ECEN5817 Lecture 36

Turn in HW9

HW10 due in class on Monday, April 23. The one-week grace period for
off-campus students expires 5pm MT on Monday, April 30

1 ECEN 5817
 Two-transistor (synchronous rectifier)
ZVS-QSW switch cell
Converter examples
High-frequency view of the switch network
Q
D

Q D
D

Q D
Basic switch implementation options

Q: current-bidirectional (e.g. MOSFET)

D: single-quadrant
single quadrant (diode)

Q: current-bidirectional (e.g. MOSFET)

D: current-bidirectional synchronous rectifier
(e.g. MOSFET)
Q D

2 ECEN 5817
 Two-transistor (synchronous-rectifier) ZVS-QSW
Lr
D1
i1(t) i2(t) I
+ + +
L
Q1
Vg + v1(t) D2 Cr v2(t) C R V
–

– – –

• Resonant transitions but transistor and conduction intervals are similar

to PWM; peak voltages are the same as in hard-switched PWM
• Tank capacitor is in parallel with all semiconductor devices, hence all
semiconductors operate with ZVS
• Peak currents are increased, and are similar to DCM
• Constant-frequency duty-cycle control, similar to standard PWM, is
possible
• ZVS
ZVS-QSW
QSW (resonant-transition)
( tt iti ) conceptt extends
t d tto a number
b off other
th
important practical soft-switching converters

3 ECEN 5817
 2-transistor ZVS-QSW: state plane
Lr
D1
i1(t) i2(t) I
+ +
L  +
Q1
Vg V+–1 v1(t) D2 Cr v2(t) C
V1R V

– – _ –

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Waveforms and definition
of duty cycle, 2 transistors

• Here, the controller duty

cycle Dc is defined as the
dutyy cycle
y that would be
chosen by a conventional
PWM chip
• The resonant transitions are
“dead times” that occur at
the beginning of the DTs and
D’Ts intervals

5 ECEN 5817
 Constant-frequency control characteristics
of the 2-switch ZVS-QSW

Constant frequency, duty cycle control:

Low output impedance, µ doesn’t depend much on J
Very similar
V i il tto conventional
ti l PWM CCM switch,
it h bbutt exhibits
hibit ZVS over a range
of operating points

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2-switch ZVS-QSW: ZVS boundary

Reducing F = fs/f0 leads

to ZVS over a wider
range of µ and J

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 AC (small-signal dynamic)
modeling of quasi-resonant converters

Quasi-resonant converters inherit properties of PWM parents, with switch

conversion ratio  playing the role of the PWM switch duty cycle d

AC modeling approach:
• Start from (v,i,f
(v i fs) found for the resonant switch
• Perturb and linearize

• Replace d with  in the small-signal AC dynamic model of the PWM

parent converter (from ECEN5797 Intro to PE)

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Example 1: Full-wave ZCS-QR Buck

9 ECEN 5817
 Small-signal AC model of the PWM buck converter

Textbook, Fig.7.17(a)

10 ECEN 5817
Small-signal AC model of the full-wave ZCS-QR buck

11 ECEN 5817