Guideline For Reusable Parts And Salvage Operations

Slipper Followers and Camshaft Roller Followers

Media Number -SEBF8067-06 Publication Date -20/03/2000 Date Updated -07/12/2001

   
SEBF80670001

Slipper Followers and Camshaft Roller Followers

SMCS - 1209

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SEBF8067-06
March 2000
SMCS Code: 1209

GUIDELINE FOR
REUSABLE PARTS
AND SALVAGE
OPERATIONS
Slipper Followers and Camshaft Roller Followers

Summary of Revisions

Page Description

All Revised Format.

1 Added information to the Summary.

4 Revised Chart A.

8 Revised Chart B.
Introduction
This Guideline enables dealers and their customers to benefit from cost reductions
made possible through an established parts reusability and salvage program. Every
effort has been made to provide the most current and relevant information known to
Caterpillar Inc. Since the Company makes ongoing changes and improvements to its
products, this Guideline must be used with the latest technical information available
from Caterpillar to ensure such changes and improvements are incorporated where
applicable.

For questions or additional information concerning this Guideline, contact Caterpillar

Service Support Division, Dealer Support (309) 675-5156.

 
Summary
Caterpillar uses both slipper and roller type followers on the camshafts of its engines. In
the past, the recommendation was to install new slipper followers during replacement of
the camshaft. This Guideline gives the most current information available on the subject
as well as on the reuse of roller followers. Use this Guideline, along with the engine
specific Guidelines, as the only source of reference from now on.

During the operation of any engine, each slipper or roller follower wears to a specific fit
with the cam lobe it runs against. At the point of contact, each follower and lobe has a
similar wear pattern (design).

Note: See Guideline For Reusable Parts SEBF8097, "Camshaft Measurement",

for maximum allowable wear on camshaft lobes.

NOTICE

It is recommended that used followers

be installed in their original bores during
reassembly. If they are not, the
difference in wear patterns can result in
a faster rate of wear or in failure.

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When replacement parts are required for

this product Caterpillar recommends
using Caterpillar replacement parts or
parts with equivalent specifications
including, but not limited to, physical
dimensions, type, strength and material.

Failure to heed this warning can lead to

premature failures, product damage,
personal injury or death.

It is also recommended that a mark be placed on each follower during disassembly for
positive identification of the correct sequence during assembly. Never permit followers
to become mixed or install them against a different lobe. Because slipper followers and
roller followers have different wear characteristics, recommendations for their reuse are
also different. One recommendation for both is to never install a used follower of any
type with a new camshaft unless the follower is in "like new" condition.

Slipper and roller followers that are used again according to the information given here
will give normal performance until the next overhaul of the engine.

Put oil on all followers at assembly. Check your Service Manual for the lubrication
method. Normally, a good method is to put roller followers in clean engine oil
immediately before installation. Slipper followers should be coated with 8T-2998
Lubricant prior to assembly.

References

References

Media Number Title

SEBF8034 Valves and Valve Spring Specifications

SEBF8097 Camshaft Measurement

 
Tooling and Equipment

Required Tools
 Part Number Part Description

– Magnetic base

3P-1568 Dial Indicator

8S-2257 Loupe

Procedure to Clean Followers

Use any good quality solvent (with a petroleum base). Make sure the solvent is clean,
especially for roller followers. Clearances in the roller followers are very tight and foreign
material or debris can easily cause damage.

Visual Inspection
Slipper (solid type) Followers
Illustration 1 shows the condition of the contact surface in a new slipper follower.
Illustrations 2, 3, 6 and 7 show some of the more common types of wear to slipper
followers. Remember these four things when you work with slipper followers:

1. For good service life, each slipper follower must be installed in its original
location so that it runs against the same camshaft lobe.
2. You can install a new slipper follower on a used camshaft, if the camshaft does
not have lobe wear that can be easily seen or felt and if the original slipper
follower also had a normal, smooth wear pattern. If either the slipper follower or
the camshaft lobe has heavy wear, it is Caterpillar’s recommendation to install a
replacement camshaft.
3. If you install a new camshaft, use new or reconditioned/salvaged followers if
there was any wear pattern on the original slipper follower.
4. A slipper follower is wearing normally if the surface has a mirror-like texture. If
the camshaft surface of the lifter is dull, chances are that the lifter (and camshaft)
are wearing rapidly and should be replaced.

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Illustration 1

The contact surface is convex (higher at the center) on a new slipper follower.

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Illustration 2

The contact surface of this used slipper follower is concave (lower at the center). Wear goes to the outside diameter and has caused a rough
edge.

Do not use again

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Illustration 3

The contact surface of this slipper follower is concave.

Use again

if it meets specifications shown in Illustration 4.

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Illustration 4

Use again if dimension "B" is 0.25 mm (.010 in) or less than dimension "A". This type of wear is only allowable if the follower is installed on
the same camshaft lobe and if the camshaft meets reuse specifications listed in SEBF8097.

Procedure to Measure Slipper Wear

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Illustration 5

Checking maximum allowable concave wear.

Check the maximum allowable concave wear.

1. Put the follower on a surface plate as shown in Illustration 5.

2. Install a 3P-1568 Dial Indicator on a magnetic base.
3. Measure the height between the highest point "A" and point "B".

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Illustration 6

Wear is circumferential (circles of wear). This is normal wear.

Use again

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Illustration 7

Some of the wear is not circumferential; this shows that rotation of this slipper in its bore has not been constant.

Do not use again

Roller Followers
Maximum Wear Limits

Maximum wear limits have been established to aid in determining the reusability of
camshaft roller followers. Use Chart A and Illustration 8 to determine wear.

Chart A.

Maximum Allowable Total Movement for Reusability

Direction of Direction of Direction of

Engine Movement A Movement B Movement C

3208T 0.178 (.007) 0.178 (.007) 0.508 (.020)

3400 0.178 (.007) 0.178 (.007) 0.508 (.020)

All dimensions are in mm (in).

Note: Refer to Guidelines for Reusable parts and Salvage Operations,

SEBF8191, "Camshaft Roller Followers, 3500 Family of Engines", for engine
dimensions.
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Illustration 8

Movement of the roller in the "B" direction is normal. If movement in the "A" direction is more than that in the "B" direction, the cause is heavy
pin or roller wear. Check also for greater than normal movement in the "C" direction.

General Guidelines

Remember these five guidelines when you work with roller followers:

1. Generally, used roller followers can be used again with a new camshaft. Install
used roller followers in their original bores (and original direction, as for 3500
Series Engines).
2. A new roller follower can be installed on a used camshaft if the camshaft does
not have lobe wear that can be easily seen or felt. The original roller follower also
must have a normal, smooth wear pattern. If either the roller follower or the
camshaft lobe has heavy wear, it is Caterpillar’s recommendation to install a
replacement camshaft.
3. If replacement of a camshaft was the result of damage to one or more of its
lobes, do not use the followers that operated against the damaged lobes.
4. Check the roller for more than normal movement. Do not use any rollers which
feel abnormally loose or which do not turn smoothly. Pin or roller wear, which is
shown in Illustration 8, is not acceptable.
5. Check for surface damage. There must be no pits, corrosion or smeared material on the
contact surfaces. Inspect each follower carefully with an 8S-2257 Loupe (Illustration 9).
Surfaces that look and feel acceptable can have very small pitting or defects which
cannot be seen without a loupe. As long as the surface is free of defects, circumferential
wear patterns are acceptable unless they can be felt with a fingernail.

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Illustration 9

8S-2257 Loupe.

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Illustration 10

Light circumferential wear. This is normal wear.

Use again

Note: On some models, the roller cannot be removed from the follower.

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Illustration 11

Light circumferential wear. This is normal wear.

Use again

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Illustration 12

Heavy pitting or galling.

Do not use again

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Illustration 13

Light circumferential wear that cannot be felt with a fingernail.

Use again

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Illustration 14

While this pitting is not heavy, it is still not acceptable.

Do not use again

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Illustration 15

Some wear is not circumferential. This type of wear can be an indication that the roller has not turned correctly on the shaft; scuffing is at an
angle across the roller (between the arrows).

Do not use again

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Illustration 16

Damage caused by pin or roller wear.

Do not use again

Salvage of Slipper Followers
Chart C gives specifications and Illustration 17 shows the location of measurement for
Caterpillar slipper followers that have been ground. The specifications given in the
Minimum "Use again" Length column are the minimum dimensions after 0.25 mm (.010
in) has been ground off the follower.

To measure the Minimum "Use again" Length, put the correct ball in the end of the slipper
follower as shown. Measure the distance (with a micrometer) over the end of the follower and
the outside diameter of the ball as shown in Illustration 17.

Notice

Make sure the follower is not shorter

than the dimension in the Minimum "Use
again" Length column. Short followers
can result in early wear of the camshaft
and follower because the follower does
not have the necessary hardness.

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Illustration 17

Measuring Minimum "Use again" Length.

The surface finish of the follower must be 0.20 micrometers (8 microinches) or smoother. (Some
new or used followers may have a layer of protection over their surface which will make the
surface finish rougher). See Guideline For Reusable Parts SEBF8034, "Valves and Valve Spring
Specifications", for a list of suppliers of surface finish analyzers.

Chart B.

Lifter Body Specifications

Minimum Outside
Engine Typical Part No. Body Diameter

D342 5S-1220 25.280 (.9953)

D343 5M-2277 45.898 (1.8070)

D353 2H-3069 25.280 (.9953)

6.25" vee 5L-5486 25.280 (.9953)

32001 9L-6931 29.413 (1.1579)

3300 7S-3161 33.249 (1.3090)

34001 4W-7108 27.856 (1.0962)

1
Roller follower
Note: All dimensions are in mm (in).
Refer to Guideline for Reusable parts and Salvage Operations, SEBF8191, "Camshaft Roller Followers 3500 Family of Engines," for engine
information.

Note: Remove all raised material from outside diameter of the lifter.

The slipper face must be crowned (higher at the center, with a constant radius). The
radius must be the same as a new lifter of the same part number. Approximate radii are
shown in Chart C.

Use a dressing stone to shape the stone to the correct radius. To check the radius,
lightly grind the face of a new lifter and check for correct profile (shape).

The raised area (crown) on the slipper follower must be exactly symmetrical (on the
same centerline) to the sides of the follower. There are two quality control checks you
can make regularly to check the grinding machine.

1. Check crown runout (Total Indicator Reading).

a. Use a good quality dial indicator (3P-1568 Dial Indicator) and the specifications
shown in Illustration 18 as a reference.
b. Put the tip of the indicator at point "A" or "C", while the follower is on the grinder.
c. Turn the follower from "A" to "C" and back to "A". The dial indicator must not
move more than the T.I.R. shown in Chart C.
 1. Check for the correct amount of radius or "crown".

a. Put the follower on a surface plate as shown in Illustration 18.

b. Install a 3P-1568 Dial Indicator on a magnetic base and measure the height ("H"
in Chart C) between the highest point "B" and locations "A" and "C".
c. The difference must be acceptable according to the specifications in Chart C.

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Illustration 18

References to check crown runout and radius correctly.

Chart C.

Reference Dimensions

Typical Minimum
Part "Use again" Ball Part Ball Approximate Checking Height -
Engine Number Length Number Diameter Radius on Face T.I.R. Diameter (H) of Crown

1100 3100 9N-5786 54.69 (2.153) 145645 4B- 11.113 3962 (156.0) 0.0191 19.05 (.750) 0.0076 - 0.0152
3200 9783 9J- (.438) (.00075) (.0003 - .0006)
4871

3300 7S-3161 66.55 (2.624) 145645 4B- 11.113 2032 (80.0) 0.020 25.40 0.031 - 0.051 (.0012
9783 (.438) (.00078) (1.000) - .0020)

D342 5S-1220 133.53 (5.257) 1F425 11.910 11940 (470.1) 0.038 38.10 0.005 - 0.025 (.0002
(.469) (.0015) (1.500) - .0010)

D343 5M-2277 59.44 (2.340) N/A N/A 2032 (80.0) 0.025 25.40 0.030 - 0.051 (.0012
(.0010) (1.000) - .0020)
 D353 2H-3069 165.28 (6.507) 1F425 11.910 11940 (470.1) 0.038 38.10 0.005 - 0.025 (.0002
(.469) (.0015) (1.500) - .0010)

6.25" Vee 5L-5486 123.22 (4.851) 1F425 11.910 11940 (470.1) 0.038 38.10 0.005 - 0.025 (.0002
(.469) (.0015) (1.500) - .0010)

Note: Dimensions are in mm (in).

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