ME1A-74 - 20161118 - Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods

X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETER
Supermini200
MAIN POINTS OF LIQUID ANALYSIS METHODS
RIGAKU CORPORATION
ME1A-74 20161118
Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods
CONTENTS
1. OUTLINE ..................................................................................................... 1
2. ACCESSORIES TO BE USED FOR MEASUREMENTS ............................. 2

2.1 SAMPLE CELLS .................................................................................................................. 2
2.2 SAMPLE HOLDERS ............................................................................................................ 2
3. SAMPLE PROTECTION FILMS................................................................... 3

3.1 X-RAY TRANSMITTANCE ................................................................................................... 3
3.2 CHEMICAL RESISTANCE AND X-RAY RESISTANCE OF HIGH POLYMER FILMS .......... 4
3.3 OTHER PRECAUTIONS ..................................................................................................... 6
4. SETTING FOR SQX (SEMIQUANTITATIVE) ANALYSIS ............................. 7

4.1 APPLICATION FILE ............................................................................................................. 7
4.2 QUALITATIVE RANGE SELECTION ................................................................................... 9
4.3 SAMPLE PREPARATION INFORMATION ........................................................................ 10
4.4 SETTING OF ANALYSIS PARAMETERS .......................................................................... 11
4.5 SETTING OF MEASURING CONDITION.......................................................................... 12
4.6 OUTPUT INFORMATION .................................................................................................. 14
5. EXAMPLES OF MEASUREMENTS OF STRONG ACID SOLUTIONS ..... 15

5.1 RESISTANCE OF SAMPLE PROTECTION FILMS AGAINST STRONG ACIDS .............. 15
5.2 MEASURES AGAINST VOLATILE GAS ............................................................................ 17
5.3 CAUTIONS CONCERNING MEASUREMENT OF STRONG ACID .................................. 18
6. SUPPLEMENT TO CAUTIONS CONCERNING SOLUTION ANALYSIS ... 19
Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual i-1

Main Points of Liquid Analysis Methods
i-2 Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual

1. OUTLINE
One of the features of the X-ray fluorescence analysis is that it is possible to measure liquid,
solid and powder samples rapidly as they are. Unlike a solid or powder sample, a liquid
sample is generally measured with the sample chamber kept in the helium atmosphere. A
sample protection film made of polypropylene, Mylar or the like is stuck on a dedicated
liquid sample cell, and solution is poured in it for a measurement.
When an analysis is made using the liquid method, a sample protection film may be torn,
solution in a cell may scatter and a serious accident to the instrument may occur. Factors of
the breakage of a sample protection film are as follows:
(1) Chemical resistance of a sample protection film against a sample

(2) X-ray resistance of a sample protection film (CHO bond is broken by X-rays
and mechanical strength weakens.)
(3) Damage to a sample protection film because of the activation of solution by
X-ray irradiation
Measures against each factor of breakage are as follows:
Concerning Factor (1), the chemical resistance of a sample protection film against a
sample to be analyzed must be investigated.
Concerning factors (2) and (3), the load (kV-mA) of the X-ray tube must be reduced,
a measurement time must be shortened and a thicker sample protection film must
be used.
Since the basic knowledge of solution is also very important information, sufficient care
must be taken when analyzing a completely unknown sample.
This manual describes methods to measure liquid samples using the Supermini200 and
precautions concerning measurements.
Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual 1

Supermini200 Main Points of Liquid Analysis Methods
2. ACCESSORIES TO BE USED FOR

MEASUREMENTS
2.1 SAMPLE CELLS
Shown below are sample cells to be used for liquid analyses using the Supermini 200:
Cat.No. (Name) Remark
3399N182 (CH1340) ID: 32mm, OD: 40mm, With Lid
3399N187 (CH1540) ID: 32mm, OD: 40mm, Double Open Type
For details, see the catalog “SAMPLE PREPARATION INSTRUMENTS AND

ACCESSORIES FOR X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS”.
2.2 SAMPLE HOLDERS

Shown below are accessories to be used for liquid analyses:
Cat.No. Name
3009B013 Helium Sample Holder
3016B015 Center Ring for Sample Cell
Put a center ring in a helium sample holder, and then put a sample cell. If the film
protrudes from the top of the holder by 5mm or more, cut it using scissors or the like.
Helium Sample Holder
Center Ring
After Putting Sample Cell
2 Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual

3. SAMPLE PROTECTION FILMS

The materials of sample protection films are roughly classified into polypropylene, polyester
(Mylar) and polyimide. These differ in mechanical strength, chemical resistance, X-ray
resistance, transmittance of X-rays, etc., and a suitable material must be selected according
to an application. They are listed below:
 List of High Polymer Films Used for Sample Protection
Roll Type (76mm in width by 91.4m in length)

Thickn
Cat. No. Name ess
(m)
3399N001 Ultra-Polyester （CH090） 1.5
3399N002 Mylar （CH100） 2.5
3399N005 Mylar （CH150） 3.6
3399N008 Mylar （CH250） 6.0
3399N013 Prolene （CH416） 4.0
3399N015 Polypropylene （CH425） 6.0
3399N018 Polyimide (Kapton) （CH440） 7.5
3399N019*1 Polyimide (Kapton) （CH442） 7.5
3399N023 Polypropylene （CH475） 12.0
3399G001*2 Polyester 6.0
3399G003*2 Polypropylene 6.0
3399G002*3 Polyester 5.0
3399G004*3 Polypropylene 6.0
*1: 3399N019: 15.2m in length

*2: 3399G001、3399G003: 83mm in width by 100m in length
*3: 3399G002、3399G004: 190mm in width by 100m in length
Although only the roll type is shown above, films that have been cut into rectangles and
circles are also available. For details, see the catalog “SAMPLE PREPARATION
INSTRUMENTS AND ACCESSORIES FOR X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS”.
3.1 X-RAY TRANSMITTANCE

The X-ray transmittance values of the typical films in the above table are shown on the graph
on the next page. As shown in the graph, most films hardly transmit X-rays with about the
same wavelengths as that of the F-KA line. Films with greater mechanical strength generally
have smaller transmittance for X-rays with long wavelengths.

 X-Ray Transmittance of Films
Cu Ti Ca Cl P Si Al Mg Na F (KA)
1 ① 1.5μ m Ultra-polyester
ウルトラポリエステル（CH090）
(CH090)
② 4.0μ m Prolene
プロレン (CH416)
(CH416)
③ 6.0μ m Polypropylene
ポリプロピレン (RS1440-P)
(CH425)
0.8 ⑩12.0μ mMylar
ポリプロピレン(CH475)
(CH150)
⑨ 5.0μ m Polypropylene (CH475)
マイラー (RS1440-F)
④ 6.0μ m Mylar
マイラー(CH250)
(CH250)
Transmittance
⑦ 7.5μ m Kapton
キャプトン(CH442)
0.6
(CH442)
透過率
0.4
0.2
0
0 5 10 15 20
波長(A)(A)
Wavelength
3.2 CHEMICAL RESISTANCE AND X-RAY

RESISTANCE OF HIGH POLYMER FILMS
The typical chemical resistance and X-ray resistance of high polymer films are shown in the
table on the next page.
As shown in the table, polypropylene is strong and Mylar is weak against acid solutions.
When analyzing an actual sample, as described in “5. EXAMPLES OF MEASUREMENTS
OF STRONG ACID SOLUTIONS”, it is recommended that solution to be analyzed be
poured into a cell with a high polymer film stuck on it and the condition be observed for
about one hour. If a swell or a tear is found on the high polymer film, stop using that film
promptly and consider employing a film of another material.
A film also deteriorates when it is exposed to powerful primary X-rays. X-ray resistance
changes greatly depending on the material of a film. Polyimide is the strongest, Mylar
(polyester) is the second and polypropylene is weak.
Of course, thinner films are weaker. It has been known from experience that films are listed
as follows in the descending order of X-ray resistance:
Kapton 7.5m >> Mylar 6m > Polypropylene 6m

> Ultra-polyester 1.5m >> Prolene 4m

 General Chemical Resistance and X-Ray Resistance of Films
Chemical Poly- Polyimide Ultra-

Mylar Prolene
Classification propylene (Kapton) Polyester
Acids,
dilute or weak G E F G G
Acids,
concentrated N F F E N
Alcohols,
aliphatic E E G E E
Aldehydes U E E E U
Alkalies,
concentrated N E N E N
Esters N G G G N
Ethers F N U N F
Hydrocarbons,
aliphatic G G G G G
Hydrocarbons,
aromatic F F F F F
Hydrocarbons,
halogenated F N F N F
Ketones E G G G E
Oxidizing
agents F F N F F
X-Ray
Resistance G G E N N(F)
E: Excellent, G: Good, F: Fair, N: Not Recommended, U: Unknown
Since chemical resistance varies a little depending on the literature, be sure to

conduct a test using real solution before a measurement.

3.3 OTHER PRECAUTIONS

 Examples of Sample Protection Films Torn by Chemical Reaction
A sample protection film of polypropylene is used for the quantitative analysis of water glass
because it is alkaline solution and Na is an element to be analyzed. An accident was reported
in which hardening by X-ray irradiation occurred and a sample protection film was torn even
in a short-time measurement.
To prevent such an accident, the tube current must be reduced (in the case of a large
instrument) and a method to make an X-ray irradiation time of a sample as short as possible
must be contrived. For example, prepare several samples and measure one element with one
sample.
A high polymer film for ultraviolet-curable solution may also be torn because hardening
reaction occurs during a measurement and force is applied to the film.
 Impurities Contained in Films

Films excellent in X-ray resistance are generally mixed with additives such as Si, P, Ca and
Al to improve their performance. In semiquantitative analysis, care must be taken about
these impurities. A list of impurities contained in typical films is shown below:
 Impurities in Each Film

Mg Al Si P S K Ca Mn
Polypropylene (6m)
Cat. No. 3399G003
N V S V N N V N
Cat. No. 3399N023
N V S V S N S N
Polyester (6m)
Cat. No. 3399G001
S N L L N N C N
Cat. No. 3399G002
N L L C V S V C
Mylar (6m)
Cat. No. 3399N008
V V S L V N L N
Kapton (7.5m)
Cat. No. 3399N018
N N S L L N N N
Prolene (4m)
Cat. No. 3399N013
V N S V V N V N
N: Not contained at all, V: Very small quantity contained, S: Small quantity contained,
C: Contained, L: Large quantity contained
Data reduction has been made by referring to data obtained by measuring 10 films
placed one upon another using a hollow Ti cup. For impurity lines generated from
the optical system etc., make an investigation by measuring a blank sample.

4. SETTING FOR SQX

(SEMIQUANTITATIVE) ANALYSIS
Described below is a procedure to set a measuring condition in a qualitative application from
an application template:
4.1 APPLICATION FILE

 1. Click Qual Application on the menu bar.
 2. Select Application File .
 3. Select <Create a new application>.

 4. Click Next .

 5. Select <Use an application template>.

 6. Select the tab for liquid analysis.
 7. Select a category for liquid analysis. In this example, <Liquid>, which is an ordinary
liquid measurement condition, is selected.
 8. Click Next .
5
6
 9. Enter an application name. In this example, “demo” is entered.

 10. If necessary, enter a memorandum.
 11. Select a folder for saving at “Folder”.
 12. Click Finished .
10
11
12
The application name is used to specify an application at the time of an analysis.

Since the “description of application” is displayed with the application name, it is
recommended that the “description of application” be entered.

4.2 QUALITATIVE RANGE SELECTION

 1. The “Select Element Range” screen appears.
 2. The qualitative analysis range is from F to U.
 3. When there is an element of interest, click Fixed angle elem. or Overlapped elem.
in the “Fixed angle analysis” frame on the right and select the element.
 4. When setting is completed, click Next .
Transmittance varies depending on a sample protection film used. For example, when
a Mylar film with a thickness of 6m is used, it is probably impossible to obtain useful
data from the measurements of F and Na because transmittance for them becomes
almost zero. In this case, delete “F-KA” and “Na-KA” for the qualitative analysis. For
deletion, right-click an element to be deleted to make the button for deletion displayed,
and click it.
“Heavy(1)” is a measuring condition to eliminate characteristic X-rays from the X-ray

tube using the primary X-ray filter Zr200 and measure the K-lines of Ru to In. When
the primary X-ray filter Al40 has been selected, the “Heavy(1)” library cannot be
selected.
The fixed time measurement is a function to carry out fixed time counting for a
specified component at peak and background angles and makes it possible to obtain
X-ray intensities with smaller statistical errors of counting. It is very effective to analyze
trace components.
Fixed angle measurement and measurement of overlapped element are to be

referred to [b. Selection of Qualitative Analysis Range - CREATION OF QUALITAITVE
APPLICATION – QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS] of the instruction manual.

4.3 SAMPLE PREPARATION INFORMATION

 1. When diluent is to be used, set information on it. Select <Used> and a diluent
component and set sample weight and diluent weight.
 2. Check off the <Used> of Sample Film and select the type of the film to be used.
List of the available films is shown below.
1 2
 Available Films
Name Available Film (Thickness) Cat. No.

P.P.Film Polypropylene (6m) 3399G003, 3399G004, 3399N015
P.P.F-12u Polypropylene (12m) 3399N023
P.E.Film Polyester (Mylar) (6m) 3399G001, 3399N008
Prolene Prolene (4m) 3399N013
Kapton Polyimide/Kapton (7.5m) 3399N018, 3399N019
P.E.F-5u Polyester (5m) 3399G002
P.E.3.6u Mylar (3.6m) 3399N005
P.E.2.5u Mylar (2.5m) 3399N002
ETNOM
ETNOM S (3.0m) (3399N310, 3399N311) * Circular
3.0u
When a protection film is stuck, sensitivity for light elements decreases as the
graph in Section 3.1 shows. Therefore, be sure to set correctly the sample film to
be used. The sample film absorption correction is made according to the sample
film that is set here.
When diluent is set, analysis values are calculated with X-ray absorption by the
diluent taken into consideration.

4.4 SETTING OF ANALYSIS PARAMETERS

 1. The measuring diameter is fixed to 30mm.
 2. Select <No> for the sample spin.
 3. For ordinary measurements, the balance can be set. In that case, select <H2O> for
aqueous solution or <CH2> for oil.
 4. Click Setting... at “Correction setting”.
 5. Place a check mark for <Helium atmosphere correction> on the “Correction Setting”
screen.
 6. Click OK .
 7. Click Next .
5 6
The balance component is treated in the concentration calculation as the residual,

which is 100% minus the total of the other components.

4.5 SETTING OF MEASURING CONDITION

Next, set a scan condition for the qualitative measurement and a measuring time for the
fixed angle measurement.
 1. Select a spectral line and click Property .
 2. A screen for a scan condition appears. Change values if necessary.

Described on the next page are setting items and examples of scan condition settings.
Library
Step
Scan Method Scan Speed

 Setting Items for Scan Condition

Function Description
Library This is a sensitivity library to make semiquantitative analyses.
<Continuous Scan> or <Step Scan> can be selected in the case of
Scan Method the Supermini 200. Select <Continuous Scan> to shorten an
analysis time.
Set a step angle for the goniometer. The default values are 0.02
Step
deg. for the detector SC and 0.05 deg. for the detector PC.
Set a goniometer speed. Since the speed is 20 deg./min. in the
Scan Speed range of 10 to 90 deg. in the above figure, a scan for “Heavy” is
completed in approximately four minutes.
 Example of 2-Theta Scan Angle Setting (Measurement of Approx. 11 Minutes

Using Zr200 Filter)
Scan Speed
Spectrum Library Scan Method Step (deg.)
(deg./min.)
Heavy Standard Continuous 0.02 20.0
Heavy(1) Std_Zr200_F Continuous 0.02 15.0
Ca-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
K-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
Cl-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
S-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
P-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
Si-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
Al-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
Mg-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 8.0
Na-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 8.0
F-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 8.0
 Example of 2-Theta Scan Angle Setting (Measurement of Approx. 10 Minutes

Using Al40 Filter)
Scan Speed
Spectrum Library Scan Method Step (deg.)
(deg./min.)
Heavy Standard Continuous 0.02 20.0
Ca-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
K-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
Cl-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
S-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
P-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
Si-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
Al-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 20.0
Mg-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 8.0
Na-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 8.0
F-KA Standard Continuous 0.05 8.0
The tube voltage and current are fixed to 50kV and 4mA respectively.
The X-ray tube load (kW) is calculated as follows:
kW = kV  mA / 1000

4.6 OUTPUT INFORMATION

 1. Select items to be output after a measurement on the “Output Information” screen.
 2. Click Next .
Now the application setting has been completed.
Be sure to check a time necessary for a sequence by actually measuring a cell filled
with water using the prepared qualitative application condition.

5. EXAMPLES OF MEASUREMENTS
OF STRONG ACID SOLUTIONS
If a sample protection film is torn, acid solution will cause serious damage to an instrument.
The handling and measurement method especially of strong acid solutions are described
below. As already described, basically it is important to make a measurement in a short
time.
5.1 RESISTANCE OF SAMPLE PROTECTION FILMS

AGAINST STRONG ACIDS
Shown on the next page are examples of experiments on resistance of sample protection
films against strong acids. Solutions used were aqua regia, concentrated nitric acid and
concentrated hydrochloric acid. Films used were 6m polypropylene, 6m polyester (Mylar)
and 7.5m Kapton.
Photographs taken one hour after pouring the solutions are shown on the next page.

Polypropylene and Aqua Regia Kapton and Aqua Regia

F
Mylar and Aqua Regia
Polypropylene and Concentrated

F
Kapton and Concentrated
N
Mylar and Concentrated
Nitric Acid Nitric Acid Nitric Acid
Polypropylene and Concentrated

Hydrochloric Acid
Kapton and Concentrated
Hydrochloric Acid
F
Mylar and Concentrated
Hydrochloric Acid
Resistance Test for Sample Protection Films Against Strong Acids
The table below shows the result of the resistance test that is known visually from the
photographs.
 Result of Resistance Test for Sample Protection Films Against Strong Acids
Polypropylene Kapton Mylar (Polyester)
Aqua Regia G G F
Concentrated Nitric Acid G F N
Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid G G F
G: No change was found with the film. F: A small swell was found with the film. N: A
swell and a leak were found.
The result is almost the same as that in the table of the typical chemical resistance and X-ray
resistance of high polymer films in Section 3.2.
From the above result, it is presumed that polypropylene films are useful for strong acid
solutions. A small number of bubbles were produced in the case of aqua regia and every film,
but they were produced after some time passed, not immediately after aqua regia was poured
into a cell.

5.2 MEASURES AGAINST VOLATILE GAS

Volatile gas may be produced during a measurement and have a bad effect on the
instrument, such as the corrosion of its inside. When it is presumed that volatile gas is
produced from sample, carry out sample preparation using accessories, as described below:
Accessories to Be Used
Specification of
Cat.No. Name
Accessory
3399O252 (RS6020) Thin Film Assembling Jig for liquid Ball, Pipe
3399O251 (RS6000) Thin Film Fixing Jig Base, Ring
3399N187 (CH1540) Sample Cell Cell, Snap-on Ring
(1) Put the ball on the tube (2) Lay a thin film lightly (3) Put the snap-on ring on the thin film
laid in Step (2), and set the thin film
and cover them with the and hold it using the ring to the cell. In this step, set the ring
polyethylene sample cell of the thin film fixing jig by hand. Now the side other than the
analysis side has been prepared.
(4) After turning the cell upside down and pouring analysis (5) Now the sample preparation has
sample (solution) into the cell, stretch a film on the
analysis side using the thin film fixing jig. This work can been completed.
be done easily by setting the film after putting the ball of
the thin film assembling jig for liquid on the base in the
lower part of the thin film fixing jig.
When X-rays irradiate liquid sample, its temperature rises and pressure in a sample
cell increases. This increase in the pressure can be reduced and the sample can be
sealed in the cell by stretching a thin film loosely using these jigs on the other side of
the polyethylene sample cell than the analysis side.

5.3 CAUTIONS CONCERNING MEASUREMENT OF

STRONG ACID
Described below are cautions concerning the measurement of strong acid using the
Supermini 200:
 Measuring Time
Since sample cannot be sealed perfectly even when it is prepared according to the
procedure described in Section 5.2, a very small quantity of a volatile substance will
leak into the instrument and cause the corrosion of its inside if the sample contains a
large quantity of the volatile substance. Therefore, decrease the number of elements
to be measured using one sample, and make a measuring time as short as possible.
 After Measurement
When a measurement is completed, remove sample immediately from a sample

holder and wipe it thoroughly using ethanol or the like.

6. SUPPLEMENT TO CAUTIONS
CONCERNING SOLUTION
ANALYSIS
Described below is a supplement to the cautions concerning solution analysis, though some
parts may overlap with the contents on the previous pages.
 Checking Procedure for Chemical Resistance of Sample Protection Film

For example, pour solution to be actually analyzed into a cell for liquid, leave it for
about one hour and make sure that there is no change with the sample protection
film such as a swell or a tear.
 Analysis Time
This means a total time to measure one sample. As an analysis time becomes longer,
an accident becomes more apt to occur.
 In the case of strong acid solution or a sample that emits volatile gas:
Make an analysis according to “5. EXAMPLES OF MEASUREMENTS OF
STRONG ACID SOLUTIONS”.
Kapton and Mylar are registered trademarks of Du Pont of the United States.
Prolene, Ultra-Polyester and Etnom are trademarks of Chemplex of the United States.

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X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETER

2. ACCESSORIES TO BE USED FOR MEASUREMENTS ............................. 2

3. SAMPLE PROTECTION FILMS................................................................... 3

4. SETTING FOR SQX (SEMIQUANTITATIVE) ANALYSIS ............................. 7

5. EXAMPLES OF MEASUREMENTS OF STRONG ACID SOLUTIONS ..... 15

6. SUPPLEMENT TO CAUTIONS CONCERNING SOLUTION ANALYSIS ... 19

Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual i-1

i-2 Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual

(1) Chemical resistance of a sample protection film against a sample

Measures against each factor of breakage are as follows:

Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual 1

2. ACCESSORIES TO BE USED FOR

Cat.No. (Name) Remark

3399N182 (CH1340) ID: 32mm, OD: 40mm, With Lid

3399N187 (CH1540) ID: 32mm, OD: 40mm, Double Open Type

For details, see the catalog “SAMPLE PREPARATION INSTRUMENTS AND

2.2 SAMPLE HOLDERS

3009B013 Helium Sample Holder

3016B015 Center Ring for Sample Cell

Helium Sample Holder

After Putting Sample Cell

2 Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual

3. SAMPLE PROTECTION FILMS

 List of High Polymer Films Used for Sample Protection

Roll Type (76mm in width by 91.4m in length)

*1: 3399N019: 15.2m in length

3.1 X-RAY TRANSMITTANCE

Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual 3

 X-Ray Transmittance of Films

3.2 CHEMICAL RESISTANCE AND X-RAY

Kapton 7.5m >> Mylar 6m > Polypropylene 6m

4 Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual

 General Chemical Resistance and X-Ray Resistance of Films

Chemical Poly- Polyimide Ultra-

E: Excellent, G: Good, F: Fair, N: Not Recommended, U: Unknown

Since chemical resistance varies a little depending on the literature, be sure to

Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual 5

3.3 OTHER PRECAUTIONS

 Impurities Contained in Films

 Impurities in Each Film

6 Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual

4. SETTING FOR SQX

4.1 APPLICATION FILE

 3. Select <Create a new application>.

Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual 7

 5. Select <Use an application template>.

 9. Enter an application name. In this example, “demo” is entered.

The application name is used to specify an application at the time of an analysis.

8 Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual

4.2 QUALITATIVE RANGE SELECTION

“Heavy(1)” is a measuring condition to eliminate characteristic X-rays from the X-ray

Fixed angle measurement and measurement of overlapped element are to be

Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual 9

4.3 SAMPLE PREPARATION INFORMATION

Name Available Film (Thickness) Cat. No.

10 Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual

4.4 SETTING OF ANALYSIS PARAMETERS

The balance component is treated in the concentration calculation as the residual,

Supermini200 Main Point of Liquid Analysis Methods Manual 11

4.5 SETTING OF MEASURING CONDITION

 1. Select a spectral line and click Property .

 2. A screen for a scan condition appears. Change values if necessary.