OUTLOOK AND BEHAVIOR

I. Quiz optimist, Realist, or Pessimist?

1. You wake up in the middle of the night with a stomachache. Your fi rst
thought is...
“It’s probably nothing serious. I’ll just take some medicine.” 2 points
2. You apply for your “dream job,” but you don’t get it. You think...
“I guess this wasn’t really my dream job. I’ll fi nd a better job somewhere else.”
1 point
3. When you are introduced to someone new, you...
keep an open mind about whether you’ll like each other. 2 points
4. If someone unexpectedly knocks on your door, you think...
“I wonder who that could be. I’ll go fi nd out.” 2 points
5. Your boss invites you to have lunch in a restaurant. You say to
yourself...
“My boss must like to socialize with everyone from time to time.” 2 points
6. News about crime or disasters makes you...
realize that sometimes bad things happen. 2 points
Total points 11 points.
Result: 10–14 POINTS You’re a realist. You tend to see the world as it really is.

ll. UNDERSTAND IDIOMS AND EXPRESSIONS Find the following

expressions in Spotlight. Choose the meaning that more closely explains
each one.
1 It’s just a matter of time.
R/ b It will certainly happen in the future.
2 Hey, what are you going to do?
R/ b What plans do you have?
3 This has started getting to me.
R/ a This is beginning to bother me.
4 You’ve got to roll with the punches.
R/ a You have to deal with life’s difficulties and move on.
5 You’re just a sitting duck out there.
R/ a There’s nothing you can do to protect yourself.
6 Better safe than sorry.
R/ a It’s better to stay safe and have no regrets.

III. CLASSIFY THE VOCABULARY On the chart, classify the adjectives from
the Vocabulary, and other adjectives you know, according to your opinion. Then
discuss with a partner.
Are always positive
Polite, friendly, punctual, interesting, intelligent, nice.
Can be either
Liberal, conservative, independent
Are always negative
Impolite, rude, unfriendly.

IV. Vocabulary word. Then write the reason you feel the vocabulary
applies to that person.

A sweetheart.
Name: Sherri
Reason: always smiling and willing to help others.

A team player   
Name: lione Messi
Reason: He has a lot of talent playing and is a good leader on the court.

An optimist. 
Name: Daniel M.
Reason: she see the bright side of things. They think things are going to work
out

A people person.  
Name: Claudia toro.
Reason: She is warm, outgoing, and an excellent listener.

A tyrant
Name: Hitler
Reason: he abuse power, he is bad, and fight for their own benefit.

A workaholic
Name: leo my boss
Reason: because he has an excessive and uncontrollable need for work on a
constant basis.

A paint in the neck.

Name: Duque
Reason: he is irritant and annoyance.

A pessimist.

Name: Carlos
Reason: his opinion is negative and afraid to make decisions.

V. Practice. Look at the adjectives with suffixes -ful and -less. Then write
down five sentences.
I'm a careful driver, comply with the traffic regulations.
The king is the most powerful character of the game chess.
My cat gets very restless at loud sounds.
The people who mistreat animals are very pitiless.
The death of my pet was very painful for me.

VI. Write the following gerunds and infinitive from the sentences above
into the correct category on the chart below.

Subject complement Object Subject

 To make Calling Sharing

VII. Write the verbs into the correct category on the chart below.
- Verb followed by  infinitives    (Decide)         
- Verb followed by  gerunds       (Consider)    
- Verb followed by  gerunds or infinitives (Prefer)

VIII. Circle the correct letter to complete each statement.

1. Prepositions can be followed by _ a. gerunds _.

a. gerunds                                b. infinitives

2. Adjectives can be followed by _ b. infinitives _.

a. gerunds                                 b. infinitives

IX. Write sentences, using each of the following words according to the
instructions.
1. swimming

a. (as the subject of a sentence) swimming is a very difficult sport.

b. (as a direct object) I went swimming with some friends yesterday
2. driving

a. (as a direct object). My friend is driving the red car.

b. (as an object of the preposition to) I am committed to driving around the

country.
3. studying

a. (as the object of the preposition of) These are days of studying not leisure.

b. (as a subject complement) I am studying the new contract.

4. to permit

a. (as the subject of a sentence) To permit the use of facemasks in the

university is important.
b. (as a direct object) The mayor chose to permit the continuation of the
parades.

5. to see
a. (as a direct object) I went to see the sky full of stars.

b. (as a subject complement) I was happy to see you coming.

X. Write sentences with too and the following adjectives and an infinitive
phrase. Use your own ideas.
1. hardworking 

Peter loves to work in his robots too much, he is hardworking in all

related.

He is to hadworkig too holliday.

2. easygoing.

My father used to meditate too often, he was an easygong person.

My father used to meditate, he was too easy going.

3. Young.

We enjoy to watch horror movies but my little sister is too young for that.

4. important.

to plant trees is too important for all of us.

5. weak.

Or she is to weak.

I would like to train rugby but i am too weak.

C. Write sentences with enough and the following adjectives and an

infinitive phrase. Use your own ideas.

Sujeto verbo adverbio enough infinitivo.

1.talkative

She is to haven enough the talkative.

2. old

My father is to young enough for be forty years old.

3. early
I expect to graduate enougt early for be in university.

4. intelligent.

Marie is to be enough the intelligent for solve the exam.

5. happy

My cousin is to young enough for enjoy and be happy.

D. Complete each statement with a gerund or an infinitive.

1. I often choose going (go) to bed right after dinner.

2. They decided to stay home (stay home) and stream a video.

3. We really dislike eating (eat) a lot of fat.

4. My father is practicing to be (be) an orchestra conductor.

5. No one minds having to (have to) cook dinner for a friend.

6. She can’t stand driving (drive) in the rain.

7. I expect to graduate (graduate) next year.

8. If you want to learn English, I’d suggest to practice (practice) a lot.

FIGURE IT OUT . . .

Circle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which word do you start the sentence with to state a fact or an opinion using
an infinitive?

a. To                                                                 (b. It)

2. What information does an infinitive provide?

a. the purpose of an action                                     b. the effect of an action.

3. Which word comes before the adjective?

(a. too)                                       b. enough

FIGURE IT OUT . . .
Circle the correct letter to complete the statement.

1. Some verbs must have a noun or pronoun before the infinitive in the
_____________ voice.

a. active                                         b. passive

Fill in the blanks.

2. What are some verbs that require a noun or pronoun before an infinitive?

Permit, teach, invite, force, instruct, order, pay.

FIGURE IT OUT . . .

Fill in the blanks.

1. What are some verbs that can be used with or without a noun or pronoun
object in the active voice?

Like, wants, asked.

Look at the statement with a negative infinitive.

They advised us not to come late to the meeting.

FIGURE IT OUT . . .

Circle the correct letter to complete the statement.

1. To make an infinitive negative, place not ____ the infinitive.

a. before                                                    b. after

EXERCISE 2

A. Unscramble the sentences.

1. about / I / the problem. / to know / want / you

i want about you to know the problem.

2. an accident. / caused / Fred’s texting / to have / us

Fred’s texting caused to have us an accident.

3. a language. / requires / students / The school / to learn

The school requires students to learn a language.

4. as much as / encourages / results. / Nothing / to succeed / us

Nothing encourages to succeed us as much as results.

5. Everyone / me / not / to smoke. / warned

Everyone warned me not to smoke.

6. law. / my mom / persuaded / This book / to study

This book persuaded my mom to study law.

7. forbid / more than / The school rules / to miss / students / three classes.

The school rules students forbid to miss more than three classes.

8. a doctor / about / convinced / her / her headaches. / Liz’s friends / to see

Liz’s friends her convinced to see a doctor about her headaches.

9. invited / me / No one / the wedding. / to attend

No one invited to attend me the wedding.

B. Complete each statement or question with a negative infinitive.

1. She convinced everyone not to eat lunch at their desks.

2. Our friends warned us . not to go the park raining.

3. Did the manager remind them not to go to day

4. We have always been taught not to forget the birthday of the family.

5. The bank tells employees not to make the party to tomorrow.

6. I hate it when the law forces people to pay taxes.

7. The store ordered shoppers not to eat in the shop.

C. Complete each statement or question with a negative gerund.

1. Not speaking (speak) English isn’t permitted in our class.

2. They admitted not going (go) to class yesterday.

3. I have to practice not talking (talk) so much and listening more.

4. She suggested not taking (take) the children to see that film.

5. What are the consequences of not going (go) to the meeting?

Reading Strategies

“Facebook Saves the Day”

ACTIVITY 1.-

Which section:

1. _B_suggests that Virginia thinks her husband is often a little careless? 

2._C_ explains why Phil thought it was unlikely they would get the camera
back?

3._D_ mentions that Adam had mixed feelings looking at the family’s pictures?

4._E_ states that many people collaborated in finding the camera’s owner?

5. _D_describes how Adam came up with the idea of using social media to
help?

6._A_ says that the Coopers had enjoyed their trip?

7._E_ gives an example of a negative view people have of social media?

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

A. Answer the questions, according to information in the article.

1. How did the Coopers’ vacation end?

The family vacations ended with the loss of his camera, which then Adam found
the camera and gave it to the Cooper family
2. Where did the family go on vacation?
They went to the beaches of Cape Cod in New England.
3. How does Virginia describe Phil?

Virginia describes Phil as a distracted person.

4. When did Phil remember what he had done with the camera?
The family Coope discovered the camera was missing when they got home.
Then Phil suddenly remembered placing the camera on the top of the car.

5. What did Phil think happened to the camera?

Phil remembered placing the camera on the top of the car.

6. What did Adam Secrest do with a photo from the camera?

Adam posted the photo on Facebook and urged his friends to share it, with on
message.

7. How does Secrest feel about social media?

according to Adam says that social networks are powerful and useful.

CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS

B. In your own words, explain what the following quotes mean.

1. What did Virginia Cooper mean by “Phil has always been a little
absentminded, but this takes the cake”?

Phil's distraction is already too much.

2. What did Adam Secrest mean by “I felt sort of like a snoop, but my
spying was purposeful”?

Because Adam searched the chamber for evidence to find out who it was from
and to deliver it.

GUESSING MEANING FROM CONTEXT

Learn to use the context of a reading to determine possible meanings of

unfamiliar words.

Practice. Look at the highlighted words in context and choose the best definition
for each.

Explain your answers.

1. “Phil has always been a little absent-minded, but this takes the cake,” Virginia
said with an affectionate smile.

absent-minded

a. not present           b. forgetful                            c. concerned

affectionate
a. caring                       b. upset                            c. insincere

2. “I felt sort of like a snoop, but my spying was purposeful,” he said. “I was
looking for clues to the owner’s identity, and I was optimistic that I would find
something.”

purposeful

a. focused                       b. reasonable                            c. possible

identity

a. belongings              b. family                                         c. name

optimistic

a. happy                     b. hopeful                                      c. doubtful

3. In a burst of creative thinking, Secrest thought someone might recognize the

girls, so he posted the photo on Facebook and urged his friends to share it, with
this message: “Do you know these kids from Weston, New Jersey? I found a
camera with this photo in Barton, Massachusetts, and want to locate the owner.
Please share.”

burst

a. creative writing          b. loud explosion                    c. sudden thought

recognize

a. tell                                  b. friend                                     c. know

urged

a. recommended               b. supported                           c. asked