2009 International Essay Contest For Young People List of Winners

2009 International Essay Contest for Young People
List of Winners
No. of participating countries: 134

No. of entries: 4,506 (Children’s category: 1,445 / Youth category: 3,061)
1st Prize
Children's category (1 entrant) Youth category (1 entrant)
 Our Sea, Our Future  Science and Struggle: The Fusion of Research
Christ Soselisa (Age 11, Indonesia) and Compassion
Parwiz Abrahimi (Age 23, Afghanistan &
U.S.A. <Living in U.S.A.>)
2nd Prize
Children's category (2 entrants) Youth category (2 entrants)
 Building A Smarter Planet  Biodegradable Material for Electronic
Divya Gopinath (Age 11, U.S.A.) Equipment
 Electricity for a Change Hamida Amalia (Age 19, Indonesia)
Amit Jung Himali (Age 11, Nepal)  When Science Meets the World
Phang Wen Bin (Age 20, Malaysia)
3rd Prize
 Motoharu Fuchikawa  Heidi Baumgartner (Age 16, U.S.A.)
(Age 10, Japan <Living in India>)  Lilian Kanaya
 Adeline Tiffanie Suwana (Age 12, Indonesia) (Age 16, USA & Japan <Living in U.S.A.>)
 Mizuki Hashimoto (Age 13, Japan)  Hikari Kunitomo (Age 17, Japan)
 Denzil Furtado (Age 13, Australia)  Kim Pawliw (Age 17, Canada)
 Tatsuhiko Hasemi (Age 14, Japan)  Ruby Karmacharya (Age 21, Nepal)
Honorable Mention
 Sae Takabe (Age 6, Japan <Living in Ghana>)  Fania Octavia (Age 15, Indonesia)
 Sana Ghafoor Rahman (Age 8, U.S.A.)  Christopher W. Eur (Age 16, U.S.A.)
 Mahiro Sena  Narumi Takahashi (Age 16, Japan)
(Age 9, Japan <Living in U.S.A.>)  Shoko Arima
 Chavdar Lalov (Age 9, Bulgaria) (Age 17, Japan <Living in U.S.A.>)
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 Lovely Marian C. Masakayan  Kumiko Kato (Age 17, Japan)
(Age 9, The Philippines)  Hongkeun Jeon (Age 17, South Korea)
 Arjun Soni (Age 10, India)  Abhishek Raman Parajuli (Age 18, Nepal)
 Jimin Kim (Age 10, South Korea)  Paula Szymczak (Age 18, Poland)
 Nur Danya Shamun (Age 10, Maldives)  Milicevic Luka (Age 18, Serbia)
 Yashi Srivastava (Age 11, India)  Anna Malinovskaya (Age 19, Russia)
 Lillith Bulawa (Age 11, U.S.A.)  Ong Yong Ming (Age 19, Singapore)
 Yaislin Rivas (Age 12, Venezuela)  Istrate Irina Stefania (Age 20, Romania)
 Haruka Tada (Age 13, Japan)  Alexey Korenev (Age 21, Russia)
 Rana Miyamoto  Kamil Mroz (Age 22, Canada)
(Age 13, Japan <Living in Russia>)  Ty Rithya (Age 22, Cambodia)
 Antariksh Mahajan  Ankit Sharma (Age 23, India)
(Age 14, India <Living in Singapore>)  Carlos Antonio Alonso Bartesaghi Koc
 Hiroki Otake (Age 14, Japan) (Age 23, Peru)
 Taiju Sasaki (Age 14, Japan)  Irodahon Saidova (Age 23, Uzbekistan)
 Su bin Han (Age 14, South Korea)  Varuzhan Sahakyan (Age 23, U.S.A.)
 Suh Yoon Lee  Daniel Noye (Age 24, Ghana)
(Age 14, Korea <Living in China>)  Wara Urwasi (Age 24, Indonesia)
 Sohum Rajguru  Elías Rubén Calizaya Mamani (Age 25, Bolivia)
(Age 14, India <Living in U.A.E.>)  Marie Goto (Age 25, Japan)
 Valeria Liseichikova (Age 14, Belarus)  Zemfira Inogamova (Age 25, Kyrgyzstan)
 Kenta Bani  Manya Ranjan
(Age 14, Japan <Living in Bolivia>) (Age 25, India <Living in U.S.A.>)
 Hu Fangda
(Age 14, China <Living in Singapore>)
 Taro Henmi (Age 14, Japan)
 Eriko Numata (Age 15, Japan)
Best School Award

No School Applicable
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[Children's Category - 1st Prize]
Our Sea, Our Future

(Original)
Christ Soselisa
(Age 11, Indonesia)
SD Kristen Kalam Kudus Ambon
In my life, there are some people that inspire me. People that come
from different backgrounds, but they were in common for their
spirit to fight for what they believe and made a dream come true.
People who dedicated themselves to make a better world for
everybody else. They are Mahatma Gandhi for his life principle of
truth and non-violence, Albert Schweitzer for his cares, love and
respect for all living things, Thomas Alfa Edison the great inventor
of modern science, and Jacques Cousteau for his passionate love for
the sea.
Sea is two-thirds of the world. I live in Ambon, the capital of Moluccas province, Indonesia,
where sea is ninety three percent of the total province. Moluccas has more than ten thousand
six hundred kilometers long coastal side. Indonesia has eighty one thousand kilometers long
coastal side. The sea and the coastal areas play important roles in our small place. We have
many kinds of dishes made from sea product. In some area fishermen grow seaweeds to
export. Sea vehicles are important as transportation infrastructure. Many people are
depending on the sea.
But I am surprised to see that not too many people are taking good care of the sea. Many
people only take benefit from the sea but give nothing except pollutant and damages in return.
It is like symbiosis of parasitism. There are a lot of garbage, especially plastic garbage are
floating, cast along the coastal side and sinking at the bottom of the sea. I saw also
sedimentation of the sea as the impact of deforestation which damages the beach and coastal
life.
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I believe we should give something good to the sea as a return thanks for all the delicious food
we eat, nice pearl accessories we wear, a wonderful scene it offers, and so on. Then we can
continue to get a quality of sea products and its carried benefits. It is a cycle of life of giving and
receiving.
I live in the time where the world is getting old. Pollution, deforestation, green house effect,
climate change, global warming, are words that I often hear. All those give direct impact to
quality of life of sea creatures. I want to participate in action to minimize all of them, even
though in the future I want to become an oceanographer astronaut.
Currently, there are some research on the micro algae or also known as phytoplankton, like
Bacillariophyceae and Chlorophyceae. These sea products can produce bio diesel, bio ethanol,
and its waste used as a fodder. There is no waste product, and minimize pollution. I want to
participate in this kind of research, to find more products to replace fossil oil. They are non
pollutant, support the endurance of food, benefit to use also for medical purpose and all come
from the sea.
Ambon has huge potential and facilities to support me in this research, in nature, expert
people, and traditional knowledge. In nature, beside the sea and the coastal areas, we get
sunshine almost every day of the year for the photosynthesis process. There are laboratory
and library to use in the local university, and local expert both modern and traditional to
consult.
I hope by the time more people realize there is so much life support we can get from the sea,
then everybody will start to treat the sea with care and responsible manner with some respect.
In the future, I am going to continue this research to the next level. There are some planets
which are like earth and possible to discover as the next earth, and has a sea. Micro algae are
one of the living creatures that can survive with very limited living support. Micro algae also
absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. This research shall make micro algae as one of
living pioneer to carry to the new earth. Some scientists believe that life has started from the
sea. I believe sea is our future land. Our future life.
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[Youth Category – 1st Prize]
Science and Struggle: The Fusion of Research and Compassion

(Original)
Parwiz Abrahimi
(Age 23, Afghanistan & U.S.A. <Living in U.S.A.>)
Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University Graduate School
Science and technology seem a world away in the vastly populated

Dasht-e-Barchi neighborhood of Kabul. Driving along its single
congested road, one can see laborers lingering for a day's opportunity
to work, donkeys bearing loads of sun-baked bricks, and antiquated
buses adorned with colorful streamers and poetic Persian decals.
Where the paved street ends, cars are forced to a halt by giant
mounds of gravel placed in the middle of the dirt road for nearby
construction workers. Hidden behind the mounds of gravel, a
hundred meters down a muddy alley lined with dilapidated adobe houses, is a gem lost in the
bustle of post-Taleban Kabul: Marefat High School. On the days that I am not instructing the
biology and chemistry laboratories at the American University of Afghanistan, I volunteer as a
science teacher at this community-led high school. It is here I decided that scientific research
combined with social awareness and responsibility could make the conditions we live in better
and more sustainable.
Once, after a class in which I introduced blood groups and blood typing, a female student
asked, “If my blood group is Rh negative and my fiancé is Rh positive, what steps can I take to
avoid problems during child birth?” She was referring to rhesus-sensitization, in which a
mother can develop an immune reaction when bearing a child whose rhesus blood group
differs from her own. In a Western high school setting answering this question would have
been easy, but in this case I did not know how best to respond. In a resource-poor country like
Afghanistan there is little health care infrastructure to address problems such as this. I was
reminded of the great needs and meager means Afghans have for health care, and thought
long about what future applications of science and technology might do to enhance medicine
and health education for Afghanistan and other developing nations. In my vision for the future
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of science there is greater fusion between scientific research and global health imperatives,
creating a more prosperous world through improved health care delivery in the world's most
vulnerable regions.
The marriage between science, which seeks to address a fundamental biological question, and
global health advocacy, which seeks to reduce worldwide health disparities, is a vital
component of my vision for the future. Scientific research must place more emphasis on
diagnostic and therapeutic clinical interventions that can be transitioned for use in areas that
currently lack human and financial capacity. This requires clinicians with an intimate
understanding of basic science, and scientists who have a clinical end goal through which they
can promote world health equity by developing culturally sensitive and cost-effective medical
solutions that address local public health needs. I envision carving a role for myself at the
center of the interaction between clinicians, engineers, and scientists. I am pursuing joint
M.D./Ph.D. doctorates which will equip me with the clinical education and research experience
to be a successful physician-scientist. I hope to partake in translational pharmacological and
molecular medicine research in which I can combine my academic interests in medicine and
science with my background in the developing world. I aim to study diseases and new drugs
that can help alleviate the clinical burden on resource poor nations at the molecular level.
Through teaching, I have also come to see research and education as complementary. Science
instruction in Afghanistan has traditionally been dominated by the look-and-listen pedagogical
approach, and does not engage students' interests or encourage them to think critically. Like
other schools, Marefat faces many technological limitations. When our electricity runs out, as
it does often, we use a mirror and sunlight to illuminate objectives on our compound light
microscope. Simple items such as salt, soap, water and rubbing alcohol become reagents to
extract cheek-cell DNA. It is not much, but the students gain experience, build confidence in
themselves, and are introduced to the scientific method. Accompanying this future direction
of science, I see a vanguard of scientists who understand that science has a role outside of
research centers, and will champion teaching, public outreach, and advocacy in addition to
advancing scientific research. With the right support from scientists who are willing to serve as
mentors and advocates, students like those at Marefat have the potential to become future
leaders who can help further drive the direction of science in a positive way that benefits
Afghanistan and the world at large.
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[Children's Category – 2nd Prize]
Building a Smarter Planet

(Original)
Divya Gopinath
(Age 11, U.S.A.)
Seven Bridges Middle School
As a typical American, I depend on energy. I’m a New Yorker, and we need heat in winter and
the occasional A.C. to cool us off. Maybe we’re not ready to conserve that much energy, but
there are certainly feasible ways to cut down on energy consumption. Americans, no doubt the
greatest consumers of energy, do have a slight issue when it comes to curtailing their needs
and wants. In 2004, the U.S.A. used approximately 2,325.9 million tons of oil alone.
Unfortunately, our energy consumption has consequences for the whole world. Global
warming and the dependence of the world on oil is, in my opinion, the biggest challenge facing
the world today. There are small things we can do such as buying seasonal foods so there is
less of a transportation factor in getting the food to you, or turning of lights and taps when not
in use, but this will not be enough to solve this crisis. Our only way forward is to use advances
in science and technology to save our planet.
Just recently, I participated in a program where children from all around the world would
invent or innovate to create something that would help people. My innovation, a machine
called EcoFuels, harnessed solar power and used that energy to change carbon dioxide in to
carbon monoxide, and from there, morphing it into a synthetic fuel using a catalyzed chemical
reaction. EcoFuels is not fundable for large regions, such as the whole of New York, but small
cities around the world could depend on it. Although EcoFuels is not yet scalable for practical
use, the technology that it depends on, such as capturing carbon from the atmosphere and
converting carbon dioxide into a synthetic fuel using the Fischer-Tropsch process, already exist.
As part of this process, I also researched other technological innovations into cleaner fuels. I
learnt that we have the knowledge to use algae to create bio-fuels, and that this fuel can even
be used for jet engines!
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We can also use our knowledge of science to develop better ways to deliver energy and to also
better control how much energy we use. Imagine something as simple as a sensor installed in
all our taps so that it would beep when the desired water temperature was reached. This way,
we wouldn’t have to waste water while we waited for water to turn hot or cold. Imagine a
smarter energy grid that was capable of monitoring energy use and diverting energy to places
that needed it.
Even as kids, we can use science to help educate our communities. Earlier this year, I
participated in an international robotics program where I researched and reported about
climate change and global warming. On both topics, I gave suggestions to the town board
about how our town could prevent these two ‘cataclysmic’ events from happening. For global
warming, I suggested, after evaluating two local libraries on how ‘green’ they were, that the
libraries could accommodate small changes in their system, like motion-sensor lights which
turn off automatically. Also, regarding climate change, there were certain floods on a parkway
in my area, and I suggested to the parkway coalition to plant willow trees along the edges so
that a) the willow trees would soak up the rain water and b) so that the trees could consume
carbon dioxide. Additionally, I, along with my team, raised $3,000 donated to a public library
to buy an interactive white board, or a Smart Board, that displayed our team website and tips
to how to stay green, including a quiz so young children could learn. Also, aside from this
website, we have climate change blogs that are designed so children can do their own part.
After all, the kids of today are the future of tomorrow.
Barack Obama declared in his inaugural speech, “… we cannot help but believe that the old
hatreds shall someday pass; that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve; that as the world grows
smaller, our common humanity shall reveal itself; and that America must play its role in
ushering in a new era of peace.” We should use this as a guide, and science and technology will
help make all of us equally prosperous. Cell phone availability in places like rural India has
helped poor farmers track the market prices of their crops; computer records have made
public records easier to obtain in much of the developing world. We are the people of earth,
ready to overcome any challenge that faces us, ready to help others because we care; ready to
build a smarter planet.
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[Children's Category – 2nd Prize]
Electricity for a Change

(Original)
Amit Jung Himali

(Age 11, Nepal)
Siddhartha Love Dale
There's a lot of power cut off in our place, Pokhara. The production of electricity is very less as
compared to the demand. Still we are having problem to get an easy access to the
technological update like internet and other electricity devices.
We live in the urban areas and we are having such problems than what must have been to
others living in rural areas of western Nepal? Most of the villages remain dark and they are not
able to have the facilities of electricity. This ultimately hampers them from having easy access
to internet, education, health, entertainment and information.
So this is also affecting the overall life style of such places. The people there have been
deprived from proper facilities of quality education which has not made them competitive and
capable. So, most of the rural people are not able to have equal opportunities and exposures.
They are bound to live a less privileged life making their upcoming generations living an
inequitable life. They are not able to get admission in good colleges and hence can't compete
for better jobs and chances.
As they are not having good quality education and don’t have access to good government jobs,
they are not able to make a proper reservations of their rights. This has made them to do low
menial jobs not providing them enough wages to have the basic needs fulfilled. The most
favorable ways of living for them is the traditional method of agriculture, carpentry, fishery and
working as potters. Can this life give them a prosperous life? They were born poor and will die
poor.
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Likewise there have not been any activities that can make them aware about sustainability. No
any better income generation activities and employment opportunities have been made. So
they are wasting the resources around and destroying forests for fire wood.
Now the major question is are they living such a life forever? When are they able to make a
better world for their living? The solution could be the provision of electricity. One village, one
micro hydro power could be the vision for the betterment of those area. It can bring a lot of
changes in such areas enhancing their economic and social life.
There are perennial fast flowing river in such areas. The fast current of such rivers are
definitely helpful for the production of electricity. The micro hydropower is cheaper and easier
to build. It can be easily build by the community and thus helps in the proper regulation and
maintenance in the community level itself. This invention of Edison can easily bring a
revolution in such areas.
When the electricity is abundant than it definitely helps in the development of job
opportunities. Many kinds of local cottage industries can be promoted that can create a lot of
employment opportunities thus encouraging the local empowerment. Local industries like
herbal industry, handloom carpet, paper industry will definitely get a lot of aid from this. If
there is enough electricity than the traditional industry can be modernized making it more
efficient and productive.
It can create more chances of job creation. If there are more job opportunities than it will
definitely help to alleviate poverty which will ultimately lead to prosperity.
The people of these areas are quite deprived because they are not having an access to the
information. Media like internet, television, fm radios have not reached there. So people are
not aware about their rights and facilities. If they can have constructive news on different
issues and ways to solve the issues then it will help to erase the dominance and inequity that
they have been facing for centuries long. Untouchables, caste system, witchcraft have been
prevalent there and it could be eradicated. The discrimination between men and women can
also be erased. Such type of information will help to enlighten them thus giving them ways to
live an equitable life.
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These areas are rich in different types of resources like herbs, minerals, forests .but due to the
lack of information and proper utilization they have been destroyed and used in an unmanaged
way. If electricity could be used in an efficient way then it definitely helps to replace firewood
and minerals. It could thus help in the preservation of forests and different herbs. Thus
electricity could help in the conservation of ecosystem thus leading to a sustainable
development of the place.
I think to make the world a better place to live in electricity has an important role to play. I
want to study in the field of energy and hydropower which will create major changes in such
areas. To make revolution in a place we should focus on energy and electricity as it is the basis
of every aspect of development leading to equitability, prosperity and sustainability.
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[Youth Category – 2nd Prize]
Biodegradable Material for Electronic Equipment

(Original)
Hamida Amalia
(Age 19, Indonesia)
Bandung Institute of Technology
When I heard about this contest, I was remembering my first conference about living
environment held by Bobo magazine, the oldest kids’ magazine in Indonesia. It was 2001 and
I was in fifth grade, more than 30 children gathered from almost all provinces to make a
declaration called Declaration of Children Conference 2001 in Living Environment. This
declaration consists of two main ideas, The Water and The Waste. I was involved in composing
The Waste declaration which one of the point says, “We will separate wastes between the
organic and the non-organic ones”. After this declaration was accepted by all of delegations, it
was given to The State Minister for Environment as a promise from us to protect our
environment.
Time goes by. World changes every second, making many differences in each aspect of our life.
One aspect which changes rapidly is technology around electronic equipments. When
declaration was made, cellular phone was a rare gadget taken by elementary students. But
nowadays, every little kid in town brings this thing as communication need from their parents.
Now, let us imagine what will happen if all of those cellular phones are broken then asking their
parents to buy the new one. How many cellular phones do become non-organic wastes? How
we can process the waste? Is recycling a right solution to solve this problem? As one of the
delegation who makes a promise to my nation, I have an obligation to give another solution
better than what my friends made eight years ago about these non-organic things.
Besides the age shifting of electronic equipment users, kinds of electronic good which develop
every season make the problem of electronic waste or e-waste getting worse. iPod, BlackBerry,
and Nintendo’s Wii are examples of common technology upgrading. If there is a new edition of
them launched, everybody seems to have the newest one as part of lifestyle. On the other
hand, not every company handles their waste well. Based on Greenpeace data, Nintendo is the
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worst company who manages their e-waste, with 0.8 as its index in November 2008. The first,
second, and third place are Nokia, Samsung, and Sony Ericsson with their score are 7.5, 6.9,
and 5.7.
This condition may become a huge problem in the future when the number of people increases
and it is impossible to find wide area for e-waste recycling. Where we will process them is a
question we have to answer together, if we want a safe and green environment for our
children.
My opinion about biodegradable material for electronic equipment could be a good solution for
electronic company to make this earth a better world for human living. Perhaps, this
suggestion seems absurd but I have information that two electronic companies, Asus and
Fujitsu, have been becoming a pioneer in the making of eco-book. They have used bamboo
and cedar wood to replace the using of PVC for laptop’s body. PVC produces hazardous gases
for our environment such as chlorinated dioxins, a persistent material if it is burnt.
My optimistic mind says that if we concern about researches in biochemistry to find compatible
materials for electronic equipment, the pile of broken keyboards which I found its photo in
internet will be disappeared because its component can be eaten by bacteria. I have heard that
some researchers have found the biodegradable plastic from starch. That is one step ahead to
eco-friendly electronic equipment if this discovery develops in to the making of PVC. Even
though other scientists say that biodegradable plastic will make two new problems about the
using of farming area and genetically modified organism issue, I think it is an interesting topic
which our scientists have to find out more comprehensive. After we have done this project
successfully, I believe that our chance to discover other materials will be opened, like
biodegradable integrated circuit or biodegradable memory card.
To answer this challenge, I wish I could engage in a research that involved microbiology,
biochemistry, and ecology together to find those materials. I know I still need some help from
other majors like chemistry engineering, electrical engineering, and material engineering.
From this research, I hope we can make zero-waste consumption, a principle states that
everything which consumed by human can be recycled by nature.
I understand that the path toward our goal is never easy. But with dream, hard work, and pray,
we can change word impossible to I’m possible!***
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References
Deklarasi Konferensi Anak 2001 tentang Lingkungan Hidup Majalah Bobo

http://greenflavour.blogspot.com/2008/10/biodegradable-laptops-solution-to-e.html (June
23, 2009)
http://www.greenpeace.org/international/campaigns/toxics/electronics/what-s-in-electroni
c-devices (June 23, 2009)
http://www.greenpeace.org/international/campaigns/toxics/electronics/the-e-waste-proble
m# (June 23, 2009)
http://www.greenpeace.org/international/campaigns/toxics/electronics/how-the-companies
-line-up (June 23, 2009)
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[Youth Category – 2nd Prize]
When Science Meets the World

(Original)
Phang Wen Bin

(Age 20, Malaysia)
UCSI University
As I am typing this article, I have been thinking, if computer was never created in the past
century, will I be able to type this piece of essay by using MS Word to take part in this
competition? Without the great invention of World Wide Web by Tim Berners-Lee, can I
witness this breakthrough of information technology by knowing the existence of this contest?
As I put my thoughts into words, another question pops out of nowhere, “scientific discoveries
have brought us to the exhilarating world today, but where are we, the younger generation
going to bring the world?”
Standing at the crossroad, with much fear and excitement, my thoughts reeled back to the
milestones achieved in science and technology in the past. We have Robert Hooke who came
up with the Hooke’s Law and the spring which has been very useful in many devices, Sir Isaac
Newton who has contributed in Calculus, Gravitational Law, and Law of Motion, Marie Curie
who found the elements polonium and radium, as well as Albert Einstein who has managed to
revolutionize the physics world with his notable Theory of Relativity.
However, at the same time, we do see some unprecedented consequences appear alongside
with the advancement in science. Nuclear weapons and biological warfare pose a lethal threat
in causing massacre of mankind if they are deliberately used. With the growing understanding
in genomics and biotechnology, cloning is made possible but artificial reproduction might cause
a huge impact on the natural selection in the survival of all living beings. A tremendous
increase in the consumption of fossil fuel has helped us greatly in transportation and brings in
wealth to some countries, yet the environmental destructions caused such as the depletion of
ozone layer due to greenhouse gases have put our Earth at stakes.
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As a generation of the new millennium, I suggest that a holistic approach in science and
technology should be taken. To form a more equitable and sustainable world, we have to
ensure that science is being rightfully used to tackle educational, environmental, economic,
and social problems.
In bridging the “knowledge gap” between the advanced nations and the Third World Countries,
we ought to think about those children who might have lost the opportunities to learn at a very
early age, let alone being interested in science. Worldwide competitions like Intel International
Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF) and International Olympiads in Informatics (IOI) are
indeed two successful initiatives in searching for distinguished young talents. However, these
two are only catered for the crème de la crème. We might consider adopting the method, by
organizing lower-level science camps and technology competitions, which are led by previous
years’ winners in ISEF and IOI. They can teach and inspire their peers who do not have the
chances to get in touch with the trainings and teachings in the field of science. This innovative
idea is in line with one of the overarching objectives structured in the Medium-Term Strategy
of UNESCO from year 2008 to 2013-Attaining quality Education for All.
Innovations in cross-fields technologies have brought mankind to a new and bizarre dimension
which we have never thought before. Biomedical electronics, pharmacogenomics and green
technology are the megatrends in the 21st century, which I believe will pioneer the
developments and applications of science in the future. I remembered reading an article in the
Scientific American, about tidal power is the emerging new energy source. It dawned on me
that maybe we can adopt the biogas method to generate our vehicles. We all know that
metabolism processes in our bodies produce sweat and carbon dioxide, but can we
manufacture a waste-detector in our car so that the waste materials can be absorbed and used
to fuel our vehicles? If this idea can work, the first organic car will be created and shake the
world with its enticing features!
Furthermore, I wish to spearhead a research in biomedical electronics field. I dream of

creating an electronic device, equipped with a complex algorithm which enables us to decipher
what lies within our brainwaves and convert it to words. If we manage to achieve this, we
might be able to help patients who are having problems in dyslexia, autism and depression.
We will be able to listen to their thoughts and give appropriate medications.
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Science dares us to dream the impossible, gives us the courage to venture into the unknowns,
and challenges us to be determined when we are doubtful. But to me, the word Science has a
different meaning too, where ‘S’ stands for solidarity, ‘C’ for compassion, ‘I’ for
interdependence, ‘E’ for empathy while ‘N’ for neutrality. Science is about the perfect
combination of knowledge and humanity values. Only by understanding them, we can create
a better world through science and technology.
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[Children’s Category – 3rd Prize]
Electrical Outages and Influenza

(Original in Japanese)
Motoharu Fuchikawa
(Age 10, Japan <Living in India>)
New Delhi Japanese School
“Hurry up and close it!”
My mother reminded me sharply. Oh no, I’ve done it again. I hurriedly close the fridge. Habits
from Japan die hard and I do it time and again. I’m living in India because of my father’s work
and electrical outages happen all the time here. Food goes off if the outage exceeds four hours
so I understand why my mother gets upset. From her perspective, opening the fridge during
an outage is outrageously mischievous.
In Japan, where electrical outages seldom occur, I took having a constant electricity supply for
granted. It wasn’t until I moved to India that I understood the convenience of refrigerators and
the value of electricity. I have always used large quantities of electricity without giving it a
second thought, but in India, I learned that many poor people can’t afford to use much
electricity and others don’t even own electrical appliances. In other words, in India, there are
lots of people who lead healthy and active lives without the advantages of science, even in
urban areas. People can live without the use of technology!
Science develops over time and things that were impossible long ago are now possible.
Consider air conditioning and food preservation, for example. Appliances such as washing
machines and irons make many peoples’ lives easier, and televisions keep us entertained. Such
technologies are useful when available. Science is a necessity for me now. However, many
things aren’t really necessary for people to live as humans. Poor people in India get by without
using these technologies. Perhaps, just as I will never travel in space, there are certain
extravagant aspects of science that normal people never encounter. I suppose it can’t be
helped that rich people use certain technologies that poor people can’t. Technologies can make
rich people’s life more convenient and enjoyable. People who can’t benefit from them may be
18
a little jealous, but they still live with vitality. That is the way of the world. However, there is
one technology that should not discriminate between those who have access and those who do
not, and that is medical technology. This is because medical technology affects people’s lives,
and whether they live or die. Medical technology is a field of science that should be equally
available to both the rich and the poor. This year, there has been an outbreak of a new type of
influenza, and my mother said, “Influenza is frightening, but we’ll be okay if we get a vaccine.”
However, I think that’s easy for us to say because we are Japanese. Everyone in the world
should be given a vaccine. I’ve heard the vaccine is still under development, but when there
are made, I think they should be distributed to everyone equally. It is not right that rich people
are helped and poor people aren’t. We are all human beings so our lives are all of the same
value. To be equally useful for all people—I think the beauty of science lies in this aspect of
fairness. There are benefits of science that remain inaccessible to some people, but without a
doubt, we also need some beautiful aspects that are accessible to all.
I haven’t got a definite dream for the future, but I would like to become either a scientist who
confronts fearful diseases such as new types of influenza, or to do a job that enables me to
distribute new technologies fairly to the people who need them.
19
Let It Light the Darkness: A Dream Comes True

(Original)
Adeline Tiffanie Suwana

(Age 12, Indonesia)
Jubilee
The chirping birds, fertile rice fields, clean-fresh-air, the clear blue sky and the shadow of
children in the friendly community of Cilulumpang Village in the mountains of South Cianjur
give me energy and power to reach them although I have to walk along the 3 miles terrain.
Cilulumpang is the name of hamlet in the village of Cempaka, Mekarjaya that is reachable
within 4 hours drive from Jakarta where I reside and 2 hours walk to reach it.
The population of Cilulumpang reaches almost 300 heads of households with 4-5 members in
each of the family. Their source of living is through farming rice and various crops. The Cisoka
River flows continuously throughout the season to irrigate rice fields and also for day-to-day
needs. All daily needs are met from their existing natural resources.
However, there is only one thing not in Cilulumpang that is lights. Electricity is a dream, longed
by the children and the community. There is no electricity at school. Mothers cook with woods,
children study under the patch light and they use small flashlight to light at night.
It is quite surprising, in the 21st century, many villages in Indonesia still do not have electricity.
Almost 48% from the Indonesian population of 230,472,933 live in areas without electricity
supply due to the absence of a power plant capacity and difficult areas to access.
With desire, determination and commitment, I try to fulfill their dream into a reality especially
for the children whom I have met.: Euis and her friends, flowing the electricity into their
houses for the children's studying, watching television and all other activities in the day and
mainly at night.
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The potential electricity we will apply is based on surveys and researches of the location
combined with my school knowledge of Science, Electricity, Mathematics and Physics. These
knowledge will definitely help me in providing a new source of energy that is
environment-friendly without damaging the mother nature.
As today's crisis environment causes climate change, this draws me to create a power plant
that uses natural potential nearby.
We will create a new source of electric energy that is environment-friendly. Cilulumpang has
great potential for water energy which comes from “Curug Dendeng” Waterfall in which the
water energy combined with a turbine and dynamo could be utilized and converted as a source
of electric energy which we call as “Electric Generator Water Reel”.
For the turbine propellers, we use wood from jackfruit trees as it is resistant to water and does
not break easily. Dynamo is created by rolling copper wire into a roll-ball.
The children and community of Cilulumpang helped me to assemble the turbine into position
which would continue to revolve processing energy from the water into electricity.
The power which we get from the 18 metres head of the waterfall combined with the 14.16
litres per second flow(volume) of the waterfall will come into:
Power = Head X Flow X Gravity

= 18 X 14.16 X 9.81
= 2,500 watts
But, the efficiency of around 80% from 2,500 watts is expected from the mechanical energy
into electrical energy which produces electricity for Cilulumpang.
Fourty families with children are prioritized to having the electricity with the power of 50
watt/family.
Living with electricity will provide a better life and development to the village. More
development activities can be carried through with electricity that is previously impossible.
This is definitely promoting better quality of life and economic growth to the villagers.
21
At the same time, we are utilizing an environment-friendly energy that does not increase the
amount of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, which worsens the greenhouse effects; as
earth's temperature rises.
It is such a relief feeling seeing Euis, her friends and other villagers are very happy, grateful
and excited having lights for the first time in their life. Now, they can also watch television and
see other part of Indonesia and the world.
A new source of energy utilizing the abundant potential energy of water in Indonesia will
definitely give hope and encouragement to improve the quality and way of life; increase
productivity; improve education and health facilities, provide better economic activities;
increase new employment opportunities; improve the growth of the village as a whole;
provide peace and spirit of mutual assistance for all villagers; bring and unite all villagers'
sense of togetherness in becoming an independent village which excels in welfare and better
life without destroying the earth.
Nature's gift combined with science and technology has become more wonderful when we
utilize them truly and rightfully. Nature has provided us the goods for our lives. Let us continue
to keep this balance of nature combined with the knowledge of science and improved
technology so that we can continue to feel the benefits without destroying our mother nature.
22
Photosynthetic Masks and Global Warming

Mizuki Hashimoto
(Age 13, Japan)
Otsuma Ranzan Junior High School
The environmental issue that worries me most is greenhouse gasses, the main cause of global
warming.
I say this because while ice on earth has started to melt and there are countries that are
beginning to sink, some countries continue to emit huge volumes of greenhouse gasses. Japan
too set a goal in the Kyoto Protocol to reduce emission of six types of greenhouse gasses by six
percent over the five year period 2008~2012, but has actually increased emission by eight
percent. My concern is that although we talk about fighting global warming, nothing much has
improved.
Global warming is largely caused by greenhouse gasses. Of these, the substances regarded as
being the main cause of global warming are carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides.
Carbon dioxide is mostly produced by people’s breathing and combustion of fossil fuels.
On the other hand, nitrogen oxides are mostly produced when fossil fuels are used. The
warming effect of nitric oxide—a type of nitrogen oxide that is also a greenhouse gas—is 310
times that of carbon dioxide. Moreover, nitric dioxide, another type of nitrogen oxide, also
causes phenomena such as acid rain and photosynthetic smog.
I think greenery campaigns are the best means of reducing carbon dioxide. This is because
plants photosynthesize and convert carbon dioxide into oxygen, and although plants do emit
carbon dioxide at night, they absorb a greater quantity during the day when the sun is out. So,
having more plants can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide. Vegetation in urban areas
declined rapidly due to increases in the number of buildings. However, having learned that this
23
affects global warming, campaigns are being launched to increase greenery and remedy this
situation. Rooftop gardens and the planting of grass in school play grounds also serve this
purpose.
As a means of reducing carbon dioxide, I would like to propose development of products that
use chloroplast in a similar way to photosynthesis in plants.
My first proposal is a photosynthetic mask. Chloroplast would be jellified and a pocket would be
incorporated into the mask where it covers the mouth. The chloroplast gel would then be
inserted into this pocket. The chloroplast would be made so that it is effective for one day. By
wearing this mask when they go out, people could reduce the amount of carbon dioxide they
emit while breathing. Moreover, a system could be created to collect used chloroplast gels and
utilize them as compost in much the same way as leaves.
Furthermore, if it is possible to interweave chloroplast into fibers without losing its efficacy, it
could be all the more effective. Using such fibers in masks and clothing would make conversion
of carbon dioxide into oxygen possible in many different places. On a farm, for example, lining
cattle sheds and so forth with fabric made of these fibers could help to reduce the carbon
dioxide emitted when animals breathe.
Filters are currently used in many ways. If the efficacy of chloroplast could be incorporated into
these filters, they could reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emitted during combustion of
fossil fuels. Installing such filters on all exhaust outlets could have a huge effect. We have to
continue coming up with ways of converting carbon dioxide emissions into oxygen.
As a child I often caught tadpoles and crawfish, played “Tarzan” on a thick rope tied from a tree
branch, and got covered in mud as I played in nature. In order to allow the next generation to
experience and enjoy the same smell of soil and greenery, I would like to reduce waste and do
what I can to improve the environment along with my engagement in greenery campaigns. I
will do my best to stop global warming even a little bit sooner. Finally, I would like to think of
ways to spread ideas and actions however small, not just in Japan, but throughout the world.
24
Dynamic Science: The Makings of a Better World

(Original)
Denzil Furtado
(Age 13, Australia)
Xavier College Burke Hall
“Every great advance in science has issued from a new audacity of imagination” (John Dewey).
As people around the world strive for the increased growth of society, it is becoming
increasingly evident that science and technology play key roles in addressing the needs and
challenges we face in the modern world, every day of our lives. If we as global citizens are to
achieve this vision of growth and development, it is integral that unified action is taken at local,
national and international levels by everyone in order to achieve solutions to our common
aspirations.
Despite the advancements made by our past and present-day scientists, it is clear that science
in our communities needs refinement. In the words of Martin Luther King Jr., “Our scientific
power has outrun our spiritual power. We have guided missiles and misguided men.” It is time
that people around the world come together in the name of science and technology to help
break down the international, racial and cultural barriers between people, and to focus their
combined efforts into changing the world for the better.
According to the United Nations, 2001-2010 is the “International Decade for a Culture of Peace
and Non-Violence for the Children of the World" while 2005-2014 is the “Decade of Education
for Sustainable Development”. In order to nurture both of these values, it is important that we,
as members of the global community, create an awareness of the current inadequacies within
society, in turn becoming empowered to employ innovative initiatives [and play leading roles in
them] to address and rectify these current short-falls.
This is where my role as a youth, citizen, and most importantly, catalyst for positive change,
plays a part.
25
I believe that the key to development and growth on a global scale is in creating awareness
and fostering scientific outreach within communities of every kind.
Thus, the strategy I seek to employ involves a holistic, comprehensive approach to bettering
scientific communities. Right from aspiring kids acquiring analytical thinking skills through the
use of specially-tailored ICT programs, to professional human-aid experts developing new
novel-cell therapy technologies, my projected scheme encompasses every level of science in a
generalized, yet radical, notion.
It is called the Dynamic Science Initiative (or DSI) and is centred on five main categories of
science, (Power, Digital, Health, Eco, Creative) to be applied as a whole unit into the education
system from a secondary schooling level. During the schooling years, each area will be
explored through the use of various creative activities, after which students will have the
choice to further pursue one category of the program as a career choice.
Power: This area explores alternative, eco-friendly land, aero and aquatic propulsion
technologies and power sources. At a higher level, areas of research could include the
enhanced study of magnetics (polarities) to provide reliable propulsion/power technology, and
the development of nanotechnology to support the power industry.
Digital: In the information age, the advancement of safer global media and communications
networks required for 21st century research is integral. This research will enable open
collaboration, conferencing and communication across borders, thus striving for harmony
among diverse peoples and cultures. At a youth level, the development of user-friendly digital
and ICT programs is to be addressed, which will serve to stimulate and improve kids’ learning,
organisational, and analytical thinking skills necessary in later life.
Health: In this section, youths will learn about the physical obstacles and impediments facing
humans and ways to overcome them using science and technology. Professional engineers will
pioneer new ideas for improved human health, such as novel drug discoveries, biomedicine,
and even bionics, looking to past inventions (such as the i-Limb) for inspiration.
Eco: This area deals with the conservation and protection of the biological, earth, and
environmental sciences. Children will learn to appreciate and care for the ecosystem, while
26
scientists will search for new ways of reducing our impact on society, through programs such
as biocatalysis (the manufacturing of renewable sources for sustainable development) and
enhanced biomimicry.
Creative: This last section allows youths and scientists to explore their creative side in areas
such as entertainment, gaming and sporting technology.
Applying the DSI in this way will allow for two major outcomes. One, students will be granted
a wider awareness of science and technology from an earlier level, and will thus be able to
acknowledge, address and act on pressing issues within the community. Secondly, students
who develop a strong passion for science will be able to establish, nurture, develop and follow
their chosen paths through life from an early age, hence, not only setting themselves up for a
brighter future ahead, but also bringing us the enhanced ability for positive change through
our leaders of tomorrow.
Ultimately, the DSI will help to build a better and stronger science innovation system for the
twenty-first century.
27
“Science” Equals “Humans”

Tatsuhiko Hasemi
(Age 14, Japan)
Fuzokuchuugakkou Senior High School, Honjouhigashi
What kind of world would truly be a “better world”? It would certainly be a peaceful place
where there is no war; however, I believe that the future direction of the world will depend on
science.
Take nuclear power as an example. Presently nuclear power is used to produce energy, and
because it has great power we are able to obtain a large amount of energy from it. But if this
tremendous power is misused, terrible consequences will follow. An atomic bomb was actually
dropped on Japan, killing many and leaving serious aftereffects on people.
Science is useful yet, if its use is misguided, it will end up going in a bad direction. Today,
“science” itself is evolving and changing rapidly. We often hear that science is “for the good of
humanity,” but can we really say that it is for “all humanity”? Personally, I believe that it is only
good for a small number of developed nations. This is evident if you look at how science
progresses in a way that is completely irrelevant to the plight of developing regions and
nations. In other words, people who are advancing science have only themselves in mind.
What should we make out this situation? Even if people say that they are “dedicated to helping
the world,” they are “dedicated to helping themselves” after all. If we are really concerned
about the world, we should visit different places themselves, experience life there, and create
science that could remedy the problems found in such areas. If that is not possible, we should
at least do our best to collect information and understand the current conditions of the world.
The state of the world is not as good as we think it is. In order to improve global conditions,
therefore, we must proactively explore ways to make best use of scientific accomplishments.
I myself too, would like to engage in such research when I become an adult. I want to be
28
involved in the development of excellent science that would be really useful for the
world—science that would have an impact on all of humanity.
I have been thinking about what “science” should do, but during the process, I realized that
“humans” come before “science.” It is humans that develop science, and it is humans that use
science. In other words, science is a creation of humans. Then the role of science must be the
role of humans. In order to build a better world, however, human beings must change first.
Civilization has made remarkable advances, and these reflect human progress. Along the way,
however, people lost sight and became only able to see themselves. As a result, we see
disparity of wealth and gaps between nations.
I feel that right now we need to stop thinking about “I” and start thinking in terms of “You.” If
we don't develop science with a selfless spirit, we would not be able to create science that is
truly “for the good of the world.” This is certainly a difficult task. However, if we do not do it
now, I think it will be too late. All humans have desire for benefits; this cannot be helped. But
by controlling that feeling, and by starting to think about others, I believe change is possible.
When that change of mind brings about change in science, I believe we will begin to see a
better world.
In conclusion, the “better world” I envision will be created not by the “achievements of science,”
but rather by the “hearts of people.”
29
[Youth Category – 3rd Prize]
The Power of Science Illuminating the World

(Original)
Heidi Baumgartner
(Age 16, U.S.A.)
Hunter College High School
Only twenty hours after I took off from JFK airport in New York, I was behind the barbed wire
fence of a hotel in Liberia in total darkness and stifling heat. The electrical generator had
stopped working. It was an unreliable substitute for the power grid that had been destroyed
during the 14-year-long civil war. On the street, trucks spewed thick black smoke that choked
the air. I held my breath and hoped that no one would use the darkness as a cover for crime.
During the following two weeks, as I helped conduct high school science workshops for
Liberian students, I witnessed a broad range of problems afflicting the West African failed state.
And in that time, I made the decision to devote my future career as a scientist to solving them.
Liberia’s problems are by no means unique. About one third of the Earth’s population has no
access to electricity, and for many more people electric power remains an unaffordable luxury.
Every year the poor spend the equivalent of over $35 billion in kerosene lighting and
disposable batteries—a large portion of development aid that should be used more
productively. Many have limited access to fuel, and the consequent foraging for firewood
causes deforestation and destruction of the environment. Without access to cheap energy,
developing countries will not implement modern agricultural, manufacturing, information, and
communication capabilities, thereby trapping themselves in economic stagnation. It is also
undisputed that without reliable renewable energy sources to replace rapidly disappearing
combustible fuels, the future of all human kind is jeopardized.
Just as scientists have time and again solved many of humanity’s problems, for example by
mitigating famine and disease that plague third-world nations, they now must solve the
world’s next biggest problem. They face the task of developing clean, renewable sources of
energy that will terminate our dependence on fossil fuels and ensure the stability of our
planet’s climate. Their development of an inexpensive alternative energy source can assure
30
the prosperity of the poorest countries. This is possible by harnessing the power of nature, and
in particular, the radiance of the Sun.
Methods of converting light energy into electricity are already known, but present solar
technology does not yet constitute a viable replacement for other means of electricity
production. The present limitation on the effectiveness of solar panels is the insensitivity that
silicon in solar cells has towards a large part of the light spectrum. However, there exist other
kinds of crystals that function like silicon, which are sensitive to a far larger range of
wavelengths of light. These crystals are known as quantum dots, because they are so tiny that
they are governed by quantum mechanics, the type of physics that reigns at small scales. A
compilation of these crystals embedded in plastic can form a solar cell whose efficiency
exceeds 90%. The sun shines everywhere, and a solar cell produces no greenhouse gases.
Quantum dot solar materials are on the brink of commercial viability; they are not a futuristic
fantasy. Once this technology is implemented, it will change the world. Clean, cheap, and
sustainable solar power will vastly improve the quality of life for people in the most remote
areas of the globe. It will boost every person’s production capability and stimulate even the
poorest economies. Cheap electricity will power pumps that access water deep underground in
areas with drought, and light lamps that keep streets safe at night. With quantum dot solar
panels, even the most remote village will power computers that bring it the vast databases of
knowledge of the internet. Individuals will be empowered like they never have been before,
and as the shackles of the power grid are broken, the only limit to learning and innovation will
be the human mind.
With good governance backing the constant stream of innovation that science provides,
humanity will be able to continue on the path of economic, environmental, and social
development. As I write this article, I am working at the Jefferson National Lab Accelerator
Facility in Virginia, where I have been funded to do my own research. I am building a cyclotron,
an instrument that I am using to create antimatter, a potential energy source that may be
exploited in the future. As long as such projects are actively supported, science will perpetually
open new doors in more ways that we can imagine. Deployed within the appropriate political,
economic, and organizational framework, science and technology will continue to provide
solutions to overcome poverty, promote sustainable development, and protect the
environmental integrity of our planet. Once I embark on my career, I will ensure that all
31
children in Liberia have electricity to study by after dark. If we work together to capture the
energy of nature, the power of science will transform the world into a better place.
32
Proposal: Innovating Solar Power Systems to Improve Lives

Lilian Kanaya
(Age 16, Japan <Living in U.S.A.>)
Chicago Futabakai Japanese School
When we think about improving the lives of people around the world, the first obstacle we face
is “disparity.” In order to overcome disparity and make the world more equitable, “distribution”
and “circulation” must take place. These two words are the key to making the world a better
place. It is of utmost importance that the wealthy countries willingly lend a hand to other
countries. Rather than giving things, they should “distribute” energy, which is the source of all
things.
The fundamental problem comes down to energy, and the energy source I’m thinking of is
zero cost. Although the world aspires to become a low carbon society, we currently depend on
oil resources that emit carbon dioxide. It is nothing less than human arrogance to exhaust only
in the past few centuries these resources that took hundreds of millions of years to make.
Depletion of oil resources is foreseeable and atomic energy is accompanied by danger.
Then what kind of power can we get for free from nature? Without a doubt this must be the
Sun. I would like to focus on the solar power—the blessings of the Sun shared equally among
all people. Let us consider using this for our homes, which is a part of our daily lives. (Refer to
photographs) Japan lead other countries on an individual level in that public subsidies for
homes that install solar power systems have been available for some time, and households use
this to lower their energy bills and sell any surplus. Other advantage is that the Sun does not
emit carbon dioxide and therefore its use would prevent global warming.
On a national level, regions such as Africa that have summer conditions year-round are best
able to benefit from solar power. These regions could store particularly large quantities of solar
power which could be used in daily life for water supplies, air conditioning, lighting and engine.
Utilizing it for engine would facilitate a large number of production activities and stimulate
33
economies. African nations could also benefit by exporting stored energy to regions in
Northern Europe with white nights. African nations which have been regarded as developing
countries could become countries taking the initiatives to distribute and circulate energy.
Perhaps developed countries could provide developing countries with free solar systems in
order to help their progress. The developing countries would be the ones to reap the benefits,
but this could be the most effective way to uplift the standard of the whole world. Solar energy
can be used in many fields such as solar utilities, solar means of transportation and solar street
lights, and it would contribute greatly to local communities.
Next, I would like to think about the use of solar power on a global level. It is a project on a UN
level in terms of budget and scale to create a large-scale reducing device that uses solar
energy to electrolyze water. Reduction would produce oxygen and hydrogen, and the
hydrogen could be used as hydrogen gas in air conditioning. Furthermore, I’ve heard that
hydrogen is useful medically for aging and cerebral infarctions. Another merit is that it is
effective at preventing degradation of industrial products. On the other hand, oxygen is used
in human treatments such as sterilization and detoxification. The installation of solar systems
in Africa, as I have proposed above, will not only produce energy but also its secondary
products, which could raise the level of healthcare in these regions. At any rate, it should be
introduced on a trial basis in Africa, and if it’s successful there, it should then be introduced in
South America, another developing region.
An agency for the peaceful use of solar energy should be established within the UN and
entrusted with overseeing these projects. Then, various countries should send administrators,
engineers and medical practitioners. A system could be established so that ordinary
companies cooperating in this project could receive some kind of score as an incentive, and be
given a reward such as special tax treatment or financial incentive for accumulating this
“cooperation scores”. These companies would be recognized globally as progressive
environmentally-friendly companies corresponding to their scores.
Put simply, the second key word “circulation” refers to “reuse.” Resources and products are all
limited so we have to build technological systems that facilitate the recycling and reuse of
these energies.
Partnership and cooperation between all countries in the world is indispensible to the
implementation of this dream project. In other words, we can only eliminate disparities and
34
make the world a better place if there is peace in the world, and our perception of which comes
first, the chicken or the egg, is being questioned.
Accompanying Photographs:
The miniature house below was designed and built by me.
(Upper left) The black paint on the roof over the main building as seen from above is made of
a new type of highly sensitive solar paneling; it doesn’t detract for the house’s appearance
because it is the same size as the roof.
(Upper right) View from the back
(Bottom) The glass blocks in the semi-circular front entrance are designed to absorb solar
energy.
35
Scientific Development and the Coexistence of Animals and Humans

Hikari Kunitomo
(Age 17, Japan)
Fukuchiyama Seibi High School
Have you ever thought about the feelings of animals that have lost their mates as a result of
global warming or animal testing, and are suffering themselves?
My love of animals comes from having a pet dog as a child. Living creatures—from insects such
as ants and spiders to animals as large as elephants—are striving to ensure the survival of
themselves and their kind. I have learnt so much from observing these animals.
There was a time when I wanted to become a vet in order to help them. Being a vet is a
wonderful job as you can help animals that are suffering. However, you can only help the one
animal in front of you at any given time. I wonder how many other animals suffer or die during
that time. This thought frightened me, because it might make me feel powerless.
Then, what can I do to help my beloved animals?
The first time I found studying at school interesting was in science class in elementary school.
During science experiments, I was able to solve a long-held mystery and was amazed by
unexpected results. Over time, I came up with more questions and more things I wanted to
know. I want to continue solving more mysteries and learn more about things I don’t
understand. It was while I experienced such feelings that I decided to become a scientist and
tackle environmental issues that cause so many animals to suffer. Then, even indirectly, I could
help save animals, including wild ones.
However, as my dream for the future grew, I came face to face with a cold reality: involvement
in the field of science would probably involve conducting animal tests. Wasn’t I becoming a
scientist because I loved animals and wanted to tackle environmental issues out of a desire to
36
help them? Would it be right for me to assume a position in which I might hurt animals rather
than help them? Of course, it is true that animal testing has played a major role in scientific
development.
Is it possible for me then to become a scientist dedicated to animals instead of a scientist

dedicated to mankind? I took this opportunity to think deeply about this in my own way.
In the end, I could not reach a conclusion. What I did understand was that this was a very
difficult and profound issue for me as I aspire to become a scientist.
So, I would like to devote a lot more time to this question as a theme in my life, and think about
it deeply by listening to lots of other people’s opinions and undergoing various experiences. If
my thinking should become biased once I become a scientist, I would like to remember this
feeling and continue to question myself: What is the purpose of this experiment? Is this really
the best method?
Also, I would like to do the best as I can to protect the natural state of our precious earth. To
this end, when I am a university student, I would like to study not just my own field but also
as many other fields as possible, and learn how to look at the problems from various
perspectives. Then, I would like to work as a volunteer in nature reserves around the world
and observe the ecologies of animals living in near-wild conditions. I would also like to visit
facilities in countries tackling environmental issues and areas affected by environmental
problems, and listen to various opinions in order to verify whether science dedicated to
animals is really appropriate. I hope that future scientists like myself would also think about
this question.
There is a limit to what I can do. However, even trivial things cannot be changed without action.
On the other hand, even if tiny, actions taken by many people will no doubt lead to a good
result.
I hope to realize in this world what may seem difficult and only an ideal today. My wish is to use
the power of science and everyone’s cooperation to create a bright world for all living creatures,
including animals. Surely this must be the future role of science.
37
Favoriser l’accès aux sciences pour construire un monde meilleur

(Original)
Kim Pawliw
(Age 17, Canada)
Cégep de Sherbrooke
Il y a quelques années, alors que j’étais en 3ième secondaire, un professeur a remarqué mon
intérêt pour la biologie et les sciences. Elle m’a proposé de participer au concours régional
d’expo-sciences. L’idée m’a immédiatement plu. Ce que j’ignorais à ce moment, c’est à quel
point ma vision du monde allait changer. Pendant tout l’été qui a suivi, j’ai lu des articles
scientifiques et j’ai visité des musées afin de me trouver un sujet de recherche captivant. Mes
intérêts m’ont mené vers la biodiversité marine et les richesses de cet écosystème.
Passionnée par mes lectures j’ai réalisé que bien des menaces rendaient fragile cette vie
sous-marine. J’ai aussi compris que des sources inespérées de médicaments potentiels
pouvaient s’y trouver et que c’était inquiétant de voir la façon dont on traitait cet écosystème.
Lors des expo-sciences, j’ai rencontré des gens de partout, des étudiants comme moi, des
professeurs de sciences et des chercheurs. J’étais comblée, car je me retrouvais dans un
univers où tous partageaient la même passion que moi et espéraient faire une différence dans
le monde.
Comme moi, beaucoup d’élèves ont été attirés par les sciences lorsqu’ils étaient plus jeunes,
les petites expériences nous fascinaient, mais lorsque les cours de sciences et de
mathématiques arrivent au secondaire, on ne voit plus le côté magique: il n’y a plus de place
ni de temps pour l’émerveillement. Les programmes sont trop chargés, les professeurs et leurs
élèves sont bousculés. Des heures et des heures de mémorisation de notions qui seront vite
oubliées, car elles ne seront plus utiles après les examens. On nous demande d’avoir des notes
formidables pour accéder à certains programmes: les étudiants n’ont quasiment plus le droit à
l’erreur. Plusieurs jeunes abandonnent les sciences, étant démotivés par la charge de travail,
ils ne se sentent plus concernés. Pourtant, je ne crois pas que ce soit seulement les personnes
ayant toujours eu de la facilité dans leur parcours académique qui deviendront nécessairement
les meilleurs scientifiques. Certes, il faut une rigueur en sciences, mais il faut aussi cesser de
38
la réserver pour une soi-disant élite. Il faut raviver la passion initiale et redonner à la science
sa place dans la vie de chacun. Notre planète se portera mieux lorsque les gens se sentiront
impliqués. Ce qu’ils voient présentement, c’est une planète en détresse, des inégalités entre
les peuples, des ressources non partagées, des choix de société douteux et peu de moyens
pour agir.
Pour arriver à donner à la science un rôle positif, j’encourage les jeunes à s’impliquer dans les
expo-sciences. C’est un moyen efficace d’acquérir des connaissances et de trouver des pistes
de solutions pour changer un peu le monde. J’ai la chance de vivre dans un pays, le Canada, où
l’on ne manque de rien, mais il m’est impossible de fermer les yeux sur les catastrophes que
vivent des millions de gens. Il m’est impossible de fermer les yeux sur le sort de notre belle
planète. Pour l’instant, je fais ma part en animant une chronique scientifique à la radio
communautaire de ma ville. Une fois par mois, je me donne comme mission de sensibiliser les
auditeurs aux problèmes écologiques et aux découvertes scientifiques. Pour moi, trouver un
sujet scientifique, le maîtriser du mieux que je peux et ensuite le vulgariser en ondes constitue
une source de motivation incomparable! Sentir que la science est accessible et magique
comme lorsque j’étais plus jeune, voilà une merveilleuse façon de se donner du pouvoir pour
construire un monde meilleur. C’est en partageant nos connaissances que la science se portera
mieux, c’est aussi en modifiant les exigences d’admission dans les facultés de sciences que
nous verrons un véritable vent de renouveau. On ne changera pas le monde en répétant
toujours la même chose. Oui, la science doit avoir la mission de créer un monde plus juste,
prospère et durable, mais sans l’implication d’un plus grand nombre de jeunes dans un
parcours scientifique j’y crois difficilement.
Je vais terminer par une citation éloquente d’Albert Jacquard, tirée de son livre : « L’équation
du nénuphar », en parlant de la société et du système d’éducation, ce généticien et philosophe
écrit : « Un changement radical d’orientation est nécessaire. Il implique de proposer aux
jeunes non pas de se faufiler dans la forteresse, mais d’en abattre les murailles ».
39
Encouraging the Access to Sciences to Construct a Better World
(English Translation)
Some years ago, a teacher noticed my interest in biology and sciences. She offered me to
participate in a regional expo-sciences competition. I liked that idea immediately. What I
ignored at that time is how deep this moment will change the way I perceive the world.
Throughout the following summer, I read scientific articles and I paid visits to many museums
and exhibitions in order to find a captivating and inspiring research theme. All these studies
have led me towards the biodiversity of the sea and the richness of this amazing ecosystem.
Enthusiastic about my readings about the ecosystem of the oceans I realized the various
threats sea-life (under-water world) is exposed to and affected by. I also realized that this
aquatic ecosystem offers unexpected resources of potential medications, and I also became
aware how alarming it is to see how we are dealing with and misusing this ecosystem. At the
expo-sciences events, I have met people from everywhere, students like me, teachers and
scientific scholars and academic researchers. I was overwhelmed, because I found myself in a
universe where everybody was sharing the same passion and enthusiasm than I did, and all
came with the hope to make a difference in the world.
Like myself, many pupils/students have been attracted by science when they were younger.
We have been fascinated by the little experiments, but as we move on to higher school grades,
we have been disenchanted by classes in sciences and mathematics. We couldn’t see and feel
the magical side of sciences anymore due to the way they were taught to us: there was no
more space and time allowed for wondering. The school (academic) programs and curricula
are too much filled with learning content; teachers and students feel stressed by a huge
amount of learning stuff. We spend many hours to memorize knowledge and formulas we
forgot as soon as we have passed the exams. We are requested to have excellent
credits/grades in order to be able to have access to specific study programs: it is almost
forbidden for students to make mistakes. The consequence is that many students are giving up
on sciences and are demotivated and frustrated by the huge amount of learning and
memorizing stuff. Many of them are no more interested in sciences. Nevertheless, I do not
believe that academic students having excellent credits are automatically becoming the
greatest and most innovative scientists. Of course, there is a certain need of rigorism in
sciences, but it is also necessary to stop reserving it to a certain so-called elite. What is truly
necessary is to reawaken/revitalize the passion in each of us to discover things in life and to
put science back in everybody’s daily life. The state of our planet will improve when every
40
human being feels involved and concerned. What people do see today is a planet in peril,
disparities among peoples, non-shared resources, unsustainable decisions and few ways for
people to take action and get involved.
In order to give science a positive role and to reenchant science, I encourage young people to
get involved in expo-sciences events. This is an efficient way to get some interesting
knowledge and to find new pathways for solutions in order to change the world a little bit.
I am very lucky to live in Canada, a country of plenty, but it is impossible for me to shut my
eyes and not see all the distress millions of people are going through. It is impossible for me to
close my eyes on the destiny of our beautiful planet. At the moment, I currently do my share
by leading a scientific program on the community radio of my city. Once in a month, I give
myself the mission to raise awareness of my audience about ecological problems and scientific
discoveries. For me, finding a scientific topic, to learn about it and to master it the best as I can,
so that I can share it with my audience of my city community through radio waves, constitutes
a deep and fulfilling source of motivation! Feeling that science is accessible to many people and
magical just like those times when I was a kid discovering my world is a marvelous way of
self-empowerment for creating a better world. It is by sharing each other’s knowledge that
science will improve. It is also by changing the current requirements for having access to
scientific/academic institutes/faculties that we will truly see a wind of change and renewal. We
will not change the world to the better by repeating always the same things. Yes, science
should have the mission to build a better, more just, prosperous and sustainable world, but
this will be quite difficult to realize without involving a great number of young people in the
scientific process.
I would like to end with an eloquent quote from the philosopher and genetic scientist, Albert
Jacquard, picked from his book “Equation of the Nenuphar,” when he speaks about society and
the educational system: “A radical change of orientation is mandatory. This consists in
proposing to young people not to hide into fortresses, but to tear town walls.”
41
The Role of Science in Building a Better World: Shifting the Paradigms!!

(Original)
Ruby Karmacharya
(Age 21, Nepal)
Kathmandu University
The last century was an era of scientific feats and marvels of technology. There were
unprecedented developments in science that marked not only the great achievements that
man made in terms of accelerating the development but also the ruthless uses of technology
that slowly made mankind to raise doubts about its future when left totally with the power of
science. It is redundant to discuss the achievements and also the negative impacts of science
because these are discussed everywhere else. I would rather prefer to write more about the
areas that are unique in the context of science and the society.
An important aspect that had been so far undermined is that the last century not only saw the
unimaginable progress in the technological development in all the sectors, but the distribution
of development that had been extremely skewed. Hence, this was also the era of increasing
inequity and there were significant differences between places in reaping the benefits of
development. This, if continues, will create even greater rifts between society and hence the
great works in science will be overshadowed. This applies not only to the differences in the
level of health care between countries, but also in the advances in information technology and
the impacts of climate change. Poor families in sub-Saharan Africa languish with the ravages of
HIV/AIDS without even the access to antiretrovirals. A young student in Latin America
graduates without having touched a computer. Kids in rural Asia make risky journey of hours
just to reach their school. And the list continues. It will be difficult to boast for the marvels of
science, when such disparities hover all around. There is no magic solution to this. However,
due consideration to pro-poor technologies and simultaneous efforts to bring down the costs
will lead to a better world, crafted with the beauties of science. Similarly, the language of
researches and the discussions on various issues are generally limited to the handful of few
experts. Very few things get understood by common people and they have negligible input in
major discussions. Hence, efforts should be taken to make things more understandable and
42
also bringing the common people in the loop. Science represents the truth but truth is not just
limited in science. Hence, if attempts are made to incorporate the social views and values,
science will definitely be in a better state to have an impact in the world.
Another important aspect in this context is the consideration to human values. Technologies
succeed when they are meant to augment human relationship and values, and fail when they
tend to replace these. In the frenzy of the new scientific development, scientists very often
forget these things. The weapons of mass destruction that were initially thought to curb
atrocities are themselves creating the greatest chaos in the world. It is apparent now that
peace is not won by war, neither, victories are gained by confrontations. In the long run,
understanding this will prove to be the key to success for a better world. Another point linked
to this is the harmony with nature. Science can make the world better when it tries to become
a friend of nature, not the rival. Momentous glories seemingly thought to be victories against
nature are ultimately doomed to fail sooner or later. The grave threats the world is facing with
global warming is a testimony to this. Time and again, nature backlashes against the crimes
committed against her. Wise will understand this beforehand and hence take precautions not
to disturb nature, while fools rush in to create empires by destroying the rules of nature.
As a person who grew up in rural Nepal and having seen the sufferings of the people for the
basic lack of health care, I chose to study computer engineering with the hope that someday
I shall be able to use the best of the technology to the rural poor. My special interest is in the
area of telemedicine. If I were to take any such initiative, I shall start with the relationship
building exercise between the rural health workers and the health workers of bigger centers.
Studies have shown that there are more effective consultations when people deal with those
who they know. After this only I shall train the people on the aspects of technology. Although
the road is full of challenges, it is worth trying such a community based and relationship based
approach to telemedicine. We may not expect that it solves all the problems, but at least it
takes primary health care in developing countries a step ahead, which will pave a road to more
successful endeavors of saving lives and reducing human miseries. This is the time to shift
paradigms. A better world is created through lives living happily- and together!!
43

2009 International Essay Contest For Young People List of Winners

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2009 International Essay Contest For Young People List of Winners

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2009 International Essay Contest for Young People

No. of participating countries: 134

Best School Award

Our Sea, Our Future

Science and Struggle: The Fusion of Research and Compassion

Science and technology seem a world away in the vastly populated

Building a Smarter Planet

Electricity for a Change

Amit Jung Himali

Biodegradable Material for Electronic Equipment

Deklarasi Konferensi Anak 2001 tentang Lingkungan Hidup Majalah Bobo

When Science Meets the World

Phang Wen Bin

Furthermore, I wish to spearhead a research in biomedical electronics field. I dream of

Electrical Outages and Influenza

“Hurry up and close it!”

Let It Light the Darkness: A Dream Comes True

Adeline Tiffanie Suwana

Power = Head X Flow X Gravity

Photosynthetic Masks and Global Warming

Dynamic Science: The Makings of a Better World

“Science” Equals “Humans”

The Power of Science Illuminating the World

Proposal: Innovating Solar Power Systems to Improve Lives

Scientific Development and the Coexistence of Animals and Humans

Then, what can I do to help my beloved animals?

Is it possible for me then to become a scientist dedicated to animals instead of a scientist

Favoriser l’accès aux sciences pour construire un monde meilleur

The Role of Science in Building a Better World: Shifting the Paradigms!!

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