COLEGIO de KIDAPAWAN

Quezon Boulevard, Kidapawan City

Paramedical Department
College of Nursing

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements

In
RLE ENHANCEMENT

A Case Study on

PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

Presented by:
Kenneth Mark B. Teves
Ivy Grace C. Rago
Ara D. Romero

Presented to:
Eric Jun Pagatpatan, RN

February 2020
 I. INTRODUCTION

Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death from infectious

disease worldwide. Globally, an estimated 10.0 million (range, 9.0–11.1 million)2
people fell ill with TB in 2018, a number that has been relatively stable in recent
years. The burden of disease varies enormously among countries, from fewer
than five to more than 500 new cases per 100 000 population per year, with the
global average being around 130. The World Health Organization (WHO)
estimates that 10.0 million people developed TB disease and 1.6 million died
globally, making TB the leading cause of death (above HIV/AIDS) from a single
infectious agent in 2017. One million patients who suffered from TB are < 15 
years of age, with 0.2 million death each year, corresponding to 23 children die of
TB per hour. (Global tuberculosis report 2019)
Tuberculosis (TB) is the sixth leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the ;
the country is ninth out of the 22 highest TB-burden countries in the world and
has one of the highest burdens of multidrug-resistant TB. Directly observed
treatment, short-course (DOTS)4 strategy for TB control commenced in 1997 and
nationwide coverage was achieved in 2003.5 The prevalence of TB in 2007 was
2.0 per 1000 for smear-positive TB and 4.7 per 1000 for culture-positive TB.
Compared with 1997, there was a 28% and 38% decline in prevalence for smear-
positive and culture-positive TB. (Vianzon R et al. The tuberculosis profile of the
Philippines, 2003–2011: advancing DOTS and beyond. Western Pacific
Surveillance and Response Journal, 2013, 4(2):11–16.
doi:10.5365/wpsar.2012.3.4.022)
Region 12 covers the provinces of South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat,
Sarangani, North Cotabato and the cities of General Santos, Koronadal,
Tacurong, Kidapawan and Cotabato. Health personnel in Region 12 or
Southwestern Mindanao are closely monitoring at least 800 children who have
been found positive of the contagious tuberculosis (TB) disease. Kidapawan-The
number of people suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among inmates at
North Cotabato Provincial Jail has increased in 2016. Up to 18 prisoners

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received TB from August to September 10 higher compared to last year in the
same month with 12. (DOH-12 monitors 800 TB cases among children)
II. Objectives

General:

After 3 days of exposure in Madonna General hospital, we the BSN

student will be able to understand and promote the general health of the patient
with Pediatric Tuberculosis. This study aims to provide skills, knowledge and
attitude to the students.

Specific Objectives:

Knowledge:

 To define what is Pediatric Tuberculosis;

 Discuss the anatomy and physiology;
 Trace the pathophysiology of Pediatric Tuberculosis;
 Understanding about the disease process: the causes, effects,
management, treatment and possible preventions of the condition;
 To know and identify the drugs given by the patient;
 Formulate Nursing Care Plan related to the case and determine the
possible intervention.

Skills:

 Perform efficient physical assessment to the patient;

 Gather pertinent data regarding family background and health history from
patient and significant others;
 Participate in the course of care of patient;
 Promote and provide health teachings and interventions to the family and
significant others.

Attitude:

 Establish a good interpersonal relationship to the patient and to his family;

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 III. PATIENT’S DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

Patient’s Code Name: Patient D

Age: 18
Birthday: November 9, 2001
Birthplace: Magsaysay Kidapawan city
Sex: Female
Status: single
Religion: Roman Catholic
Nationality: Filipino
Address: Magsaysay, Kidapawan City
Educational Attainment: High School Level
Occupation: Student
Date of Admission: January 19, 2020
Time of Admission: 12:20 am
Admitting Vital signs:
BP: 110/80 mmHg
HR: 106bpm
RR: 21
Temp: 36.7 Celsius
Weight: 35kg
Height: 151cm
Physician: Dr. Loreque, MD
Station/Room: NS 1, Room 209
Chief complaint: Cough, Hemoptysis, epigastric pain
Admitting Diagnosis : T/C Pulmonary Tuberculosis, R/O erosive esophagitis
Final Diagnosis: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (cavitary) Category - 1

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Source of information: Patient’s significant others, patient and chart

IV. HEALTH HISTORY

a. Family Socio-Economic Background

Patient D is 18 years old and the youngest in her 10 siblings
who live and born in Magsaysay Kidapawan City. She studied at
Kidapawan City National High School. The mother of patient D
is a housewife and primary source of income in her family is her
father, he is a Government Employee specifically a street
sweeper at Mega Market Kidapawan city, his daily income is
467 pesos a day.
The two of her siblings has a Tuberculosis, but one died due to
complicated illnesses including TB. The patient is not a picky
eater and can eat vegetables and meat, and also reported to
skip meals to eat Junk Foods like Onion rings, Cracklings and
especially those that are spicy and sour. The daily routine of
patient D is going to school and when school is over or in
holidays, she's doing daily chores including washing of her
clothes, washing utensils and sweeping, and when she finally
has nothing to do or bored, she watch TV, play mobile games
like mobile legends or browsing at social medias like Facebook.
The patient has allergies in crustacean like shrimps, she neither
smokes nor drink alcoholic beverages. She has daily
maintenance that she kept on taking for her Hyperacidity which
is omeprazole.

b. History of Past Illness

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 Patient D was hospitalized due to hyperacidity when she was a
child at Dizon Hospital and Medical center, and again she was
admitted at the same hospital and diagnosis last November and
when she was in grade 7, she was admitted at City Hospital due
to dengue fever.
c. History of Present Illnesses
2 months prior to admission, patient D experiences cough, back
pain, chills every night and coughing of blood from the day after
her birth day. The family said that the cause of it was
hyperacidity, the coughing of blood was becoming frequent, and
she said that every time she coughs its really hurt in the
abdomen. So she’s already being brought at the Madonna
Medical Center, Inc.
While in the hospital, patient D experiences again an excessive
amount of blood from coughing around 12:40 in the afternoon.

d. Gynecological History
The first menarche of patient D has started when she was 11
years old, and it’s a regular cycle of 3-4 days

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