12th Maths Sample Paper (Pleasure Tests) PDF

CBSE 2021
MATHEMATICIA
Class 12 By O.P. GUPTA
MATHEMATICS
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
.
(For CBSE 2021 Board Examinations)
SOLU T I NS
By
O.P. GUPTA
Maths (H.), E & C Engineering
INDIRA Award Winner
THEOPGUPTA.COM
AN EDUCATIONAL PORTAL FOR MATH SCHOLARS
WhatsApp @ +91 9650350480

Dear math scholars
It is a moment of immense happiness to present you with the Pleasure Tests (Sample Papers of Class 12
Maths) as per the latest pattern introduced by CBSE - issued in October 2020.
These Sample Papers essentially include Case study type questions - a new introduction. All the papers
have been given with the detailed Solutions. We’re sure that these Sample papers will be of help in your
preparation for CBSE - 2021 board examinations.
Due to the outbreak of pandemic this session, CBSE has reduced syllabus for 2020-21. It has caused a
bit of confusion among math teachers in some chapters. Note that CBSE has only mentioned which
topics are to be studied this session - means, the Board didn’t issue a specific list of questions
from each chapter which may not be asked in the final exams. As far as my understanding, CBSE may
test students on any questions - provided we have an alternative solution, within the boundations of
reduced syllabus.
1 1 1 
For example, many teachers are of the view that question like, Show that tan  tan 1  is
2 3 4
not in syllabus now - as Properties of inverse trig. functions are deleted.
But with an alternative approach, these questions can still be asked in CBSE 2021 Exams. Can you
think of an approach other than using properties, for the above question?
My view is same for other chapters and related questions, where alternative approach can be used.
So, I advocate teaching anything and everything that you used to teach. And, leave only those topics and
related questions where there is no confusion.
dx
For example, linear differential equations of the form  P(y) x  Q(y) are deleted. It has no
dy
confusion, so we can skip it.
As much as I hate to admit it, I am not perfect. Though I have put in my best efforts to make this book
free of errors, still if you find anything that is unclear or should be added to it, please message me on
mobile (+919650350480). Alternatively, you can also write to me on iMathematicia@gmail.com
It shall be of great help to many future math learners. I’ll be grateful to those readers who point out any
error(s) and/or make other constructive suggestion(s).
Please be patient, I will answer surely to your message or email.
Now enjoy this book and learn!
With lots of blessings and best wishes,
- O.P. GUPTA, Math Mentor
Contact No.: +919650350480
Email id: iMathematicia@gmail.com
For all the Math-Gyan: https://theopgupta.com/
This Document is being Shared for FREE - Contents of this

to Promote Math Education by helping FREE e-Book :
Teachers and Students in their preparation of (1) CBSE SQP

(2) PTS - 01
CBSE 2021 Board Examination.
PAPER CODE
OPG2020-12-PTS-01
THeopgupta.com
AN EDUCATIONAL PORTAL FOR MATH SCHOLARS
A Compilation By : O.P. GUPTA (INDIRA AWARD WINNER)

Time Allowed : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 80
General Instructions :
1. This question paper contains two Parts A and B. Each part is compulsory. Part A carries
24 marks and Part B carries 56 marks.
2. Part A has Objective Type Questions and Part B has Descriptive Type Questions.
3. Both Part A and Part B have choices.
Part A :
1. It consists of two sections - I and II.
2. Section I comprises of 16 very short answer type questions.
3. Section II contains 2 case studies. Each case study comprises of 5 case-based MCQs. An
examinee is to attempt any 4 out of 5 MCQs.
4. Internal choice is provided in 5 questions of Section - I. Moreover internal choices have
been given in both questions of Section - II as well.
Part B :
1. It consists of three sections - III, IV and V.
2. Section III comprises of 10 questions of 2 marks each.
3. Section IV comprises of 7 questions of 3 marks each.
4. Section V comprises of 3 questions of 5 marks each.
5. Internal choice is provided in 3 questions of Section - III, 2 questions of Section - IV and 3
questions of Section - V. You have to attempt only one of the alternatives in all such
questions.
PART - A
Section I
Questions in this section carry 1 mark each.
Q01. Find the number of non-reflexive relations defined on a set with three elements.
Q02. Let f : R  (, 0) be defined as f (x)  cot 1 x .
Then find the value of f (1) .
OR
π
If sin 1 x  , x  (1,1) then, find cos1 x .
5
1
Q03. Let R be the relation defined on Q (set of rational numbers) as a R b  a  b  .
2
Then state the reason why R is not a transitive relation?
OR
Page 1 of 8
PLEASURE TEST SERIES (XII) - 01  By O.P. GUPTA (WhatsApp @ +91-9650350480)
Discuss the surjectivity of f : Z  Z given as f (x)  3x  2  x  Z .
 1 0 0 
Q04. Find the value of A adj.A if , A   0 1 0  .
 0 0 1
Q05. If order of A, B and C are 4  3, 5  4 and 3  7 respectively then, find the order of C(A  B) .
OR
10 19 2
Write the ‘sum of cofactors’ of element ‘13’ and ‘1’ in 0 13 1 .
9 24 2
4 2
Q06. It is given that at x  1 , the function x  62x  a x  9 attains its maximum value on the
interval [0, 2]. Find the value of ‘a’.
 tan x 2
Q07. Evaluate :  2 2
x dx .
 sin x cos x
OR
3 3
sin x  cos x
Evaluate :  dx .
sin 2 x cos2 x
Q08. Using integration, find the area of the smaller region as depicted in the diagram below :
dy
Q09. Solve the differential equation  2xy  y and express the result in the form of y  f (x) .
dx
 
Q10. What is a  R , such that a x  1 , where x  î  2ˆj  2kˆ ?
     
Q11. If a  2, b  2 3 and a  b , then write the value of a  b .
OR
 ˆ   
Let a  i  x ˆj and b  2iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ be two vectors such that the projection of a on b is 2. Then,
find the value of x.
   
Q12. X and Y are two points with position vectors 3a  b and a  3b respectively. Write the position
vector of a point Z which divides the line segment XY in the ratio 2 : 1 externally.
Page 2 of 8
Q13. If the product of the distances of the point (1, 1, 1) from the origin and the plane
x  y  z  k  0 be 5, then determine the value (s) of ‘k’.
Q14. Find the vector equation of a line passing through the point (2, –3, –5) and perpendicular to the

plane r.(6iˆ  3jˆ  5k)
ˆ  2  0.
Q15. If P(not A)  0.7, P(B)  0.7 and P(B | A)  0.5 , then find P( A | B ).
Q16. From the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, two numbers ‘a’ and ‘b’ (such that, a  b ) are chosen at random.
a
Find the probability that is an integer.
b
Section II
Questions in this section carry 1 mark each.
Both the Case study based questions are compulsory. Attempt any 4 sub-parts from each question
17 (i-v) and 18 (i-v).
Q17. Meghna has two boxes I and II. Box I contains 3 red and 6 black balls. Box II contains 5 red and
‘n’ black balls.
One of the two boxes, box I and box II is selected by her friend Radha at random, and then
Radha draws a ball at random. The ball drawn is found to be red.
Based on the above information answer the following :
3
(i) Meghna notices that the probability of the red ball taken out from the box II is . Then
5
Radha asks her about the value of n. The value of ‘n’ is
(a) 1
(b) 3
(c) 5
(d) 6
(ii) The probability that box I is selected given that the ball drawn is found to be red, is
3
(a)
5
2
(b)
5
1
(c)
5
(d) 1
(iii) What is the probability that the ball drawn is found to be red?
5
(a)
12
7
(b)
12
5
(c)
21
12
(d)
5
Page 3 of 8
(iv) Let A be the event of getting a red ball from then box. Also let E1 and E 2 be the events
i 2
that box I and box II is selected, respectively. The value of  i 1
P (Ei | A) is
(a) 1
1
(b)
2
1
(c)
3
(d) 0
i 2
(v) Refer to (iv) part. The value of  i 1
P (Ei ) is
(a) 0
1
(b)
2
(c) 1
1
(d)
10
Q18. There is a local printing press, whose owner is given a bulk order for printing of a magazine by
a school of the same locality. He shows variety of pages to school administration.
Following is the pictorial description for a particular page, selected by school administration.
The total area of the page is 150 cm2.

The combined width of the margin at the top and bottom is 3 cm and the side 2 cm.
Using the information given above, answer the following :
(i) The relation between x and y is given by
(a) (x  3)y  150
(b) xy  150
(c) x(y  2)  150
(d) (x  2)(y  3)  150
(ii) The area of page where printing can be done, is given by
(a) xy
(b) (x  3)(y  2)
(c) (x  3)(y  2)
(d) (x  3)(y  2)
(iii) The area of the printable region of the page, in terms of x, is
450
(a) 156  2x 
x
Page 4 of 8
 150 
(b) 156  2x  3  
 x 
3
(c) 156  2x  15  
x
 150 
(d) 156  2x  3  
 x 
(iv) For what value of ‘x’, the printable area of the page is maximum?
(a) 15 cm
(b) 10 cm
(c) 12 cm
(d) 15 units
(v) What should be dimension of the page so that it has maximum area to be printed?
(a) Length  1 cm, width  15 cm
(b) Length  15 cm, width  10 cm
(c) Length  15 cm, width  12 cm
(d) Length  150 cm, width  1 cm
PART - B
Section III
Questions in this section carry 2 marks each.
 1 
Q19. Find the value of tan  2 tan 1   .
 5 4
OR
1  cos x  1  sin x  
Simplify : cot 1  tan 1   , where 0  x  .
1  cos x  cos x  2
 2x 0   1 0
Q20. If A    and A 1    , then find the value of x, x  0 .
 x x  1 2 
 e1/x  1
 , if x  0
Q21. Find the value of lim f (x) and lim f (x) , where f (x)   e1/x  1 .
x 0 x 0
 1, if x  0

Hence, discuss the continuity of f (x) at x  0 .
Q22. Find the interval in which the function f (x)  x e x (1 x ) is increasing.
5
Q23. Find :   x  1  x  2  x  4  dx .
1
OR
 cosx
e
Evaluate : e cos x
dx .
0
 e  cosx
Q24. Find the area bounded by x 2  4y , x  4y  2 and y  0 .

dy
Q25. Solve the differential equation  1  ex  y .
dx
  
Q26. If r  xiˆ  yjˆ  zkˆ , find (r  î).(r  ˆj)  xy.
Page 5 of 8
Q27. Find the coordinates of the point where the line through the points A(3, 4, 1) and B(5, 1, 6)
crosses the XY-plane.
OR
Find the equation of plane containing the following lines :
x  8 y  19 z  10 x  38 y  29 z  5
  and   .
3 16 7 3 8 5
Q28. The probability distribution of a random variable X, where k is a constant, is given below :
0.1, if x  0
 2
kx , if x  1
P(X  x)   .
 kx, if x  2 or 3
0, otherwise
Determine
(a) the value of k
(b) P(X  2) .
Section IV
x
Q29. Show that the function f : R  {x  R : 1  x  1} defined by f (x)  , x  R is one-
1 x
one and onto function.
 2 1
 x sin , if x  0
Q30. Discuss the differentiability of f (x)   x at x  0 .
 0, if x  0
dy y log x
Q31. If x  ecos 2t and y  esin 2t , prove that  .
dx x log y
OR
m n mn
If x y  (x  y) , then prove that
dy y
(i)  and
dx x
d2y
(ii)  0.
dx 2
Q32. Show that the equation of normal at any point t on the curve x  3cos t  cos3 t and y  3sin t
 sin 3 t is 4(y cos3 t  x sin 3 t)  3sin 4t .
Q33. Find :  
tan x  cot x dx .
x 2 y2
Q34. Using integration, find the area above x-axis, which is bounded by   1 , y  0 and the
16 12
ordinates represented by both the latus-rectums of the given ellipse.
d
Q35. Solve : y  (xy)  x(sin x  log x) .
dx
OR
Page 6 of 8
 2  sin x  dy π
If y(x) is a solution of     cos x and y(0)  1 , then find the value of y   .
 1  y  dx 2
Section V
 0 2y z 
 
Q36. Find x, y, z if A   x y  z  satisfies A′ = A–1.
 x y z 
 
OR
Using matrices, solve the following system of equations :
3x  2y  z  10,
4x  y  3z  15,
x  y  z  6.
Q37. The corner points of the feasible region determined by the system of linear constraints are as
shown below :
Answer each of the following :

(i) Let Z  5x  7y be the objective function. Find the maximum value of Z and, also the
corresponding point at which the maximum value occurs.
(ii) Let Z  px  y and ZA  ZC then, determine the value of p.
Also, what will be the change in the value of p, if Z  px  y and ZA  2 ZC ?
OR
Use graphical method to solve the following linear programming :
To minimize : Z  2x  y
Subject to the constraints :
x  0,
y  0,
4x  y  80,
Page 7 of 8
x  5y  115 ,
3x  2y  150 .
Also write the point at which maximum value of Z occurs.
Q38. A variable plane which remains at a constant distance 3p from the origin, cuts the coordinate
axes at A, B and C respectively. Find the locus of the centroid of triangle ABC.
OR
Find the distance of the point 3iˆ  2ˆj  kˆ from the plane 3x  y  z  2  0 measured parallel to
x  1 y  2 z 1
the   . Also find the foot of perpendicular from the given point upon the given
2 3 1
plane.
Page 8 of 8
SOLUTION Of PTS-01
By O.P. GUPTA (INDIRA Award Winner)  WhatsApp @ +919650350480
PAPER CODE
PART - A
OPG2020-12-PTS-01
Section I
n2
Q01. Number of non-reflexive relations defined on a set of n elements  2  2 n(n 1) .
32 3(31)
So, for a set with 3 elements, no. of non-reflexive relations  2  2
 29  26
 64  7
 448 .
Q02. Given that, f : R  (, 0) defined as f (x)  cot 1 x
    
Now f (  1)  cot 1 (1)  cot 1  cot       .
  4  4
Note that here the range of f (x) is (, 0) , which is other than principal value branch range of
cot 1 .
OR
π
sin 1 x  , x  (1,1)
5
π
 sin sin 1 x  sin
5
π
 x  sin
5
π π
 x  cos   
2 5
 3π 
 cos 1 x  cos1 cos  
 10 
3π
 cos 1 x  .
10
2 1
Q03. Let a  1, b  and c  .
3 4
2 1 1 1 2 1 1 5 1
Note that 1   i.e.,  and   i.e.,  are true.
3 2 3 2 3 4 2 12 2
1 1 3 1
But 1   i.e.,  is false.
4 2 4 2
That is, aRb and bRc does not necessarily imply aRc for all a, b, c  Q .
Therefore, R is not transitive.
OR
f (x)  3x  2 x  Z, f : Z  Z
Let y be an element of codomain Z such that y  f (x)  3x  2 .
y2  2
x Z  yZ  When y  0  Z, x    Z
3  3
So, y  0 (which lies in the codomain Z) doesn’t have its pre-image in the domain Z.
Hence f isn’t surjective.
Page 1 of 19
1 0 0
Q04. As A  0 1 0  (1)(1  0)  0  0  1
0 0 1
n 1
Note that adj.A  A , where n is order of A
31 3
So here, A adj.A  A A A
 A adj.A  (1)3  1 .
Q05. Order of A, B and C are 3  4, 4  5 and 7  3 respectively.

So, order of (A  B) is 3  5 .
Therefore, the order of C(A  B) is 7  5 .
OR
10 19 2
In 0 13 1 , cofactor of 13 is 10  2  9  2  2 and that of 1 is (240  171)  69 .
9 24 2
Therefore, the sum of the cofactors is 2  (69)  67 .
Q06. Let f (x)  x 4  62x 2  a x  9

 f (x)  4x 3  124x  a
Since f (x) attains its maximum value at x = 1, so f (1)  4 13  124  1  a  0
 a  120 .
 tan x 2
Q07. Let I   2 2
x dx
 sin x cos x
Divide Nr and Dr by cos2 x 2
 sec2 x 2 tan x 2
I x dx
 tan x 2
 sec 2 x 2
I x dx
 tan x 2
dy
Put tan x 2  y  x sec 2 x 2 dx 
2
1 1
I  dy
2 y
1
 I  2 y  C
2
 I  tan x 2  C .
OR
3 3
sin x  cos x
Let I   dx
sin 2 x cos 2 x
 sin 3 x cos3 x 
 I   2 2
 2 2  dx
 sin x cos x sin x cos x 
 I    sec x tan x  cosec x cot x  dx
 I  sec x  cosec x  C .
Q08. Clearly the smaller region is (ABCA).
Page 2 of 19
So, required area  ar(ABCA)

6
   36  x 2 dx
4
6
x 36 x
  36  x 2  sin 1 
2 2 6 4
 2
   0  18sin 1 1   2 20  18sin 1 
 3
 2
  18   4 5  18sin 1
2 3
 2
   9  4 5  18sin 1  Sq.units .
 3
dy
Q09. We have  2xy  y
dx
dy
  y 1  2x 
dx
dy
  1  2x  dx
y 
 log y  x  x 2  k
2
 y  e xx k
2
 y  e x  x  ek
2
That is, y  C e x  x , where e k  C .

Q10. Given that a x  1
 a (iˆ  2jˆ  2k)
ˆ 1
 a 2  4a 2  4a 2  1
 3 a2  1
1
a   .
3
 
Q11. Let y  a  b
 2
 y2  a  b
   
 y 2  (a  b).(a  b)
2 2 
 y 2  a  b  2a.b
  
 y 2  4  12  2  0 [ a  b  a.b  0
y4
 
 ab  4.
OR
  
Projection of a on b  a .bˆ  2
 2iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ 
 (iˆ  x ˆj).    2
 4  1  4 
Page 3 of 19
 2x 
 2
 3 
 x  4 .
     
Q12. Here OX  3a  b and OY  a  3b
As Z which divides the line segment XY in the ratio 2 : 1 externally,
   
 2OY  OX 2(a  3b)  (3a  b)
 OZ  
 2  1 1
 
 OZ   a  7b .
Q13. Given point is P(1, 1, 1) and the plane is x  y  z  k  0 .
|1  1  1  k |
According to the question, OP  5
12  (1) 2  12
1 k
 (1  0)2  (1  0) 2  (1  0) 2  5
3
1 k
 3 5
3
 1 k  5
 1  k  5
 1  k  5, 1  k  5
 k  4, 6 .
Q14. Since the required line passing through (2, –3, –5) is perpendicular to the given plane
 ˆ ˆ ˆ
r.(6i  3j  5k)  2  0 so, the line must be parallel to the normal vector of the plane i.e.,

m  6iˆ  3jˆ  5kˆ .
  
So, a  2iˆ  3jˆ  5k,ˆ bm  6iˆ  3jˆ  5kˆ .
  
Hence, by using r  a   b

 r  2iˆ  3jˆ  5kˆ   (6iˆ  3jˆ  5k)
ˆ .
Q15. Here P(A)  1  P(not A)  0.3 .

Now P(A  B)  P(A)  P(B | A)  0.3  0.5  0.15 .
P(A  B)
So, P(A | B) 
P(B)
P(A  B)
 P(A | B) 
1  P(B)
1  P(A  B)
 P(A | B) 
1  P(B)
1   P(A)  P(B)  P(A  B)
 P(A | B) 
1  P(B)
1   0.3  0.7  0.15
 P(A | B) 
1  0.7
0.15
 P(A | B) 
0.3
15
 P(A | B) 
30
Page 4 of 19
1
 P(A | B)  or, 0.5 .
2
Q16. Total possible outcomes will be 5  4  20 .
For favorable cases,
a
Note that a  1, as  Z : 0 cases
b
a
a  2, then b  1, as  Z : (2, 1) i.e., 1 case
b
a
a  3, then b  1, as  Z : (3, 1) i.e., 1 case
b
a
a  4, then b  1, 2 as  Z : (4, 1), (4, 2) i.e., 2 cases
b
a
a  5, then b  1 as  Z : (5, 1) i.e., 1 case
b
So, total favorable cases are 5.
5 1
Therefore, required probability   .
20 4
Section II
Q17. (i) (c) Let E1 : box I is selected, E2 : box II is selected, A : getting a red ball.
1 3 1 5
Here P(E1 )  P(E 2 )  , P(A | E1 )   , P(A | E 2 )  .
2 9 3 5 n
P(E 2 )P(A | E 2 )
By Bayes’ theorem, P(E 2 | A) 
P(E1 )P(A | E1 )  P(E 2 )P(A | E 2 )
1 5

3 2 5 n
 
5 11 1 5
2 3 2 5 n
3 15
 
5 20  n
n  5 .
P(E1 )P(A | E1 )
(ii) (b) By Bayes’ theorem, P(E1 | A) 
P(E1 )P(A | E1 )  P(E 2 )P(A | E 2 )
1 1

 P(E1 | A)  2 3
1 1 1 5
  
2 3 2 10
1
10 10
 P(E1 | A)  3  
1 5 10  15 25

3 10
2
 P(E1 | A)  .
5
Alternatively, P(E1 | A)  P(E 2 | A)  1
3
 P(E1 | A)  1
5
Page 5 of 19
2
 P(E1 | A)  .
5
(iii) (a) P(A)  P(E1 )P(A | E1 )  P(E 2 )P(A | E 2 )
1 1 1 5
So, P(A)    
2 3 2 10
11 1 1 5
 P(A)      
23 2 2 6
5
 P(A)  .
12
i 2
(iv) (a)  i 1
P (Ei | A)  P (E1 | A)  P (E 2 | A)
 P(A | E1 )P(E1 ) P(A | E 2 )P(E 2 ) 

   
 P(A | E1 )P(E1 )  P(A | E 2 )P(E 2 ) P(A | E1 )P(E1 )  P(A | E 2 )P(E 2 ) 
 1.
i 2
(v) (c)  i 1
P (Ei )  P (E1 )  P (E 2 )
1 1
  
2 2
 1.
Q18. (i) (b) Consider the given figure.
Here the total length and width of the page is x and y, respectively.
Now we have, area of the page  xy .
So, xy  150 .
(ii) (c) As the combined width of the margin at the top and bottom is 3 cm and the side 2 cm.
Also the total length and width of the page is x and y, respectively (as seen in the figure).
So, the area of printed page is, S  (x  3)(y  2) .
(iii) (d) Refer to (i) and (ii).
As the area of printed page is, S  (x  3)(y  2)
 S  xy  2x  3y  6
 150 
 S  150  2x  3  6
 x 
 150 
 S  156  2x  3  
 x 
(iv) (a) Refer to (iii).
 150 
We have S  156  2x  3  
 x 
dS 450 d 2S 900
  2  2 and, 2
 3
dx x dx x
Page 6 of 19
dS 450
For local points of maxima and/or minima,  2  2  0
dx x
 2x 2  450
 x  15 cm
d 2S  900
 2  3 0
dx  at x 15cm 15
 S is maximum at x  15 cm .
(v) (b) Refer to (i) and (iv).
For maximum value of S, x  15 cm .
As xy  150
 y  10 cm .
PART - B
Section III
1 1
Q19. Let tan 1  x  tan x 
5 5
1
2
2 tan x 5  5
 tan 2x  2

1  tan x 1  1 12
25
 1   
Now tan  2 tan 1    tan  2x  
 5 4  4

tan 2x  tan
  4

1  tan 2x tan
4
5
1
  12
5
1  1
12
7
  .
17
OR
1  cos x 1  sin x 
Let y  cot 1  tan 1 
1  cos x  cos x 
2
 x x 
2 x cos  sin
2sin   
2  tan 1   2 2 
 y  cot 1
x  2 x x 
2 cos2   cos  sin 2  
2  2 2 
 x x
 cos  sin 
x 2 2
 y  cot 1 tan  tan 1 
2 x x
 cos  sin 
 2 2
x     x 
 0  x  2  4   2  2   2

 1  tan
 x
 y  cot 1 cot     tan 1  2   
2 2 x   x 
1  tan 
 2  and, 0     
 4 2 4
Page 7 of 19
 x  x
y    tan 1 tan    .
2 2 4 2
 x  x
 y     
2 2 4 2

y .
4
 2x 0   x 0
Q20. For A    , we have adj.A    and A  2x 2 .
 x x   x 2x 
 x   1 
0   0
1  x 0   2x 2 2x
 A 1  2      …(i)
2x   x 2x   x 2x   1 1
 2   
 2x 2x 2   2x x
 1 0
Also we have A 1    …(ii)
 1 2 
 1 
 0
 1 0
By (i) and (ii), we have  2x 
 1 1   1 2 
 
 2x x
1 1 1
By equality of matrices, we get :  1,   1,  2
2x 2x x
1
 x .
2
Q21. We have f (0)  1 .
e1/ x  1
Now lim f (x)  lim 1/ x
[Put x  0  h. When x  0  h  0
x 0 x 0 e 1
1/ h
e 1
  lim 1/h
h 0 e 1

e 1 0 1
     1
e 1 0 1
e1/ x  1
Also lim f (x)  lim 1/ x [Put x  0  h. When x  0  h  0
x 0 x0 e 1
1/h
e 1
  lim 1/ h
h 0 e 1
1  e 1/ h 1  e 
  lim   1.
h 0 1  e 1/ h 1  e 
As f (0)  lim f (x)  lim f (x)
x 0 x 0
Hence f is discontinuous at x  0 .
Q22. We have f (x)  x e x(1 x)
 f (x)  x e x (1 x ) 1  2x   e x(1 x)
 f (x)    2x 2  x  1 e x (1 x )
For critical points, f (x)    2x 2  x  1 e x(1 x)  0
Page 8 of 19
 (2x  1)(x  1)  0
1
 x  1, 
2
 1 
 f (x)  0  x    , 1
 2 
 1 
 f (x) is increasing for all x    , 1 .
 2 
5
Q23. Let I    x  1  x  2  x  4  dx
1
2 4
    (x  1)  (x  2)  (x  4)  dx    (x  1)  (x  2)  (x  4)  dx
1 2
5
   (x  1)  (x  2)  (x  4)  dx
4
2 4 5
    5  x  dx    x  1 dx    3x  7  dx
1 2 4
2 2 2 4 5
 x  x   3x 2 
   5x      x     7x 
 2 1  2 2  2 4
7 13
  8
2 2
 I  18 .
OR
 cos x
e
Let I   cos x  cos x dx …(i)
0
e e
a a 
ecos(  x )
Using  f  x  dx   f  a  x  dx , we have : I   dx
0 0 0
e cos(  x )  e  cos(  x)
  cos x
e
I  cos x
dx …(ii)
0
e  e cos x
 
ecos x e cos x
Adding (i) and (ii), we get : 2I   cos x  cos x
dx    cos x cos x
dx
0
e  e 0
e  e

e cos x  e  cos x
 2I   cos x  cos x dx
0
e e

 2I   1dx
0
1 
I x
2 0
1
 I     0
2

 I .
2
2
Q24. x  4y , x  4y  2 and, y  0 .
On solving these equations, we get
x2  x  2
 x2  x  2  0
Page 9 of 19
 (x  1)(x  2)  0
 x  1, 2
Required area  ar(ABCA)  ar(CBOC)

1 0
x2 x2
   4
2
dx   dx
1 4
1
1  (x  2)2  1 0
      x 3 
4  2  2 12  1
1 1
  1  0  0  (1)
8 12
1 1
  
8 12
12  8
 
96
5
  Sq.units .
24
dy
Q25. Given  1  ex  y .
dx
dy dt
Put x  y  t  1 
dx dx
dt
  et
dx
  e  t dt   dx
 e  t  x  C
 k  x  e  t , where k  C
  k  x  e x  y  1 is the required solution.

Q26. We have r  xiˆ  yjˆ  zkˆ
î ˆj kˆ î ˆj kˆ
 
 r  î  x y z  0iˆ  zjˆ  ykˆ and, r  ˆj  x y z   ziˆ  0ˆj  xkˆ
1 0 0 0 1 0
 
 (r  î).(r  ˆj)  xy  (zjˆ  yk).(
ˆ  ziˆ  xk)
ˆ  xy
 
 (r  î).(r  ˆj)  xy  0  xy  0  xy  0 .
Page 10 of 19
Q27. Equation of XY-plane is z  0 …(i)

Equation of line passing through the points A(3, 4, 1) and B(5, 1, 6) is :
x  3 y  4 z 1
 
5  3 1 4 6 1
x  3 y  4 z 1
    …(ii)
2 3 5
The coordinates of any random point on line (ii) : P(2  3,  3  4, 5  1) .
For the point of intersection of (i) and (ii), point P must satisfy (i).
1
That is, 5  1  0  .
5
 2 3   13 23 
Hence, the coordinates of the point P  3  , 4  , 0  i.e., P  , , 0  .
 5 5  5 5 
OR
x  8 y  19 z  10
The line   passes through (8, –19, 10).
3 16 7
Also the d.r.’s of the given lines are 3, –16, 7 and 3, 8, –5.
So, the d.r.’s of the normal to the plane containing the lines can be obtained by
î ˆj kˆ
3 16 7  24iˆ  36ˆj  72kˆ .
3 8 5
Therefore the required equation of plane is
24(x  8)  36(y  19)  72(z  10)  0
 2(x  8)  3(y  19)  6(z  10)  0
 2x  3y  6z  19 .
Q28. (a) As  P(X)  1
 P(0)  P(1)  P(2)  P(3)  P(4)  ...  1
 0.1  k(1) 2  k(2)  k(3)  0  ...  1
 6k  0.9
3
k .
20
(b) P(X  2)  P(0)  P(1)  P(2)
1 3
 P(X  2)  0.1  k  2k   3
10 20
11
 P(X  2)  .
20
Section IV
x
Q29. Here f : R  A, where A  {x  R : 1  x  1} , is defined by f (x)  , xR
1 | x |
One-one : Let x1 , x 2  R so that f (x1 )  f (x 2 )
x1 x2
 
1  | x1 | 1  | x 2 |
x1 x2
Case I : If x1 , x 2  0 then,   x1  x1x 2  x 2  x1x 2  x1  x 2 …(i)
1  x1 1  x 2
Page 11 of 19
x1 x
Case II : If x1 , x 2  0 then,  2  x1  x1x 2  x 2  x1x 2  x1  x 2 …(ii)
1  x1 1  x 2
Case III : If x1  0, x 2  0 then, clearly x1  x 2 .
x1 x2
Then   f (x1 )  f (x 2 ) …(iii)
1  x1 1  x 2
Case IV : If x1  0, x 2  0 then, clearly x1  x 2 .
x1 x2
Then   f (x1 )  f (x 2 ) …(iv)
1  x1 1  x 2
By (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), it is evident that f is one-one.
Onto : Let y  A 1  y  1 so that y  f (x) (Recall that, A  {x  R : 1  x  1}
x
y
1 | x |
x
y
1 x
 y  xy  x
 y  x  xy
 y  x(1  y)
y
x  R for all  1  y  1 .
1 y
That is, for all f-image in the Codomain A, we’ve a pre-image in the Domain R of the function f.
So, f is onto function.
Q30. We have f (0)  0 .
1
x 2 sin    0
f (x)  f (0) x
LHD  at x  0  : lim  lim
x 0 x 0 x  0 x 0
1  1
  lim x sin    0  (a value lying between  1 and 1)  0   1  sin  1
x0 x  x
1
x 2 sin    0
f (x)  f (0) x
RHD  at x  0  : lim  lim
x 0 x 0 x 0 x 0
1
  lim x sin    0  (a value lying between  1 and 1)  0
x 0 x
 LHD  at x  0   RHD  at x  0 
 f (x) is differentiable at x  0 .
Q31. We have x  ecos 2t and, y  esin 2t

Taking log on both sides, we get
 cos 2t  log x …(i) and, sin 2t  log y …(ii)
Squaring and then adding (i) and (ii), we get
2 2
cos 2 2t  sin 2 2t   log x    log y 
2 2
  log x    log y   1
Differentiating w. r. t. x both sides
d d
 2 log x.  log x   2log y.  log y   0
dx dx
Page 12 of 19
1 1 dy
 log x.  log y. 0
x y dx
dy y log x
  .
dx x log y
OR
m n m n
Given x y   x  y 
m n
 log  x m yn   log  x  y 
 m log x  n log y   m  n  log  x  y 
Differentiating w. r. t. x both sides
m n dy 1  dy 
   m  n . 1  
x y dx x  y  dx 
dy  n m  n  m  n m
    
dx  y x  y  x  y x
dy y
  .
dx x
d2y  1  1 dy y 1y  dy y
Again differentiating w. r. t. x, 2
 y  2    2     
dx  x  x dx x xx  dx x
2
d y
  0.
dx 2
Q32. x  3cos t  cos3 t and y  3sin t  sin 3 t
dx dy
  3sin t  3cos 2 t sin t and  3cos t  3sin 2 t cos t
dt dt
2
dx dx dt 3sin t  3cos t sin t
   
dy dt dy 3cos t  3sin 2 t cos t
dx 3sin t(1  cos 2 t)
  2
  tan 3 t
dy 3cos t(1  sin t)
dx sin 3 t
mN   
dy cos3 t
sin 3 t
3 
Equation of normal at t : y  (3sin t  sin 3 t)  x  (3cos t  cos3 t) 
cos t
 y cos3 t  cos3 t(3sin t  sin 3 t)  x sin 3 t  sin 3 t(3cos t  cos3 t)
 y cos3 t  x sin 3 t  cos3 t(3sin t  sin 3 t)  sin 3 t(3cos t  cos3 t)
 y cos3 t  x sin 3 t  3cos3 t sin t  cos3 t sin 3 t  3sin 3 t cos t  sin 3 t cos3 t
 y cos3 t  x sin 3 t  3cos3 t sin t  3sin 3 t cos t  3sin t cos t(cos 2 t  sin 2 t)
3
 y cos3 t  x sin 3 t   2 sin t cos t(cos 2t)
2
3
 y cos3 t  x sin 3 t  sin 2t cos 2t
2
3 3
 y cos3 t  x sin 3 t   2 sin 2t cos 2t  sin 4t
4 4
3 3
 4(y cos t  x sin t)  3sin 4t .
Q33. Let I    tan x  cot x dx 

Page 13 of 19
sin x  cos x
I dx
sin x cos x
Put  cos x  sin x  t
  sin x  cos x  dx  dt .
2 t 2 1
Also   cos x  sin x   t 2  sin x cos x  .
2
dt
I  
t 2 1
2
dt
 I  2
t 2 1
 I  2 log t  t 2  1  C
 I  2 log  sin x  cos x  sin 2x  C
x 2 y2
Q34. For the ellipse   1 , we have a 2  16, b 2  12
16 12
 a  b c
2 2 2
 c  2
 Equations of latus-rectums are x  2, x  2
y2 x 2 16  x 2
Also,  1 
12 16 16
12
 y 2  (16  x 2 )
16
3
y 16  x 2
2
Required area  ar(ABCDEOA)

2
3
   16  x 2 dx
2 2
2
3 x 16 x
   16  x 2  sin 1 
2 2 2 4  2
3  1 1   1  1  
   12  8sin     12  8sin     
2  2   2  
3     
    12  8      12  8   
2  6  6 
3  4 
   2  12  
2  3 
 4 
  32 3  
 3 
 4 
  6   Sq.units .
 3
d
Q35. y  xy   x  sin x  log x 
dx
Page 14 of 19
dy d
 yx  y  x   x  sin x  log x 
dx dx
dy
 yx  y 1  x  sin x  log x 
dx
dy 2
  y  sin x  log x
dx x
dy
This is linear differential equation of the form  Px y  Qx
dx
2
Px  , Q  x   sin x  log x
x
2
 dx 2
Now, I.F.  e x  e log x  x 2
So solution is given by y  x 2    x 2  sin x  log x  dx  C
Consider I   x 2 sin xdx   x 2 log xdx (using integral By Parts
 dx 2  d 
  x 2  sin xdx     sin xdx  dx  log x  x 2 dx    log x  x 2 dx dx
 dx   dx 
3
x 1
  x 2   cos x    2x cos xdx  log x   x 2 dx
3 3
3
x 1
   x 2 cos x  2x sin x  2 cos x  log x  x 3  C
3 9
x3 1
So the required solution is, y  x 2    x 2 cos x  2x sin x  2 cos x  log x  x 3  C
3 9
2sin x 2 cos x x log x x
Or, y   cos x   2
   C x 2 .
x x 3 9
OR
 2  sin x  dy
We have,     cos x
 1  y  dx
dy  cos x
  dx
1 y 2  sin x
 log 1  y   log 2  sin x  log C
C
 1  y  
2  sin x
C
Given y  0   1 so, 1  1  C4
2  sin 0
4 2  sin x
So, y  1 
2  sin x 2  sin x
2  sin x
That is, y  is the solution of differential equation.
2  sin x

2  sin

  2
Now y   
 2  2  sin 
2
   2 1
 y  
 2  2 1
Page 15 of 19
 1
 y   .
2 3
Section V
 0 2y z 
Q36. A   x y z 
 
 x  y z 
0 x x
 A  2y y  y 

 
 z  z z 
Given that A1  A
 AA 1  AA (Pre-multiplying both sides by A
 AA  I
 0 2y z   0 x x  1 0 0 
So, x y z 2y y  y   0 1 0 
  
    
 x  y z   z  z z  0 0 1 
 4y 2  z 2 2y 2  z 2 2y 2  z 2  1 0 0 
 
  2y 2  z 2 x 2  y 2  z 2 x 2  y 2  z 2    0 1 0 
 
 2y2  z 2 x 2  y 2  z 2 x 2  y 2  z 2  0 0 1 
 
By equality of matrices, we get :
4y 2  z 2  1, 2y 2  z 2  0, x 2  y 2  z 2  1, x 2  y2  z 2  0
 4y 2  z 2  1, 2y 2  z 2 , x 2  y 2  z 2  1, x 2  y 2  z 2
 4y 2  2y 2  1, x 2  y2  2y 2  1, x 2  y2  2y 2
 6y 2  1, x 2  3y 2  1, x 2  3y2
1
 y 2  , x 2  3y 2  1, x 2  3y 2
6
1
y   ,
6
1 1 1
x2  3  x  
6 2 2
1 1
Using 2y 2  z 2 , we have 2   z 2 z  
6 3
1 1 1
Hence, x   , y , z .
2 6 3
OR
Here 3x  2y  z  10, 4x  y  3z  15, x  y  z  6
 3 2 1  x  10
This system of equations can be written as,  4 1 3  y   15
    
 1 1 1  z   6 
 3 2 1 x  10 
where A  4 1 3 , X  y , B  15 
   
     
 1 1 1  z   6 
 AX  B
Page 16 of 19
 X  A1B …(i)
Now, A  3(1  3)  2(4  3)  1(4  1)  5  0 , so A–1 exists.
Consider Aij as the cofactors of the element a ij of matrix A.

A 11  2, A 12  1, A 13  3,
A 21  1, A 22  2, A 23  1,
A 31  5, A 32  5, A 33  5
 2 1 5 
So, adj.A   1 2 5
 
 3 1 5
 2 1 5 
1 1
A 1
 adj.A  1 2 5 
|A| 5  
 3 1 5 
 2 1 5 10 
1
By (i), X  1 2 5  15 
5   
 3 1 5   6 
 20  15  30 
1
X 10  30  30 
5  
 30  15  30 
 x  1
  y    2
   
 z   3
By equality of matrices, we get :

x  1, y  2, z  3 .
Q37. (i) Consider the following table.
Corner points Value of Z
O(0,0) 0
B(3, 4) 43  Maximum
A(7, 0) 35
C(0, 2) 14
Clearly, the maximum value of Z is 43 and it occurs at B(3, 4).
(ii) As ZA  ZC
 7p  0  p  0  2
2
p  .
7
Now, ZA  2 ZC
 7p  0  2(p  0  2)
4
p  .
7
4 2 2
Therefore, the change in value of p    .
7 7 7
OR
Page 17 of 19
To minimize : Z  2x  y
Subject to the constraints :
x  0, y  0,
4x  y  80,
x  5y  115 ,
3x  2y  150 .
Corner Points Value of Z

L(2, 72) 76
M(15, 20) 50  Minimum
N(40, 15) 95
Therefore, the minimum value of Z is 50.

Also the maximum value of Z occurs at (40, 15).
Q38. Let A(a, 0, 0), B(0, b, 0) and C(0, 0, c).
x y z
So, equation of plane :    1 ...(i)
a b c
0 0 0
  1
a b c
 Distance of (i) from origin, 3p 
1 1 1
 
a 2 b2 c2
1 1 1 1
 2  2  2  2 ...(ii)
a b c 9p
a b c
Let centroid of ABC be (, , )   , , 
 3 3 3
 a  3, b  3, c  3
Replacing values of , ,  in (ii), we get :
1 1 1 1
2
 2
 2
 2
(3) (3) (3 ) 9p
1 1 1 1
 2 2 2  2
   p
Page 18 of 19
1 1 1 1
 Required locus is : 2
 2 2  2.
x y z p
OR
The equation of line through 3iˆ  2ˆj  kˆ i.e., P(3, –2, 1) and parallel to the given line having
x  3 y  2 z 1
d.r.’s as (2, –3, 1), is   .
2 3 1
The coordinates of any random point on this line is :
A (2  3, 3  2,   1) .
If A lies on the plane 3x  y  z  2  0 , then
3(2  3)  (3  2)  (  1)  2  0
   4
Therefore, A(–5, 10, –3).
 Required distance is, AP  (3  5)2  (2  10) 2  (1  3) 2  4 14 units .
Now, the equation of line passing through P(3, –2, 1) and perpendicular to the given equation of
x  3 y  2 z 1
plane 3x  y  z  2  0 is,   .
3 1 1
The coordinates of any random point on this line is : B (3  3,   2,   1) .
If B lies on the plane 3x  y  z  2  0 , then
8
3(3  3)  (  2)  (  1)  2  0     .
11
 9 30 19 
Therefore, the required foot of perpendicular is  ,  ,  .
 11 11 11 
Page 19 of 19
MATHEMATICIA
By O.P. GUPTA
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Teachers and Students in their preparation of (1) CBSE SQP

A Compilation By : O.P. GUPTA (INDIRA AWARD WINNER)

Discuss the surjectivity of f : Z  Z given as f (x)  3x  2  x  Z .

The total area of the page is 150 cm2.

Q24. Find the area bounded by x 2  4y , x  4y  2 and y  0 .

Answer each of the following :

Q05. Order of A, B and C are 3  4, 4  5 and 7  3 respectively.

Q06. Let f (x)  x 4  62x 2  a x  9

So, required area  ar(ABCA)

Q15. Here P(A)  1  P(not A)  0.3 .

 P(A | E1 )P(E1 ) P(A | E 2 )P(E 2 ) 

Q18. (i) (b) Consider the given figure.

Required area  ar(ABCA)  ar(CBOC)

Q27. Equation of XY-plane is z  0 …(i)

Q31. We have x  ecos 2t and, y  esin 2t

Q33. Let I    tan x  cot x dx 

 I  2 log  sin x  cos x  sin 2x  C

Required area  ar(ABCDEOA)

Consider Aij as the cofactors of the element a ij of matrix A.

By equality of matrices, we get :

Corner Points Value of Z

Therefore, the minimum value of Z is 50.

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