90 95 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14

0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0
85 400
11
PSYCHROMETRIC CHART 0
W
ET
HIGH TEMP BU 380 2.4
LB
80 TE
M
PE

19.0
18.0
17.0
RA 360
TU
RE 105
75 -° 2.2
F
340

16.0
70 320
Y AIR

2.0
100
300 100
OF DR

65

10
POUND

0 280 1.8

RY AIR
E - °F

60
TU PER

RATUR

260

HUMIDITY RATIO - GRAINS OF MOISTURE PER POUND OF D

95

VAPOR PRESSURE - INCHES OF MERCURY

LPY - B

TEMPE

1.6

25%
55
240
ENTHA

ATION

90 220
50 90
SATUR

1.4

90
200
45
85
15.0

180 1.2
SPE

40
CIFI

35 80 160
80
CV

1.0
OLU

15%

80
140
30
ME
90%

75
ft³/lb

120 .8
80%

OF

25 70
70
DRY
70%

70 100
AIR

65
20
%

.6
60

60
14.0

80
60
8%
%
50

15 60
55
60
%

50 6% .4
40

50

DEW POINT - °F
50 %
10 40 30 40
45
4% 40
40 %
30 20 IDIT Y 35 .2
HUM
13.0

E 30
30 ATIV 2% 20
REL 25
20 10% 20
10
5 0
-40
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300

Linric Company Psychrometric Chart, www.linric.com DRY BULB TEMPERATURE - °F

 FORMULAS AND CONVERSION FACTORS
WATER VAPOR FLOW CONVERSION PAYBACK
7,000 grains = 1 lb. of water SCFM = lb/hr / 4.5 Yearly savings = MMBTU/hr saved* Yearly
1 gallon water = 8.3 lbs. SCFM = ACFM * [530/(460 + T)] hours of operation* Cost of Fuel ($/MMBTU)
ACFM = SCFM * [(460 + T)/530] (sea level) Simple payback = equipment cost /
FUEL-ENERGY CONVERSION yearly savings
Altitude Correction Factor:
1 kW electricity = 3,412 BTU/hr
[(1 - (0.003566*Alt) / 518.69)^5.26] HEAT EXCHANGER EFFECTIVENESS
1 Ft3 natural gas = 1,000 BTU (Alt = altitude in feet)
% ƾ = T2-T1
1 gallon #2 fuel oil = 140,000 BTU ACFM = SCFM*[(460 + T) / 530] / [(1 - T3-T1
1 gallon propane = 91,600 BTU (0.003566*Alt) / 518.69)^5.26] T1 = cold gas inlet
1 gallon propane = 35.97 ft3 propane Nm3/hr = Normal m3/hr = m3/hr measured T2 = cold gas outlet
at 0°C
1 therm = 100,000 BTU/hr T3 = hot gas inlet
SCFM = Nm3/hr * 0.634
1 kCal/hr = 3.968 BTU/hr T4 = hot gas outlet
Hp (air) = SCFM *¨P (in. H2O) / PRESSURES Valid with equal flows or when cold flow is
(6,350 * Eff.) the smallest
27.7 inches W.C. = 1 psi
Hp (water) = GPM *¨P (ft. H2O) /
1 bar = 14.5 psi STACK FRICTION LOSS
(3,960 * Eff.)
1 inch W.C. = 25.4 mm W.C. Friction Loss (in W.C.)/100 ft. of stack =
SENSIBLE HEATING/COOLING [(0.109136* q1.9)] / [D5.02]
THERMAL MATERIAL PROPERTIES
BTU/hr = lb/hr * Cp * ¨T D = stack diameter in inches
Thermal
Coeff of Thermal
BTU/hr = SCFM * 1.08 * ¨T Material
Density
(lb / in3)
Expansion
Conductivity
(BTU / hr - in - q = Air flow rate in CFM (cubic feet
(in / in-°F)
(Assumes Cp = .24 and density = .075 lb/ft3) Ft2 - °F) per minute)
1100
BTU/hr = 500 * GPM * ¨T Aluminum
0.1 13 x 10-6 1536

BTU/hr = 4.5 * SCFM * ¨h (Total Energy)

-6
Carbon Steel 0.29 7.7 x 10 456
304 Note: These formulae are for reference and estimation
BTU/hr = 4,840 * SCFM * ¨HR Stainless Steel
0.29 10 x 10-6 105.6
purposes only. Assumptions have been made to
(Latent Energy) simplify formulae and conversions.
12,000 BTUs = 1 ton AMBIENT PRESSURE AT ALTITUDE
Tons = 24 * GPM * ¨T (water) P (psia) = 14.696* [1 - (6.8754* 10-6 *
Alt)]5.2559

BR0009-00