t

il".a Y;
I z

I Twc expenrnental set-ups used to demonstrate diffusion of gases are shown in 3 Which of the following is not an example of physical separation?
the diagrams below. The gases in each porous pot are nitrogen and oxygen. ln
A crystallization
the first experiment, the gas introduced into the beakerl carbon dioxide while
in B

n
decomposition
the second experiment, it is hydrogen.
C evaporation

io
D filtration

co2 *> *>

t
1i2

? P .& 4 A sample of 0.10 mol of a metal X (A. = 27) was bumed in oxygen. The resulting

a
oxide had a mass of 5.1 g.
beaker beaker
How many moles of oxygen have combined with 0.1 0 mol of metal X?

c
porous
pot pot
A 0.10

u
Exptl E:ptz B 0.15
What changes, if any, to the water levels p and e would you expect to see in both c 1.5

d
experiments? D 2.7
experiment 1 experiment 2

E
A and Q remain the sanre 5 Hydrogen chloride is very soluble in water whereas chlorine is only slighfly sotuble
P and Q remain the same
B P and Q remain the same in water. Both gases can be dried using concentrated sulfuric acid.
Q is higher than P
c P is higher than e Which diagram represents the correct method of obtaininq dry chlorine?

l
Q is higher than P
D Q is higher than P Q is higher than P

a
C)

Damp Cl2 Damp Cl"

y
and HCI
2 The table gives the atomic structures of four particles. and HCI

n
oart
w x Y z Concentrated
protons Concentrated

a
17 17 20 20 sulphuric acid sulphuric acid
neutrons 20 18 20 21
electrons 17 18 Li. l-)
18 20

D
Damp Cl" Oamp Cl?
Which particles are present together in the same ionic solid? and HCI and HCI
A WandX
B WandY
C XandYl Concentrated Concentrated
sulphuric acid sulphuric acid
D X andZX

4E Chemistry P't Preliminary Exam 20.10 4E Chemistry P1 Preliminary Exam 2010

Hua Yi Secondary School Hua Yi Secondary School
 4
3

o The diagram below shows the bonding between P and Q in the covalent
6 Thepercentage of oxyge,r in the air is found using the apparatus shown. The air
molecule, PQz.
is passed over the heated copper wire until there is_no furtherdecrease in volume.

n
Gas syringe Copper wire Gas sYrinEe

t
Heat

a t io
c
Which precaution should be taken before the initial volume of air and final volume What are the electronic structures of atoms P and Q before combining
of gases remaining in the apparatus are measured? together to form the above molecule?

A
B
C
all the copper should have reacted
both syringes should contain the same volume of air at the start

du A
B
P
2.4
2.4
o
2.8.6
2.8.7

E
the measurements should all be at the same temperature
D the tube containing the copper should be removed c 2.6 2.8.7
D 2.8 2.8.8

l
7 The electronic structure of a compound formed between an element X and
chlorine is shown below (only valence electrons are shown).

a
I Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid are common acids used in the
laboratory. Which one of the following statements about the reactions of dilute

y
X
hydrochloric acid, dilute nitric acid and dilute sulfuric acid is correct for all three
CI CI

n
acids?

a
Aluminium ion combines with X to form a substance. What is the chemical formula A they react with copper to give hydrogen
of the substance? B they react with zinc hydroxide to give hydrogen
A AIX c

D
they react with aqueous sodium carbonate to give carbon dioxide
B AlX2 D they react with silver nitrate to give a white precipitate
c Al2x3
D Al3X2

4E Chemistry P1 Preliminary Exam 2010 Hua Yi Secondary Schocl

4E Chemistry P1 Preliminary Exam 20'10 Hua Yi Secondary School

a
 5 6

10 3.1 g of a hydrated sodium carbonate,rNa2Co3. xH2O react completely

, with 2S.O 13 Which of the following changes is not a redox reaction?
cm3 ot 2.0 tv1 nitric acid. What is the ,ralue of x?

A Fe2(SOo)"+ H5S ) 2FeSOa+S +HzSOq

n
A B 2Al + 3H2SO4 ) Al2(SO4h + 3H2

io
B 2 C Ca(OH), +COz ) CaCO3 + H2O
c 4 D 2t(l{HKAlOg:t:Oe

t
D 10

14 When magnesium ribbon is added to dilute hydrochloric acid, the reaction is seen

a
11 The formulae of some oxides are shown below. to be noticeably faster after 6 seconds than after 3 seconds. What.could explain
Na2O MgO SO2

c
Al2O3 CO this observation?
Which one of the following in the table gives the correct number of each type
of

u
oxide? A heat is produced in the reaction
number of each type of oxide B hydrogen ions catalysed the reaction\

d
acidic amphoteric basic C the concentration of the acid has increased during the reaction X
A 1 1 2 D the size of the magnesium is smaller at 6 seconds than at 3 seconds

E
B 2 0 3
C 2 1 2
D 15 ln an experiment, 6 moles of lead(ll) ions (Pb2-) were discharged in the

l
1 1 3
electrolysis of molten lead(ll) bromide. Which amount of metal would be

a
discharged by the same amount of electricity in the following experiments?
12 The results of three halogen displacement experiments are shown.

y
The table shows the results. A 12 moles of copper(ll) ions (Cu2t) in the electrolysis of aqueous copper(ll)

experiment halogen sulfate

n
halide solution
added x' B 4 moles of aluminium ions (A13.) in the'electrolysis of molten aluminium
Z.
oxide

a
1 x2 Y2 displaced 22 displaced
2 Y2 no reaction no reaction
c 12 moles of calcium ions (Ca2.) in the electrolysis of molten calcium

J 22 no reaction chloride
Y2 displaced

D
What are andz? D 6 moles of sodium (Na-) in the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride

x Y z
A Br CI I

B Br I CI
c CI Br I

D CI I Br

4E Chemistry p1 preliminary Exam 2010 4E Chemistry P'l Pretiminary Exam 2010

Hua Yi Secondary Schml Hua V Secondary School
 8

16 An acid H,A reacts exothermically with an alkali M(OH)y. A series of experiments 18 When sulfur dioxide is,bulrbled into aqueous bromine the r'ed-brown colour fades.

were performed in which varying volumes of 1 mol/dm3 H,A and 1 mol/dm3 Whit is sulfur dioxide acting as in this case?

n
I\/(OH), are used with the total volume of solution kept constant. The observed
temperature rise was plotted against the percentage by volume of H,A. The A acid

io
results were shown below. B dehydrating agent
c oxidizing agent

t
D reducing agent

a
Temperafure
rise fC)

c
19 The diagram shows an energy profile diagram for a chemical reaction. Which
energy change is the activation energy for the catalysed reaction?

u
020406080 100

d
A
What is the ratio of x:y?
B
A 1:1
sneqy o

E
B 2:1
c 2:3
c
D 3:2

17 The graph shows the solubility curves for salts G and H.

a l
y
20 When solid potassium iodide is added to water, the temperature of the liquid falls.
What conclusion can be drawn from this observation?

n
Sot biity
(0/1009 of
Ete.) A all ionic solids dissolve with a temperature decrease

a
B AH is negative
Td.peratue CC)
t
c potassium iodide splits into ions in water

D
Which of the following statements about the separations of salts G and H from D this process is endothermic
their aqueous solutions is correct?

A both salts are best recovered by crystallisation

B both salts are recovered by cooling to t temperature
c salt of H by crystallisation and G by evaporation
D salt of G by crystallisation and H by evaporation

4E Chemistry Pl Preliminary Exam 2010 4E Chemistry P1 Preliminary Exam 2010 Hua Yi Secondary School
Hua Yi Secondary Sc*ool
 I 10

21 2C2H2(g) +.5O2 (9) ) 4CO, (g) + ZHzO (9) AH -2610 23 ln which of the following cases would reaction of the iron nail be most rapid?
= kJ
Given the information above, what is the amount of heat
energy evolved when
c
13 g of ethyne (C2H2) is burnt in air?

A
B
652.5 kJ
1 305 kJ

io n
t
C 2610 kJ
D l.on nail
5220 kJ

a
TAP

c
NaCl $luton
'22 a D
Which of the following concerning an electrolytic cell and a
chemical cell is not

u
correct?

d
.-
etectrotytic cett chemical cell
A electrical energy is used to cause reactions CAUSC

E
I redox reactions to occur redox reactions to occur
B oxidation occurs at the negative oxidation occurs at the positive
electrode terminal

l
NaCl sdution

c a forced reaction a spontaneous reaction 24 The diagram below shows some reactions of a compound X. What could X be?

a
D electrodes used may be inert or normally two pieces of different
active metals are used as electrodes Compound X

y
Excess HNO3 (aq)

n
Gas Colourless
+

a
NaOH(aq)

D
Whit€ precipitate, solubte
in excess NaOH

A aluminium sulfate
B calcium carbonate
C calcium sulfate
D zinc carbonate

4E Chemistry p1 preliminary Exam 2010 4E Chemistry P1 Preliminary Exam 2Ol0

Hua Yi Secondary School Hua Yi Secondary School
 II lz

27 One way in which the corrosion of uhdeirground steel tanks can by prevented by
25 Copper (ll) oxide catalyses the decomposition of aqueous hydrogen peroxide to substance A is as shown.

n
give oxygen and water. ln a laboratory eiperiment, aqueous hldrogen peroxide
Surfalco
was shaken with copoer (ll) oxide in a test tube. What did the test tube mntain

o
when the reaction was complete?

ti
A a black solid and colourless liquid Substance A
B a blue liquid onlyX

a
Which element is most suitable for use as the substance A?
c a light blue solid and a colourless liquid

c
D a pink brown solid and a colourless liquid
A carbon
B magnesium

u
C tin
D

d
zinc
26 Below are the overall equations for the manufacture of three fertilizers (bolded).
Reaction 1: HzSO+ + NH3 ) (NH4)rSO4
28 An iron nail wrapped in a thin strip of zinc was set in a gel containing a few drops

E
Reaction 2: 2H2SOa + Ca3(PO4)2 -> Ca(HrPOa)2 + 2CaSOr
of phenolphthalein indicator, as shown in the diagram. lt was observed that the
Reaction 3: 3HzSOr + Ca3(PO4)2 + 6NHr) 2(NHa)3pOr +3CaSOa
gel near the zinc strip turned pink. Which of the following metals would give a
The relative molecular mass, M, of sulfuric acid and each of the fertilizer is shown

l
similar observation?
in the table.

a
H2504 (NH4)25O4 Ca{HzPOr)z (NH4)3PO4 tron nail

t\,4, 9B 132 149

y
Perri dish Metal trip

ln each reaction, 98 tonnes of sulfuric acid was used. Which reaction gave the Gel + phsolphthalein

n
greatest and which the least mass of fertilizer?
A copper and magnesium

a
greatest mass least mass
B lead and copper
A 1

B
c magnesium and aluminium
2

D
D magnesium, lead and aluminium
c 2 1

D 3

4E Chemistry P1 Preliminary Exam 20'10 Hua Yi Secondary Sch@l

4E Chemisky P1 Preliminary Exam 2010 Hua Yi Seondary School
 l3 t4

29 ln the graph berow, curve x was obtained by the reaction

between 100 cm3 of 31 Nickel (ll) hydroxide reacts with dirute surfuric acid according to the foilowing
1 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid and excess zinc granules equation:
N|(OH), + HzSOa ) NiSO4 + H2O

n
Curve Y
Volume Curve X which of the following procedures would be used in order to obtain a pure sampre
of the nickel (ll) sulfate?

io
ol
A adding excess dilute sulfuric acid

t
fonned 3 adding excess nickel (lt) hydroxide
C methyl orange is added to indicate the end of the reaction

a
D reacl equal masses of nickel (ll) hydroxide and dilute-.sulfuric acid
Time

c
Which of the following changes would produce y? 32 The fertilizer ammonium nitrate can be manufactured from ammonia in a two_
curve

u
stage process:
A adding the same amount of zinc powder instead of zinc granules Stage I: NH3 +2Oz) HNO3 + HzO Stage ll: HNO. + 11111. )
NH4NO3

d
B incieasing the temperature by 10 oC What is the maximum mass of feitilizer that can be made if only 17 tonnes of
C using 200 crn3 of 0.8 molldm3 hydrochloric acid instead
of 100 cm3 of ammonia is available?

E
1 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid.
I using 50 cm3 of 1 .5 mot/dm3 hydrochroric acid instead
of 100 crn3 of A 34
1 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid. B 40

l
c 80
30 When the experiment shown was set up, the bulb D 97

a
lit, but there were no
products at the electrodes. What is X?

y
33 Aqueous copper(ll) sulphate was electrolysed using graphite electrodes.
rlrl Which of the following graph shows the concentration of the aqueous copper(ll)

n
bulb
sulfate against time?
AB
aqueous

a
concentration of concentration of aqueous
coppe(ll) sulfate copper(ll) sulfate
+ve -ve

D
x
electrode
Time Time
c D
A aqueous sodium chloride concentration of aqueous concentration of aqueous
B copper(ll) sulfate copper(ll) sulfate
bromine
c molten sodium chloride
U molten sodium

4E Chemistry p1 pretiminary Exam 2O1O Time

Hua Yi SemdarySchml 4E Chemistry P1 preliminary Exam 20.10 Hua Yi Se@ndary School
 1

I5 l6

34 The following pie chart represents the major gases existing in present air: 37 An experiment was conducted as shown below.
Porous pot

n
Medicinal
paraffh
soaked in

o
Heat

What does X represent?

A
B
carbon dioxide
oxygen

at i water

c
C noble gases Why was the flame placed away from the mtton wool?
D

u
nitrogen

A the cotton wool would catch fire

d
35 Which of the following statements about petroleum is not true? B the medicinal paraffin absorbed by the cotton wool would burn
c the medicinal paraffin absorbed by the cotton wool would vaporize too

E
A Petroleum has been nicknamed black gold. quickly and pass over the porous pot without reacting
B Petroleum is mainly used for fuels and raw materials for products such as D the reaction would take place very quickly and some products would be
plastics, detergents and insecticides. lost

l
c Pelroleum is a mixture which is non-renewable.
D Petroleum should be reserved as fuel instead of using it as feedstock for 38 A food chemist wants to create the odour of pineapples for a product. An ester

a
organic chemicals. with this odour has the formula C:HuCOzCzHs. Which pair of reactants would

y
produce this ester?
36 Which of the following monomers reacts with the following monomer below to form

n
a synthetic fibre? A CH3CO2H and C3H.OH
rro--[-ot't B CzHsCOzH and CH3OH

a
A C6H5COOH
c C2H5CO2H and C3H7OH

B HOOC.CEHI'COOH D CTHTCOzH and CzHsOH

D
c cH3(cH2)sNH2

D HzN-(CHz)o-NHz

4E Chemistry Pl Preliminary Exam 2010 Hua Yi Seondary Schml 4E Chemistry P1 Preliminary Exam 201O Hua Yi Secondary School
 l7 r8

39 The following conlpound is contained in the sex attractant

of the lps Confusus
bark beetle.
-=iot *i!, -a
3vF
"x,l E $
*-:g 0

n
E J
I
CH2=66-
ro,, fn' Eql ,o8
--! !
C CH-CH B6 F-l
-! <! €
o

io
E
E
z !
2
il I
CHZ CHS
ao - ot ,*
"oE a -@l t oo g EI E

t
= -tsc T
Which of the following is not true about this compound? I
t
,z E
ta =<! -na Fii I:
A =@t :UE L€
ET

a
^
it decolourases aqueous bromine EI
B it reacts with ethanoic acid in the presence of concenirated surphuric acid
so 3ff
5
*ir_! 5f;! 5

c
U r ci
and heat to give an ester
C its empirical formula is the same as its molecular formula
=oJ r< :str
o, >:

u
F OA -t
o!
D ithasapH>7
E
,8j . ol
*_i Ee!

d
o
c
o
40 The structures of three compounds p, e and R are shown. E
o ,6$ :<, :43 E3 fI oE
o
E
E 5

E
J
Pq F-
o
E
u-
Hr
<nP :
d
a=i ( u;; ef
<l
o
I
lJ I{ HH l-l o 3
llr I.r
tl --o (,
ig

l
I E
r-r-c*c - c: c-o * kF - oi q& i Erl - cE
,61
H-c-c-c-o-c.-tl l-{ ollE -o3 r= dt
ttilt tt t{oril o
.C
, .9

a
HHot"l l-l H o a
t
o- .I a
o! t
a B -Ee ?G 2
=o5 E;. zl
F

y
r -9
-c
I
i F
I
i ee; rP i Tf E o
E
l-l H H 3

n
I I I o
H*C .-c-c-tl so -o g
E
:L
I a
i
E

I
= T E

a
H H
t
C *o- H ;> ^a!
.2, :F a
:ox
o oE
efj E
Io a
F

:l:

D
oN
I :r II
-i
Which of the above are isomers of each other? EI
A P and Q only
.E

t 5> i_5 iif qo

b.g
EEg
EEE
'5D
B P and R only -89 - Ei- ^-otoJ
; a ^:oi
6€
F&f EE
c Q and R only ts< x
Jo
D all of the above ^5€ _Ef a!z j ect j 4 I
E
h!
FE :z

aE p1 preliminaryExam 2O1O
Hua Yi Secondary School 4E Chemistry P1 Preliminary Exam 2010
$hmistry Hua Yi Secondary School
I
I
 11u''r 1'
1
I

Section A (50m) (b) Coqking oil (boiling range 23O-270'C) is a lnixture of esters. The oil can be

Ansrver all the questions in this section in the spaces provided. conve(ed to a soiid by reaction with hydrogen.

n
A1 (a) fhe diagram below shows an apparatus for measuring the rates of diifusion oi (i) What evidence is there to support the statement that cooking oil is a
gases. rfli)(r!i"e? t1l

io
diflEloa glug

t
9a!
(ii') Name another experimental technique that could be used to confirm your

a
gadualed tcbe answer that cooking oil is a mixture. How would your results show this? [1]

c
rabr

u
A2 Sherbet is a mixture of solid. hydrogen carbonate and solid citric acid. Sherbet feels '

cool in the mouth when eaten.

d
Figure 1.1

The times taken for 100 cm3 of some gases at r.t.p to dif{use from this (a) Explain why there is a reaction when a piece of Sherbet is placed in the mouth.

E
apparatus are:
t1l
gas time/s
CO 132

l
Clz 211 (b) State if the reaction is exothermic or endothermic. t1l

CHr 'q

a
100
N2 ?

y
o2 141
(c) Draw in the space below the energy profile diagram for this reaciion. Label the

n
(i) Suggest the time that nitrogen would take. diagram clearly, showing the details of this reaction including the enthalpy
{11

change, aH and the activation energy, Ea. t3l

a
(ii) Name a gaseous element which will diffuse faster than any of the gases

D
shown in the table. t1I

(iii) Why is this apparatus unsuitable for finding the rate of diffusion of
ammonia? tl]

4E Ch€mistry P2 Pr€liminary Exam 2010 Hua Yi Seondary School

4E Chemistry P2 Preliminary Exam 2010 Hua Yi Seondary Sclmi
 3 4

A4 Aqueous chlorine is often used a3 a bleaching agent.

A3 The chemical equation of thermal decomposition of caliium. nitrate is shown below. (a) Describe and explain what c€n be observed when aqueous chlorine is
2 Ca(NO3), (s) ) 2 CaO (s)-+ 4 NOz (S) + Oz G) iodide.

n
. added to aqueous potassium
I21
L:'
(a)

io
what is the total volume of gases given off when 49.2 g of carcium nitrate
undergoes thermal decomposition? t2l

t
(b) Draw a'dot and cross'diagram to show the bonding in potassium iodide.

a
You only need to showthe valence electrons. tll

c
(b) (i) State the oxidation state of
,itir:.
nitrogen in calcium nitrate

u
nitrogen in nitrogen dioxide
t21

d
(ii) ls nitrogen in calcium nitrate oxidized A5 oranges, lemons and limes are known as citrus fruits because they contain an acid
or reduced dUring thermat
known as citric acid GHeor. citric acid is a weak tribasic acid. lt is commonly sord
decomposition? Explain your answer. l2j

E
in the market as solid citric acid crystals. ln aqueous condition, the following
occurs.
CuHsOT (aq) * CeHrOz} (aq) + 3H-(aq)

l
(") When a molten nitrate of a. group I metal (M) is strongly heated, it evolves
(a)

a
oxygen and leaves the metal nitrite, MNO2. Explain the term "weak tribasic acid".
t1l
(i) Write a balanced equation for this reaction. t1l

y
(ii) When a particular Group I metal nitrate was heated in.this way until no

n
furtherchange occurred, it lost 10.9 % of itsmass..Calculate the relative
(b) Citric acid is often used to descale electrical ketfle, which rneans to remove
rust, iron(lll) oxide.

a
atomic mass A. of the metal and hence identify it. {21
(i) Suggest the name of the satt formed. tll

D
(ii) Write an equation for the reaction between citric acid and iron (lll) oxide.

t1l

(iii) A housewife poured some citric acid powder into a dry ketile and left it
ovemight. State, with a reason, if this is an effective method for descaling.

11l

4E Chemistry P2 Preliminary Exam 2OlO 4E Chemistry P2 Preliminary Exam 20't

Hua Yi Sondary Scfrml O Hua V Secondary Scfi@l
 6
5

(c) Describe a physical test that can distinguish citric acid from nitric acid. {21
A7 Petroleum is separated by fractional distillation.

n
(a) Cornplete l.he following table about the fractions obtained from petroleum.
fraction use

io
petrol fuel for cars
naphtha

t
kerosene
bitumen road surfacing
t2t

a
(b) (i) The naphtha.fradion of petroleum is a mixture of alkanes containing 4 to

c
A6 Methane is a fuel. lt completely burns to form carbon dioxide and water. When one {0 carbon atoms. Predict the molecular formula of heptane with 7
mole of methane is burned, 890 kJ of energy is released. carbons. t11

u
H
HH
H+2O=O+O-O=Q12

d
H o

Figure 6.1 (ii) Write a chemical equation for the cracking of hexane (C6H1a) to form

E
(a) Calculate the energy released when 4.8 dm3 of methane (at r.t.p) is burned. propene and anolher organic compound. t1I

{21

(b) -
exotherrnic.

a l
Use ideas of.bond breaking and bond forming to explain why the reaction is

l2l
(iii)The cracking of 1 mole of hexane gives only 40 g of propene. What is
the percentage yield ofpropene2 t1l

n y
(c)
combustion of 7 g of

D a
Calculate the volume of oxygen (at r.t.p) that is needed for the complete
methane. t2l (c) The diagram shows part of the structure of the polymer, polyacrylonitrile.

H
lll
-c-c-c
ltl
CiNH
-c-
crN
I

I
.H
I
c
I
I

I
CEN

-c-
ItHH H H H

Figure 7.1

4E Chemistry P2 Preliminary Enm 2O1O Hua V Secondary Sch@l

4E Chemistry P2 Preliminary Exam 2010 Hua Yi Smndary Sc*pol
 7 3

(i) Draw the structural forrnula of the monomer from which this is (b) \Alrite tlre ionic.c.quation ihat ghows the formation of precipitate A and E. [2J

forrned. l1I
A:

n
E:

io
(c) Predict the colour of filtrate F
t11

t
(ii) One way to,dispose polyacrylonitrile is to burn it. However, nitrogen

a
oxides will be formed by doing so. State one enviionnlental problem A9 (a) When a rupture {hernia) or deep wound, is repaired 6y surgery, a mesh is

c
that will result from doing so? I1I inserted below the muscle tissue over the wound so that on healing the
. wound is less likely.to r.eopen and the repair is stronger. poly(propene) is

u
the recommended material for the mesh.

d
(i) Draw a section of poly(propene), showing three repeat units. t1l
A8 Y is a nitrate solution containing the cations, Ag*, Fe3., Cu2*, Al3*_

E
The following flow diagram is designed to separate alr the cations in the sorution y:

Solulion Y

l
Process I: add l.lcl(8q),
then filtcr
(ii) Suggest one reason why poly(propene) is used rather than a natural

a
Prscipi(atc A Filt(ate Il
fibre such es cotton wool. t1]

y
Proess II: add excessNaoH(aq).
rhen lilt€r

n
Precipilate C Filrrate D

a
Prccess III:8dd excess NH.(aq),
tlen filtq

D
Precipitate E Filtrale F

Figure 8.1
(a) Name the substance(s) that make up

(i) precipitate A
(ii) precipitate C _ t2t

4E Chemistry P2 Preliminary Exam 2010 4E Chemistry P2 Preliminary Exam 2OlO Hua Yi Semndary Schoot
Hua Yi Smndary School

I
 \

9 t0

(b) The diacid L occurs naturally and is usbd as a food.additive to enhance the Section B (30m)
Answer all three questions from this section.
acidic flavor in some fruit drinks. Below is the chemical formula of diacid L.

n
The last,question is in the form of either/or and only one of the alternatives should be
HO2CCH2CH2CO2H
attemptedi Answer the questions on the foolscap papers provided.
When the diacid L is reacted with dialcohol M, a polymer is formed. Below

io
' is the chemical formula of diaclcohol M.
B1o A student carried out an experiment to determine the. volume of carbon dioxide

t
HOCH2CH2OH
evolved when 1.0 g of powdered calcium carbonate was allowed to reac{ with 30.0
crn3 of 1.0 M hydrochloric acid. The apparatus was set up as shown below:

a
(i) What type of polymerization is occurring here? t1I

c
carbon dioxide

u
gmduated'cytinder
(ii) Write down the structural formula of the product formed when one

d
molecule of the diacid L reacts with two molecules of HOCH2CH2OH_

tlI waler saurated with CO ,

IICI

E
Figure 10.1

l
The results were plofted in the graph X shown below:

a
volume

y
300

a n 200

D
i00

0
20 40 60 80 I00 I20 140 !60 I80 ?00 time(sec)

Figure 10.2

4E ChemistryP2 PreliminaryEEm 2010 Hua YiSmndarySchool 4E Chemistry P2 Pr€laminary EEm 20'10 Hua V Smndary School
 1l t2

811 . The structure of an organic compound Z is shown belors.

(a) Wa{er trough was used to collect the carbon dioxide produced.
H HHO

n
(i) Explain why the trough is saturated with carbon dioxide. I trll
t1l H-N- C -c = c-C -O -H
(ii) Draw and label another apparatus you could use to collect the carton tl

io
Hl{
dioxide instead of the water trough. tl ]
(b)

t
The loss in mass of the flask with its content is plotted against time as
Figure 11.1
shovr'tr in Figure 10.2. (a) . .Describe what you would observe when a.few dropi of aqueous bromine is
. (i)

a
Estimate the final vo{ume of the gas collected. t1I
(ii) Determine if .calcium carbonate or hydrochloric acid was -present in

c
excess. t2l (b) On warming Z with ethanol and a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid,
(iii)calculate the theoretical volume of carbon dioxide that would be

u
a sweet smelling substance was formed.
evolved. I1l (i) Copy and indicate on your diagram, the functional group in compound Z
(iv)Explain the difference in your answers calculated in b(i) and b(iii),

d
that was involved in this reaction. l1l
assuming there is no leakage in the carbon dioxide. t1I (ii) Draw the full structural formula of the compound that gave the

E
sweet smell.
(c) Explain the shape ofthe curve X in figure 10.2.
t2t t1I
(c) Under.suitable conditions, compound Z undergoes oondensation

l
(d) Given that.the temperature an<j pressure remain the same, suggest how
polymerization.
curve Y can be obtained given the mass of calcium carbcnate used is (i) Define condensation polymerisation and state an example of the

a
unchanged. til synthetic condensation polymer. t2l

y
(ii) Draw a section of the condensation polymer consisting of 2 monomer

units of compound Z. t1I

n
(d) Ethene is mainly obtained by thermal cracking of petroleum fractions. A

a
typical mixture showing the major components from the thermal cracking of
hexane indudes:

D
methane 1s%
ethene 4Oo/o

propene 2oo/o

4E Chemistry P2 Pretiminary EEm 2OlO 4E Chemistry P2 Preliminary Exam 2OlO

Hua Yi Smndary School Hc V Sondary Schmt
 14
13

(i) State what is meant by cracking. Write an equation for the cracking of OR

hexane. _ 412
t2l

n
(ii) Big petroleum molecules are often cracj<ed to smaller petrol molecules
(a) Lithium is comnrercially made through an electrolytic method. The
Explain why.

io
I1l electrolyte used is a mixture of lithium chloride and potas5ium chloride.
(iii) State another use of ciacking. t1I (i) Draw a labeled electrolytic cell diagram illustrating the extraction of

t
lithium from the mil:ture. Write half-equations for the reaction at
electrodes. t3I

a
Either
, 812 The diagram below illustrates the apparatus used .for-.the electrolysis of (ii) Explain why a mixture of,lithium chloride and potas$ium chloride is used

c
concentrated solution sodium halide. as the electrolyte instead of pure lithium chloride. l2l
(iii) To save cost, a company suggested using aqueous lithium chloride as

u
the electrolyte. Explain the feasibility of such a suggestion. 121
tub€ X tube Y
(b) lron is made by the reduction of iron ore with coke in the blast furnace.

d
(i) Conshuct the equation, including state symbols, for the reduction of
iron(lll) oxide by carbon monoxide. 121

E
concentrated solution
ofsodium halide (ii) Suggest one advantage of slag floating on top of the iron. tl 1

carbon clacrrodc B

l
carbon

a
Figwe 12.1

y
A concentrated solution of sodium halide was electrolysed. lt was observed that a
End of Paper
gas was formed in tube Y and the solution in tube X changes from colourless to

n
light brown.

a
(a) State the identity of the halide. tll
(b) What was the gas formed in tube Y? Write the ionic equation to show the
formation of the gas. I2l

D
(c) Explain why the liquid in tube X changes from colourless to brown.
t1I
(d) State which electrode, A or B, is the cathode and describe the chemical
changes that occuned at this electrode. I2l
(e) Given that the concentrated solution of sodium halide is replaced by a one
that is dilute, describe and explain what you would observe for the
(i) the volume ratio of the gaseous products in tubes X and Y. t21
(ii) the pH of solution in tubes X and Y and in the tank. t2l

4E Chemistry P2 Preliminary Exam 2o10 Hua Yi Srondary School

4E Chemistry P2 Preliminary Exam 2010 Hua Yi SmdarySch@l
DATA SHEET 15

Colours of some common metal hydroxides

Hydroxide -fl s{:E

"sg :*l uji

n
Colou I
G T
a
J
I
E

Aluminium hydroxide White

*og
--.l
"6! !-I <I uff o

io
Calcium hydroxide White s z ,
Copper(ll) hydroxide Light blue I q
:ol e o aa I tP: o s-tsE E

t
& C EE
=t
T
lron(tl) hydroxide Green
_ lron(lll) hydroxide Red-brown
i ;o
:
l .{l I C

a
B

Lead(ll) hydroxide
luA rE T
White I
Zinc hydroxide White =.5 ! E
?68 r.f! uff

c
@ Eo
s
c
,ri -d

oE :EE I t
ee

u
=@l (,i XF a
& a
E
I e
o
-- €fg uf! C

d
=of
E
@ 5
I
co e
oE
"E$ v<; :i5 :(, 6i o E
E

E
tr a
FT E
u- E'
Hr 3zE I
E
?
I u,ii <! e
a.9.

l
E
Ef .gE :E € s'qtE€ I
o-9
E
c
.9
s
o

a
c
o
,o
-I
f s8!
*
=J
=t t :sj Ei. o
z r
c

y
F
.9
-c
a

ti F t ss; !E ts r=! o
E

n
E
;1j !
rg t a
E
! :& &'
c IE
,
3 f I E
E

a
o
=i ,28 .el :6f eEi t
F

D
3F t 5

N
.N
t :I
s€
!6O
€
I 5 E!F
a> F !5 tI N<
E

I .9a gtr
x bP
o6
&
ieE
-si e
I
6
^'oior q
5
; rf;l E I
5D
c6
E< x
E
- s5
'zI AV ! ,fl usi al"
3
$E :<

4E Chemistry P2 Preliminary EMm 2010 Hua Yi Se@ndary Schml

18
J
Hua Yl Socondarv School
C\qm,iqtrv Prglim 20,1 0
3 (a n0. = 49.21164 I
Mqrklnn_sq,hem,ejor Sec 4 Exnr:es-s (Fure Ch.emistrld
from tho equation,
2 moles of Ca(NO3)2 forms 5 moles cf gases
Pqoer;! no. of molos of 3ases =0.3x512= 0.ZS ;
Vol of gases = 0.75 x 24 = 18 dm3 :
Question Answer Questlon Answsr Quostion Answer Question Angwer

n
(b) (i) +5
1 '1
1 A 21 A 31 B olt4 1
2 12 ) 22 B (iii) reduction; oxidation state of nitrogen calcium nitrato cjec;eases

io
JZ B
)1 2
J I 13 fronr +5 to +4 ln nitroo€n dioxide which shows reduction.
4 14 24 D 34 ) (c) (:) ziliNCa ) 2MNOz+Oz

t
1
5 B B 25 A 35
6 to D 26 (ii) 2 moles
36 B = 32110.9 x 100 = 293.6 ?
c 17 ) Ar of M = 295 -28-96 12 =84.75:

a
37 U
I D 28 c J6 ) M is Rubidium;
I 19 B 29 39 D

c
10 20 30 ) 40 4a colourloss s turns brown.: iodidE ions in
D 2
to
Papsr2-ISsgtie!-A) b .+

u
.r-6\. ttll I f 1
1

,'
Ouestion irt---"'I)li ./t*,
r il
i

d
lvlarks
No. I "x-" i
1 (a) 1?f c
1 5a One mole of acid ionizes partially to givo 3 moles of hydrogen ions, I

E
(ii) gas b (i) lron (ill) citrate
1
1

the ammonia wiil in water to form ammon m solution. ,1

l
(ii) FezOs * Z(CsX.OrP ZfeC6HsO, + 3ilzO I
it has a t 1
(c) (ii) Chromatography ; The chromatogram show ditferent spots 2

a
(iii) No. Hydrogen atoms are oniy produced in to react with tho 1
o c acid will on ss oc late lons en dissolved in 1 iron (lll) oxide. Since there is absence of watsr, no H' producad. Tho
rvater(saliva) in the mouth.

y
rust wlll not rEact with dry citric acld powder.

Test boiling acids. : Substances ave and fixed ')

n
b othermic 1
6a n0 methane = 0.2 a
c Energy released = 0.2 x 890 = 178 kJ

a
J

/-' b Morg en6rov wh6n are formed

carbon dioxide and wator respectively; than snsrgy gain when (o=o) and (C-

D
H) bonds are brokEn ln methane and oxygen molecules. ;
n ;All
'o'lr c no. of moles of m€thane 0.4375 ;
,"nt ,r r*nl according to the eqn,
'imol of methane rea.;t with 2 mol of oxy9en
4 rr

2
 I
I

)
x24 =21 At about t=50s, thc isacticn slow dow.'n as the concentralion falls
At t= '160s. the roacticn stops when CaCOs is use.J. up.;
A7a for Jets 1
cf 1
Frovidos the raw matorial for the maklrrg of plastics
lrSG
naphtha - 1

rrea/l
bi CrH,o 1 ^I.^i.l

n
rl CoH,r I C3H6 +Q,11, I 1

I B1'1 Reddish brcwn bromine decolourises I

It 1 mole of CsH6 = $4 n a

io
1

% yield of propeno = 40142 x 100oh = 95.24% b. i)-COOH orouo 1

il.

t
1
cr

.t
A

a
.R

I causes aclO raln wntcn-iowers pH of soil and river / corrodes llmestone 1

c
buildlnos
A8a A: sllver chloride 2
a
C: mixture lron(lll) hydroxide and coppe(ll) hydroxide cr condensetion polymer are nlonomers that are ioined together rvi th

u
lost of water molecule. ; oxample: nylon/ teiyleno
b + (aq)'t AgCl s 2
)

d
il
c dark blue I
A9 (i) 1 I
l{-

E
H HHH HH
rtttlr q
c. c. c. .
I ttttr c c. c.
oH! H H

l
CH, Cl{r H
di GictinS is a process ls a process of breaking big petroleurn molscules inlo 2

smaller ones. CoHt ) C2Ha +C3Ho +Q1'10

I

a
(ii) lt is water proof / non- biodegradable/ stronger

l(i) condensation oolvmer 1

can be used to obtain petrol which is needed to meet the deman d 1

y
ll
HOCHzCHzo2CCH€HzCOTCHzCHTOH,
1
for the motor cars.
(ii)
Produce ethene needed to make other useful chemlcals / make hydrogen

n
1
iit
B10a 1 9as
( oas svrlnae 1

a
b ) 22ocms 1 Either sodium lodide /bromide 1

)cact2+H2o+co2 812 a
@+2Hcl 2
b 2H'+ 2e' Hz;) 2
no. of moles of CaCO3 = 1/1 00 = 0.01
no. of moles of HCI = 1x 0.03 . 0.03 ; At elactrods A, iodlde ions are praferentlally drschargqq to lorm iodine. i 1 --

D
c
according to tho eqn, molo ratio, 1:2, d B: ll' forrn hydroqen gas.
HCI is in excess: e (i) Volume ofX:Yis1:2 ?

(iii) No. of ,moles of CO2 = 0.01 I 4OH- )2H2O + 02 + 4e-

therotical mass = O.O1 x 24000 = 240 cm' For the same amount of etsctrons passed, 1 volums of oxygen is
fo ts
iv) Carbon dioxlds dlssolvos in the HCI imm€diately upon forming 1

c lnitially reaction is th€ fastest as the concontration of the reactants is the 2 (ii) Nc chanEe; since same amount ll and OH'are discharged at the 2

hiohast. : same

4
3
Or B'12a
rl 1

couL" " <*b* ae*LFOLb

re l}e+ lr'*l-"*^u

n
dloeiot+ xL
p ql.6.9rr's'*
i) 'c))4-:dr-

io
Anode: 2Cl'(l) )Cl, (g) + ls' I
)

t
Cathode: Li'(l) +e' Li(l) 1
(ii) Potassium as an impurity, lowers the melting poinq this s.aves 2
lnelgx_

a
(iii)No of lithium; a
lithium is above

c
hydrogen in the reactiviw series;
b
Ai. Feror (s) + 3co(s) ) 2Fe(l) I ffi z
ii. It prevents the hot air from reactins,ri rhlhl mojili-

u
ron. 1

Ed
a l
n y
D a
5