As we move through buildings we experience not only continuous changes of

perspective but also discrete transitions from one space to another.

Design is a process that is based on 'ideas to think with' and theories that summarize

experience into abstract principles. It also depends on how the designer manipulates

these ideas. Therefore, the understanding that architects have of how people use and

perceive the space is reflected in the creation of building and cities so the weaknesses

and the failures of any design arguably can be traced to the ideas from which they were

based. Therefore, there is no doubt that 'better theories of space mean more freedom

for the designer because they bring the deep structure of architectural and urban space

into the realm of rational debate and creative intuition' (Hillier, 1993:2).

The study of the relationship between form and function and the role of the user and the

idea of space will be discussed here, exploring how Space Syntax Theories can

introduce a new point of view over these key issues for architecture education.

A look into some of the most popular architecture hand books for architecture students

like the Neuffer Architecture's Data in Europe or the Time Several Standarts in the USA

or the Plazola in Latin America, suggests that the function is approached in architectural

design mainly as a sequence of human actions coupled to equipments in order to

satisfy specific practical requirements on a daily basis inside a given spatial unit. If the

form follows functions, then space is seen as a container, as an element subordinated

to objects and functions not with intrinsic properties and, therefore, as a secondary

component in the design process.

It is important to see how Space Syntax redefines the modern idea of form. Instead of

considering the form of a building, and therefore the spatial configuration, as a mere

consequence of recurring human activities or functions, Space Syntax defines the

spatial configuration as 'a function of the form of social solidarity; and different forms of

social solidarity are themselves built on the foundations of a society as both a spatial

and transpatial system' (Hillier, 2005)

Spatial configuration is the common theme of architects’ and planners’ interests. It

represents the most consequential process among the influential factors of building

design, particularly with regard to the function. Many studies and discussions have shed

light on the dominant influence of a spatial configuration process, highlighting the

necessity of a multidisciplinary research amid the configuration of spatial-functional

systems and design procedure (Hillier, et al., 1987a; Hillier & Hanson, 1988; Montiero,

This study focuses on how these ideas are embedded into the development of house

layouts, by observing the functional effects of the spatial configuration process on the

efficiency of house layouts. It will take into account the configuration method of the

interior domestic spaces as a general component in forming the house layout system.

Moreover, it investigates the impact of this process (spatial configuration) on the

functional efficiency of those layouts that may have changed over time.

Spatial organization of functional layouts of houses plays a significant role in achieving

the degree of spatial-functional efficiency which varies over time. So, any change in

these systems leads to lack and weakness in the functional efficiency and the

performance degree of these layouts.

Architecture has a unique oppurtunituy in addresiing anf understanding the need of the

farmers. Since architecture is focused on problem solving and critical thinking in

consideration of the needs of the users, a pro-farmer architectural approach can

significantly contribute to these domino-effects of socio-economic issues.

Architecture make better communities and built environment. The potential of

architecture as a powerful instrument in creating greater impact of development is

probable in terms of achieving the sense of community in the built environment.\\in

connecting with people, architecture creates an identity for the agriculture especially in

encouraging prospective agriculture workers and in uplifting the image of the sector.

2. The spatial organization of the city building complex

City building complex is not the type of building space and building more functions

simple grouped together, but through a systematic, hierarchical and there is a

sequence of science, precision space design composite made, com- pared to the

traditional single building, a composite and

2. The spatial organization of the city building complex

City building complex is not the type of building space and building more functions

simple grouped together, but through a systematic, hierarchical and there is a

sequence of science, precision space design composite made, compared to the

traditional single building, a composite and complex multiple architectural spaces with

different combination of the use of functional building complex.

2. The spatial organization of the city building complex

City building complex is not the type of building space and building more functions

simple grouped together, but through a systematic, hierarchical and there is a sequence

of science, precision space design composite made, compared to the traditional single

building, a composite and complex special point.

Complex spatial organization, there are three levels of content. The first is a

comprehensive urban architecture combination of body and urban space structure.

Building complex is not isolated in the city, which should be the first space and the

overall integration of the city constitute the building, which including content

transportation, recreation, landscape and other aspects. Secondly, the interior of each

building complex spatial organization between the functions of the system, complex

internal organization should hand through some space sections and elements, these

spaces functional subsystems will combine together to form a scientific and orderly,

clearly structured space systems. Again, that is the space inside the complex system

between different spatial organization and structure design. Typically the overall need

for external space design and layout, Then the system’s internal space planning, design

and finally the unit space, but each level is the mutual influence, and therefore during

the general layout should also be taken into account not functional space with nature,

quantity and transportation, land use and other factors, in order to achieve system

function optimize.
During the design process, it should be used according to the nature of partition

centralized arrangement, in order to facilitate the management and use. It should also

be the logistics and management as a separate stand-alone system for managing

complex, such as administration, cargo transportation [2].

While paying attention to certain functions (such as commercial building complex, office

building complex, exhibition building complex, etc.) space design should focus on

spatial design and layout capabilities in accordance with its emphasis. Forming a

complex function of the system that is independent and overlapping system of systems

to facilitate in which to work, live, play and ease of information exchange. To prevent

this were two extremes, one function strictly in accordance with the division, not

mutually stimulate the formation and effective use of nonflexible function space divided

form, the second is too much emphasis on the excitation function of the neglect of the

relative function between the functional independence and the emergence of chaos,

chaotic phenomenon.

Also worth noting is that the function is also linked to the needs and spatial organization

in order to effectively unifies the spatial organization and functional organization, better

play architecture and function. Such as commercial facilities, as far as possible close to

the crowd, easy to transport and crowd evacuation, roads and high-rise podium position

of the lower portion or the transport of goods. For the office, room, apartment,

residential space it has strong privacy requirements for quieter environment, vision,

good landscape, so from the layout for the arrangement should avoid the crowd of more
streets, select quiet, beautiful secondary roads. Functional layout can be superimposed

on each other, side by side, inclusive, or separation, in particular the design should be

comprehensive and balanced consideration of all aspects of design and land by Intuit,

landscape, transportation, technology cost and other functions based on specific

projects.

To understand and experience the man-made environments, the spatial elements and

their relational or configuration properties must be clarified (Dursun & Saglamer, 2003).

Configuration occurs when there is a shift in the relationships between spaces based on

how we respond to each other. Therefore, configuration definitions deal with the way a

system of spaces is connected together to form a pattern, rather than the more localized

properties of any given space. It is then only right that architects envision spaces as a

living organism during the design process. However, to conceive human utilization

within the design, the architect has to use his or her personal experience as a reference

(Sisman & Çebi, 2015). This means that the designer has no way of testing real human

dimensions before the design is produced or utilized. Inevitably, the end result is a

space for human habitation built without human trials. It is at this confluence that the

designer feels the need for methods and tools that will allow the process to test the

design suggestions.