g a\e h= 6. yca-single correct : aT At equilibrium, Cn =P aT Thea at 4 3 So heat capacity C = 4? 44 BT From the given equation So ti = (T()-Te)° BTS 4P So= =(1()—To) — T (t) a To BT, 1 =t4 0 Scanned with CamScanner382 2, , —Prooiee) x t= msAT. 53] 10°F) 03 13600 = 120 x4.2 «10°20 = P= 2067 3 oye 2 => monoatomic gas From first law of thermodynamics H=W+au W=P,AV = 700 AU = nc, AT =3 oe = BIFM -RM] =~ Es. So, H=W+ AU=588J 4. From given data; Reo 1 Rrs 2 so, T-10= = T= 140° As a function of x, T(x) = 10 +130 x => AT(x) = T(x) - 10 = 130x Extension in a small element of length dx is dé = cAT(x)dx = 130 axdx = Net extension 1 C= 130c Pax = Bot 26105 <4 3 2 400-T 2 or, A¢= 0.78 mm. Rate of radiation energy lost by the sphere = Rate of radiation energy incident on it = oxdnr®[T4 ~(300)*]= 912 m2 => T=Vi1x10? = 330K Scanned with CamScannerra 8). (3-5 adn are te densities of gases in the vessel containing the mixture. o " ~F g.e 40 - 0 = 3.16, A (3T)'= 0 2A(T)* aw aT oa Mire 20) yt qee2y {yo=nG,T (Isobarie process) = 2x5Rx(95~30) «2084 wie 16! ae T07? => T2=71(8)= m1 -_ An(work done on the system) = aoe Z grr, . 2) "var PT? = constant ar = constant 3 Heating of glass bulb is by radiation. Rete of heat gain = 1000 - 160 = 840 J/s 3 2x4.2x10? x(77-27) «599 geo = 8 min 20 sec <. Required time = ae 840 By definition, Be_2P___(1.165-1.01)x10" _ 4 65498 a oe Scanned with CamScanner384 When a non black body Is placed inside a hollow enclosure the total radiation from the bo, raat) thy 19, ‘sum of what it would emit in the open ( with e<1 ) and the part (1-a) of the incidey the walls reflected by it. The two add up to a black body radiation . Hence the total rare Om emitted by the body is 1.0sAT*, Probably in the examination paper ‘c" is misprinteq agg ti, ‘Temperature of sun would be maximum out of the given three 20, aS Aq T= constant ey for Sun is minimum 21. Wy.2is positive but Ws..3 is negative and more in magnitude cr cr. 2 ge, ge ST sy MRD? BBR and oe! aH = % 23. First temperature increase, then transition phase (liquid to 928) comes during which te Mperature will remain constant, after that temperature increase. 24. agT = constant Tri Te:Ts: Q=ocaT* 180 kcal “lee does not melt completely kn Scanned with CamScanner=x x80 . Amount of water = 5 + 4 =6 kg 100-20 385 axel: re of coating «emissivity, Rate missivity & absorptive power soe! pve Const. differentiating, PdV/dP = vip; p = ~(0N) (dviap) = (WP) sack body isthe brightest object at a given temperature, For eysic process; Qoyere = Wast Wact Wea = 10) + 0+Wea=5u Pp v curve 2is steeper, its y is more, ‘aso, 1= 513 for monoatomic gas and y = 7/5 for diatomic gas. dP ajope of the curve = >= Pre), = Peat = Preoy! (1+ eet) wh 8“ pgo 7 Pree Phyo? (mgt) Where t=60r0. qIR= 2(90- TYR, where R is thermal resistance of one rod. qu=da-dW = dU<0 Femperature decreases as the internal energy decreases. Vesna = (YRTIM)"® {As 7(=CelG) and T are same for both the gases, required ratio equals (mzIm;)"”. qv"'= constant F cp TT a= (VM) = (Lalla), where Yirorosinic = 5/3 During phase changes, temperature remains constant otherwise it increases linearly. For an ideal gas in an isobaric process (AVIVAT) = 1/7, hence 8 = 1/7. Westone > Wscnerat > Wos. => Wo? Wr > Ws. T=Wien's constant/)rin Scanned with CamScanner386 44, 45. 46. a7. 48, 49, 50. 51. For isothermal Tis constant For A: ap = MART : = BET For B: 1.53P = ST Divide both the equation. Using Wein's displacement law. 2n-T = constant Both are diatomic molecules. : Average kinetic energy associated with each degree of freedom is KT Isothermal bulk modulus is equal to the pressure. We know that KEjerage © T 20) and KE average fim? +++(2) Hence we write 2 EME 7, = 300K and Ty= 600K, Ey = 6.31 x10" EB] 3 Be Bee, = 6.21 x 107 x 80 2 42.42. 107) a 300 Me Loy av, fee ze wy et 484 x, [7 = 684 mis Wein's displacement law gives ‘AgT = constant i where 2m is wavelength corresponding to maximum radiation or of the peak of the curve drawn for T => AsTs=AnTn Putting the value of ag = 350 nm and Ayy= 510 nm We get the ratio of the surface temperature of sun (T,) and North Start (Ty)f Ts _s _ 350 _o.69 Tw oy 510 Average translational K.E. of a molecule is directly proportional to absolute temperature Ensaio ® SK Using the ideal gas equation , we get PAV, = nT; andP2V; = nRT2 Hence PLT Pp Th h 2 noa(B)em Scanned with CamScannerPee eee eee wer 'g law, we have B Cfo ryt, O2= (Ara T2’ 2 2 °(T, wa(J2t-T)_(Te-T)ka seat Sep eee Tees on soning =F "E44 BwzT) CCT) 30, eoAT* at msl. eoAT* 4 eoATE vel) me Neo,m= $xr°p and AZT By using (), (i) and (ii) i (0T/At), ( a] } ara), 3 According to Maxwell's distribution of speed, the average speed of molecules of a gasis given by 7M Allthe vessels are at the same temperature T is also v. i.e. V1 same temperature, therefore the average speed of ©, molecules kept at nCaT | Required fraction= nCpAT & 7 Thermal stress o = YaA0 Butoy= 09 = YyorA0 = ¥20280 im Yp oy 2 > Scanned with CamScannerLet R, and R; be the thermal resistance of inner and outer cylinder respectively. Cy for mixture is given by 61. +n, ce Sn te, -) my +My Com = RS Yee = 21.5 cy Required amount of heat can be calculated as Q = (1.1 + 0.02) x 10° x 1 x (80—15)=72.8 keg Mass of the steam m= 8 -0.135 kg 63. Byusing first law SQ = AU + AW at constant value AQ = AU 70= AU+2x2x5=>AU= 50 64. oy, | (oe = ay : Work done during cyclic process is area enclosed in p-V diagram 65. Comprehension 1. Wis243=PoVp - ir AU} +243 =O, (T,-T.) = 1 3(3P,V, -PeVp)= RTo AQ 2435 au+w=SRT, AQ;2= nCpAT = S12 =P)Vp) = Wy 2432 Wi2 +Wo.3 = R, Bn +0= Fain Scanned with CamScannera9 sat SO a Ba Ry). 2 a7 av) 4% fore {ey a9 este Ly ' m4 Be 10-01, a a Ff ots [ov BB os I 4) ves se prrin2 oP » APE #612) pu 3 agree hi et aniinvation is on isochinic process ttt re ern A DS aSisbatic, which ts used in Laplace connection ones Wertent Van Sor sexs gti 2 oa ge boy Somer cornpartnent = 275R-(700-T) pencnanedie pe crpintsk = 2 FRAT A) Si) ng TK [ an: | 1g () 209 Gi) eat) a1 (0-400) Up wat #17 ~ 2000 gaz T = 400K pea guen by lower compartment = 2/$R(709-T) DB) eaattined by upper companment = 27 ZR/(T ~400) fi) 84 equating (i) and Gi) 5(700-T) = 7(T - 400) h-5T = TT-2200 6200 12T T2525 | 2. Work done by lower gas = nRAT =~ 250R Wat. done by upper gas = nRAT = +250 R Network done - 100 R Buoyant force is reaultant of pressure-force of liquid. FT] =PLTTY Pe=Ps+ 9, QH,T1= To Pa=Pot o,(H—y) 61Ng= Buayancy force = ama Scanned with CamScannerC—O he 7/8 fosmid Pepgl Pz = Po+ peat - ¥) 12, Mg+ PGR’) = Por? (PyVi # PAV2 for Isothermal procoss) Po(2ixR’) = POKRR’) - ve xR*Polo re HyxR? 0 a) Rea. notte H) Sonny OG, we get the answer. MCQ-Multi Correct 544 = PAV} -(%) => P= Pox 2°7=9.2Pp Vo Ae PoVo plea : 18 "erry ao TVetsTV T= (4) =T,(4)"* =2.3T Average kinetic energy of the gas mixture = 5x SRT +1 ZRT=10RT = 23 RTo 3. Process I! is an isothermal expansion Process IV is an isothermal compression Inisobaric process, volume is directly proportional to temperature. Scanned with CamScannery body remains unchanged even after change in room temperature. ot 05 the ection depends upon the surface area, ‘ ened ien's Ia Jet = constant ne saament breaks up the temperature of lament wil be higher so according to wei law ‘ (x . i ek 1 «the filament emits more light at higher band of frequencies. asvatage '§ constant, s0 consumed electrical power is P = v ith increase in temperature so . s 8 es vr nt te bub. P the filament consumes less electrical power kx ressure of gas) = Py+7 Pe ke? (Pp=P,(Vo-V4 [Pav 2PM) =e Mi END 3 suendsT= 5(P2V2-PM) q-w+au 5PM P, case I: AU= SPV, W= 3 Ussing = = PM =PM case ll: AU= > + Ussang = a | wot: A and G wil be tru afer assuming pressure tothe right of piston has constant value Ps. us ne,,T+nCy,T 3 > RTD GRT= 4RT = 2y,T=4RT ‘Average energy per mole = 2RT => Cy,, = 2R Con, [tom )f Me) - B34. 6 Cae Witte Jl) V2" 5° 3° VE Map 1 4, Option (A) is correct because the graph between (0 - 100 K) appears to be a straight line upto a reasonable approximation. Option (B) is correct because area under the curve in the temperature range (0 - 100 K) is less than in range (400 - 500 K.) Orton (C)is correct because the graph of C versus T is constant in the temperature range (400 - 00 K) d Option (0) is Gorrect because in the temperature range (200 - 300 K) specific heat capacity increases with temperature. Scanned with CamScanner392 10. 17. Let width of each rod is d | = pal : a eS : etd Rs Fad - < ~ R Process ABis isothermal process For Monoatomic gas geese S GQ SR, p= SR For datomic gas c= Sr o=Zr 2 3 AQ=AU+W For process B+ C->D AU is negative as well as Wis also negative vpn PE, oo PE, p= FEE, a= EE, vem Let e, = thermal emissivity of body eg = thermal emissivity of body B = 0.81. Given that, the two bodies emit total radiant power at the same rate. i.e. oTa‘eq = oTs‘es where o = Stefan's constant. v4 V4 Ta _( 20 (334) 3 Ta _ 580: ma.{Se] -(/223) . > TT yataS. 7 Ts (2 0.04 3s Again, given that 25 - 2 = According to Wein's displacement law, da _Ta_1 a dala = Pols iei, = B ~1x10m= 2ig =1x10°%m dg = 1.5 pm On P-V diagram the work done will be the area under P-V curve and volume axis. The isothermal and the given straight line can be plotted as shown. It shows that work done in case of isotherm will be less than that of the straight line, from A to B. Now the straight line AB, in equation form can be written as : Poy, 3 pose )vse (1) 2 Scanned with CamScanner: 393 sing 995 equation PV = nRT, we can write two equations: 2nRTV wy jest these equation show parabote . aT seem equation (1) 70 (or maximum 7) 3M = FoN0 2 Veg” and Tae = “ER ce A, B& Dare correct. guenQaT = nG(T2-T) _ARTP, 2My en be MatiK 1 is adiabatic process, hence Q=0 2is isobaric, hence W= P-AV = 6 PiVp 3is isochoric, hence W = 0 Process 4 is isothermal pv""?4 = constant for F to H. @2Pe)VE2 = POVES = Vn= 8Vo For pathFG PV= constant = G2PON0= PoV'o = Vo = 32V0 Work done in GE = 31 PcVo ‘Work done in GH = 24 PoVo RM, Work done in FH = 36P.Vo Work done in FG = RT In (#) = 160P,Vdn2. 3. ProcessA->B > Isobaric compression Process B+ C > Isochoric process Process C > D > __Isobaric expansion Process D> A > Polytropic with T, = To Subjective 1. 5(s)(50)+5L = C(30) oi) 80(s)(20) = C(30) wii) +: from () and (i) grz7ore + 270.00 In steady state, heat current in both material is same K,(300-200)A _K,(200-100)4A __K, eee ees v K, Scanned with CamScanner