Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Astm d2290 12 PDF

    Uploaded by

    raja qammar
    199 views36 pages

    Original Title

    kupdf.net_astm-d2290-12.pdf

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    199 views36 pages

    Astm d2290 12 PDF

    Uploaded by

    raja qammar

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 36
    ‘Copyrighted mater icensedto Gaus Aramco. No furhar reproduction or bution permite Printed / viewed by: (husasin drwish@scamco.com) @ 2019-1204 COPYRIGHT NOTICE & TERMS OF USE ‘This document is the copyright of the Publisher. All rights reserved. The contract allowing you to use this document contains the following terms of use which must be followed:- (@) You may view and print a single copy of a document contained in the Subscription for reference purposes only and only for internal purposes within the site on which such copies are made, providing such copies are dated and destroyed after the reference usage, typically no more than 60 working days after use, subject to the exception described in clause (b) below. Such copies may not be filed to form part of any hard copy reference collection. (b) Where you have a specification or tender requirement to reproduce a document or portions of a document as part ofits documentation for external submission in response to a tender, the necessary ages of the document, including the whole document if required, may be reproduced and submitted Provided @ copyright notice is included. You shall notify SAI Global of any such use. For internal and archival purposes only, a paper copy may be attached to your documentation and shall be considered a permanent part of that documentation. (©) Under no circumstances are you permitted to reproduce all or part of any document for external Use or for use in any other site or group of sites, except as set forth in (b) above. (@ You may not remove any proprietary markings or electronic watermarks, including any ‘copyrights and trademarks. (©) You may copy a maximum of 25% of the content of a document within the Subscription and paste it to another document for internal use. The copied content in the new document must contain ‘a copyright notice "Copyright [name of publisher] Date where date is the date of copyrighted material ‘Such content is licensed for use only for the duration of the relevant Subscription, () For ISO standards, the material is reproduced from ISO publications under International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Copyright License number SAI GLOBAL/MCEA/2008. Not for resale. No part of these ISO publications may be reproduced in any form, electronic retrieval system or otherwise, except as allowed under the copyright law in the country of use, or with the prior written consent of ISO (Case postale 6, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, email: copyright@iso.org) or ISO's Members. # SAI GLOBAL SAI GLOBAL, Index House, Ascot, Berks, SL5 7EU, UK ‘B. +44 (0) 1344 636300. Fax: +44 (0)1344 291194, E-mail: standards@saiglobal.com. wwwli.co.uk SAI GLOBAL, 610 Winters Avenue, Paramus, NJ 07652, USA ‘@ 201-986-1131. Fax: 201-986-7886. E-mail: sales@ili-info.com. wwwili-info.com SAI GLOBAL, 286 Sussex Street, Sydney NSW 2000, Australia ‘+61 2 8206 6060. Fax: +61 2 8208 6019, E-mail: sales@saiglobal.com, wawsaiglobal.com Copyiahted matil icons o Saws Aemee, No ther reproduction or detrbuton permit et cr soa ne ‘ ACSI S A MGSHT AMGEN ERT ORAS rnin tall aes te Sar sane I Designation: B2290—08 2290 Standard Test Method for Apparent-Hoop-Tensile Strength of Plastic or Reinforced I Plastic Pipe-by Split-Disk Method’ This tnd seed unr to fet igation 02250 the name mms flloning the designation ind te year of vigil gapton oi Ue eee of vison, de year fin evi. A nein prentze nes he en Teepe. Superscript) ndeates an er change see he ast olson of capa Ph suns aso pte for ra hy nc of the Deprimet of fone: I 1. Scope Scope 1.1. This test method covers the determination of the comparative apparent tensile strength of most plastic produets utilizing a I. split disk or ring segment test fixture, when tested under defined conditions of preteatment, temperature, humidity, and test machine speed. This test method is applicable to reinforeed-thermoseting resin pipe regardless of fabrication method. This test method also is applicable to extraded and molded thermoplastic pipe “A Procedure A is used for reinforced-thermosetingeesin pige; Procedure Bis used for thermoplastic pipe of any size; Procedure iif Tor thetnoplasOe pipe wiih nominal diameter of 44 i, 110 mum) and greats. Procedure D is used for polyethylene pipe wth a nominal diameter of 1 in. (380 mm) and greater and preferably having wall thickness | in, GS mm).and ‘reat 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard, The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided fr information only and are not considered standard +13 This standard does not purport to address all ofthe safety concerns, any, associated with ts us. It 18 the responsiblity of the user of this standard 10 establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior 10 we. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards? D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing 11599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines 2 Sipimaer octet ated 1 3:1Grhe For Procedures ADB, and C.the tat specimen is loaded through the suggested selfaligning spit disk test fixture (Fig 1) which applies tensile sess to the testing. An apparent tensile strength rate than a true tensile strength is obtained in this test because of a bending moment imposed during test at the split between the split dsk test fixture. This moment is induced by the change in contour of the ring between the two disk sections as they separate. The tet finture is designed to minimize the eet of this bending moment 3.2 For Procedure D, ring segment test specimen pairs are loaded into the suogested self-aligning test fixtures (Fig, 2) that ere designed to apply direct tensile stress to the reduced areas of the ring seament (est specimens (Fig. 3) with minimal bending moment, 4 Significance and Use [41 Split disk tension-and ring seament tensile tests, properly interpreted, provide reasonably accurate information with regard to the apparent tensile strenath of plastic pipe when employed under conditions approximating those uncer which the tests are made. “A Summary of Changs seston appears at the end ofthis standard Ceprg@ ASTM itera 100 Bar er Oe, FO Bau TED en Crate FA 198EO.2I6. te et ‘Copyrighted mate cence to Saud Aramco. No further repteduton ar dtrbaton permite Printed viewed by: (usssn dawieh@aramco com] @ 2013-12-08 lp 02200 - 12 FIG. 4 Tost Fixture: Typical 4.2 Fension-Ring tensile tests may provide data for research and development, engineering design, quality control, acceptance or rejection under specifications, and for special purposes. The test cannot be considered significant for applications differing ‘widely from the load-time scale of the standard test ‘Nore I—ProcedureC has been used on polyethylene end polybutylene pipe fo produce results equivalent to Quick Burst results (Test Method D199) for i, 10 8 lps, 5. Apparatus 5.1. Micrometers—Suitable botltype-ball anviltype micrometers, reading to at least 0.001 in., for measuring the width and thickness of the test specimens. 5.2 Testing Machine—A universal testing machine ofthe constant-ate-of-eross-head-movement type and comprising essentially the following: 5.2.1 Drive Mechanism—A drive mechanism for imparting to the crosshead 2 uniform controlled velocity with respect to the ‘base, this velocity to be regulated as specified in Section 9. 5.2.2 Load Indicator—A load-indicating mechanism capable of showing the total tensile load carried by the test specimen. This ‘mechanism shall be essentially fre from inertia lag atthe specified rate of testing and shall indicate the load with an accuracy of 61 % of the indicated value, The accuracy of the testing machine shall be verified in accordance with Method E4. 5.3 Procedue A, B. and C Test Fisture—The recommended test fixture Procedures A, B, and C is shown in Fig. 1. The width othe split isk, for Procedure A and P shall be atleast 0. in, grester than the width of the specimen, The width ofthe split Procedure C in. The supports for Folding the tension test ixtute shall be selaligning that s, they shall be attached to the fixed and movable member ofthe test machine, respectively, in such a manner that they move freely into alignment as soon as any load is applied, so that the direction of the applied pull is directly perpendicular to the split axis of the test fixture, 5.4 Procedure D Test Fixiure—A tension test fixture for Procedure D is illustrated in Fig, 2. The suppors for holding the tension test fixture shall be self-aligning thats, they shall be attached to the fixed and movable member ofthe test machine, respectively n_such a manner that they move fieely into alignment as soon as any load is applied, so thatthe direction of the applied pull is lirectly perpendicular to the split axis of the test fixture. Nom 2-tn Fig. 2, the 2.00 (50.8 mm) wide by 5.0. (127 mm) long openines ae suitable fr ring seament specimens tha a 1,6 8 in 40.6 1p 457 in) wide ad fom 004.5 (28.40 (143 mm) wal this For rng sepmen specimen wll hikes ereaer than 43 in (1.3 mm) ‘pening size may be adjusted appropriately. Opening size shoul allow 0.10 (23 rm) minimum wich leranes on ish sie. ond ot fast 0.50 (12.7 ‘on all hokness clearance, Rig seamen! st spee men securing pins 0,50 2.7 nn) diameter have heen aund sable, Teperng or roading the ‘id ofthe soouring ers pins facliates installation ino ts ing seaments specimens. See a, 2 and Fi, 3 5.5 Conaltioning Apparatus—Apparatus for maintaining the-stenderd-taboratory-atmoepheri-temperstte-of 23-6226 4734-6— :68F ane S0- She ten ty for conditioning prior to test, ar-defined-in-Procedure-ofin accordance Copyrighted metal ceased to Saus Aramco, No ‘utes reproduction of cetrbuton permite, Penta | vwod by: usean darvich@aramoa com] @ 201%-12-04 Ay 02290 - 12 |e 00 ——en| |e— 209- oe]. [+ s 00: | real | re —___-| eam el fo Fire dimension a fo ilustaon only, S28 Note 2 FIG. 2 Proceduro O Test Fixture 6. Test Specimen 6.1. Test specimen for Procedure A.shall be full-diameter,full-wall thickness rings cut from reinforced thermosetting resin pipe H_ by any suitable means. Specimens shall conform to Fig. 24. Specimens shall have 2 minimum overall width of 0.90 in, and a as Copyihted meters cence to Saud Aveo, Nother reprodution ar stbution permite Pintod/ viewed by: usssn éarvich@aremca.com) @ 2013-12-04 ly 02290 - 12 comet ee we] ewe ene 0.280 +1005 1» 0501 + 0005:0.000, Rose +e0.005 nin, «i tr Rhee dh Claris) 4a) Second reduced area Is optional. 1 FIG. 24 Reduced-Section Specimone for Procedure A” _inimumavih inahe reduced section(s) of 0.55 in The nyuber of re 180° apart, Reduced areas must be centered relative tothe sien width to within 62 Test specimens for Procedure B shall be full-diameter, full-thickness rings cut from thermoplastic pipe, by any suitable smeans, as shown in Fig. 35. The minimum width of the ting, IF per Fi. 35 shall be 0.50-in, The maximum width ofthe ring shal bbe 200-in, Reduced areas shall be machined as shown in Fig, 33 and shall be located atthe point of minimum wall thickness and a 180° thereto except when the test is used for specialized purposes (see Note 23). The reduced aeas ofthe specimen must be free of machining marks ané uniform in eross section. 3s shal ne oF 1p, Ivo, they must be located ‘03 ia ‘Nore 3—The reduced sections for the extuded or molded specimens can be loeated at any points onthe periphery ofthe specimen provided they are 180° spar, thats, even a the weld or “Ini line of the specimen Hf he eng of tess ares fs being investigated. Nott 4—Spovimen ring width 1, poe Fig, 35 muy be varied be«veen 0.50 in. and 2.00 in, For larger diameter pipes wis ercater wall thickness, specimen sabliy during testing is improved wien rng width i greater 63 Test specimens for Procedure C shall be cut normal to the pipe axis with parallel sides, The width of the specimen shall be nominally 1.75 in. 102.00 in, Two areas, one of which includes the minimum pipe wall thickness and the other 180 deg opposite, shall be wet sanded to remove cutting marks; care must be exercised to retain the rectangular eross-seetion of the prepared areas, GA Test samples for Procedure D shall be fll rings cut normal to the pipe axis with parallel sides. The width of ring samples shall Be nominally 2.00 6 0. in, (50.8 6 §.1 mm). One ring sample is used to produce ring sezment Specimens 1 and 2. 4 Copyihted mater oense to Sau Aramco, No ure rapraticton or tution permite, Printed! vewod by: [hussain dawish@acamoo com] @ 2013-12-06 fly v2280 - 12 —-| fos sath | 0.125 +1-0.005in, {|= | 0250+7-0.005in sLoT — R0.125 +4. 0.005 in FIG. a§ Reduced Section Specimen for Procedure 8 6.4.1 Ring sample wall thickness shall be measured, and the minimum wall thickness and the point 180 degrees opposite shall be located and marked. 6.4.2 Ring segment Specimens 1 and 2 shall be eut ftom the ring sample. Ring segment specimen cuts shall be made not less than 2.0 in (50 mm) above and below the minimum wall thickness point (Specimen 1) and the point 180 degrees opposite ‘Specimen 2). Ring sezment Specimens | and 2 shall be machined smooth on both sides to width W (1.70 6 0.10 in (43.2 6 2.5 ‘mm)) per Fis. 3. Care shall be taken to retain a rectangular cross seetion. After machining, Specimens | and 2 shall be conditioned per Practice DOI8 Procedure A at 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C) and SO 6 50 pereentwithout regard to relative humidity for not less than 24 b, 6.43 After conditioning per 6.4.2, reduced cross section areas shall be machined into rine segment Specimens | and 2, and two holes for cross pins shall be drilled parallel to and centered equidistant above and below the Specimen | and 2 reduced eross seotion areas. See Fig. 3. 6.5 Number of Test Specimens—The number of ring test speetmenssamples is optional; however, a minimum of five specimens issamples are needed to obtain a reliable average for-e-sample-test value. For quality control purposes, the sample quantity shall be one, and in cases of disagreement, five specimens-ting samples shall be tested and the average test value shall be recorded. 7. Conditioni 7.1. Conaltoning~Condition the Procedure A, B. and C test specimens at 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C) and 50 6 5 940 % relative humidity for not less than 24 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of MethodsPractice D618-forthose-estewhere Afler reparation per 6.4 through 6.4.3is-req s2eelateehemity-eondn Procedure D tet specinens at 72.4 6 36°F 23 6 2°C) without regard to relative humidity _ {for not less than 24 h in accordance dure A of Practice DGIS prior fo test specimen 7.2 Test Conditions Conduct Procedure A, B, and C tests in tho standard laboratory atmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C) and 50 6 54%10% relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test methods or in this specification. In-cases-of- Hoe ELBF-{GHC}-and-62- relative humidity Conduct Procedure B,C, and D tests in a laboratory atmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C) without regard to relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test methods or in this specification, 73 Specisl-In case of disagreement, special conditioning procedures may be used by agreement between cooperating laboratories 8))Speed of Testing Covwighled material Soensed to Sauti Aramco, No rer reproduction or esivton perme, Pred viawed by: hussain cervieh@arrnco cam) @ 2012-12-04 Aly p2290 - 12 9. Procedure 9.1. Procedure std 3 1: 9.1.1 Measure the minimum width and thickness of the reduced area(s) to the nearest 0.001 in., using a suitable micrometer 9.1.2 Mount the specimen on the lubricated periphery of the test fixture, with the reduced area(s) centered 2.0 6 0.2 in. away from the split in the disk, 9.1.3 Run the test at a constant speed between 0.1 and 0.5 ipatinJmin (2.5 and 12.7 mm) 9.1.4 Record the maximum load carried by the specimen during the test. 9.2 Procedure B: 9.2.1 Measure the width and thickness of the reduced sections to the nearest 0.001 in, using 2 ball-type micrometer or a dial indicator. Record the width and thickness of both cross-sectional ares. 9.2.2 Mount the test specimen on the split disk test fixture with the reduced sections at the split inthe fixture, Align the test specimen on the split disk specimen holder so that itis centered on the line joining the points of attachment of the fixture to the test machine. 9.2.3 Set the speed control at 0.50 in/imin and start the test machine. 9.24 Record the yield and ultimate loads carried by the specimen during the test. 93 Procedure C: 9.3.1 Measure the width and thickness of the prepared areas tothe nearest 0.001 in. using a ball anvil type micrometer. Record the width and thickness of both prepared cross-sectional areas. 93.2. Mount the test specimen on the outside of the spit disk fixture with the prepared and measured arvas located atthe split Jn the fixture. Align the test specimen on the test fixture so that it is centered on the line joining the points of attachment fo the test machine 93.3 Set the speed control at 0.50 inJ/min and start the machine, 9.34 Record the yield poiat and maximum load caztied by the specimen during the test. 9.3.5 Record the crosshead separation required to rupture the test specimen. 9.4 Procedure D: 9.4.1 To the nearest 0,001 in. (0.025 mm), measure the width and thickness ofthe reduced cross section areas using a ball anvil type micrometer, Record the width and thickness of Specimen | and Specimen 2 reduced eros section areas 9.4.2 Install Specimens 1 and ? into the Procedure D test fixture. See Fig. 2. Specimens shall be located equidistant to the test fixture pull centerline 9.4.3 Sef the speed control at 0.50 in/min and start the machine, 9.4.4 Record the yield point and maximum load carried by the specimens during the test Record the crosshead separation required to rupture the test specimen, 10. Caleutation 10.1 Calculate the apparent tensile strength (at yield or rupture, or both) of the specimen using the appropriate equation and report to three significant figures. 1 SPsidd, Procedure A! o bai 2 ~Procedue B.C, or Dt 2 5 fe 08 bid by apparent yield or ultimate tensile stress of the specimen, psi (or MP2), ‘maximum or breaking load, or both, Ibf (or N), minimum cross-sectional area of the two measurements, db, in, thickness at minimum area, in. thickness at reduced or test sections, in., width at minimum area, in. and width of reduced or test sections, in 10.2 For each series of tests, calculate the arithmetic mean of all values obtained to thee significant figures and report as the™ average value” for the particular property in question. 10.3 Calculate the standard deviation as follows and report to two significant figures: sy Get : 2. ‘Copyignted material Scenced to Saud Arc, No futher reptodcton er dstbuton permite Printed viewed by: usean éawish@aramco com] @ 2013-12-04 ly 02290 - 12 FIG. 48 Fnture for Preparation of Reduced-Section Ring Tensile Spocimens ‘Copyiantod mete Sconce to Saud Aveo, Nother reprodvson a atbuton permite Patod viewed by: Pusssn darvish@eramco.com) @ 2013-12-06 ly 02290 - 12 FIG. 67 Instrument for Moasuring Ring Tensile Specimens. ssf aa ® a Sr cumnaiaar onan x 2 Stewie ek ere i gee cette er asain I. Report L11 The report shall include the following: 11.1.1 Complete identification of the material tested, including type, source, manufacturer’s code number, forn dimensions, and previous history 11.12 Fabrication procedure, 11.13 Type specimen used, IILL4 Thickness and width of test cross-sectional area, 11.1.5 Conditioning, procedure used, 11.1.6 Atmospheric conditions in test room, I1LLT Number of specimens tested, 11.1.8 Rate of erosshead motion, 11.1.9 Apparent composite tensile suength of each specimen, and average calculated and reported fo thee significant figures, 11.1.10 Standard deviation (estimated) of the sample calculated and reported ro two significant figures, H1.1.11 Average resin content weight percent of specimens when applicable, and 1.1.12 Date of est principal 12, Precision and Bias 12.1 Procedures A, B_and C—Because of the nature of the materials and a lack of a wide data base on a variety of applicable composites, no definitive statement can be made at this time concerning precision and bias of this test method-methos, 12.2. Precision Procedure D?—-. Based on a laboratory round-robin conducted of 30-in and 20-in high density polyethylene pipe, the precision (one standard deviation) of the Procedure D method for high density polyethylene pipe is as follows: 12.2.1 Within-laboratory, 6 2% (repeatability) 122. Between-laboratory, 6 9% (reproducibility 2 Suoning dan tae ben fled at ASTM Inormona Headgares 2nd mayo died ly equetion eset Repo KALE. 1052, Conet ASTON Customer ‘Series nicest one ‘Copyrighted material icersed to Sau Aramco. No father eprodullon ot dstibution permite ted / viewed by: ussain.éawish@ormco.coml @ 2019-12-04 hy v2290- 12 12:3. Bias Procedure D—Data obtained using the Procedure D method are believed to be reliable, since accepted techniques of analysis are used. However, because no referee method is available, no bias statement can be made, 13, Keywords 15.1 apparent tensile strength; hoop tensile strength; plastic pipe; ring segment method; split-disk method SUMMARY OF CHANGES Committee F17 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (D2290-08) that may impact the use of this standard, ‘(Changed title and added Procedure D, “AS intomatona takes no positon espctng te vay of ay patel Nghe auto cnnecton wi yt manent in us sandr Usa Bic Strcars re oxroaly aces tal detarrinaton othe voy of ony mus patent hs and ee oF itingeen of sen ih re erly ha on responsi This andar ssc reson tay tne bye eset tena coke a must be vious eer fu yrs a teatro eer eapprovedewiharaun Your commande reine arr vison os etanard oo aeaona nara ‘nd shoud be adresse fo ASTM Iferitoral Headqvates. Your cormens wil receive crt consdeatan a2 mesg fe ‘espana erica conten wich you ay atl you Fel at your comments hve he ested 3a Resi you shut ‘make your ews incyn tno ASTM Commie a0 Stanad, ate acess sre Dow ‘he stands copyrighted by ASTI Intemssonel, 109 Bor Harter Dive, PO Sox C709, est Conahaocan, PA 19420286, United Stes. navel rpats (gle or mule copes) of Bis sandar may be obtained by cntalag ASTI tthe above atures or af 6108523885 (phone), 6108520585 (fax) or sendceehaim ry femal)” oF eu foe ASTM whale fanwnasinorg Permission ngs photocopy the stanca may aGo be secred hom Be AST Webs viniastn or! copraceTy, CCopyrihted matraliconsed to Sausi Aramco. No futher reproduction o dstbuton permite, Pate | iwod by: [Rustan dawsh@arsrca com) @ 2019-1204 COPYRIGHT NOTICE & TERMS OF USE This document is the copyright of the Publisher. All rights reserved, The contract allowing you to use this document contains the following terms of use which must be followed: (@)__ You may view and print a single copy of a document contained in the Subscription for reference purposes only and only for internal purposes within the site on which such copies are made, providing such copies are dated and destroyed after the reference usage, typically no more than 60 working days after use, subject to the exception described in clause (b) below. Such copies may not be filed to form part of any hard copy reference collection. (b) Where you have a specification or tender requirement to reproduce a document or portions of a document as part of its documentation for external submission in response to a tender, the necessary ages of the document, including the whole document if required, may be reproduced and submitted provided a copyright notice is included. You shall notify SAI Global of any such use. For internal and archival purposes only, a paper copy may be attached to your documentation and shall be considered a permanent part of that documentation. (©) Under no circumstances are you permitted to reproduce all or part of any document for external Use or for use in any other site or group of sites, except as set forth in (b) above, (@) You may not remove any proprietary markings or electronic watermarks, including any ‘copyrights and trademarks. (e) You may copy a maximum of 25% of the content of a document within the Subscription and paste it to another document for internal use. The copied content in the new document must contain ‘a copyright notice "Copyright iname of publisher] Date where date is the date of copyrighted material Such content is licensed for use only for the duration of the relevant Subscription. () For ISO standards, the material is reproduced from ISO publications under International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Copyright License number SAI GLOBALIMCEA/2008. Not for resale. No part of these ISO publications may be reproduced in any form, electronic retrieval system or otherwise, except as allowed under the copyright law in the country of use, or with the prior written consent of ISO (Case postale 56, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, email: copyright@iso.org) or ISO's Members. ® SAI GLOBAL SAI GLOBAL, Index House, Ascot, Berks, SL5 7EU, UK +44 (0)1344 636300. Fax: +44 (0)1344 291194. E-mail: standards@saiglobal.com. wwnwall.co.uk SAI GLOBAL, 610 Winters Avenue, Paramus, NJ 07652, USA ‘ 201-986-1131, Fax; 201-986-7886. E-mail: sales@ili-info.com. www.il-info.com SAI GLOBAL, 286 Sussex Street, Sydney NSW 2000, Australia ‘B: +61 2 8206 6060. Fax: +61 2 8206 6019. E-mail: sales@saiglobal.com. www-saiglobal.com oprah nate onset Sous Aa, Na ute ert o tion parte. SSE NSS icre SELON ena Na ren ois Designation:D636-08-Designation: D638 ~ 10 1 Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics’ “This sad fase der the ted design DAN: te ruber iseely flowing he dseatin indies te yer of nl caption orn cs fen or fe vera. Are pis as Bey age Spenein eo tases a eto chnge sae te tree or ego. “smn has eo pred for a nif the Dermat of Defi, 1. Seope* 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tensile properties of unreinforced and reinforced plastics in the form of standard dumbbell-shaped test specimens when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, femperature, humidity, and testing machine speed. 1.2 This test method can be usel for testing materials of any thickness up to 14 mm (0.55 in.). However, for testing specimens in the form of thin sheeting, including film less than 1,0 ram (0.04 in) in thickness, Test Methods D882 is the preferred test method, ‘Materials with a thickness greater than 14 mm (0.55 in.) must be reduced by machining, 1.3 This test method includes the option of determining Poisson's ratio at room temperature, [Nom } This test method and [SO 527-1 ae tehically equivalent [Non 2—Mhis tex meio is no iaended o over precise physic procedures. I eecognted thatthe constant ae of eroshead! movernent typeof ‘ext leaves much to be desiced from theorstial siandoin, that wide diferences may exist between rate of crosshead movement and rate ot stain between gage marks. onthe specimen, and thot te testing speeds specified disguise important eet characteristic of materials in he pasties, Further, itis realized tha variations inthe thicknesses f test specimens, which are permite by these procedares, produce valations inthe sufacevolume ras of such specimens, and that these vations may influence the test results. Hence, whete dictly comparable sls are desired, ll samples should be of equal iicknese. Speci adiinal tet should be used where more peice physical dat are need Note 3—This est method may be used for esting phenolic molded resin o laminated materials. However, whare hese insulation, such materials shoul be lsted in seconde with Test Methads D229 and Tet Method DGS. ‘None t—For tne properties of rexisatix composites enforced with rented continous or disconineous high modulus >20-GPa (>3.0% 10 ‘psi bers, tests stall be made in accordance with Tet Method D2039/D3035M 1.4 ‘Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design, 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 16 This standard does uot purport to address all ofthe safety concems, if any, associated with is use. It isthe responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitacions prior to use vals reused 3 lesa 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards? D229 Test Methods for Rigid Sheet and Plate Materials Used for Electrical Insulation D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersTension D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing D651 Method of Test for Tensile Strength of Molded Electrical I D882. Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting D883. Terminology Relating to Plastics 1822 Test Method for Tensile-Impact Energy to Break Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials 1D3039/D3039M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials D066 Classification System for Nylon Injection and Extrusion Materials (PA) S947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid Plasties Specimens Ed Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines lating Material “Te mo ne stn of AST Commie 20 oP ae dnt psy fect D010 on Neil Pipi. arenaiieappned ip 38-day 20 Ocal appen nabs -torpenecater syne nab He DOF ONSSIOREE HR Do Siretisr oferty ann is he a os span a La ean gaara ss teat ot some 1 $ermeee Art sande te AST nes swat comet ATTA Cota Sone radon Foal Bt PAT Sa scien lors rere end Dosme Sanyo nh AST nb Winans peated ens of Be Sti sana fenced om ewe op A Summa epigh © AST nin, 10 mor Ds, PO Bac OE, Coban, PADRE, Ud Ses 1 of Changes setion appoars atthe end of thls standard Copyrighted mates eens fo Saudi Aramco, No further renrduston ar dabution permite, Pntad/viewod by: Puseain darwiah@aromoa com) @ 2019-12.04 Ay vee -10 [E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer Systems E132 Test Method for Poisson's Ratio at Room Temperature [E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method 2.2 1S Standard:* 180 527-1 Determination of Tensile Properties 3, Terminology 3.1. Definicions—Definitions of terms applying t this test method appear in Terminology D883 and Annex A2, 4, Significance and Use 4.1. This test method is designed to produce tensile property data for the control and specification of plastic materials. These data are also useful for qualitative characterization and for research and development. For many materials, there may be a specification that requires the use of this test method, but with some procedural modifications that take precedence when adhering to the specification, Therefore, itis advisable to refer to that material specification before using this test method. Table 1 in Classification 1D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist. 4.2 ‘Tensile properties may vary with specimen preparation and with speed and environment of testing, Consequently, where precise comparative results are desired, these factors must be carefully controled. 42.1 Its realized that a material cannot be tested without also testing the method of preparation ofthat material. Hence, when ‘comparative tests of materials per se are desired, the greatest care must be exercised to ensufe that all samples are prepared in exactly the same way, unless the testis to include the effects of sample preparation. Similarly, for referee purposes or comparisons within any given series of specimens, care must be taken to secure the maximum degree of uniformity in details of preparation, treatment, and handling. 43 Tensile properties may provide useful data for plastics engineering design purposes. However, because of the high degree of sensitivity exhibited by many plastics to rate of straining and environmental conditions, data obtained by this test method cannot be considered valid for applications involving Ioad-time scales or environments widely different from those of this test method In cases of such dissimilarity, no reliable estimation of the limit of usefulness can be made for most plastics. This sensitivity to rate of straining and environment necessitates testing over a broad load-time scale (Including impact and creep) and range of environmental conditions if tensile properties are to sufice for engineering design purposes, Nore 5—Since the existence ofa tue elastic Limit in plastics (asin many other organic materials and in many metas is debetable, the proprity of applying the term “sastie modus” ints quowed, generally accepted definition w describe the "stihess” or “igi” ofa plastic has been seicusly ‘questioned, The exact sressstain characteristics of plastic materials are highly dependent on such factors as ate of aplication of stress, temperature, Brevious history of specimen, etc. However, stess-sinin enrves for plastics, determined as desribed in this tet metho, almost always show a linear Feglon at low steses, and a sah tne draw eangent this portion othe curve peas calelation ofan elastic modus ofthe usally defines yp. Such a constants useil i its abitary nature and dependence on time, temperature, and similar actors are realized 5. Apparatus S.L Testing Mackine—A testing machine of the constant-rate-of-crosshead-movement type and comprising essentially the following: S.L.1 Fived Member—A fixed or essentially stationary member carrying one grip. 5.1.2 Movable Meniber—A movable member carrying a second grip. 5.13 Grips~Grips for holding the test specimen between the fixed member and the movable member of the testing machine can be either the fixed or solf-aligning type. 5.1.3.1 Fixed grips are rigidly attached tothe fixed and movable members of the testing machine. When this type of grip is used extreme care should be taken to ensure thatthe test specimen is inserted and clamped so that the long axis of the test specimen coincides with the direction of pull through the center line of the grip assembly. 5.1.32 Self-aligning grips are attached to the fixed and movable members of the testing machine in sucl a manner that they will move freely into alignment as soon as any load is applied so that the long axis of the test specimen will coincide with the rpessne inp ts fnimn hewge Se ibe yee ao lope 23s wes tauazabt lipPe 20 amon! 2180 pss IS lore = 2) wd BM ade OND lore 2) 834 ose ats Ube 20 aa ‘TABLE 10 Tenelie Break Elongation, for Nine Laboratories, Six Materials Tae Vaias Expressed n Peco Ua etoral speed 7 inna Average 6) *B a ie aes mse ire oS mk2tmag B07 lore = m2? 4S B18 tbee = mth? awa ues = 2g Bs?) a SI 13.1.1 Tables 5-10 are based on a round-robin test conducted by the polyolefin subcommittee in 1988, involving eight polyethylene materials tested in ten laboratories. For each material, all samples were molded at one source, but the individual specimens were prepared at the laboratories that tested them. Fach test result was the average of five individual determinations. Each laboratory obtained three test results for each material. Data from some laboratories could not be used for various reasons, and this is noted in each table, 13.12 Table 11 is based on a repeatability study involving a single laboratory. The two materials used were unfilled polypropylene types. Measurements were performed by a single technician on a single day. Each test result is an individual ‘determination. Testing was run using two Type B-I extensometers for transverse and axial measurements at a test speed of 5 movavi * Supponing dca er avi from ASTM Heedguartus Regs! RRID2-115 forth 1984 oud ob aed RRDDO1N70 er he 1988 owed ai TABLE 6 Tensile Stress at Veld, 10% ps, for Elght Laboratories, Three Materials a Bascrione ‘m0 Onaa O46) 00 Oase CCahdose cette bunyare «S01 Oss Ozer Ose Bee eve saa’ coer 0917 0100 _ ane? Covytistted material Senseo Saud zameo, No ther rexoduckon or trio permite Pinto! viewed by: (hussain davish@ramco com] @ 2013-12-06 fly ve38- 10 TABLE 7 Elongation at Viok %s, for Eight Laboratorioe, Throe Materials Mean So a Gao aatate bua —~«S OTe 75 Some 489021 bss 089156 Poiprepyen am 0% 56 tzr_ 15 ‘TABLE 11 Poisson's Ratio Repeatability Data for One Laboratory ‘and Two Polypropylene Materials eee ‘eis Ena as Ba Fao Pe Lena Squares aon ose PP #2 Ghee 009 oes Pr re tase Squares avio ce 13.1.3 In Tables 2-11, for the materials indicated, ind for test results that derived from testing five specimens: 13.13.1 5, is the within-laboratory standard deviation of the average; J, =2.83 S,. (See 13.1.3: for application of /,) 13.132 Sp is the between-laboratory standard deviation of the average’ Ig = 2.83 Sp. (See 13.1:34 for application of Ip.) 13.133 Repeatability—in comparing two test results for the same material, obtained by the same operator using the same equipment on the same day, those test results should be judged not equivalent if they differ by more than the /, value for that ‘material and conditio 13.134 Repraducibiligr—In comparing two test results for the same material, obtained by different operators using different equipment on different days, those test results should be judged not equivalent if chey differ by more than the Jy value for that ‘material and condition. (This applies between different Inborstories or between different equipment within the same laboratory.) 13.1.3.5 Any judgment in accordance with 13.1.3.3 and 13.1.3.4 will have an approximate 95 % (0.95) probability of being 13.1.36 Other formulations may give somewhat different results 13.137 For further information on the methodology used in this section, see Practice E691. 1313.8 The precision of this test method is very dependent upon the uniformity of specimen preparation, standard practices for which are covered in other documents. 13.2 Bias—There are no recognized standards on which to base an estimate of bias for this test method. 1. Keywords 14.1 modulus of elasticity: percent elongation; plastics; tensile properties: tensile strength ANNEXES (Mandatory Information) Al. TOE COMPENSATION Al.1 In a typical stress-srain curve (Fig. Al.1) there is a toe region, AC, that does not represent a property of the material I isan artifact caused by a takeup of slack and alignment or seating of the specimen. In order to obtain correct values of such parameters as modulus, strain, and offset yield point, this zntifact must be compensated for to give the comected zero point on the strain of extension axis, AL2 In the case of a material exhibiting a region of Hookean (linear) behavior (Fig. Al.1), a continuation of the near (CD) region of the curve is constructed through the zero-stress axis, This intersection (B) is the corrected zero-steain point from which all extensions or strains must be measured, including the yield offset (BE), if applicable. The elastic modulus can be determined by dividing the stress at any point along the line CD (or its extension) by the sirain atthe same point (measured from Point B, efined as zero-strain). AL3_ In the case of a material that does not exhibit any linear reaion (Fig. A1.2), the same kind of toe correction of the zero-strain point can be made by constructing @ tangent to the maximum slope atthe inflection point (H). Ths is extended to intersect the stain axis at Point B’, the corrected zero-strin point. Using Point B’ as zero strain, the stress at any point (G') on the curve can be divided by the strain at that point co obtain a secant modulus (slope of Line 8’ G’). For those materials with no linear egion, any attempt to use the tangent through the inflection point as a basis for determination of an offset yield point may result in unacceptable error. Copyrighted mate lcensed to Saud Ararnco, No uth rao a stibton permed, Prine iewod by: sean darwih@aramoa con) @ 2013-12-04 ily De38-10 Nowe 1—Some chart recondrs plot she avittor image ofthis graph FIG. A1.1 Material with Hookean Region Noms 1-Some chat reotders plot she minor image of this graph FIG. Al.2 torial with No Hookoan Region A2. DEFINITIONS OF TERMS AND SYMBOLS RELATING TO TENSION TESTING OF PLASTICS 2.1. elastic limit—the greatest stress which a material is capable of sustaining without an complete release of the stress. It is expressed in force per unit area, usually megapascals (pounds-force per square inch), Nom A2.{-—Measured vues of proportional init and elastic limit vary greatly with te sensivityand accuracy ofthe esting equipment, ecceicity the sale 10 whieh the sresestain diagram is ploted, and other factors. Consequently, those values are usually repleced by yield sengh A2.2_elongation—the increase in length produced in the gage length of the test specimen by a tensile load. Ic is expressed in units of fength, usually millimetres (inches). (Also known as exvension.) [Nowe A2.2—Elongation and strain values ar valid only in esses where wiformiy of specimen behavior within the gaze length is present, nthe ease of materials exhtng necking phenomena, sch values ate ony of guaative wit after aalamentof yield poi. This due to inability fo ensure thot necking will encompass the ent: length between the gage marks pir to speci en flare. B permanent stra Copyrighted metal Seansed to Saud Aramco, No futher reproduction dst permite, Prnted viewed by: [hussain darwish@aamco.coml @ 2019+12.08 Aly 0638 - 10 of the specimen over which strain or change in length is determined A23- gage length—the original length of that port A24 modulus of elasticig—the ratio of stress (nominal) to corresponding strain below the proportional limit of a material. Tt is expressed in force per unit area, usually megapascals (pounds-force per square inch). (Also known as elaste madilus of Young's modulus). Nowe A2.3—The sess-sitan eons of many plates do not conform to Hooke’s law throughout the elastic range but deviate therefiom even at stresses well below dhe elastic init Pr seh mveials the slope ofthe tangent othe stress-strain curve at aw sues is uselly taken asthe modulus of elasticity, Since the existence ofa trae proportional iit in plastics is dsbatable, the propriety of applying the tenn “medals of easy” o describe ‘ho snes or rigidity fa plastic has Been seriously questioned. The exact stress-strain etareteritis of plastic maternal are very dependent on such factors rate of sessing, temperature, previous specimen history, te. However, such a vale fe useful 4s arity nate and dependence an ine, temperature, and other fects ae relied. A25_ necking—the localized reduction in eross section which may occur in a material under tensile stess. A26_ offset yield strengtl—the stress at which the strain exceeds by a specified amount (the offset) an extension of the initial proportional portion of the stress-strain curve. [tis expressed in force per unit area, usually megapascals (pounds-force per square inch), [Nove A2.4—This measurement I useful fer mates whose sss-sain curve ia the ylld range is of gradual cuvatre, The offet yield strength can be derived from a sress-tain curve as follows Fig. AZ) ‘On the suai axis ay of OM equal tothe spaced ost Dray OA tangent othe fia srsight-line ponion of the stress-strain euve “Through Af draw a ine MN paralll co OA tnd nea the intersection of MN with theses stein curve. ‘Tho rss atte pint of imorsectn +i he “ost yield strong” The spaced valve of the offect must be stated asa percent ofthe orignal gage Tong in conjuction withthe strength value. Example: 0.1% offe yield stength =.» MPa (por yield strength 30.1% offset. MPa (si A2.7 percent elongation—the elongation of a test specimen expressed as a percent of the gage length, A28. percent elongation at break and yield: A28.1 percent elongation at break—the percent elongation at the moment of rupture of the test specimen. A2.8.2 percent elongation at yield—the percent elongation at the moment the yield point (A222) is attained in the test specimen. 29. percent reduction of area (nominal)—the difference betwen the original cross-sectional area measured at che point of rupture after breaking and after all retraction has ceased, expressed as a percent of the original area A210. percent reduction of area (true)—the difference between the original cross-sectional area ofthe test specimen and the tinimum cross-sectional area within the gage boundaries prevailing t the moment of rupture, expressed as a percentage of the ‘original area. A2.I1 Poisson's Ratio—The absolute value of the ratio of transverse strain to the corresponding axial strain resulting from uniformly distributed axial stess below the proportional limit of the material A212 proportional limit—the greatest stress which a material is capable of sustaining without any deviation from proportionality of stress to strain (Hooke’s law). It is expressed in force per unit area, usually megapascals (pounds-foree per square inch). Stress // OM? Specifies Offset Stroin FIG. A2.1 Offset Veld Strength 4 Copyrighted msec icensed fo Saudi Aramco, No fer reproduction otstrbution permite, Pred | viewed by: fusean darvish@aremco com] @ 2079-12-04 ly Des8-10 A213 rate of loadinng—the change in tensile load carried by the specimen per unit time. It is expressed in force per unit time, usually newtons (pounds-force) per minute. The initial rate of loading can be calculated from the initial slope of the load versus time diagram, A2.14 rate of straining—the change in tensile strain per unit ime. It is expressed either as strain per unit time, usually metres per metre (inches per inch) per minute, or percent elongation per unit time, usually percent efongation per minute. The initial rate of straining can be calculated from the initial slope of the tensile strain versus time diagram. Nom A25~The iil rat of sining i synonymous with the rate of crosshead movement divided by the inal distance between erssheads only ina machine with constant rae of eossbead moverent and when the specimen has a uiform orginel cross section, des net “neck dove,” and dacs ‘01 sip i the jaws, A215 rate of stressing (nominal)—the change in tensile stress (nominal) per unit time. It is expressed in force per unit area pet unit time, usually megapascals (pounds-force per square inch) per minute, The initial rate of stressing can be caleulated from the initial slope of the teasile stess (nominal) versus time diagram, Nowe A2.6—Tho inal rte of sessing as determined inthis manner has only limited physical significance. It does, howeve, roughly describe the average rte at which the initial sess (nominal erred by the test specimen is applied. Ite afeted by the elcty and ow characteris ofthe materials being texed. AC the yield point, de rae of suesing (ve) may eoatiaue 1 have a pesive value ifthe cross-sectional area is decreasing. A216 secant modulus—te ratio of stess (nominal) to corresponding strain at any specified point on the stress-strain curve Ikis expressed in force per unit area, usually megnpascals (pounds-foree per square inch), and reported together with the specified [Nore A2.?—This messuroment is usually employed in place of modulus of elasticity inthe case of materials whose ses.strain diagram does not ‘demonstte proportionality of sites co sain, A2.17sirain—the ratio of the elongation to the gage length ofthe test specimen, thats, the change in length per unit of original Tength, It is expressed as a dimensionless ratio, A2.I7.1 nominal strain at break—the strain at the moment of rupture relative to the original grip separation, A218 tensile strength (nominal) —the maximum tensile sress (nominal sustained by the specimen during a tension test. When the maximum stress occurs atthe yield point (A2.22), it shall be designated tensile strength at yield. When the maximum stress ‘occurs at break, it shall be designated tensile strength at break, A2.19 tensile sness (nominal)—the tensile load per unit area of minimum original cross section, within the gage boundries, carried by the test specimen at any given moment, It is expressed in force per unit area, usually megapascals (pounds-force per square inch), Nowe. A2.8—The expression of tensile properties interns ofthe minimum signal cross seton Is almost uiversaly wed in procte. tn the ease of smatrals exhibiting high extensibility o necking, or Bath (A2.16), nominal suas esleulaons may not be meaningful beyond the yield point (A2.22) fo othe extensive reduction in cost setional sea tht ensues. Under tome circumstances it may’ e desirable to expess te eile properties pr unit of sinimom prevailing eros section. These properties ae called te tensile propetes (at ite tensile ses, ee) A220 tensile siress-strain curve—a diagram in which values of tensile stress are plotied as ordinates against corresponding values of tensile strain as abscissas, A221 true strain (see Fig. A2.2) is defined by the following equation for ey: r= faves mun, van er GL" increment of elongation when the dtm Dewees he gage mai = agin doe fees pds mao EE Gane boweengnpe mate a my te A2.22_yleld point—the frst point on the stress-srain curve at which an increase in strain occurs without an inerease in stress (ig. A23), ay Vy FIG. A22Illusttation of True Strain Equation ‘Copyrighted mat oenee to Saud Aramco, No further raroducton ar atbation permite, Printed | vowed by: [ssa dawish@aramco con} @ 2013-12-08 Aly 638-10 Nowe AZ9—Only materials whose suessstin curves exhibit «point of zero slope may be considered as having a ye point Nowe AZ10—Some materials exhibits astnt “break” cr discontnulty in the secsstisin curve fn the elastic region. This bre is no yet pom by deficition. However, this point may prove useful for material chactsizaton in some cass. A223 yield strengoh—the stress at which a material exhibits a specified limiting deviation from the proportionality of stress to strain, Unless otherwise specified, this stress will be the stress at the yield point and when expressed in relation to the tensile strength shal be designated cither tensile strength at yield or tensile stress at yield as requited in A2.18 (Fig. A2.3). (See affiet yield strength.) SRL RS eS o- Seer gee pmo RENE! FIG. A29 Tensile Designations A224 Symbols—The following symbols may be used forthe above terms: Copyrighted material icarsed to Sous Aramco. No further reproduction or distribution permed Peete | vwed by: fussae dareh@sromen con) @ 2015-1204 iy Des8—10 ‘syroat tem w Load aw therm oad t ‘lstarce betes gage mais a any tne te (gia! setance btseen gage ares 5 Distaneobotroen gage male st mamon of rupkro a Ingen of dae btwn ie ras organ A Dial ras seston aes a Treromat of rose spool aca A Generel hl pt neti ess aes a Cost ecoel aoa pot frp, measured a tho ‘remanent 2 Internet of ess . Tenet song at ak rorinah our Tenatosengh at beak (ve) A Seain % ‘oe, a break ae Percentage elongation YP. ‘ets pt € Modus easton A2.25 Relations between these various terms may be defined as follows: o oa % WiAduree Ws alg tnd) od Wrasere Wis behing ed) Maes ly os wan Taut = mut,

    You might also like