Name: Period: Date:

Chapter 13: The Union in Peril

1848-1861
Main Causes of the Civil War
Slavery Constitutional Disputes Economic Differences Political Blunders and
Extremism
It was a main cause because This was a big point because It was a main cause because it It was a min point because the
the south thrived on it and the the north and south disagreed separated the north and south politicians lost control and the
north did not have slavery and on a lot of things such as war broke out
they disagreed with it slavery and rights

In 5 words, what argument does Lincoln make about the cause of the
Civil War? (In your own words)
The south left the union

You will obtain this information throughout the chapter

Union Confederacy
Region: north Region:south

States: Maine, New York, New Hampshire, Vermont, States: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama,
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas.
and Ohio

Conflict Over Status of Territories

There was the war of new Mexico, battles with England, battle over Florida, and the Lewis
What are the territories and Clark exploration and the Louisiana purchase
in question and how did
the United States get the
territories?

This was a unsuccessful proposal to ban slavery

Wilmot Proviso
 Free Soil Party Position Southern Position
The free soil party political position was center The southerners position was bottom

Compromise: Popular
Sovereignty
What does the term
“popular sovereignty” mean?
This was a doctrine that gave the choice to people that lived in a specific region to choose the power vested in
their leader people

Which cause(s) does this event best reflect? (It is unlikely to be all of them, reflect appropriately)
 Slavery  Constitutional  Economic  Political Blunders/
Extremism
The Election of 1848
Lewis Cass Martin Van Buren Zachary Taylor
Political Party: Political Par Political Party:
He was a he was a He was a
Democrat democrat democrat

Position: Position:
He strongly
S supported the union Position:
12th us presidnt
8th us preident

Winner Loser
Winner Loser
Winner Loser
How does this election illustrate the divide among Americans?

It sowed that there are a lot political views that people agree with and some disagree with
 Causes Henry Clay’s Proposal
Highlight the parts you think are the biggest problems.
The Explain why.

Califo The confederates

rnia would not like that
Gold because they
Rush large quantities of gold wouldn’t make profit
reserves

They would get upset

because they couldn
trade to get more
slaves

Presi He won the Mexican war and

dent was named a hero and thats
Taylo why he won
r

The
It passed because of a political
Party agreeing to pass it
it separated the slave and non slave
Daniel Webster
C states
His agreed with the comporimise of 1850

o
m How
&
p
He just simply refused to agree the his
r Why
proposal
John C. Calhoun
o did it
pass
m ?

is Effec Stephan A. Douglas

ts He didn’t agree because he said it only
e stimulated the rich

o
f
1
8
5
Debates & Arguments
 Agitation Over Slavery
The Fugitive Slave Law Underground Railroad

Dates:1850 Dates:from late 1700 to 1850

Purpose: it all alowed to capture runaway slaves

People: Isaac Hopper, John Brown, Harriet Tubman, Thomas Garrett, William
Still,

Opposition & Effects: there were less slaves, but man escaped to
Canada and were never caught

Description: this was a way of helppiung slaves escape to Canada for free
dome

Explain the cause and effect relationship between the Fugitive Slave Law and the Underground Railroad
There were more escapes than catches and a lot of slaves got free

This was a novel about anti slavery and Southern Reaction & Effects of Law and Literature
Books & Literature

how he helped the under ground railroad

They were not very happy and didn’t see anything bad about slavery but they were more
upset it would be taken away

This was a book talking about abolishing

slavery it also helped show why slavery
was so bad
 What trends are illustrated in the chart?
The free states did better in each category than the slave states

What most significant effects do you think the trends on the chart could have?
It made the north more richer and they had better things than the south

Books, Which cause(s) of the Civil War does this event best reflect? (It is unlikely to be all of them,
Underground reflect appropriately)
RR, Fugitive  Slavery  Constitutional  Economic  Political
Slave law Blunders/
Extremism

The Election of 1852

National Parties in Crisis

General Winfield Scott Franklin Pierce

Political Party: Political Party:
Whig party democratic party

Position:
He fought the Mexican American Position:
war He fought the Mexican
American war and ran
for president

Winner Winner Loser

Loser

Violence & Extremism

Repealed the…
This happened in 1854 and it was to set land for Kansas and Nebraska it was done so that new facilities could be made Missouri compromise
The Kansas
Nebraska Act
(Who, what, when)

What happened? Why did it happen?

This was when people in Kansas just fought each other for what rights they because some people wanted the state to be pro slavery and some
Believe the state should have people were against

“Bleeding
Kansas”

Caning of This was when Preston brooks beat Sumner with a cane because he made a speech that
was intentionally offending slave owners
Senator
Summer

Which cause(s) does this event best reflect? (It is unlikely to be all of them, reflect appropriately)
 Slavery  Constitutional  Economic  Political Blunders/ Extremism
 Birth of New Political Parties
What happened to the Who is the Know-Nothing Party and what is their platform? Birth of the Republican Party
Whig Party & why?
It collapsed in the 1850s This was a party that was against immigrants and they were The raepublican party which is also known as the gop
Due to the Kansas against Catholics was founded in Wisconsin march 20th 1854 it was like
Nebraska act and it made the north against the south but as politics
big chaos and every one
started fighting

Which cause(s) of the Civil War does this event best reflect? (It is unlikely to be all of them, reflect appropriately)
 Slavery  Constitutional  Economic  Political Blunders/ Extremism

The Election of 1856

Winner Political Party Terms Platform & Positions

James Buchanan Democratic party One term

He tried to help the union by preventing
Northern antislavery groups and he
enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act
 Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
Who was involved, what was the situation?

Dred Scott and Stanford. Dread Scott was fighting about how if he was a slave and moved to a free state he should
Be entitled freedom

What was the argument in court?

how if he was a slave and moved to a free state he should Be entitled freedom and

What did the court rule?

They favored 7-2 which meant that stand ford won and that Scott lost they also argues that blacks cant win
b because they are black

Reaction & Effects

As a result, the Missouri compromise was nullified and they made free and slave states equal

Which cause(s) of the Civil War does this event best reflect? (It is unlikely to be all of them, reflect appropriately)
 Slavery  Constitutional  Economic  Political Blunders/ Extremism

How could the Dred Scott case have a cause & effect relationship
with the 14th Amendment, passed in 1868, after the Civil War?

After the civil war, the 14th amendment would have a lowed
Scott to get a citizenship and be free
 The Lincoln – Douglas Debates
What did the two say to each other? What were the big debate points and challenges?

If slavery is not Douglas didn’t

wrong nothing is Douglas said that there
This government cannot see slavery as a
wrong should be no slavery if
endure permanently half moral issue the community does not
slave and half free
pass a law for it (slave
code)

Lincoln had strong facts about

what was right and Douglas did
not make any sense He angered the
south with the
slave code

He lost his
He emered from his party as a campaign by
national figure and a leading alienating the
contender and won southern
What was the significance or effects of this debate? democrats

Lincoln forced Douglas to defend the doctrine of popular sovereignty in

relation to the issue of slavery
 The Road to Secession

Describe the conflict over tariffs

a tariff hurts the ability of foreigners to sell in domestic markets

Which cause(s) of the Civil War does this event best reflect? (It is unlikely to be all of them, reflect appropriately)
Slavery Constitutional Economic Political Blunders/ Extremism

John Brown’s Raid at Harper’s Ferry

What Happened & Why?
Abolitionist John Brown leads a small group on a raid
against a federal armory in Harpers Ferry, Virginia
Results Do you think abolitionist societies such as the
American Anti- Slavery Society should support
actions such as John Brown’s?
start an armed slave revolt and destroy the institution of
slavery.
No because he used violence and most anti-slavery
groups weren’t violent

Which cause(s) of the Civil War does this event best reflect? (It is unlikely to be all of them, reflect appropriately)
 Slavery  Constitutional  Economic  Political Blunders/ Extremism
 The Election of 1860
The Breakup of the Democratic Party The Republican Nomination of Lincoln The Constitutional Union Party

Candidate 1: Abraham Lincoln Candidate: Abraham Lincoln Candidate: Stephan Douglas

Candidate 2: Stephen Douglas Platform: he was a republican Platform: he was a democrat

Why were there two candidates?

Because the democratic party weas split

Southern Reaction How/with whom did this party form?

They reacted by eventually seceding from the union
Andrew Jackson and martin van burin

Election Results: Election Results: Election Results:

Popular Vote Electoral Count Popular Vote Electoral Count Popular Vote Electoral Count
1,855,993 180 1,855,993 180 1,381,944 120
1,381,944 120

Why would this be significant in causing the South to secede?

Because they knew if Abraham won the south would go bad
 Secession of the Deep South

Who seceded first? Which remaining states followed? Crittenden Compromise

South Carolina Mississippi, Florida This was a unsuccessful

attempt to ban slavery
Alabama, Georgia
Louisiana, Texas

Why didn’t President What was the justification for

Buchanan do anything? secession?
He said that there was no They claimed that them being forced to
right preventing the south eliminate slavery was unlawful
from seceding

Historical Perspectives: What Caused the Civil War?

Arguments of Historians in the Years Following the Civil WarArguments of Historians in the Progressive Era
(1900-1917)
Some historians say they withdrew troops to occupy it
They say that the us wanted to trade with china

Arguments of Historians by the 1920’s &
1930’s
They argue that that the war of 1846
Made long economic problems
Arguments of Historians during the Civil Rights
They are more offended by the racist words now
Movement
Then then

Why do historian’s arguments change over time?

Because they find more evidence over time and start piecing it together