upon, (@) pressure drop only. (6) its orientation. (©) co-efficient of contraction only. (d) none of thes ‘The velocity distribution in direction normal to the direction of flow in plane Poiseuille flow is (a) hyperbolic (b) parabolic (©) linear (d) none of these Which law is followed by the velocity distri- bution in the turbulent boundary layer? (@) Paraboliclaw —(b) Linear law (©) Logarithmic law (d) None of these 215. 216, 217. 218. 219. 220. 221. 222, 223, 224, 13 Weber number is the ratio of inertial force fr rnnnnrnfPC€. (@) surface tension (b) gravity (©) viscous (@) clastic The energy equation, E+2+!~ +87 con- p28 stant (E = internal energy/mass), is appli- cable to (a) perfect gases only. Correct equation (6) isothermal flow of gases. (©) adiabatic unsteady flow of gases. (d) all compressible fluids, A pressure head of 320 metres of water in meters of CCI, (sp.gr = 1.6) will be (@ 100 (@) 200 (© 320 (@ 160 Mach number is important in a fluid flow problem, when the inertia and......forces pre- dominate. (a) elastic (®) viscous (©) gravity (@)_ none of these The Mach number for hypersonic flow of com- pressible fluid is @1 @) >I @ >4 @ 2 Air vessel of a reciprocating pump is initially filled with (a) atmospheric air (6) compressed air (©) water (@)_ none of these What is the ratio of the velocity at the axis of the pipe to the mean velocity of flow in case of pipe flow under viscous condition ? (@) 05 @) 0.67 @1 @ 2 The frictional resistance in laminar flow does not depend on the (a) area of surface in contact. (6) flow velocity. (©) fluid temperature. (@) pressure of flow. Bernoulli's equation is not applicable, when the flow is (q) irrotational, (©) viscous. (b) incompressible. (A) all (a), (6) & (c) Paper pulp is an example of.....fluid. (a) dilatant (b) bingham plastic (©) Newtonion (d)_ pseudoplastic ANSWERS 207. (c) 217.(6) 208.6) 218.(a) 209. (a) 219.(0) 210.(a) 211.6) 212(a) 213.(b) 214(c) 215.(a) 220.(b) 221(d) 222(a) 223.(d) 224.(b)4 221 22 22" 22 223 23 where, Q, 232, Objective Type Chemical Engineering 5. A gas 238. The boundary layer thickness at a given sec- (a) signifies absence of density. tion along a flat plate..........with increasing (6) can resist shearing action. Reynold’s number. (c) is incompressible. (a) increases (d) isa supercritical vapor. (b) decreases 6. The flow of a liquid through tapering pipe at ("remains same constant rate is an example of. flow. (a) steady uniform (®) steady non uniform (©) unsteady uniform (d) unsteady non uniform 17. Which of the following fluid forces are not considered in the Navier-Stoke’s equation? (@) Gravity forces (b) Viscous forces (©) Pressure forces (d) Turbulent forces 8. Each term in Bernaulli’s equation represents the onnnnnnnof the fluid, (a) energy per unit mass (®) energy per unit weight (©) force per unit mass (@) none of these 9. The Prandtl pitot tube measures the (a) velocity at a point in the flow. (®) pressure at a point. (©) average flow velocity. (d) pressure difference in pipe flow. The percentage slip in a reciprocating pump set is given by the % of @ Q,/@ Q-O Q actual discharge Q, = theoretical discharge Reciprocating pumps are not able to compete with the centrifugal pump for industrial use, mainly because these pumps have (a) very low speeds () smaller discharge. (©) higher capital & maintenance cost. (@)_ high vibrations, Prandtl number is a measure of the (a) heat conduction to viscosity of a fluid. (®) Cp/Cv of a fluid. (©) elastic force to pressure force in the fluid flow. 0. © 2/2, @, (@ o 234, 235, 236. 237. 238, (@) may increase or decrease Air vessel fitted to a reciprocating pump (a) increases the work done (b) decreases the work done. (©) causes cavitation. (@) results in non-uniform discharge. Water hammer in a pipeline results from the (a) bursting of pipelines due to closure by a valve rapid pressure change due to a rapid change in the rate of flow. pressure increase due to closure of a valve resulting in decrease in rate of flow. none of these. o © @ Steady uniform flow is represented by flow through a/an (a) long pipe at constant rate. (b) long pipe at decreasing rate. (©) expanding tube at constant rate (@) none of these. Unsteady uniform flow is represented by flow through a/an (a) long pipe at constant rate (b) long pipe at decreasing rate. (©) expanding tube at increasing rate (@) expanding tube at constant rate Unsteady non-uniform flow is represented by flow through ean (a) long pipe at constant rate, (6) long pipe at decreasing rate. (©) expanding tube at increasing rate. (d) expanding tube at constant rate 289. For pipe flows, head is proportional to constant capacity. @ WD @) uD (©) 4D @ D where, D = pipe diameter 240. Drag co-efficient for motion of spherical par- ticles in a stationary fluid in the stoke’s law range is (@) inertial force to elastic force in the fluid 24 16 flow. @ ) ANSWERS 225.(d) 226.(b) 227. (d) 228.6) 29a) 280d) 2B1c)—-232.(a) 283.(6) 234.(d) 235(6) 236 (a) 2876) —«238.(c)—«239.(0)——240.(a)Fluid Mechanics 64 © @ 241. In Newton’s law range, the drag co-efficient for the motion of spherical particle in a sta- tionary fluid is (@) 044 () 0.044 © 44 (a) 44 242. Stoke's law is valid, when NRe.p is less than @ 2 (&) 100 (@ 2100 (@) 700 243. One poise (unit of absolute/dynamic vis cos- ity) is equivalent to one (@) gm/em’. sec. (®)gmiem, see. (©) emisec. (@) mibsec. 244, For motion of spherical particles in a station- ary fluid, the drag co-efficient in hindered settling compared to that in free settling is (a) more () less (©) equal (d) more or less, depending on the type of particle 245. In the Newton’s law range, the terminal velocity of a solid spherical particle falling through a stationary fluid mass is......the fluid viscosity. (a) directly proportional to (6) inversely proportional to (©) inversely proportional to the square root of (@) independent of 246. The head loss in turbulent flow in pipe is pro- portional to @v o uy ow @v where, V = velocity of fluid through the pipe 247. ‘Transition length for turbulent flow in smooth pipe is equal to........times the pipe diameter. (@) 05 5 © 50 (@) 100 248. With increase in temperature, the vapor pressure of liquids (a) increases (b) increases linearly (©) decreases (d) remains constant 249. The continuity equation of fluid mechanics utilises the principle of conservation of (@) momentum () mass (©) energy (@)_ both (b) & (e) 250. 252. 253. 254, 255. 256. 257. 258. 259. 260. Unit of mass velocity is (a) kgfar (©) kg/m’. hr (©) kglm? (@ kg/m’. hr . For turbulent flow of Newtonion fluid in a circular cross-section pipe, ‘the ratio of maxi- mum to average fluid velocity is (@) 05 @ 1 (©) 0.66 @ <05 Schedule number of a pipe, which is a mea- sure of its wall thickness, is given by (@ 1000P'/S (@) 100P'/s (©) 1000S/P (@ 10000 P/S Sewage sludge is an example of the........fluid. (@) Bingham plastic () Newtonion (©) pseudoplastic —(@)_ latent A perfect gas (a) does not satisfy PV=nRT. (b) is incompressible and has zero viscosity. (©) has constant specific heat. (d) can’t develop shear stresses. forees act on a particle moving through a stationary fluid. (a) Gravity () Drag (© Buoyant — @) all (a), 0), &(@) Existence of boundary layer in fluid flow is because of the (a) surface tension _(b) fluid density (©) fluid viscosity (d)_ gravity forces ‘Manometers measure the. pressure. (a) vacuum as well as the atmospheric (&) difference in (©) absolute (d) gage If Blausius or Darcey friction factor is then the Fanning friction factor is equal to (a) fis @) 4p © 3, @ ff Slurries can be most conveniently pumped by A oetPUMP. (a) screw (®) reciprocating (©) gear (@ centrifugal A fluid which has a linear relationship be- tween the magnitude of applied shear stress and the resulting rate of deformation is called alan. safluid, (@) Newtonion —(b) Non-Newtonion (©) ideal (d) incompressible ANSWERS 246.(a) 247.(c) 248(a) 249.(b) 250.06) 256.(c) 257.(b) 258(a) 259d) 260.(a) 241.(a) 242. (a) 249.(b) 244. (a) 245.16) 251.(b) 252(a) 258. (a) We) 255.(d)16 26: Objective Type Chemical Engineering 1. As per Newton’s law of viscosity, the shear stress for a given rate of angular deformation of fluid is proportional to @ Wp @ ow @ ie where, |1= fluid viscosity 26: 26: 26. 26 26 26 2. N. second/m? is (a) the S.1. unit of dynamic viscosity. (®) the S.I unit of kinematic viscosity. (©) equivalent to one poise. (d) equivalent to one stoke. 33. Which of the following properties of a fluid is responsible for offering resistance to shear ? (a) Surface tension. (6) Viscosity. (©) Specific gravity. (4) all (a), (6), and (c). 4, Rubber latex is an example of... fluid. (@) dilatent () Newtonion (©) pseudoplastie (d) Bingham plastic 5. Very small pressure difference (<5 mm water coloumn) can be most conveniently measured by a/an. manometer, (a) U-tube water. (®) U-tube mercury. (©) inclined tube mercury. (d) inclined tube water. 6. Kinetic energy of fluid per unit weight repre- sented by the velocity head is given by (a) 2v%Igc () v/2ge (© po'/ge (@) px*/2ge 7. The equivalent diameter for pressure drop calculation for a duct of square cross-section is given by (@) x O Jax © Soe @ GR where, x= each side of the square duct. 26 26: 8, Vane anemometer (@) is an area meter. (6) is a variable head meter. 270. 2m. 272. 273. 274, 275. Venturimeter and orifice meter measures the. oonnnn0f the fluid, (@ pressure () maximum velocity (©) average velocity (d) point velocity Quicksand is an example of a.....luid. (@ bingham plastic (b) dilatent (©) Newtonion (d)_pseudoplastic Bernoulli's equation for fluid flow is derived following certain assumptions. Out of the assumptions listed below, which set of as- sumptions is used in derivation of Bernoulli's equation ? A. Fluid flow is frictionless & irrotational. B. Fluid flow is steady. C. Fluid flow is uniform & turbulent. D. Fluid is compressible. E. Fluid is incompressible. @ A,C,D @)B,D,E © ABE ADE ‘The boundary layer is that part of a moving fluid, in which the fluid velocity is (a) affected by the fluid flow pressure, (6) constant. (©) affected by the presence ofa solid boundary. (@) all (a), () and (c). Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to fluid flow. (a) The ratio of average velocity to the maxi- mum velocity for turbulent flow of New- tonion fluid in circular pipes is 0.5 The Newtonion fluid velocity in a circu- Jar pipe flow is maximum at the centre of the pipe. Navier-Stokes equation is applicable to the analysis of viscous flows. Hagen-Poiseuille equation is applicable to the laminar flow of Newtonion fluids, o © @ For laminar flow of Newtonion fluid in a cir- cular pipe, the velocity distribution is a fune- tion of the distance ‘d’ measured from the (c) rotates an element at a speed determined centre line of the pipe, and it follows a. by the velocity of the fluid in which the relationship. meter is immersed. (a) logarithmic (b) parabolic (d) none of these. (c) hyperbolic (d) linear 39. Pitot tube measures the...............ofa fluid. | 976, The terminal velocity of a solid spherical par- (a) pressure ticle falling through a stationary fluid mass (b) average velocity in the Stoke’s law range is proportional to the (©) average flow rate (a) inverse of fluid viscosity. (@) point velocity’ (b) square of particle size. ANSWERS 261.6) 262.(a) ——-263.(6) 264.0) 265d) 266.16) 26T a) -268.(c) 269.(d) 270(e) 271.) —-27A(e)--BTBLe)-—««BTA(a)«—«275.() 7B.)Fluid Mechanics 7 (©) difference in the densities of the particle & fluid. (@) all(@),@) and (). 277, Flow measurement in an open channel is done by a/an (a) venturimeter (b) orificemeter (©) weir (@) rotameter 278. Speed of sound in an ideal gas depends on its (a) temperature (®) pressure (©) specific volume (d)_ none of these 279. Which of the following equations is valid for laminar flow of a fluid through packed bed? (@) Fanning equation (®) Korey - Karman equation (©) Hagen-Poiseuille equation (@) Blake-Plummer equation 280. Fanning equation is given by Pagp bt pp D 2gc Itis applicable to region flow. (@) transition (®) laminar (©) turbulent (@)_ both (6) and (c) 281. The fluid velocity varies as the cube of the cylinderical pipe diameter in case of steady state laminar flow at constant pressure drop FOr nfl (@) Newtonion (b) pseudoplastic (©) dilatent (@) Bingham plastic 282. Pick out the correct statement pertaining to transition/ entrance length in fluid flow. (a) The length of entrance region of pipe, in which full development of fluid flow takes place such that velocity profile does not change downstream, is called the transition length. (®) Transition length for laminar flow of Newtonion fluids in a pipe of diameter D of is equal to 0.05, D.NRe. (©) Transition length for turbulent flow of Newtonion fluids in a smooth pipe of di- ameter ‘dis equal to 50D. (@) all (a), (6) and (o) 283. The net positive suction head (NPSH) of a centrifugal pump is defined as the sum of the velocity head and the pressure head at the (a) discharge. () suction. (©) suction minus vapor pressure of the liq- uid at suction temperature. (@) discharge minus vapor pressure of the liq- uid at the discharge temperature 284. For turbulent flow in smooth circular pipe, the velocity distribution is a function of the distance of measured from the wall of the pipe and the friction velocity V, and it follows, a. +e Felationship, (@) logarithmic (®) linear (©) hyperbolic (@)_ parabolic 285. Prandtl mixing length is (a) applicable to laminar flow problems. (®) universal constant. (©) zero at the pipe wall. (@) none of these. 286. All pipes of a particular nominal size have the same (a) inside diameter (b) outside diameter (©) thickness (d)_none of these 287. Boundary layer thickness in turbulent flow over a flat plate increases as @ vd o ae @ ae @ ae where, d = distance from the leading edge. 288. For turbulent flow of fluids in rough pipe, fan- ning friction factor does not depend upon @ V&p @) « () D&p @L where, V, p and jt are fluid’s velocity, density & viscosity respectively. s = roughnes projection size; L and D are length & diameter of the pipe respectively. 289. Which or the following equations applies to the fluid flow through a packed bed for very large Reynolds number? (a) Fanning equation (®) Blake-Plummer equation (©) Hagen-Poiseulle equation (@) Korney-Karman equation 290. The ratio of average fluid velocity to the maximum velocity in case of laminar flow of ‘a Newtonion fluid in a circular pipe is (@) 05 @ 1 © 2 @ 0.68 291. Rise of liquid in a capillary tube is due to (@) cohesion (6) adhesion (©) both (a) & (b) (d) neither (a) nor (b). 292. Hot wire anemometer is used to measure the (a) velocity of liquids, ANSWERS Q77(c) 278.(a) —«279.(b) 280d) 281. (B) 282d) 283.¢) 24a) 285.(c) 286.(b) 287.(c) ——«-28Bd) 289.6) 290(a)—-291(c) 292.6)18 Objective Type Chemical Engineering (®) temperature of liquids. 32uLI" (c) velocity of gases. (a) 64/Re © > (@) pressure of liquids. ge 298. Mercury is an ideal barometric fluid mainly " due tits i) Some? @ se (a) high density. () low compressibility. 301. Pick out the wrong statement. (c) low capillary action. (a) Surface tension of a liquid is because of (d) very low vapor pressure. the difference in maguitude of adhesive 294, Fluid flow through a packed bed is represent- & cohesive forces. ed by the.........equation. (6) Ahydrometer used for the determination (@) Fonning’s () Ergun’s of specific gravities of liquids works on (c) Hagen-Poiseuille’s (d) none of these io we ae of apart ; a F , i (c) Incase of unsteady fluid flow, the velocity 295, A pipe is defined as ‘hydraulically smooth if at any given point does not change with ‘ ‘ time, einai Se eee (d) Turbulent fluid flow is characterised by See he esenan Fille aamesiiionine oh the rapid fluctuation of instantaneous fee ening pressure & velocity at a point. (c) is zero irrespective of the Reynolds number. | 302. The friction factor is . (@) none of these. (@) always inversely proportionsl to the 296. Fanning friction factor for laminar flow of a ee fluid in a circular pipe is @ ataesenientaa at a (@) nota function of the roughness of pipe wall. Sore ea on roughness of the (6) inversely proportional to Reynolds number. (a) vine of these. (©) both (a) & (b). (@) neither (a) nor (6). Se ease i ee ible fluid with no shear. 297, Boundary layer thickness in laminar flow fe) Potential () Streamline over a flat plate increases as onl (kennel old Aes fo) Creep joundary layer Ps mn 304, Brownian movement is prominent in the par- @ (a ticle size range of. microns in case of where, d= distance from the leading edge. settling of a particle in a fluid. 298. Capillary rise of mereury in a small diameter tube is proportional to @d () Ald © o @ Wo where, d= diameter of the tube, = surface ten- sion of mercury 299. Pressure drop for laminar fluid flow through a circular pipe is given by 305. 306, (@) 2t03 @®) 0.01 to 0.10 (©) 200 to 300 (d) 100 t01000 The exit cone angle in case of a standard ven- turimeter is tthe entrance cone angle. (a) smaller than (b) greater than (©) equal to (@ either (a) or (b) In case of a rotameter, the density of the float material is.......that of the liquid it replaces. L (@) more than @) less than @) fp P Oe (c) equal to (@) either (a) or (6) 2 807. .........pump is the most suitable device for fLp ¥ eae he o aa? discharging a liquid against a pressure of (© 10N a, D 28. 1500 kgffem’*. 300. Pressure drop for turbulent fluid flow through (a) Centrifugal (b) Piston a circular pipe is given by (©) Plunger (@) Vane ANSWERS 293d) 294.) -295.(6) 296.) 297.a) 298) 299.8) 800.6) 301.) 302(d) 808(a) —-804.(a) 805.(a) —-806(a)—«B07.e)Fluid Mechanics 19 308. 809. 810. B11. 312, 313, where, A fluid is a substance, that (@) has to be kept in a closed container. (®) is almost incompressible. (©) has zero shear stress. (d) flows when even a small shear is applied toit. Newtonion fluid is that (a) which follows Newton's law of motion. (®) which needs a minimum shear, before it starts deforming (©) for which shear & deformation are re- ou lated as t=. yy @ none of these. A streamline is a line in flow field, (a) that is traced by all the fluid particles passing through a given point. () along which a fluid particle travels (c) such that at every point on it, the velocity is tangential to it (@) none of these. Ifin a flow field,? + #4" PB 2g. tween any two points, then the flow must be (a) steady, incompressible, irrotational. (®) steady, compressible, irrotational. (c)_ steady, compressible and alonga streamline. (@) unsteady, incompressible, irrotational Paseal's law is valid, only when the fluid is (@) frictionless and at rest. (@) atrest, (c) at rest and when the frictionless fluid is in motion. none of these. constant be- @ For a stable equilibrium of a submerged body (a) Gis above B () Bis above G (©) B&Geoincide (a) _none of these G and B are centres of gravity & buoy- ancy respectively. 814, For an unstable equilibrium of a floating body (@ Mis above G (©) M&G coincide (&) Mis below G (d) none of these where, 316, 317. 318. 319. 320, 321. 322, discharge co-efficient o-efficient of contraction _ area of jet at vena-contracta area of opening cv Cv = co-efficient of velocity __ actual velocity at vena-contracta Theoretical velocity Major loss in sudden contraction in pipe flow is due to (a) boundary friction. (®) flow contraction. (©) expansion of flow after sudden contraction, (d) none of these. When the head pumped against is less than the head of the fluid used for pumping, the usual device is a/an (a) ejector (©) injector (®) blower (@) airlift When the momentum of one fluid is used for moving another fluid, such a device is called a/an, (a) jet pump (©) acid egg () blower (@)_ none of these ‘The rate of shear versus the shear stress curves are time dependent for........fluid. (a) thixotropic (®) rheopectic (©) both (a) & (b) (d) neither (a) nor (b) For the same terminal conditions and valve size, the pressure drop in a fully opened globe valve as compared to that in a gate valve is (a) more (6) less (©) equal (@) either (a) or (b); depends on the viscosity of the fluid For the same terminal conditions and fitting size, the least friction loss is incurred in a/an (@) Tjoint @) union (©) 45° elbow (@) 90° bend The equivalent diameter for fluid flow through square cross section channel of side where, M= metacentre. ‘ ‘x for pressure drop calculation purpose is 816. Cd, Ce and Cv are related (for flow through an given by orifice) as (@) 4x () 2x (@) Cd=Cv/Cv (&) Cd=Cv.Cv “ie (©) Cd=Co/Cv (@) none of these © x @ vx ANSWERS 808d) 809(c) 310. (6) B11(@) 312.6) 313.) 814. (6) 315.6) 316.(6) 317d) 318(@) 3819) 320) 321.6) 322. )20 32: 82. 32 where, Objective Type Chemical Engineering 3. Minimum fluidisation velocity for a specific system depends upon the (@) particle size. (b) fiuid viscosity. (©) density of both the particle & the fluid. (@) all (a), ®) and (o). The range of a particular rotameter can be increased by (a) use of floats of different densities (®) 0 means. (©) increasing the diameter of the float. (@) decreasing the diameter of the float. 15. For turbulent fluid flow in pipe, the expres- sion for Prandtl one seventh power law is @) VIVa =I!) VIV yyy = (0/2)! © VIV.=Gr" (none of these r= pipe radius, x = distance. 4. 826. Slugging occurs in a fluidised bed, if the bed is 82" 32 82s a3 33: 33: (@) narrow (b) deep (©) both (a) & (6) (d) neither (a) nor (6) ‘The equivalent diameter for pressure drop calculation for a fluid flowing through a rect- angular cross section channels having sides ‘v & ¥y’is given by 7. 23 @ = o = ety x+y xt xt «© @ Dy » 8. Laminar flow of a Newtonion fluid ceases to exist, when the Reynolds number exceeds (a) 4000 (b) 2100 (c) 1500 (d) 3000 9. What is the shear rate at the pipe wall, in case of laminar flow of Newtonion fluids in a pipe of diameter ‘D’ & length ‘L’ incurring a pressure drop ‘Ap’ with average velocity ‘V,”? (@) Dap/sl () DaplaL © 8.V,/D @ 4.V,,/D 0. The fluid property, due to which, mercury does not wet the glass is (a) surface tension —(b) viscosity (© cohesion (@ adhesion 1. Bernoulli's equation does not apply to the functioning of a/an (@) venturimeter (©) pitot tube (b) orificemeter (@)_ none of these 333, 334, 335. 336, 337. 338, 339, (a) steam (®) diesel engine (©) electric motor (d)_gas turbine The velocity profile exhibited by laminar flow of Newtonion fluids is such that the velocity distribution w.r-t. radius of the circular pipe is o/an... with the apex at the centre line of the pipe. (@ hyperbola (b) parabola (©) semi-circle (d) semi-ellipse The terminal velocity of a particle moving through a fluid varies as The value of n is equal to. in Stoke's law regime. @. 08 © 2 @ 15 In question No. 655, what is the value of ‘n’ for Newton’s law regime ? @) 05 om 1 @ 15 @ 3 ‘The Reynolds number for an ideal fluid flow is, @4 (b) 2100-4000 (©) 4000 (y= ‘The pressure drop per unit length of pipe in- curred by a fluid ‘X’ flowing through pipe is Ap. If another fluid ‘Y having both the spe- cific gravity & density just double of that of fluid ‘X’, flows through the same pipe at the same flow rate/average velocity, then the pressure drop in this case will be @ Ap () Ap () ap? @ ph The time taken for gravity flow of a fixed vol- ume of liquid (as in Redwood viscometer) is directly proportional to its (a) absolute viscosity. (6) ratio of absolute viscosity to density. (©) density. (d) Reynolds number. Rubber latex is an example of @.....fluid (a) pseudoplastic (b) Bingham plastic (©) dilatent (d) Newtonion When a fluid flows over a solid surface, the (a) velocity is uniform at any cross-section. (6) velocity gradient is zero at the solid surface. (©) resistance between the surface & the flu- id is lesser as compared to that between the fiuid layers themselves. 2. Most of the centrifugal pumps used in chemi- (d) velocity is not zero at the solid surface. cal plants are usually........driven. ANSWERS 823d) 824(a) 325.) 8260) ~—-B27(a) 3828.6) 829.) 330.) 381.(d) 332(c) 333.0) -834(c) 335a) 336d) —«337.6) 938.) -339.(a)_340.(b)Fluid Mechanics 21 342, 343, 845, BAL. Viscosity of water is about.........times that of air at room temperature. @ 15 &) 5B (© 155 @ — 1050 In case of laminar flow of fluid through a cir- cular pipe, the (a) shear stress over the cross-section is pro- portional to the distance from the sur- face of the pipe surface of velocity distribution is a pa- raboloid of revolution, whose volume equals half the volume of circumscribing cylinder. (©) velocity profile varies hyperbolically and the shear stress remains constant over the cross-section. flow occurs at a radial distance of 0.5 r from the centre of the pipe (r = pipe radius). In case of turbulent flow of fluid through a circular pipe, the (@) mean flow velocity is about 0.5 times the maximum velocity. velocity profile becomes flatter and flat- ter with increasing Reynolds number. point of maximum instability exists at a distance of 2r/3 from the pipe wall (r = pipe radius). skin friction drag, shear stresses, random orientation of fluid particles and slope of velocity profile at the wall are more. o @ ) © @ 844, The maximum discharge through a circular channel takes place, when the depth of the fluid flow is times the pipe diam- eter. (@) 0.25 05 (©) 0.66 @ 0.95 Fluid flow at increasing rate through a di- verging pipe is an example of. flow. (a) steady uniform (®) non-steady uniform (©) steady non-uniform (@) non-steady non-uniform 846. During fluid flow, variation of shear stress (+) with velocity gradient! (¢ dy sure & temperature is shown below in the fignre, ) ot content pres 347. 350. wb In the above figure, Bingham plastic is repre- sented by the curve @v om @ Wm @t Curve IIT in the above diagram represents a/an (a) dilatent fluid (6) pseudo plastic fluid (©) ideal plastic (d) none of these Match the units of following parameters used in fluid flow. List I (a) Friction factor (b) dynamic viscosity (©) Kinematic viscosity (A) Specific viscosity List I IL. gm/em. second II. em*second TIL. dimensionless IV. dimensionless Match the typical examples of various types of fluids. List I Bingham plastic Dilatent fluid Pseudo plastie fluid ‘Thixotropic fluid List IT I. Quicksand and starch suspensions in water Tl, Polymeric solutions/melts and suspen- sion of paper pulp Drilling muds, paints and inks Sewage sludge and water suspensions of rock @ ) © @ OL. V. Match the symbols of various pumps as used in chemical engineering drawings. List I (a) Centrifugal pump (®) Reciproctaingpump (©) Gear pump @ Diaphragm pump ANSWERS 341.(0) 350.(a) 342.(b) —-343.(d) 344.(d) 345.(d) 346.(b) —-347.(0)— 348.(a)_349.(a)22 35: Objective Type Chemical Engineering List Il 1. Venturimeters, orificemeters and nozzles are used to measure the fluid discharge from a pipeline. The average fluid velocity in a pipe- line can be measured by a/an (@) weir (®) hot wire anemometer (©) cup and vane aneometer (d) none of these 852. Pick out the correct statement. (a) Human blood is a Newtonion fluid. (®) ANewtonion fluid obeys Newton’s law of cooling, (©) For a non-Newtonion fiuid, a straight line passes through the origin in a plot between shear stress and shear gradient. (@) Thin lubricating oil is an example of a non-Newtonion fluid. 853. In case of hydraulically smooth pipe, the re- sistance to flow depends only on the Reynolds number, whereas for a hydraulically rough pipe, the resistance to flow is governed by the relative roughness. Two pipes are said to have the same hydraulic roughness, when. they have equal values of (a) relative roughness (®) absolute roughness. (©) friction co-efficient for flows at equal Reynold number. @) alla), (b) & (0) 854. Water hammer is caused, when water flowing in a pipe is suddenly brought to rest by closing the valve. The extent of pressure thus produced due to water hammer depends on the (@) pipe length (®) ‘fluid velocity in the pipe (©) time taken to close the valve (b) High vapour pressure (©) Low viscosity & surface tension. (@) Low co-efficient of thermal expansion, 856. Working principle of manometer comprises of balancing a coloumn of liquid against the pressure to be measured. Inclined tube ma- nometer is especially used for the measure- ment of... pressure. (a) small differential (6) atmospheric (©) absolute (@) gage 857. Pressure difference between two points in vessels, pipelines or in two different pipelines can be measured by a differential manometer. The pressure difference measured as the mm. of water coloumn in case of mercury-water, differential manometer is equal to @H @) 26H (@ 13.6H @ 146H where, H = difference in height of mercury col- 858. Drag force acting on a body does not depend upon the (a) density of the fluid. (&) density of the body. (©) velocity of the body. (d) projected area of the body. 859. The buoyant force acting on a floating body is, dependent on the (a) viscosity of the liquid. (b) weight of the liquid displaced. (©) depth of immersion of the body. (@) surface tension of the liquid. 360. Nature of fluid flow during the opening of a valve in a pipeline is (@) laminar (®) unsteady (©) steady @ uniform 361. Two piping system are said to be equivalent, when the.... on €F@ SAME. (a) fluid flow rate & friction loss (b) length & friction factor (©) diameter & friction factor (d) length & diameter 362. A weir is used to measure the large water discharge rate from a river or from an open (@ alla) @) endo channel A wet no of abe : - (a) circular rectangular 855. Which of the following is an undesirable (@ triangular (@) trapersidel ta) Non-sticky & non-corrosive nature, 863, Navier-Stokes equation is useful in the anal- YSI8 OF fltid flow problems, ANSWERS 3516) 352.6) -358.(c) 354.(d) 355.8) 35G(a) 857.8) 358.8) 359.(b) 360.(b) 361.(a) —-362(a)_ 363. (b)Flijid Mechanics 23 364, 365. 366. 367. 368. 369. 370. (a) non-viscous (b) viscous (© turbulent (@) rotational Permanent pressure loss in a well designed venturimeter is about. percent of the venturi differential. @1 @) 10 @ 30 @ 50 Whatis the approximate value of friction fac- tor for smooth pipes with the turbulent flow () 0.01 (@) 0.0001 Approximate kinetic energy correction factor for laminar and turbulent flow respectively (@) 2and1 (&) land2 (© 2ands @ 4and1 Navier-Stokes equation deals with the law of conservation of (@) mass (©) momentum (®) energy (@) none of these To replace a compound pipe by a new pipe, the pipes will be equivalant, when both the pipes have the same (@) flow & length —(b) flow & loss of head (0) flow & diameter (d)length & loss of head The velocity distribution in the turbulent boundary layer follows the.......claw. (a) parabolic (b) hyperbolic (©) straight line (@) logarithmic Stanton diagram is a plot of (a) fos./Re (b) fus./ log Re (©) log fus./ Re (@) log fus./ log Re where, = Friction factor and, Re = Reynold’s number 871. As the flow rate increases in a rotameter, the 372. float (@) drops in the tube (b) rotates at lower speed (©) rotates at higher speed (@) rises in the tube Bernoulli's equation is applicable between any two points im... flow of an incom- pressible fluid. (q) steady, irrotational (®) steady, rotational (©) any type of irrotational () any type of rotational 373, a7, 375. 376. 377. 378. 379, 380. 382. ‘The purpose of an inter cooler in a reciprocat- ing compressor is to (a) reduce the temperature of air before it enters the next stage remove the moisture in air separate moisture and oil vapour none of these @) © @ If two similar pumps are running in series, the (a) headishalved (6) head is doubled (©) flow ishalved —(d)_flow is doubled Which of the following is not true of air re- ceivers? (a) Stores large volume of air (b) Increases the pressure of air (©) Smoothens pulsating output (@) A source for draining of moisture Which of the following delivers a pulsating output? (a) Roots blower (®) Centrifugal compressor (©) Screw compressor (d) Reciprocating compressor In a centrifugal pump, the velocity energy is converted into pressure energy by (a) suction duct (®) discharge duct (©) impeller (@) volute ‘The friction loss in a pipe carrying a fluid is proportional to the (a) fluid velocity (6) fifth power of the pipe diameter (©) fluid flow (@) square of the pipe diameter The efficiency of a pump does not depend ‘upon the (a) discharge head —_(b) suction head (©) motorefficiency (d) fluid density Net positive-suction head (NPSH) available depends upon the (a) discharge head(b) inlet pipe diameter (©) power drawn (d) pump type . When the flow rate increases, NPSH (a) required increases (®) available increases (c) required decreases (d) available & required both increases The characteristic of a positive displacement compressor for a given speed is that the remains constant. ANSWERS 364.(b) 365.00) 366) 367.(c) 368d) 369.d) 370d) 371(d) 372(a) 373.(a) 374.(b) 375.6) 376(d) 377(d) —878.(b) 379.(c) 380.(b) 381(a) 382. (b)24 38: 38: asi a8 38" 38% 38% 89 391 (a) compression ratio (b) flow output (©) temperature (@) pressure 3. The fan characteristic curveis a plot of... pressure vs flow, (a) statie () dynamic (©) total (d) suction 4, A fluid in equililbrium means that (a) its viscosity is zero (®) shear stresses are acting on the fluid but no flow behaviour is manifested it is free from shear stresses a hypothetical situation because fluids are never in equilibrium. © @ 35. A manometer is used to measure (@) pressure difference (b) absolute pressure (©) both (a) and (6) (d) neither (a) nor (6) 16. The flow of an incompressible fluid with no shear is known 8.....0.loW. (@) potential () laminar (©) turbulent (d) couette 7. A fluid is called Newtonion when the shear stress Vs shear strain plot is (a) linear and passes through origin (®) linear but has an intercept (©) exponential and passes through the origin (@) isa rectangular hyperbola 8. Liquid that does not flow at all until a thresh- old shear stress is attained is know as (a) Bingham plastic (b) Pseudoplastic (©) dilatant fluid (d) Newtonion liquid Kinematic viscosity (which has a unit of m’/ Sec) is a ratio of (a) absolute viscosity to absolute pressure (®) absolute viscosity to absolute temperature (©) absolute viscosity to specific heat (@) none of these Continuity equation applies to (@) incompressible fluids (®) compressible ffuids (©) highly viscous fluids (@) both incompressible and compressible 39. 0. 392, 393. 304, 395. 396. 397. 398. 399. Objective Type Chemical Engineering A settling particle attains its terminal veloc- ity when (a) gravity force + drag force = buoyancy force (b) gravity force - drag force = buoyancy force (©) buoyancy force = gravity force (d) drag force = buoyancy force For laminar water flow through a tube of di- ‘ameter 1 om, the average (Uavg) & maximum (Umax) water velocity are related as @) Ugg = 1.54, O) Uy. = 2, (©) uw... =25u,, @) u..=3u,, For turbulent fluid flows through pipes, the kinetic energy & momentum correction fac- tors are practically equal to @) 05 o 1 © 2 @ 4 The terminal velocity of a sphere settling freely through a pool of liquid in Stoke's law range will. the liquid viscosity. (a) be independent of (&) increase linearly with (©) decrease inversely with (d) decrease inversely with the square of If the terminal settling velocities of spheres of different sizes (settling freely through a pool of liquid) increases with the square root of particle diameter, then the settling con- forms to the... regime. (a) Stokes‘law range (6) intermediate (©) Newton's law (d) any one of the above, more data needed / for correct prediction. In a certain process, one needs fluid flow in a given direction and the valve is to open or close by the fluid pressure. Which of the following valve permits fluid flow in one direction only? (a) Gate valve (b) Globe valve (©) Check valve (d) Any of the above. Safety valve is basically a (a) gate valve (©) globe valve (©) check valve (@)_ none of these As the discharge pressure increases, the volumetric efficiency of a positive displacement pump fluids (a) decreases aes aes (®) remains practically constant 1. Unit of mass velocity in S.I. unit is (@) increases (@) kgs (©) kg/m’ (d) may decrease or increase, depending on (©) kg/ms ) ke/m*s the size of the pump. ANSWERS 383(a) 384.(b) 385.) 386a) 387.) ~—-388.(a)-—« 889.) 390.) -391.(d) 392.(6) 398.6) -394.() 3951) 3968(c)-B9T.(0) —B9BKe)--399.(d)STOICHIOMETRY 1. The total number of atoms in 8.5 gm of NHS Senne 10%. (a) 9.03 ®) 3.01 (©) 1.204 @) 6.02 2, The number of atoms of oxygen present in 11.2 litres of ozone (03) at N.T-P. are (a) 3.01 x10" (®) 6.02 x10" (©) 9.08 x10" (@ 1.20 x10" 3. Measurement of the amount of dry gas col lected over water from volume of moist gas is based on the (a) Charle’s law. (6) Dalton’s law of partial pressures. (©) Avogadro's hypothesis. (@) Boyle's law. 4, Validity of the relationship, inputs = outputs, holds good for the system at steady state (@) with chemical reaction. (6) without chemical reaction. (©) without chemical reaction & losses. (d) none of these. 5. N.T-P. corresponds to (a) atm. absolute pressure & 0°C. () 760 mm Hg gauge pressure & 0°C. (©) 760 torr & 15°C. (d) 101.325 KPa gauge pressure & 0°C. 6. 1 bar is almost equal to.....atmosphere. @ 1 @) 10 @ 100 @ 1000 7. Number of gm moles of solute dissolved in one litre of a solution is called its (a) equivalent weight (6) molarity 10. The number of water molecules present in a drop of water weighing 0.018 gm is 6.023 x.... (@) 10" (@) 10" (© 10" @ 10" 11. Kopp’s rule is concerned with the calculation of (a) thermal conductivity. (b) heat capacity. (€) viscosity. (d) surface tension. 12, Number of gm moles of solute dissolved in 1 kg of solvent is called its (@) normality () molarity (©) molality (d) formality 13, The temperature of a gas in a closed container is 27°C. If the temperature of the gas is in- cresed to 300°C, then the pressure exerted is. (a) doubled. (®) halved. (©) trebled. @ unpredictable. 14, “The total volume occupied by a gaseous mix- ture is equal to the sum of the pure component volumes”. This is the........aw, (a) Dalton’s (b) Amgat's (©) Gay Lussac’s (d) Avogadro's 15. Equal masses of CH, and H, are mixed in an empty container. The partial pressure of hy- drogen in this container expressed as the frac- tion of total pressure is @ v9 @) 8/9 © 12 @ 59 16. The pressure of 'V’ litres of a dry gas is in- creased from 1 to 2 kgf/cm? at a constant tem- perature. The new volume will become (© molality (d) normality @ via ) wv 8 litres of nitrogen at NTP. weighs........gms. (© Vi4 @ v2 @ i @) 25 1... equation gives the effect of tempera- () 28 (d@) 1.25 ture on heat of reaction. 9. 1 gm mole of methane (CH4) contains (a) Kirchoffs (b) Maxwell's (a) 6.02 x 10” atoms of hydrogen. (c) Antonie (d) Kistyakowsky Ons ise cneere 18, Number of gram equivalent of solute dissolved e * Molecules of methane. in one litre of solution is called its (@) 3 gms of carbon. ANSWERS l(a) 20 3.(b) 4) 5a) 6.(a) 7b) 8b) 9b) 10-e) 11.16) 12.(c) 13.(d) 14.(6) 15.(6) — 16.(b) 17(a) 18(a)2 | Objective Type Chemical Engineering (@) normally (© molality 19. S..P. corresponds to (a) 1atm. absolute pressure & 15.5°C (0) 760 mm Hg gauge pressure & 15.5°C (©) 760 torr & 0°C. (d) 101.325 kPa gauge pressure & 15.5°C. 20. A gas occupies a volume of 283 .c at 10°C. Ifit, is heated to 20°C at constant pressure, the new (®) molarity (@) formality volume of the gas will be...€-¢ (@) 283 (b) 566 (© 293 @ 1415 21. For a given mass of a gas at constant temper- ature, if the volume ‘V’ becomes three times, then the pressure ‘P’ will become (@) PIs @) 3P (© 9P* @ 9P 22, Kinetic theory of gases stipulates that, the (a) energy is lost during molecular collisions. (&) molecules possess appreciable volume. (©) absolute temperature is a measure of the kinetic energy of molecules. (d) none of these. 23. The value of gas constant ‘R’ is... kcal’ kg.mole. °C. (a) 2.79 (b) 1.987 (c) 3.99 (d) none of these 24. Cv for monoatomic gases is equal to (@) R (b) 15R () 2R (d@) 3R where, R = gas constant 25. With rise in temperature, the heat capacity of a substance (a) increases (b) decreases (©) remains unchanged (d) either (a) or (6) ; depends on the substance 26. For an ideal gas, the compressibility factor (a) decreases with pressure rise. () is unity at all temperature. (©) is unity at Boyle’s temperature, (@) tero. 27. Real gases approach ideal behaviour at (a) high pressure & high temperature. 28. Isotopes are atoms having the same (a) mass number (b) number of neutrons (c) atomic mass (d) none of these 29, sonnnfuels require the maximum percentage of ‘excess air’ for complete combustion. (a) Solid (6) Liquid (©) Gaseous (@) Nuclear 80. Which of the following is followed by an ideal solution ? (a) Boyle's law (6) Amgat’s law (©) Raoult’s law (@) Trouton’s rule chart is a graph related to Antonie equation. (a) Ostwald (b) Cox (c) Mollier's (d) Enthalpy-concentration 82. 1 kg/em* is equal to (a) 760 torr (b) 1KPa (©) 10 metres of water column (4) Ametre of water column 83. 1 Kg/m’ is equal to. @ 1 @) 10 © 100 @ 1000 34, Heat of...of a fuel is called its calorific value. (a) formation (®) combustion (©) reaction (@) vaporisation 31. mm water column. 35, Internal energy is independent of the.......for an ideal gas. (a) pressure (b) volume (c) both (a) & (b) (a) neither (a) nor (2). 36. Cp-Cv, for an ideal gas is equal to @R () RR (@ 2R @ 3R 87. Volume percent for gases is equal to the (a) weight percent. (b) mole percent. (c) weight percent only for ideal gases. (d) mole percent only for ideal gases. (®) low pressure & high temperature. 38. .......equation relates latent heat and boiling (©) high pressure & low temperature. point. (d) low pressure & low temperature. (a) Antonie (®) Rotational (©) Kopp’s @ Trouton’s ANSWERS 19.) 20a) 21(e) -22le) 23d) 24.16) 25a) 26.06) 27.6) 281d) 29a) 30.(¢) 31.6) 32.(e) 33a) 34.16) 35e) 36a) 37d) 38d)