Case study 1: Greetings

Good morning, good afternoon, good night, good bye

We use different greetings for different times of the day.

A: Good morning Faisel, how are you today?

B: Good morning Tariq, I’m fine thanks and you?

A: Good afternoon Faisel, how are you today?

B: Good afternoon Tariq, I’m fine thanks and you?

A: Good night Faisel, see you tomorrow.

B: Good night Tariq, see you tomorrow.

“Good night” cannot be used as a greeting but is another way of saying

good bye

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Word Definition

Shift A scheduled period of time for working

Fire The release of heat and light and flame

Safe Free from danger

Telephone A device for talking across distance

wire/wireless

Tank A large , often metallic container for

holding or storing liquids or gases

Walkie-talkie A device for talking across distance using

Radio

Log-book A book for writing important events and facts

Crude oil A thick, dark liquid which is not refined

Discussion: from the above words list fill in the blank

1. I want to talk to Ibrahim. Can I use your……………….
2. I have to work the morning………………tomorrow.
3. Write down the hand-over note in the………….now, please.
4. 965 499 9989, is this your……….number.
5. I am wearing my PPE to be…………………….
6. The………………….comes into the refinery here
7. Don’t somke here! You will start a………………….
8. Check to see if the……………..is full

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 Case study 2: Jobs

1. My job is to make sure that everyone works safely and always keeps
to the safe working practices
2. I work on pumps, valves,, compressors, air-coolers and
condensers
3. I make sure that nobody gets into the refinery unless they have
permission
4. I take samples of all our products and check the units to make sure
that they are working OK

Word Definition
Safe working practice Working to the rule & regulation

Sample A small quantity for showing the quality

pump A machine for moving fluids

Valve A machine for halting or controlling the flow

of liquid or gas

Compressor A machine that increases the pressure of a

gas

Air-cooler A machine that cools air

Log-book A book for writing important events and

facts

Condenser A device fro reducing gases or vapors to

Liquid

Permission Authorization

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 Case study 3: Where do you work?

Job number one: I work in the mechanical maintenance department

and I work on pumps, valves, compressors, air-coolers and anything
mechanical.

Job number two: I analyse the product sample the field operators take.
I have to make sure that the products are of the correct quality

Job number three: I work in the Tank Farm, I make sure that the pipes,
valves, and tanks are working correctly

Job number four: I work in Shuabia refinery as a bench fitter

Job number five: I work in Shuabia refinery as a general fitter

Job number six: I work with IMCO as mechanical technician

supervisor

Job number seven: I work with IMCO as a welder Forman at

Shuabia refinery

Discussion: each trainee will talk about his job

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 Case study 4: Fire and Safety

To run a hazardous process industry like a refinery, we must have a skilled

and experienced workforce. There are many hazardous chemicals and
many pieces of equipment that have the potential to cause fatal injuries.

To insure the safety of our employees we have developed a system of

working based on having a procedure for each work task.
We train our employees to follow these work instructions to keep them safe
and to protect the environment from any damage caused by a large scale
incident such as a fire or explosion.

Discussion: from the above paragraphs fill in the blank

1. A refinery has many………….chemical
2. A fatal injury is one that result in…………….
3. A sequence of actions or instructions to be followed is called
a………………………..
4. The…………………….is the air, earth and water around us.
5. We must always follow………..rules

The Refinery Safety Manual all the Safety Guidelines and Safety Rules
that must be followed by all personnel at all time. Your safety and the
safety of your colleagues rest on you knowing and working to these rules.

The rules are very easy to follow: the use of PPE is a must. You must
wear your PPE when you are inside the refinery.

Good housekeeping is also a must. Your work area must be free of

obstructions and any oil soaked rags, rubbish or waste paper that are
possible fire hazards

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 Case study 5: Safety Equipment

One of our prime objectives is the safe and efficient operation of

our refineries. We make every effort to ensure the health and
safety of our employees and visitors to our site.
We provide the very best safety equipment. Every employee has
a helmet, coverall, safety shoes, gloves, ear muffs and eye
spectacle or glasses.

After reading the above case study, write down five safety
equipment that each employee in oil refinery should wear:

1………………………………….
2………………………………….
3………………………………….
4………………………………….
5………………………………….

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 Case study 6: Mechanical Equipment

Hi, my name’s Khalid Hassan and today I can tell you about some of the
mechanical equipment we have in my section. I am going to start with the
boiler we use to produce steam. The boiler is covered in cladding to
protect us from the high temperature inside. The boiler can produce steam
at low pressure, 60 psig 325F, so it’s dangerous but not as dangerous as
the high pressure steam unit.

The next piece of equipment is a small control valve that we use to control
the flow of liquid or gas. It is a globe valve with one inch size.

Read the above case study and answer the following

questions:
1. What is the first mechanical equipment that Khalid talked about?
……………………………………………………………….

2. What is the size of the control valve that Khalid mentioned in his talk?
………………………………………………………………

3. What is the meaning of cladding?

………………………………………………………………

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Pressure:

• Gases and liquids exert pressure in all directions

• Pressure can be calculated by dividing the force by the area

Force
Pressure = , P = F/A
Area

• Pressure is measured in PSI, bar and Pascals (Pa)

• What combination of force and area give a high pressure?

• ANS: Large force and small area

• What combination of force and area give a low pressure?

• ANS: Small force on large area

• What is the formula for calculating pressure? P = F/A

• What units are pressure given in? psi, bar and Pascals

Examples of where a small area is needed to increase the pressure

Nails

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Pressure Units

Standard
Internatio Metric English
nal
N/mSI
(Newton/
2 kg/cm2 lb/in2= psi
dyne/cm
Square Meter)
cm H2O in H2O
mm Hg in Hg
Pascal (Pa)bar
atmosphere (atm)atmosphere (atm)
Pascal (Pa)
kilopascal (kPa)