1.

1 Background

Too much technological equipment is consumed in the world, so a lot of waste is

formed, as these products do not have great potential to be used after their shelf life

ends, however, the materials they contain if they have great potential both to form

new products, as they are highly toxic and harmful metals that require certain degrees

and skill to be able to handle them.

To do this we can see a little of the previous landscape to the present that shows that

Peru has dabbled within the export of electronic waste, in our country basically has as

products to export such as washing machines, televisions, microwaves, cell phones,

batteries, motherboards, etc. all those that no longer have service life.

The export of e-waste in our country is growing and we can see this in companies such

as RECICLAJE SAN ANTONIO, RIMPE, COIPSA, Peruvian companies that has been

exporting since 2005 with about 12 Ton at the beginning, reaching export 75 Ton in

2012.

All these Peruvian companies have had a significant evolution in the export of

electronic waste to different parts of the world, especially to Europe and Asian

countries.

Peru has as its main partners these products to Japan, first, with more than 5 million

foB value, followed by countries such as China and the USA, this until 2014.

Below, we can see the main waste that we export since 2012, not counting the

percentage that electronic devices such as cell phones, laptops and PCs mean.
We can see the large percentage variation from 2012 to 2020, in terms of televisions,

washing machines, refrigerators, which are the electronic waste that exports the most

in Peru.

Note. Adapted from waste management and management of electrical and electronic

equipment (raee) in Peru, by La Molina ,2013.

It is the evolution that has had the export in tons of devices of PCs and peripherals, we

can see until 2015 a positive increase.

Note. Adapted from waste management and management of electrical and electronic

equipment (raee) in Peru, by La Molina ,2013.

1.2 Justification

This work we make the decision to export electronic waste due to the high demand

that arises in these times of technology, countries waste many electronic devices

containing valuable substances for technology companies, which import a large

amount of these materials, in addition to the estimated that the electronic scrap of the

world contains more than US$62.5 billion in precious materials such as gold , copper

and iron (Global E-waste Monitor ,2017). in addition, electronic waste is well paid in

more industrialized countries.

On the other hand, there is also the issue of pollution,

"E-waste is the fastest growing type of waste in the world and poses social and

environmental risks" (Peter Bakker,2017), which come from developed countries and

also from underdeveloped countries that do not know what to do with this type of

waste and only encourage pollution, global organizations and potential countries seek

to import these waste so that they can contribute in part to the impact of the

environment , treating these products and subsequently returning them non-

hazardous material.
2 CHAPTER 2

2.1 Product description

"Any item that uses an electrical power supply and has reached the end of its useful

life." (OECD, 2001)

The goods discarded inside contain chemical elements considered hazardous, or other

components that must be considered by competent bodies in efficient comprehensive

management, as a hidden danger of environmental pollution, a permanent risk to the

health of living beings and, which can cause continuous damage to the community

(Spiral Review,2019)

The product exported for our project, are electronic waste, which are electronic

devices that have reached the end of their useful life, which nevertheless still contain

valuable materials for technology companies, these waste can be of any kind, such as

battery-free cell phones, microwaves, motherboards, computer fans, mobile batteries,

etc.

These products have as their main characteristic being highly toxic to the skin, organs

and the environment, because these products have high toxic potential due to the

substances inside, such as heavy and corrosive metals.

2.2 Product data sheet

TECHNICAL TAB
Product:

Electronic waste
Electronic devices that have finished their useful life that have valuable components for the

formation of new products.

Features

 Highly toxic

 Highly polluting

 Requires trained personnel for handling

Composition:    
 
 Ferrous metals 38%    

 Non-ferrous metals 28%

 Plastic 19%

 Glass 4%

 Wood 1%

 Metals: Iron, Aluminum, Copper, Silver, Gold,

Palladium

Arsenic, cadmium, Mercury etc.

Function
Provide materials for the formation of new products or

serve for the processing of non-polluting matter.

 
2.3 Uses

The use of these residues is limited, below are the ways in which certain components

of these products can be leveraged:

Metal extraction

It is used for the recovery of scarce and rare metals, such as arsenic or palladium, cell

phone manufacturers and other technology companies look for these rare metals and

seek to reuse them as they are difficult to obtain and expensive.

Chemical separation

Other companies seek to separate valuable chemicals from other components so that

they can be used in new products, and then sell those chemicals.

Decontamination

"Companies in developed countries seek the disassembly of e-waste to reuse or to

prevent further contamination are usually advanced economic programmes to

counteract the pollution they produce"(UNIDO,2015).

Local Recycling

Metals such as irons, aluminum and copper are pressed and shipped to foundries for

the production of new products.

3.4 International transport

3.4.1 Justification of the means of transport to be used

For this export maritime transport was used, because the costs were low and the

arrival time at the port of destination was minimal and non-stop, in addition maritime

transport was the best way to transport these products, since they are not susceptible

to temperature changes and no additional conditioning is necessary, only trained

personnel.

That is why the best alternative was to opt for shipping, as it brought many advantages

and was profitable to the company.

3.4.2 International transport route

The export of electronic waste is transported to Panama, for which the Callao-Rodman

route was used, which is a smaller port, but under the conditions of the buyer the

goods had to reach that port.

The route to this port starts in Callao, is one of the few direct routes to Panama does

not make stops in other countries and goes directly to Panama, makes stops at

Peruvian ports like Paita, hence it goes directly towards Rodman, the time of transit at

sea is about 6 days, which makes it a very convenient route , and the cost is low.
Note. Adapted from Port of Balboa to Rodman NavalStation, by Ports.com,2020.

3.6 Documents required for export

Below are the most important documents at the time of export, in this case the

documents that I use the company to be able to make the export to Panama will be

displayed.

 Commercial invoice

The commercial invoice is the document that the exporter issues to the importer as

proof of the sale made, contains all the information related to the commercial

transaction, in this case the commercial invoice of the electronic waste, show the

quantity that is sent, as well as the price.

  Cargo Manifesto

This is the Document containing information regarding the means or unit of transport,

number of packages, weight and identification of the goods comprising the cargo

(SIICEX,2014)

 Bill of lading

The Bill of Lading is a document that serves as evidence of the contract of carriage

between the consignor and the shipping company. It is issued by the shipping company

or its agent and it is stated that the goods have been received to be transported to the

port of destination on board the indicated vessel, and under the conditions agreed

between the seller and the buyer of the goods.

 Single customs declaration

Document with which the export procedure culminates, the information contained in

the other commercial documents must be entered therein.

 Certificate of origin

Many times it is also necessary to have a certificate of origin to prove that the product

is originating in our country, however, for this export this document is not required.
 4. CHAPTER 4: EXPORT COSTS

4.1 EXW value determination Proforma

4.1.1 Production costs

Concept Amount
Purchase of waste (0.27 x kg) 3,530.25

4.1.2 Export packaging costs

Concept Amount
Sacks (6.50 x c/u) 208.0
Tags (2.90 c/u) 95.7

4.1.3 Margin or utility

The margin established by the exporter is 30% on costs, considering that it is a

profitable profit with respect to all the expenses that it has tomake.

4.4 export quote

Cal. 4 urb. Vulcan 137 Ate, Lima, Peru

Phone: +51 1 2707749
comercial@remesac.com.pe

Date/Date: Lot No.

November,8th,2016
OFFER VALID 10 DAYS Notify:
BG METAL TRADE INC
1ST STREET MANZANA 30, FRANCE FIELD
Panama
Charging port/Port of loading: Destination Port/ Port of Destiny:
Maritime, Callao-Peru Panama INTL Rodman Terminal
INCOTERM:FOB-PORT CALLAO-PERU RODMAN, November,8th,2016
Unit
Quantity/ price/ Total Amount/
Item Description/ Decription
Quantity Unit Total amount
price
32
packages

Electronic scraps

TOTAL NET WEIGHT:13,075 Ton 1950.00 25 496.25

$25,496.25
TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND FOUR HUNDRED AND NINETY-SIX
Total: AND 25/100 US DOLLAR

La Molina (2013). Management and waste management of electrical and electronic

equipment (weee) in Peru.

http://www.lamolina.edu.pe/ciqtobia/Presentaciones/IIISRRSSP/Reciclaje_de_Residuo

s_Solidos/GESTION_MANEJO_RESIDUOS_APARATOS_ELECTRICOS_ELECTRONICOS_PE

RU.pdf

https://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/es/2014/03/article_0001.html

https://www.foroconsultivo.org.mx/INCyTU/documentos/Completa/INCYTU_18-

008.pdf

UNITED (2015). Helping Latin America with its electronic waste management

https://www.unido.org/news/ayudando-america-latina-con-su-gestion-de-residuos-

electronicos

BBC(2019)Electronic trash in 4 charts: how the world wastes US$62.5 billion each year.

https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-47032919

https://repositorioacademico.upc.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/10757/626003/LandaH_R.pdf?
sequence=3&isAllowed=y