FEASIBILITY TUDY ON INTELLIGENT MARINE TRAFFIC SYSTEM

Kazuhiko HASEGAWA, Yasuhiro SHIGEMORI and Yuuichiro ICHIYAMA

Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan

e-mail:hase@naoe.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp

Abstract: Feasibility study on ITS (Intelligent Traffic System) for Marine (M

discussed based on Marine Traffic Simulation System (SMARTS)

1. Introduction Usefulness o S a f S AFES a n d f i nnd

a l l3)
y t MARTS
he
above 2 items will support the feasibility of V-VTS.
For s afety
o n f i cavigation w nr ongested aterways, adar
plays a i n mportant
r A ( ole. R RPA 2. Universal
Automated
AIS(Automatic Identification
adar System)
Plotting A o E
ids) ( r CCDIS D aElectric hart isplay nd
Information S a rystem) a a rea ecently Now I dded
iMO
t t ss rying
dditional
c o o tandardize
U ri
operational a However,
ids.t n he
o s umber
c AIS.
f hip
As y ou
kasualties
A now
i n s IS a sh ow
b tudied
doesn't c dhange f t rastically
t y o n or hese
studied i en
m na ears,any c r dvanced
a umber
at t e ountry s
of b ig d isasters
s a o uch
s r s ilinformation
pills i n b ather
o t h s h i p - t o - s h i p a n d
increased. in c ongestedw The
aterways.
i ntention
o s f tandardizati
is t io mprove
s o V m
afety af t IS
s anagement
On t ohe h therr p and, i I apid G rogress
a effectiven n nternet,avigation
o s F oPS
r e x a m pfnd
l avoiding
e , hips. o f
satellite c ommunication
h b u v c ave rought
collision, t so Vools
ariouss f c hanges
TS,i ending
t arg
in t echnology.Combining t t hese w cechnologies,
ships a t ndl e co ameocal
a enter,
f o s utomatic
up t a o i n[ dea
In t his
p 1]. t aper,
i w r he adea information,
as ealized
e . F ig. 1 s how
tc
nd s the concept o U f niversal
evaluated t chrough n omputer
s AIS.
etwork
The AIS of ship
imulation.
A sends the message in one time
The i dea
w d as s iscussed
t a v everal s l o t . Aimes
t t h e s a m e t i t r earious
serves another time slot for nex
symposia/conferences o a a j [ r I t ournal
position m 2,3,4].
All
essage.
o ther
A n IS-equipped
hiss r t hips
paper a uthors w ouldl t dike ao Aiscuss bout
s a m e pIS(Universal
r o c .e dHuerree o n e t i m e s l o t s h o u l d c o n t
ship-borne A Iutomatic S dentification
o o available information
ystem), required ne
by IMO fstandard such as
c o m m u n i c arotocol
t i o n wp c hich r V
ould ship
ealize
name, speed,-VTS
etc.
[1]. There are already a few standard protocol for ship
m anage m ent [5].
Now A i IS
s as tudied
i s ctively
2.1 Standard information
n ome
advanced c ountries
f i i or tsf ntroduction
s orward afe
navigation f To ields.
v erify
i r ats u oles ndE v e n tsefulness,
hough the concept and intentions of AIS is very
simulation i c s b onducted
u S [ 6 ]ay nd sing
great, the process
AFES of standardization is required to utilize
SMARTS [ 7 .] T her esults
o s fw imulation
s i t m o r e ould
e f f e c t i v e l yhow
i n t h e w o rIMO
l d . rS o equire
t hat
follows i 1 V
tem. )o A erification
t b i 2 f follows
IS information
o e should
mplemented
be included in AIS message.
)

1
1) Static i nformation;
I n c s MOh aumber, building uall V ign,
p I t -VTS.
peight s nd
n i chis aper im
width, s t hip p ype,o a osition
2 Dynamic f t ntenna.
o c h e c k t h e) f e a s i b i l i t y o f I n t e l l i g e n t M a
information; s p hip'ss osition,
t h tandard
System using AIS.ime, eading
angle, c ourse
o g sn rround,
o t e peed, ate f urn, tc.
3) Navigation i nformation;
d t o c d raft, 3.ypeSimulation
f argo, eparture
and destination, waypoint etc. 4) Safety message.
All s hipu A
nder s IS
s rystem a hould
The m arine
t eports raffic
bove
s (SMARTS)
imulation [6] w as ystem
information t c o a renter i t egular
developed u s ntervals.
a sing hipf euto-navigation
s
The r eporting
t d ime
o t sepends o (SAFES)
n he[7]. I ituations
c t a an utomatically
c f m t reate
navigation. The d etails
of i nformation
t b r ao e according
eportedt t s ond he
d e tatistical
The s tatistical
d atao tc.ata
i n t e r v a l aas
re f ollows.
1 Static i ) nformation
-e 6 Osaka very
port is utilized. The data refered to various survey
minutes o w rr hen 2) Dynamic
equested.
i nformation
– o n m a r i n e t r a f f i c o f l o n g t e
it depends onship’s s peed and status
; b erthing- 3 the
mins,
Kobe Marine Accidents Inquiry Agencies
. T or ealize
below 1 - 14kts from 142secs,
to 23kts of speed- 6 secs, traffic s i t u a t i of
o nOsaka b f ay, i n gp
ollow
rocedure i s
above 2 - 33kts b 1 secs,when altering
elow c -4kts(
ourse)
used. 1 Set d) estination
a d pnd o e eparture
s ort
4secs, f r o m14 t o 23kts(w h e naltering c - ourse)
2 2) Determine
secs, t i ime o s ntervale 3f hip's
23kts(w h e altering
n c -ourse)
2secs. 3 ) avigation
N Set r oute
o s i n eaw ncluding
4 Set p arameter
aypoint
o f
information - e 6 m veryo w r inutes 4 ship.
r 5 Navigation
hen) aequested. utomatically.
I n Osaka
) b t ay, here
Safety m essage
- w r hen
T h e s e s tequested.
a n d a r d i z e dare m any
s p mall
A l orts. t puthort 6 imited
data make it possible to get other ship
’s information and categories f s or implification.
The s hip's
e t merging
to send it to shore side. interval r e f e r s two
to r eport
o " r f o The
s eport
navigation s i o tatus b a n " sakar o ay" nd
2.2 AIS and V-VTS navigation s Route
tatus”.
a w nd i aypoint
o b s bta
"Information o s t bn J ea h raffic a y apan
The V-VTS is regarded as a database accessible from the "Report b J yc apan
a aptain
Fig [ s2] ssociation".
hows
n e t w o r k . F i g . [ 5 ] s h o w c o n c e p t o f V- V T S . E a c hOsaka
s h i pb u ayi s sed a nF imulation
[ ] shows o neo f nd i
w i l l a c c e s s t h e V- V T S t h r o u g h a w e b b r o w s e r sactual
u c h adisplay
s of simulation.
Netscape o I rE nternet
T o s xplorer.
i d he wn hip s isplayed
i n t h e c e n t e r a n d o t h e r s h i p s a r e s h o w n w i t h t h e i r4.pResults
lan of simulation
p a t h s a n d p r e s e n t v e l o c i t y v e c t o r. I t w i l l b e h e l p f u l t o
s h i p m a s t e r t o p r o v i d e t h e s e d a t a w i t h o u t a n24y hm a nours
u oa l t af s ime b re m imulated
t y
operat ion or communicat ion. The above idea is almost
simulation s t c ystemt n o o Aheckr i he umber
same to that of AIS of which purpose is to provide ship
Osaka b Figay.
[ s 4] t hows
n o otal
r a umber
s f
and shore with useful ship information. AIS can be one under A WeIS.c f an t ind
1 the r eportn
hat ) humber
n as
o f c o m m u n i c a t i o n p r o t o c o l soi n m Vany
- Vr T S . elations
wE a c ah s h ic ith
p 2 ltering
e q u i p p e d w i t h A I S s h o u l d r e p o r t t h e i r i n f o r mTotal
a t i or n v eport
i na i a umber5 t t s t lmost
n o imes
V H F t o s h a　
r ew i t h e a c h o t h e r . W h e n o n e o r mship
a n yu nderway.
It h as
r elations
w the factthatith
r eport
virtual server is located in VIS to collect ship report and number a b t 1 elowi 5 p 4ktsm 3s er
to re-send them by request of ship, it will be one type of The m ost
p v eako r alue
i 1 pf meport s 2
V- V T S . I t i s c o n s i d e r e d t h a t A I S i s u It
s es f uati
sfies
l t ot o lI he
s i nc MO 2 riterion,
r p m 000
a eport

2
least on simulation with simulated circumstances. [ 3 ] K . H a s e g a:wIan t e r n e t R a d a r a n d I n t e l l i g e n t Ve s s e l
Traffi c Servi ce, oral presentation at t he Special Session
o f I n t e l l i g e n t M t ah Ir Fi nA eC SWy os rt le dm
5. Conclusions Congress, Beijing, China, 6-9, July, 1999.

Until n a ow h puthor n as
c roposed
t r [ 4 ] ew
M . E n doncept
o a n d K . H aos e g aealize
wa: Systemization of Ship
intelligent m t arine
s u raffic
v v ystem Operation
sing– For theirtual
Cooperation essel
between Seamen, Ship
traffic s ervice
( ThisV-VTS).
p w
aper b o sill o e a ne
n dE n tory
v i r o Fnf im r es nt t a (n d S e c o n d R e
that f low.
I nt his
p A aper
i s ISt e s imulated
t J a p a n e soe ) , stimate
S e a a n d S a f eotal
t y, p p . 8 - 1 5 , N o . 4 8 3 , p p . 1 0
report number in Osaka bay and to confirm whetherNo.484,
its 1999.
number s I atisfy
s O
MO Atandard.
w s riginally IS as tarted
w i t h b o t h s h i p - t o - s h i p a n d s h i p - t o - s h o r e m o d e . [B u t a s 5
mentioned in body, in virtual world ship-to-shore mode
http://www.itk.ntnu.no:80/SINTEF/MITS/.
can be replaced with ship-to-virtual server mode. It will
be o ne
e xample
o V . The mf cain
-VTS onclusions
w b [6] K H . ill asegawa
: A ei m nt ntelligent
e arin
drawn as follows. s y s t e m hf ao rr b oaunr d w a t e rd we as iy ,g nPsr o c . o f
4t h I n t e r n a t i o n a l Symposium on Marine
1) T he
numberof AISreport i Osaka
n b isay
estimated Kobe ’90 (ISME KOBE’90), Vol.2, G-1-7
―14, Kobe,
by simulations. Japan, 1990.
2) The n umber
o AIS r eporti
f Osakan b s aysfied t ati
he
IMO standard criterion. [7] K H . asegawa:
K a nowledge-based
n
3) Total r eport
n i umber
a 5 t s t lmost s y s t e m f ho arimes
r b o u r m ahan
n o e u, vPr ri on cg . o f T e n t h S h i p
that of ship on sea. C o n t r o l S y s t e m s S y m p o s i u m , Vo . 2 ,
4) The c oncept
o I rf anternet
i madar Canada,
nd 1993.
ntelligent arine
traffic s ystem
u v sing
v t irtual
s essel raffic ervice
(V-VTS) p broposed
t a i s realized
y he
b u s iuthor
n yg
AIS.

References
[1] K. Hasegawa: A proposal of global ship information
system
a n d i tasp p l i c a t i o n t o a u t o m a t i c s h i p c o l l i s i o n
a v o i d a n c e s y s t e m , P r o c . O f E l e v e n t h S h i p C o n t r o l
S y s t e m s S y m p o s i u m , Vo l 2 , p p . 1 9 7 - 2 1 0 , S o u t h a m p t o n ,
U.K., 1997

[ 2 ] K . H a s e g a w a a n d K . Ta n i g u c h i : I n t e r n e t R a d a r a n d
V i r t u a l V e s s e l T r a f f i c S e r v i c e
2 Conference for New Ship & Marine Technology into
nd

the 21st Century, pp.336-339, Hong Kong, China, 1998.

3
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???

Fig. 1 Concept of universal AIS

Fig.2 picture of Osaka bay used in simulation

Fig. 5 Concept of V-VTS

Number of Report Number

per min of ship
1000 200

800 160

600 120

400 80

200 40
Number of Report（not including berthing ship)
Number of ship under AIS
0 0
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Time Zone(hour)

Fig. 3 Real snap display of simulation Fig.

4 The number of AIS Report and ships