INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BOMBAY AUTUMN SEMESTER ~ MID-SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2011-2012 SESSION Programme: B.Tech/Dual Degree Branch: Chemical Engineering Course No. : CL 415 Course Name: Process Equipment Design & Economics Day & Date: Saturday, September 17, 2011 Weightage 30% PART-SG and PART-RKM should be answered in separate answerbooks Note: This is a No Book - No Notes Examination. Answer all questions. All parts of a question must be answered together. Please do not raise any queries with the invigilators. In case of insufficient information, if any, make and mention suitable assumptions and proceed further. iG Question- 110) ‘A double pipe heat exchanger made up of a 2” steel outer pipe and 1.25” steel core pipe is to be designed for the following service: 2 ‘Annulus side _| Core pipe side [Pipe size 2", nominal 12s" nominal Pipe OD, inch 251s |1.660 Pipe ID, inch [2.067 [1.380 al Fluid Aniline Benzene Flow rate, kg/h 4000 ‘Temperature, in” C 70 15 ‘Temperature out, °C 40 50 Physical properties isl “Average Density, kg/m*3_ 1020. 880 z| [Average Thermal conductivity, Wim.K) 0.173 0.159 ‘Average Specific heat, kW/ig.K a 2.170 1758 ‘Note: | inch = 25.4 mm 7 ‘Viscosity variation with temperature: Temperature,°C_| 15 40, 50 70 Aniline, cP 49 27 21 14 “| [ Benzene, oP 0.74 0.53 0.46 035 Determine the following: Overall heat transfer coefficient for a new exchanger (no dirt) Pressure drop on both annulus and core pipe sides Total length of the heat exchanger(carry out one complete iteration and correct the individual and overall coefficients) Assumptions: Thermal conductivity of steel: 60 Wi(m.K) Friction factor is 30% greater than that predicted by the Blasius formula Entrance and exit pressure losses are ignored Viscosities can be interpolated linearly ‘Any other assumptions should be clearly stated with justification for the same Question-2 8) Pictorially represent the various streams in the shell side of a shell & tube heat exchanger and explain their impact on heat transfer and pressure drop. Question-3 2] ‘Answer the following questions with respect to shell and tube heat exchangers: No Question ‘When would you use a vapour belt inlet device? [in horizontal shell side boiling, what is the function of baffles? [Why are “U* tubes not preferred for cooling water service? What is the major disadvantage of a pull through back end vi floating head? slely|s| s split ring 20000 PART-RKM Question-1 [5] ‘A process has fixed capital investment of Rs. 150 lakhs, working capital of Rs. 30 lakh, and a negligible salvage value. Annual revenues from sales are Rs. 250 lakhs, corresponding manufacturing costs sum to 145 lakhs, and other expenses of 10% of the revenue. Assume a project life span of 11 years, a tax life of°5 years, and the interest rate to be 10%. The prevailing tax rate is 40% and straight line depreciation is applicable @20%. Determine (a) Discounted value (to present time) of the profits before tax (for the total plant life period) in rupees, (b) Discounted value of the depreciation benefits over ‘te tax life in rupees. Questi 51 ‘A corpus is to be created by accumulating an amount J rupees in m years by making equal annual payments of M rupees. The prevailing rate of interest on investment is # and is expected to remain unchanged in future. If it is assumed that the payments are flowing continuously into the corpus (at a rate of M rupees per year), show that the payment must, be in an amount M=iT/exp (in) —1]. Show all steps of dQuestion-3 [5] A plant is producing 10,000 ton/yr of a product. The overall yield is 70 per cent, on a mass basis (kg of product per kg raw material). The raw material costs Rs. 1,000/ton, and the product sells for Rs. 3,500/ton. A process modification has been devised that will increase the yield to 75 per cent. The additional investment required is Rs. 35 lakhs, and the additional operating costs are negligible. However, there is some uncertainty whether the additional production given by the yield increase can be sold in the market. The company management wants to know whether the modification is worth making. You as a process engineer therefore need to study the impact of both the scenarios, namely, (a) the additional production due to yield increase can be sold, (b) the additional production due to yield inerease cannot be sold but the modification can result in a reduction in raw material requirements. Using a reasonable economic criterion (Rate of Return or Pay- back Time), assess the impact of both the scenarios and make a recommendation.