WOLKITE UNIVERSITY

COLLAGE OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS

DEPARTMENT OF INFORTION SYSTEM

FUNDAMENTAL OF DATABASE SYSTEM PROJECT

PROJECT TITLE RAILWAY RESERVATION SYSTEM

GROUP MEMBERS
NAME ID
1 ABDELMEJID FEDLU CIR/101/11
2 SYOUM DEBEBE CIR/182/11
3 HIDAYA SIMENEH CIR/432/11
1 identify organization and formulate self-explanatory project
title.

 This project is about creating the database about railway

reservation system in Ethiopia
The railway reservation system facilitate the passenger to enquire about
the train available on the basis of source and destination, booking, and
cancellation of ticket,enquire about the status of the booked ticket, etc
The aim of case study is to design and develop a database maintaining the
records of different trains, train status, and passengers. The record of train

include its number, name, source, destination, and days on which it is

available, whereas record of train status includes dates of which tickets can
be booked, total number of seats available, and number of seats already

booked.
Passengers can booked their tickets for the main train in which seats are
available.
For this, passenger has to provide the desired train number and the date
for which ticket is to be booked. Before booking a ticket for a passengers,
the validity of train number and booking date is checked. Once the train
number and booking date are validated, it is checked weather the seat is
available. If yes, the ticket is booked with confirm status and corresponding
ticket ID is generated which is stored along with other details of the
passengers. The ticket once booked can be cancelled at any time. For this,
the passengers has to provide the ticket ID (unique key). The ticket ID is
 searched and the corresponding record is deleted with this, the first ticket
with waiting status also gets confirmed.

2describe the organization working structure with an

appropriate diagram?

3 what is the business rule and identify the organization business

rule?

A Business rules is a statement that defines or constrains some aspect

of business 
Business rules describe the business policies that apply to the data
stored on a company's databases.

That can apply to people processes corporative behavior and computing system in an
organization

And put in place to help the organization achieve its goals. it is arule which The organisation
follows

4 describe the data handling technique of the organization?

The data handling technique of railway reservation system is database data

handling technique.

5 what is database and why is database needed in the

organization?
A database is a well-organized collection of data that are related in a meaningful
way, which can be accessed in different logical orders.
Database: A database is an organized collection of logically related data, usually
designed to meet the information needs of multiple users in an organization.
The repository contains definitions of data, whereas the database contains
occurrences of data.
 We need database to:

 To operate large amount of information by storing, retrieving

and managing.
 To improve Data Security.
 To describe working structure of the organization and theirs
information in easiest form.
 Easy of updating data with the database you can flexibly update
data according to your continence.
 To access data in a better way

A management system helps in getting quick solutions to database queries, and

therefore, data access is faster and more accurate. End users like sales people will
have enhanced access to the data, enabling a faster sales cycle and a more sound
decision making process.

6 identify all possible entities within the organization?

 Entities of railway reservation system

 Passenger
 Train
 Station
 Ticket
 Employee

7 identify each entities attribute?

 ENTITES ATTRIBUTES
EMPLOYE Employee_id
First_name
Last_name
Gender
Age
Mobile_no
adress

PASSENGER Passenger id
Name
Gender
Age
Seat_no
Booked_by
Reservation status
TRAIN Train_no
Train_name
Source
Destination
Arrival_time
Departure_time
Availability_of_seats

STATION Station_no
Name
Train_no
Arrival_time
hault
TICKET Ticket_id
Train_no
Booked_employee
Status
No_of_passenger

8 determine the degree and cardinality of relationship among entities?

 Degree of relation for railway reservation system

1. employee and passenger have binary relation
2. passenger and train have binary relation
 3. train, station, passenger have ternary relation
4 employee and ticket have binary relation
5 Train and station have binary relation

 Cardinality of relationship for railway reservation system

1 employee with passenger many_to_many relation
2 passenger with train many_to_many relation
3 employee with ticket many_to_many relation
4 train with station many_to_many relation
5 station with ticket many_to_many relation

9 identify the entities candidate key, primary key, foreign key, composite
key, and surrogate key.
ENTITES Candidate key Primary Foreign Composi Surrogate key
key key te key
EMPLOYE Employee_id Employee NULL Address Employee_id
Mobile_no _id name Age
Mobile_no

PASSENG Passenger id Passenger Employee Name Age

ER Name id _id Seat_no
Seat_no Employee_id
TRAIN Train_no Train_no NULL Train_no Availability_of_s
Train_name eats
Availability_of_s Train_no
eats

STATION Station_no Station_n Train_no Name Train_no

Name o Train_no Arrival_time
Train_no

TICKET Ticket_id Ticket_id Employee Train_no Train_no

Train_no _id No_of_passenge
No_of_passenge r
r
10 write data integrity rules such as entity integrity, referential integrity,
domain integrity, and null integrity in terms of your project?
 entity integrity
In a base relation, no attribute of a primary key can be null.
By definition, a primary key is a minimal identifier that is
used to identify tuples uniquely
In our project primary key such as employee_id, train_no, ticket_id,
station_no, and passenger_id must not be null.

 referential integrity
The referential integrity constraint is specified
between two relations and is used to maintain the
consistency among tuples in the two relations
❖ Records cannot be inserted into a detail table if
corresponding records in the master table do not exist.
❖ Records of the master table cannot be deleted if
corresponding records in the detail table exist
 In our project employee has parent table and
passenger has child table
 Records cannot be inserted into a passenger
table if corresponding records in the employee
table do not exist.
 Records of the employee table cannot be
deleted if corresponding records in the passenger
table exist
 And also train has parent table and station has
child table
 Records cannot be inserted into a station table if
corresponding records in the train table do not
exist.
 Records of the train table cannot be deleted if
corresponding records in the station table exist
etc.
 domain integrity
No value of the attribute should be
beyond the allowable limits. Domains
are used in the relational model to
define the characteristics of the
columns of a table.
In our project all attribute must take
allowable value example age has value
of positive integer gender has value of
male or female name has take letter
varchar(45).

null integrity
Represents a value for an attribute that is
currently unknown or is not applicable for
this tuple
When we cannot assign the value of
attribute in our project then so the value of
attribute is unknown temporarly.