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Production and Verification of Hydrangea Macrophylla × H. Angustipetala Hybrids
Production and Verification of Hydrangea Macrophylla × H. Angustipetala Hybrids
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Article in HortScience: a publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science · October 2009
DOI: 10.21273/HORTSCI.44.6.1534 · Source: OAI
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from five randomly chosen hybrids per cross, same SSR loci are highly polymorphic and Morphological comparisons. Leaf blades
'Lady in Red'. Midnight Duchess, and H. were used by Rinehart et al. (2006) to of H. angustipetala were shorter and consid-
angustipetala. Pollen from newly dehisced distinguish between hydrangea species and erably narrower than those of 'Lady in Red'
anthers was transferred to a microscope slide, estimate genetic diversity within and be- (Table I). Mean leaf blade length and width
mixed with a drop of FDA—sucrose solution, tween groups of related hydrangea. Species- were intermediate in the 'Lady in Red' x H.
and covered with a coverslip. After 10 mm, specific allele sizes were identified for these angustipetala hybrids. The hybrid population
the slides were examined under a Zeiss SSR loci to create a molecular key of hydran- involving 'Lady in Red' segregated 122
fluorescent microscope with a Zeiss 09 gea species, which was used for interspecific plants with red and 65 plants with green stem
Blue filter (Carl Zeiss Microlmaging, Inc., hybrid identification between the species pigmentation. The hybrid population involv-
Thornwood, NY) and individual pollen used here (Rinehart et al., 2006). A two- ing Midnight Duchess" segregated 22 plants
grains scored as fluorescent (viable) or non- dimensional scatterplot from a PCoA dem- with purple and 25 plants with green stem
fluorescent (nonviable). Three fields of 100 onstrates the relationship of the hybrids to pigmentation. A 1:1 ratio for purple or green
pollen grains each were counted per hybrid their respective parents (Fig. I). One hundred stems supports previous data, which indi-
and parent and the mean number of fluores- percent of the genetic diversity in the distance cated purple stem pigmentation is controlled
cent grains calculated for each genotype. matrix is explained by this plot, which is by a single dominant allele (Kardos, 2008).
drawn proportional. The three hybrids for The hybrids with red (Fig. 2B) or purple
Results and Discussion each cross cluster intermediate to their (Fig. 2D) stem pigmentation were more orna-
respective parents. Hybrids cluster in two mental than the green-stemmed plants. The
Pollioations. Viable seeds were produced groups representing the difference between hybrids were well-branched, multistemmed
from interspecific crosses, but only when H. H. niacrophvlla cultivar contributions. The
inacrophvl/ci was used as the female and single seedling that resembled Midnight
H. an gu.ctipeta/a was used as the male. The Duchess' clustered with Midnight Duchess"
Table I Leaf measurements of H. tnacrophvlla
two plants of H. angu.stipetala available for on the H. macropht'l/a side of the plot. This 'Lady' in Red', H. angustipetala, and their
hybridization were small and produced only seedling lacked H. angustipetela- Spec ifie hybrids.'
two inflorescences per plant. All the pollen allele sizes, which confirm that it is not an
produced by H. angustipetala was collected Mean blade Mean blade
interspecific hybrid. Rather, allele size vari- Taxon length (cm)5 width (cm)
for hybridization, and in the process, it is ation was reduced and consistent with self- Lady in Red 6.5 7.9
likely the inflorescences were damaged. pollination of Midnight Duchess'. All other Lady in Red x H. 10.8 ± 0.2 3.3 ± 0.1
Physical damage to the H. angustipetala hybrids produced allele sizes consistent with angustipetala
flowers leading to abscission is the most both expected parents, including species- H. angustipetala 7.6 1.9
likely explanation for the difference in recip- specific sizes that confirm interspecific 'The number of hybrids measured was 46.
rocal seed set. This hypothesis is further hybridization between H. angustipetala and 'Reported as the mean for parents and mean ± ss for
supported by the production of viable seed H. inacroph i/Ia. the hybrids.
and seedlings from reciprocal crosses
betweeiì H. macrop/ivlla and H. luteovenosa
Koidzumi (Kardos, unpublished data).
Hvdrangea luteovenosa is closely related to
H. angustipetala, and both species are often
listed as subspecies of H. scandens (L.) Set-.
(Dirr, 2004; McClintock, 1957).
Both 'Lady in Red' and Midnight
Duchess' were crossed successfully with
H. angustipetala. ' Lady in Red' x H. angus-
tipetala produced 189 seedlings, whereas
Midnight Duchess' x H. angustipc'tala pro- AA
duced 61 seedlings. All seedlings grew vig-
orously in the greenhouse. After the seedlings
were transplanted into 11.36-L containers
and moved outside, they continued to grow
vigorously, and by Fall 2006, many of the
seedlings had grown to 0.6 m tall x 0.6 m
wide or larger. 'Lady in Red' x H. angusti-
petala produced 187 seedlings with interme-
diate morphological traits and two seedlings
that resembled the H. maerophvlla parent A.
with no obvious influence of H. angustipetala
on either leaf morphology or growth habit.
Midnight Duchess x H. angustipetala pro-
duced 47 seedlings with intermediate morpho-
logical traits and 14 seedlings that resembled
the H. macrop/n'lIa parent. The seedlings that AW
4
resembled only their H. rnacrophvlla parent
likely resulted from self-pollination, because
some self-pollen was apparently present on a
few flowers within an inflorescence before
emasculation and SSR data are consistent with
self-pollination.
Molecular analtsis. Twelve SSR markers
were used to verify interspecific hybridiza- Fig. 2. (A) Growth habit. (B) i-ed-pigmented stem. (C) til I color front Lads in Red x H. angusipetala
tions by comparing allele size variation hybrids, and (D) pigmented stem from Midnight Duchess' x H. angusripetala hybrid. All seedlings
between parents and hybrid progeny. These were in their first growing season.
1536 HURT Sci LNC1 VOL. 44(6) Oc 10131 n 2009
dom' x H. invo/ucrata hybrids. HortScience
41:564-566.
Jones, K.D., S.M. Reed, and T.A. Rinehart. 2006.
Wide crosses in the Hydrangeaceae: Dichroa
fdhrijhga x Hvdrangea inacroph v//a. Proc.
Southern Nursery Assn. Res. Conf. 51:577-579.
Jones, K.D., S.M. Reed, and T.A. Rinehart. 2007.
Analysis of ploidy level and its effects on guard
cell length. pollen diameter and fertility in
I-li drangea niacroph v//a. HoriScience 42:
483-488.
Kardos. il-I. 2008. Interspecific and intergeneric
hybridization involving Hvth'angea macro-
p&v//a (Thunberg) Seringe and inheritance
studies in H. ,nacrophv//a. PhD Diss.. Univer-
sity of Georgia.
Kardos. J.H.. C.D. Rohacker, M.A. Din, and T.A.
Rinehart. 2006. Production and verification of
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angustipeta/a and H. mnacrophvl/a x Dichroa
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Fig. 3. lnflorcscences from (A) H. auguslipela/a, (B) Lady in Red', and (C-D) Lady in Red' x H. Conf. 51:570-572.
angu.sOpeta/a hybrids. Kudo, N., Y. Kimura, and Y. Niimi. 2002. Pro-
duction of interspecific hybrid plants by cross-
ing Hvdrangc'a mnacrophv//a f. hortensia
plants even without pruning (Fig. 2A). Winter fehrifiiga and H. macroph v//a ranged from (Lam.) Rehd. and H. qiv'm-ci/olia Bartr. through
leaf retention of the hybrids ranged from de- 5% to 62% stainable pollen in one study ovule culture. Hon. Res. Japan 1:9-12.
Kudo, N., T. Matsui. and T. Okada. 2008. A novel
ciduous to semievergreen with some hybrids (Reed et al., 2008) and from 0% to 73%
interspecific hybrid plant between Hvdrangea
developing red to purple fall color (Fig. 2C). stainable pollen in another study (Kardos, scandens ssp. c/unen,si.s and H. ,nacrop/iv//a via
Hybrids from both crosses flowered in the unpublished data). ovule culture. Plant Biotechnol. 25:529-533.
greenhouse during April and May 2007. All This study demonstrated the close rela- Kudo, N. and Y. Niimi. 1999. Production
inflorescences were lacecap, as were the tionship between H. macrophvl/a and H. of interspecific hybrids between Hvdrangea
parents, consisting of central fertile flowers angustipetala, as reported in a recent phylo- mnacrophv//a f. /iorien ala (Lam.) Rehd. and
surrounded by a ring of showy sepals (Fig. genetic study (Rinehart et al.. 2006). The H. arbore.scens L. J. Jpn. Soc. Hort. Sci. 68:
3A-D). Most inflorescences emerged creamy interspecific hybrids were attractive plants 428-439.
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white and aged to white or pale green. Three
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tala possessed inflorescences that emerged leaf shape and size, and degree of foliage McClintock, E. 1957. A monograph of the genus
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escences, this pink coloration must be from into a H. rnacrophvlla breeding program. gea. J. Environ. Hon. 18:29-33.
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faint fragrance, a trait that is typically absent gea niacrophv//a x H. panicu/ata hybrid.
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