WHAT IS A HUMAN PERSON?

HUMAN - THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, THE BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A PERSON.

PERSON - TALKS ABOUT THE KIND OF LIFE WE ARE LIVING. TALKS ABOUT HUMANITY.
LIVING FOR HUMANITY.

TWO DIFFERENT APPROACH ON HOW TO DEFINE A HUMAN PERSON

1. METAPHYSICAL APPROACH
FOCUSES ON THE ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF A HUMAN.
KINDS OF SUBSTANCES, MATERIALS AND CAPACITIES THAT MAKE UP A PERSON.
"WHAT IS A HUMAN PERSON?"

2. EXISTENTIAL APPROACH
FOCUSES ON THE ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF A PERSON.
KIND OF LIFE OR MODE OF EXISTENCE OF A HUMAN PERSON.
"WHO IS A HUMAN PERSON?"

WHAT IS A HUMAN PERSON? (ACCORDING TO METAPHYSICAL APPROACH)

IT DEFINES A PERSON ACCORDING TO ITS:

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES - BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
SOUL - THE LIVE GIVING FUNCTION
MIND - IDENTIFIED AS CONSCIOUSNESS
SPIRIT - NON-BODILY COMPONENT

UNDER METAPHYSICAL APPROACH, THE 3 VIEWS THAT EXPLAINS WHAT CONSISTS OF HUMANS.

1. UNSPIRITED BODY VIEW

UNDER THIS, A PERSON IS COMPOSED OF A HUMAN BODY ONLY, PHYSICAL AND
BIOLOGICAL.
NO SUCH THING AS SOUL, MIND AND SPIRIT.
BEHAVIORIST, UNDER BEHAVIORISM, ALL ACTIONS AND HAPPENINGS ARE NOT
CONNECTED
WITH DESTINY. BUT THEY ARE PRODUCTS OF OUR BEHAVIOR. WE CANNOT
BLAME
THINGS WITH DESTINY.

2. DISEMBODIED SPIRIT VIEW

UNDER THIS, A PERSON IS COMPOSED OF A HUMAN BODY AND A SPIRIT.
HOWEVER, THE BELIEVERS OF THIS VIEW THINKS THAT HUMAN BODY IS NOT
ESSENTIAL.
THE BODY IS NOT IMPORTANT.
BELIEVERS:
A. PLATO - SPIRIT IS NOT DEPENDENT WITH OUR HUMAN BODY. HE
BELIEVES
THAT THERE IS A THING CALLED WORLD OF IDEAS, WHICH IS A
PERFECT
WORLD WHERE SPIRITS ARE FOUND. IF SPIRITS ARE HERE, THEY
KNOW
EVERYTHING. BUT WHEN ONCE A SPIRIT REUNITES WITH A HUMAN
BODY
THAT IS THE TIME WHEN THE SOUL WILL FORGET ALL THE
KNOWLEDGE.
WHEN SOMEONE DIES, THE SPIRIT WILL RETURN TO THE SO-CALLED
WORLD OF IDEAS AND AGAIN WILL WAIT FOR A NEW HUMAN BODY.
THIS PROCESS IS CALLED REINCARNATION.

B. RENE DESCARTES - ACCORDING TO HIM, WE HAVE TWO COMPONENTS

WHICH
ARE HUMAN BODY, AND SPIRIT, WHICH HE REFERS AS "MIND."
HUMAN BODY HAS NO FREE WILL, NO ACTIONS, IF MIND IS NOT
PRESENT. THAT IS THE REASON WHY THE HUMAN BODY IS DEPENDENT
WITH THE SPIRIT. BECAUSE WITHOUT IT, YOU CANNOT DO THINGS.
IT GIVES US THE FREE WILL AND FREEDOM, TO DO THINGS.
"I THINK THEREFORE I AM."
WHAT YOUR SPIRIT OR MIND THINKS, THAT WILL BECOME YOU.

3. EMBODIED SPIRIT VIEW

UNDER THIS, THE PERSON IS BELIEVED TO HAVE A HUMAN BODY, AND SPIRIT.
HOWEVER, IN THE EMBODIED SPIRIT VIEW. IT IS BELIEVED THAT THE HUMAN
BODY,
AND THE SPIRIT UNITES. THE UNITY OF THE TWO. THE HUMAN BODY CANNOT
EXIST
INDEPENDENTLY, SAME WITH THE SPIRIT. IT NEEDS TO BE TWO. UNLIKE
DISEMBODIED,
THE HUMAN BODY AND SPIRIT HERE IS DEPENDENT WITH EACH OTHER.
THE SPIRIT HAS ONLY ONE FITTED HUMAN BODY. PARA SA ISA'T ISA. SANA OL.
BELIEVERS:
A. ARISTOTLE - BELIEVES THAT THERE ARE TWO ASPECTS OF A HUMAN
PERSON.
THE MATTER AND THE FORM. THE MATTER IS THE PERSON'S
MATERIAL.
IT IS THE HUMAN BODY. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. BIOLOGICAL
COMPONENTS. WHILE THE FORM, REFERS TO THE SOUL. IT GIVES
US THE CAPCITY TO DO DIFFERENT THINGS. THE FUNCTIONS.
EXAMPLE:
IF A KNIVE IS ALIVE
MATTER: THE METAL
FORM: TO CUT

ACCORDING TO ARISTOTLE THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF SOUL:

1. VEGETATIVE SOUL - IS PRESENT IN PLANTS.

HERE, YOU HAVE THE CAPACITY TO GROW
NOURISH AND TO REPRODUCE.

2. SENSITIVE SOUL - IS PRESENT IN ANIMALS.

THE ADDITIONAL CAPACITIES ARE SENSATION
AND LOCOMOTION.

3. RATIONAL SOUL - IS PRESENT IN US HUMANS.

THE ADDITIONAL CAPACITY IS INTELLIGENCE.
OUR CAPACITY TO THINK, TO DECIDE, TO LIKE,
TO FEEL WHATEVER WE WANT. IT GIVES US FREEDOM.
CAPACITY FOR RATIONAL THINKING AND CRITICAL
THINKING.

B. ST. THOMAS AQUINAS - HE ALSO BELIEVES AT THE EMBODIED SPIRIT

VIEW,
AND ALSO AGREES WITH ARISTOTLE'S DISTINCTION OF SOULS.
BUT WHAT MAKES HIM DIFFERENT IS HE BELIEVES THAT THE
RATIONAL
SOUL HAS A DUAL NATURE, AND HE BELIEVES THAT IT IS
IMMORTAL.
FOR ARISTOTLE, IF THE HUMAN BODY DIES, THE SOUL WILL ALSO
DIE.
BUT FOR HIM, THERE IS A SOUL THAT IS FOR THE BODY, BUT IT
WILL
NOT DIE IMMEDIATELY. BECAUSE HE IS RELIGIOUS, THERE ARE
POSSIBLE THINGS THAT MIGHT HAPPEN.
THE SOUL MAY GO TO THE PRUGATORY, HEAVEN OR HELL.
AND WHEN THE TIME COMES, THE RESSURECTION, THE SOUL WILL
RETURN TO ITS HUMAN BODY. THEY WILL REUNITE ONCE AGAIN.