UNIT 2 – DIAGNOSING & INTERVENING FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS

Name: Rica Balungag Block: E Date: 10, 13, 20

Short Answer Questions
Directions: For items 1-2, write your answers to the Check Your Understanding (pink boxes) questions
here.

1) What cardiac isoenzymes are prescribed in a suspected acute myocardial infraction as they are
highly sensitive and specific?

2) What could possibly be the reason(s) why patients with cardiovascular disease usually have
these nursing diagnoses?

a) Excess fluid volume

Patient with cardiovascular disease has this nursing diagnosis because when
heart weakens and pumps blood less effectively fluid can build up because of
hydrostatic pressure creating edema, in this condition kidney fail to function
properly that can result excess of fluid.

b) Decreased cardiac output

The patient has this diagnosis because when heart doesn’t pumps enough blood
to supply body and tissues and the blood flow that supplies the heart is also
decreases therefore decrease cardiac output occurs. Blood then is insufficient
and making difficult to circulate the blood to all parts of the body this may
altered heart rate.

c) Ineffective tissue perfusion

Due to decreased cardiac output patient have this nursing diagnosis because
when there is decreased preload and stoke volume there is decreased blood
pumped out from the heart. Decrease in stroke volume decreases perfusion
throughout the body.

d) Impaired skin integrity

e) Activity intolerance
Heart is unable to pump the amount of blood required to meet all the body’s
needs. As a result, patient with CVD often feel weak (especially extremities),
tired and have difficulty perfuming ordinary activities.

f) Pain

Patient with cardiovascular disease have this nursing diagnosis because they
experiencing angina pectoris (chest pain), chest pressure, pain or discomfort in
the arms, left shoulder, elbows, jaw or back.
g) Ineffective individual coping
Patient having cardiovascular disease may have difficulty in dealing with a
situation without a help of others.

h) Fear
Cardiovascular disease is a chronic condition that patient may experience sense
of fear with regards of the symptoms, treatment modalities and prognosis of
the disease.
i) Anxiety
Anxiety is profoundly frequent among patient with CVD with nearly 30% of
patients have clinically significant anxiety symptoms. Anxiety may make it more
challenging for patients with CVD to follow recommendations for diet, exercise
and medication use.