{ 1 se PART BETRODUCTION TO APPLIED CALCULUS AND UNCONSTRAGHED OF FORCATON 10.3 PROBLEM SET 10-1 (conduded) $ f+ nde B Sp" dp $ [GB -y)dy 1% fq'? dy 1 fds? ~ n+ 4) de. D frit de § Oy +4y- Udy * M f5y2! dy. ae 4 [0-5-3a)« W Sqdp o's 1, Shpq) dp ”, J so win) L Shea) dq a A ful tat de fit? + 0°) de Me forty - Ody. D Jr? + 24) de 1. fy? + Sut + Udy. BD fie - 9) dr. Wh fide’ - 6’ + Ide. W fa01de + 5) de. MW. fet ds. B. fOr - 9? de. We fdr Be fdx + 3y' de. ar a ad I a isa x ie = a2 |— 3 iF Sa = any D. fiS - 2 Vd. fdr 2 jo - 3 de %. laaee a f(u-prije wf ide r= u f( es 1) 304 AREA uae {In differential calculus, we learned that, in geometric terms, DEFINITE Teoton eased at a pin is the slope ofthe line ane Point. In this section, we shall show that a form of the inte := PAR Lembo TAEDA AN ONERSTANE N sample, Find the area under fia) = 1! + S over the imerraly = ‘The area sought is shown n Figure 10-7 and is compte byte 3 follows: . ae fue + S)de = (Ge F x) I = [jor i. sa] = [doe - fomes]-Bo =12+40- ‘haswer: 85. FIGURE 10.7 (at sein Chapter 8, we know ; fi) = 10x = 2? : Mes ie abola opening downward. The vertex is the local maximum that f(x) = 0. Hence, ix) = 10 - 2x, and f'(x) is zero when x =5, (5) = 25, 25) is the vertex, as shown in Figure 10-8, The curve opens downward from vertex and so must intersect the x-axis at two points. These points occur where x) = 0, and we find q flx) = 0 when” 10x - x? = 0 x10 - x) =0 x= 0,10 own in Figure 10-8. The area sought the intercepts are (0, 0) and (10, 0), as sh then computed as follows: } 10 2\\? a= [, oor a= (5-5) | z 1000 = (so -—)- 0-9 = (so =) ( ee a FIGURE 104 {not to sa)) ce fue arma, Uf ade far-9ea fore: ae “ 3 1. fiir set ae M fo-gre. wh fer pe » + Idx 0 fiwss 5,7 + Ode ane meh w= de Wb. Nor cay fie W) de. "Find the area under the curve of the following functions over the given x-intervals: OD. fin = dex = bios TL fl) = 3n0= lt0 fa) = 3 t 2x = 100 PA fia) = 2x + 3,4 = - 1 tox Bf 4 4 ¢ Wifii= see Mera a 0 f. fin == = = 1 Sea Otor=2 lox = 3. B fly = Ey x hes will be helpful.) 91 Find the area bounded by the x-axis and Find the areas described in each of the following problems. (Sketct B. Find the area bounded by the axcs and’ fs) = 4r- 8 +21 ; fy = 10 - 05%. A Find the area bounded by the axes and 3A. Find the area bounded by the x-axis and yas fie PW td. 4], Find the area bounded by the axis and 4. Find the area bounded by the s-axis and fu = - Se +4. sfisy = 300 - and upper Riemann sums sectioncan be generalized onnegative function iG ee A= J min fo9.fteen) Se ‘nea under any ae shown in Figure A on paze and the area is rectangles are te product ofthe oa F the two possible rec- A= finn min feed fedl err smaller 0! by mint) fo Usngthene years, an industry consumes fuel a heat 21 + 9)? million barrels per year. If the total pply of fuel available to the industry now and in the futures 63 milion bartels, how many years will “the supply last?” ‘A Attime r years, sales of a currently new product ae expected to be 10 Os +19 rillion dollars per year. How many years will take MA for total sales to amount to $40 million? 1. The population of a trading area is currently 100 thousand. Al time years from now population wil be growing atthe rte of 2» O54 9)? thousand per year. What will otal population be 14 yeas from ee ‘A fixed cost $2 thousand has been incured in seting up an advertising campsign. Variable costis expected tobe atthe rate of (3 + 0,061") thousand dollars per month at time + months, Estimate total cos if the campaign runs 25 months. |. When 1 ons of sec! are produced, marginal cos in dollars per ton is 0,006 {fixed costis 1,600, find the total cost of producing 100 tons. 1 b banels of whiskey are produced, marginal -//costin dollars per barel is ase? ee 0.00450? ~ 1.8b + 200. Pied cost is $4,000, find he total est of producing I i Mb 1s ‘) What is the optimal tim “ation? >) What will total profit be atthe termination? : A fixed cost of $4,100 was incured in se operation, Attime:1 month terete, th yields income at the rate of (2,000 — I incurs expense atthe rate of (200 + 200 both rates ave in dollars per month a) What isthe optimal time to terminate the ation? b) What will total profit be a the optimal fine termination? ‘The demand function for a products Pilg) = 75 ~ 0.64, ‘where gis in millions of barrels and p(q)isind per barrel. Market equilibrium oceurs aa cof 100 milion barrels 1a) Compute consumers’ surplus. by) Make a sketch showing what was compe @. |The supply function fora product is pig) = 5 + 0.24 ‘where qs in millions of tons and p,q) isin dol per ton, Market equilibrium oceurs at a demu 50 million tons a) Compute producers’ surplus q 1) Make a sketch showing, what was em (a The supply function fora product is lq) = (4 + 02672 49 where'q is in thousands of truckloads dollars per truckload. Market equi 4 demand of 60 thousand truckloads: ducers’ surplus. The demand funtion for prosuetute consumers’ surplus. te producers’ surplus. Recall from Section 10.2 that the Simple Power Rule and the Power Rule for Linear 10.12 THE INTEGRAL Functions were valid as long as the power n + —1. Now, what is the integral OF (aur + e when n = —1? We first consider the Simple Power Rule, which is a special case of 1 dx Be ple fiwrs ore [aie lave with m = 1 and b = 0; that is, [t- [has mG ‘We know that 1 d =- (ins) => and I/x is the integrand of the integral. Hence, fiw =Inxt+ C, x>.0 pia h j the absolute logarithm is defined only for positive numbers: Recalling ‘can rewrite the last integral ascs e x 2 BBS Weare, Peirec Wr - Hee Bete La) 10 onsen, ©) Seu Fig. 10) 5090 tema © See Fig 8 100 nstbon ares 1944 bare, nae OS yean & yom. IGURE A 3104 Broome OB pe ©) 940 towand OD pe 7 100 + MD = 18D thomsen, A me 2= heme 9 cosmo. Me seanProblem Sel 10-4 (condoded) Va) 80 months. by $200 thousand VL a) 36 months. _b) $17,500. WL 4) $3000 milion, ) See Figure C M2) $250 million. _b) See Figure D. 1S. $1,856 thousand. 16. $3,240 milion V2) $9,000 thousand, b) $4,500 thousand W 2)$100 millon, —__b) $25 milion FIGURE C —————————— ,{g) Spec bare! (0,75) Consumers surplus $3,000 million (100, 15) Brel (nillions) p,Q)Sper won Producer’ suplus (50, 15) Toms (millions) Problem Set 10-5 1. inj + ¢ t 2 inl +. pe 3 2infd + ¢. 4 dial + ¢. n 5 - +. 1. 2.303 r tte ee 5 5. 0.446 Infsu + 4 16. 0.933, ad te V1. 895.890 milion bares & -Infg - x] + €. 18. $140,256 million. 9, -Sin - 0.21] + C Problem Set 10-6 Wert C, eat, ta L tar W -me 40 a = 1a” 1 —_ 4¢ n3 (OR) 110.8) Wes iG M-20* + C. 117.18. Moa. 15. 3.61. ae 16. 9.02 V7, a) 343,656 milion bartels, b) 35.835 years. 18, a) $183,831 thousand, b) 13.73) years. 19. a) $10,544.33. b) 6.75 years ‘1. 2) 47.409 milion pounds. b) 8.047 years. 21. 72.409 milion pounds. 73, $27.74S thousand 1. 93.233 million gallons. 14, $40 thousand Problem Set 10-7 x20) 28 to? nay? © 2a Dine + +c. tn Tit ose i] +e 4 ee D4, §. 49051 + tC |