Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Nephroptosis (Ginjal melayang/
mengambang)
• Orang amat kurus → kapsula adiposa & fasia
renalis berkurang → ginjal turun dari posisi normal
• Akibat: ureter tertekuk → blokade urine & sakit
• Insidensi: 1 dari 4 orang → kelemahan jaringan
fibrosa
• Perempuan 10 X > Laki-laki
Anatomi Ginjal
Anatomi internal
Cortex renalis
Medulla renalis
Pyramid renalis
Papilla renalis
Collumna renalis
Ductus papillaris
Calyx minor
Calyx major
Pelvis renalis
Sinus renalis
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http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/solitarykidney/images/nephronkidA.gif
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Nephron:
1. Renal corpuscle :
a. Glomerulus
b. Bowman’s capsule
2. Renal tubule:
a. Proximal convoluted
tubule
b. Loop of Henle
c. Distal convoluted
tubule
Collecting duct
Papillary duct http://www.farmakologija.com/materia/images/nephron.gif
http://coe.fgcu.edu/faculty/greenep/kidney/glomer3.jpg
Vaskularisasi Ginjal
Segmental arteries
Peritubular venules
Afferent arterioles
Peritubular capillaries
http://www.geocities.com/biology_4e/cross_section_of_kidney.jpg
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• Ginjal = 0.5% total body mass
• 20-25% cardiac output istirahat via arteri
renalis
• Renal blood flow = 1200 mL/ menit
PROSES PRODUKSI URINE
1.Filtrasi oleh glomerulus
2.Reabsorbsi oleh tubulus
3.Sekresi oleh tubulus
http://www.colorado.edu/eeb/web_resources/cartoons/nephr.gif
Filtrasi oleh Glomerulus
• Regulasi GFR
1. Autoregulasi renal
1. Mekanisme myogenik
2. Umpan balik tubuloglomerular
2. Regulasi saraf simpatis
3. Regulasi hormonal
1. Angiotensin II
2. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
1. Autoregulasi renal
1. Mekanisme myogenik:
BP → RBF → GFR → regangan arteriola afferent →
kontraksi otot arteriola afferent → lumen menyempit →
GFR ke tingkat semula
http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/554images/proximal_tubule.jpg
http://www.varimed.hu/hypertension/pha/img/pha_577.gif
Reabsorbsi & Sekresi di Ductus Collectivus
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/N/nephron.gif
Regulasi Reabsorbsi & Sekresi oleh
Hormon
Sistem Renin – Angiotensin – Aldosteron
Vol darah → sel juxtaglomerular
renin angiotensin
converting enzyme
2. Countercurrent flow
• Proses Produksi Urine Pekat
1. Symporters di thick ascending limb (Na+, K+, Cl-) →
gradien osmotik di medula renalis. Air tak direabsorbsi