Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Engineering College

(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)

(Accredited with ‘A’ Grade by NAAC & Accredited by NBA)
Perambalur – 621 212

Department of Aeronautical Engineering

AE 8301 | Aero Engineering Thermodynamics

Question Bank

2 Marks

Unit – III Air Standard Cycles

1. Differentiate between energy and exergy. (R13, Apr/May 2017)

2. Define available energy and unavailable energy. (R13, Nov/Dec 2016)
3. What are the assumptions in air standard cycle? (R08, Apr/May 2015)
4. How does the change in compression ratio affect the air standard efficiency of an ideal
Otto Cycle? (R13, Nov/Dec 2016)
5. Write the effect of compression ratio on engine thermal efficiency of an Otto cycle with
a suitable graph. (R13, Apr/May 2015)
6. Sketch the T-s diagram and p-v diagram of Otto cycle. (R08, Apr/May 2015)
7. Plot the Ideal Otto cycle on a p-V diagram.
8. State the four processes of the Diesel cycle. (R08, Apr/May 2017)
9. Draw the p-v and T-s diagram for Brayton cycle. (R13, Apr/May 2017)
10. Define – Compression ratio, Pressure ratio.
11. For a given compression ratio; the air standard Diesel cycle is less efficient than air
standard Otto cycle. Explain.
12. Compare the combustion process of Otto, Diesel and Dual cycles.
13. What is an air standard efficiency and relative efficiency? (R08, Nov/Dec 2015), (R08,
Nov/Dec 2016)
14. Define: Mean effective pressure. (R08, Nov/Dec 2015), (R08, Nov/Dec 2016)
15. What is mean effective pressure? How is it calculated? (R13, Apr/May 2015)
16. What is the significance of mean effective pressure? (R08, Apr/May 2015)
17. Show the p-V diagrams of two stroke and four stroke engines.
18. Define the Break Mean Effective Pressure for any IC Engine.
19. Identify the processes in the Stirling Cycle. (R17, Apr/May 2019)
Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Engineering College, Perambalur – 621 212. AUC R2017
Unit – IV Properties of Pure Substance and Power Cycle

20. What is a pure substance?

21. Draw and explain a p-T diagram for a pure substance. (R13, Apr/May 2017)
22. What is the difference between saturated liquid and compressed liquid? (R13, Apr/May 2015)
23. What is normal boiling point?
24. Define the Critical Point.
25. What is triple point? What are the values of temperature and pressure of water at triple
point? (R13, Nov/Dec 2016)
26. What is the difference between the critical point and the triple point? (R13, Apr/May 2015)
27. What is meant by Specific Steam Consumption in a Rankine cycle? (R08, Apr/May 2015)
28. Name the different process of Rankine’s cycle in T-s diagram.
29. Sketch the diagram of Components of Rankine’s cycle.
30. What are the advantages and disadvantages of reheating? (R13, Nov/Dec 2016)
31. State the advantages of regenerative cycle/simple Rankine cycle. (R13, Apr/May 2017)

Big Questions

Unit – III Air Standard Cycles

1. An engine working on the Otto cycle is supplied with air at 0.1 MPa, 35 ºC. The
compression ratio is 10. Heat supplied is 2400 kJ/kg. Calculate the maximum pressure
and temperature of the cycle, the cycle efficiency and the mean effective pressure.
Take Cp, Cv and R as 1005 J/kg-K, 718 J/kg-K and 287 J/kg-K respectively.
(R08, Apr/May 2015) (16)

2. i. What is an Ideal Otto cycle? How does it differ from actual cycle? Draw the p-V
diagram for the ideal and actual cycles. (6)
ii. The maximum temperature and pressure of an Otto cycle are 200 ºC and 100 kPa.
The amount of heat addition to the air per cycle is 1480 kJ/kg. Find the pressure
and temperature at all points of the cycle, the specific work output and thermal
efficiency of the cycle for the compression ratio of 6:1. Assume the C v as
0.72 kJ/kg.K and gamma as 1.4. (R13, Apr/May 2015) (10)

3. An engine works on Otto cycle. The initial pressure and temperature of the air is 1 bar
and 40 ºC. 825 kJ of heat is supplied per kg of air at the end of the compression. Find
the temperature and pressure at the salient points if the compression ratio is 6. Also
find the efficiency and mean effective pressure for the cycle. Assume air is used as
working fluid and take all ideal conditions. (R13, Nov/Dec 2016) (13)

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Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Engineering College, Perambalur – 621 212. AUC R2017
4. i. Explain the operating principle of two and four stroke engines with neat sketches
and highlight the basic differences between the two. (10)
ii. Derive an expression for the thermal efficiency of Diesel cycle and discuss its
implications. (R08, Apr/May 2017) (6)

5. Drive the Thermal Efficiency and the Mean Effective Pressure of an Ideal Diesel Cycle
(16)
in terms of the compression ratio, pressure ratio and the adiabatic index. (R08, Nov/Dec
2016), (R13, Nov/Dec 2016) (13)

6. i. Derive the expression for the air standard efficiency of a diesel cycle. (8)
ii. An air standard ideal cycle using air as the working fluid has a compression ratio
of 16 and cut off ratio of 2. The intake conditions are 100 kPa, 20 ºC and displace
value of 2000 cm3. Using cold air standard assumptions determine: (a) The
temperature and pressure at the end of each process (b) The net work output.
(c) Thermal efficiency of cycle. (R13, Apr/May 2015) (8)

7. An ideal cycle using air as the working fluid has a compression ratio of 18 and cut off
ratio of 3. The intake conditions are 150 kPa, 25 ºC and 2500 cm3. Determine:
i. The net work output. (6)
ii. Thermal efficiency of cycle. (6)
iii. The mean effective pressure. (R08, Apr/May 2015) (4)

8. An air standard Diesel cycle has a compression ratio of 18 and the heat transferred to
the working fluid per cycle is 1800 kJ/kg. At the beginning of the compression stroke,
the pressure is 1 bar and the temperature is 300 K. Calculate:
i. Thermal efficiency, (8)
ii. The mean effective pressure. (R08, Nov/Dec 2015), (R13, Apr/May 2017) (8)

9. i. Briefly mention the assumptions under which the performance of an air standard
cycle is analysed. (4)
ii. A vegetable oil engine works on dual cycle, the heat released during the constant
pressure process being the twice of that released during the constant volume
process. Given compression ratio is 8.5 and expansion ratio is 5.5, with the
compression and expansion processes occurring as per the relation 𝑝𝑉 1.3 = 𝐶,
pressure and temperature at the beginning of compression are 1 bar and 27 °C
respectively. Assume Cp=1004 J/kg.K, Cv=717 J/kg.K for air. Calculate the air
standard efficiency and mean effective pressure. (R08, Nov/Dec 2016) (12)

10. An air standard cycle is executed in a closed system and consists of the following four
process:
1-2 isentropic compression from 102 kPa and 15 °C to 612 kPa.
2-3 constant pressure heat addition of 485 kJ/kg.
3-4 isentropic expansion to 102 kPa.
4-1 constant pressure heat rejection to the initial state.

Gurunath Kaliyaperumal – AE 8301 Aero Engineering Thermodynamics | 3

Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Engineering College, Perambalur – 621 212. AUC R2017
i. Draw T-s diagram for the above processes. (4)
ii. Calculate the net work output per unit mass and the thermal efficiency.
(R08, Apr/May 2017) (12)

Unit – IV Properties of Pure Substance and Power Cycle

11. Show the Rankine cycle on p-v and T-s diagrams and explain the processes involved.
Also draw the mechanical system to show different processes of the Rankine cycle.
(R08, Apr/May 2015), (R08, Nov/Dec 2016) (16)

12. i. Describe a simple ideal Rankine cycle with a schematic diagram. Explain the
processes involved by T-s diagram. (8)
ii. A steam power plant operates between a boiler pressure of 4 MPa and 300 °C and
a condenser pressure of 50 kPa. Determine the thermal efficiency of the cycle
assuming the cycle to be a simple ideal Rankine cycle. (R08, Apr/May 2017) (8)

13. In a Rankine cycle, the steam at inlet to turbine is saturated at a pressure of 30 bar and
the exhaust pressure is 0.25 bar. Determine:
a. The pump work
b. Turbine work
c. Dryness at the end of expansion
d. Rankine efficiency
e. Condenser heat flow. (R08, Nov/Dec 2015) (16)

14. In a closed vessel the 100 kg of steam at 100 kPa, 0.5 dry is to be brought to a pressure
of 1000 kPa inside vessel. Determine the mass of dry saturated steam admitted at
2000 kPa for raising pressure. Also determine the final quality. (R13, Nov/Dec 2016) (13)

15. In a steam turbine steam at 20 bar, 360 °C is expanded to 8 bar. It then enters a
condenser, where it is condensed to saturated liquid water. The pump feeds back the
water into the boiler. Assuming ideal processes, find per kg of steam, the network and
the cycle efficiency. (R08, Apr/May 2015), (R08, Nov/Dec 2016) (16)

16. Steam at 1 MPa and 500 °C enters a converging-diverging nozzle with negligible
velocity. The mass flow rate of the steam is 3 kg/s and the pressure at the nozzle exit
is 200 kPa. The flow is isentropic between the nozzle entrance and the throat, and the
overall efficiency is 90 %. Determine
i. The throat area and the exit area, and
ii. The Mach number at the throat and also at the nozzle exit. (R08, Apr/May 2017) (16)

17. i. A pressure cooker contains 1.5 kg of steam at 5 bar and 0.9 dryness when the gas
was switched off. Determine the quantity of heat rejected by the pressure cooker
when the pressure in the cooker falls to 1 bar. (7)

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Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Engineering College, Perambalur – 621 212. AUC R2017
ii. Steam at 19 bar is throttled to 1 bar and the temperature after throttling is found
to be 150°C. Calculate the initial dryness fraction of the steam. (R13, Apr/May
2017) (6)

18. i. What is a regenerative cycle? Why is it essential for a thermal power plant? (4)
ii. A thermal power plant operating on the ideal regenerative Rankine cycle with one
closed feed water heater. Steam enters the turbine at 3 MPa and 400 °C and is
condensed in the condenser at a pressure of 10 MPa. Some quantity of steam is
extracted from the turbine at a pressure of 0.6 MPa and enters the open feed water
heater. Compute the fraction of the steam extracted from the turbine and the
thermal efficiency of the cycle. (R13, Apr/May 2015) (12)

19. In a regenerative cycle, the inlet conditions are 40 bar and 400 °C. Steam is bled at
10 bar in regenerative heating. The exit pressure is 0.8 bar. Neglecting pump work.
Determine the efficiency of the cycle. (R13, Apr/May 2017) (13)

20. In a single heater regenerative cycle, the steam enters the turbine at 30 bar, 400 °C and
the exhaust pressure is 0.1 bar. The feed water heater is a direct contact type which
operates at 5 bar. Find:
i. The efficiency and the steam rate of the cycle, and
ii. The increase in mean temperature of heat addition, efficiency and steam rate as
compared to the Rankine cycle (without regeneration) neglect pump work.
(R13, Apr/May 2015) (15)

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