Fluent12 Workshop06 Catalytic

Workshop 6
Modeling of
Catalytic Convertor
Introductory
FLUENT Training
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. WS6-1 Inventory #002601
WS6: Catalytic Converter
Introduction Workshop Supplement
• A workshop to demonstrate Ceramic Monolith

how to model porous media in Substrate
FLUENT
• Workshop models a catalytic
convertor. Nitrogen flows in
though inlet with an uniform
velocity 22.6 m/s, passes
through a ceramic monolith
substrate with square shaped
channels, and then exits
through the outlet.
• Substrate is impermeable in Y Inlet
and Z directions, which is
modeled by specifying loss Outlet
coefficients 3 order higher than
i X direction
in di ti

Starting Fluent in Workbench Workshop Supplement
1. Open the Workbench (Start > Programs > ANSYS 12.0 > ANSYS
Workbench)
2. Drag FLUENT into the project schematic
3. Change the name to Catalytic
4.. Double
oub e cclick
c oon Setup
5. Choose 3D and Double Precision under Options and retain the other default
settings

Import Mesh Workshop Supplement
This starts a new Fluent session and the first step is to import the mesh that
has already been created:
1. Under the File menu select Import> Mesh
2. Select the file catalytic_converter_125k.msh.gz and click OK to import the
mesh
3. After reading the mesh, check the grid using Mesh>Check option
or by using Check under Problem Setup>General

Setting up the Models Workshop Supplement
1. Select Pressure Based, Steady state solver Problem Setup>General>Solver

2. Specify Turbulence model
Problem Setup > Models > Viscous
Double click and select k-epsilon (2 eqn) under Model and Realizable
under k-epsilon model and retain the default settings for the other parameters
3 M
3. Make
k sure that
th t th
the E
Energy E
Equation
ti iis di
disabled
bl d
Problem Setup > Models> Energy
Materials Workshop Supplement
Define the materials.

Problem Setup > Materials
1.. C
Click
c on
o ai
air to ope
open C
Create/Edit
eate/ d t Materials
ate a s panel
pa e
2. Click on FLUENT Database…> Select nitrogen(n2) from the list > Copy
3. Click on Change/Create

Fluid Zone Conditions Workshop Supplement
• Under Problem Setup >Cell Zone >Double click on part-in under Zone
– Select Material Name : nitrogen
– Default values for other settings
– Click to OK
• Similarly, visit to part-out Zone and
select the same settings as above

Fluid Zone Conditions (2) Workshop Supplement
• Under Problem Setup ->Cell Zone ->Double click on part-catalyst under Zone
– Select Material Name : nitrogen
– Select and click on Porous Zone
– Under Direction-1 Vector, specify as: 1, 0, 0
– Under Direction-2 Vector, specify as: 0, 1, 0
– Specify as per GUI under Viscous Resistance and Inertia Resistance
– Default values under Power law Model and Porosity

Operating Conditions Workshop Supplement
• Under Problem Setup >Cell Zone Conditions (operating conditions are

also in BC panel)
Click on Operating Conditions
Conditions… and set the Operating Pressure
(Pascal) to 101325 pascal

Boundary Conditions Workshop Supplement
Under Problem Setup > Boundary Conditions

1. Select inlet under Zone and choose velocity-inlet from the drop down
menu under Type
2. Now double click on inlet under Zone
Input all the parameters in Momentum tab as shown below

Boundary Conditions (2) Workshop Supplement

1. Select outlet under Zone and choose pressure-outlet from the drop
down menu under Type
2. Now double click on outlet under Zone
Input all the parameters in Momentum tab as shown below

Boundary Conditions (3) Workshop Supplement

1. Wall type boundary condition for the Zone: wall-part-catalyst, wall-
part in and wall-part-out
part-in wall part out
2. Interior type of boundary condition for the rest

Solution Methods Workshop Supplement
Under Problem Setup > Solution Methods

1. Select Coupled under Pressure-Velocity Coupling
2. Select Green-Gauss Node Based under Gradient
3. Default under other options

Solution Controls Workshop Supplement
Under Problem Setup > Solution Controls

1. Use default settings

Residual Monitors Workshop Supplement
Residual Monitoring
Solution > Monitors
1. Double click on Residuals (By default it is on)
2. Enable Plot under Options.
3
3. Specify Absolute Criteria for continuity: 1e-4
1e 4

Surface Monitors Workshop Supplement
Surface Monitors
Monitor points are used to monitor quantities of interest during the
solution. They should be used to help judge convergence. In this case
you will monitor the Mass Flow Rate at outlet and Static Pressure at
inlet.
Solution > Monitors > Surface Monitors

Initialization Workshop Supplement
Before starting the calculations we must initialize the flow field in the entire domain
Solution > Monitors > Solution Initialization
1. Initializingg the flow field with near steadyy state conditions will result in faster
convergence
2. Select Compute from: inlet
3. Click on Initialize to initialize the solution

First Order Solution Workshop Supplement
• The solution process can be started in the following manner

Solution >Run Calculation
• Enter 100 for Number of Iterations and click on Calculate
During
i theh iteration
i i process, the
h residuals
id l andd monitor
i plots
l will
ill be
b
shown in different windows. You will see that both monitors become
flat at 100 iterations. However, this is a solution of first order
discretization scheme. To get an accurate solution, we will use higher
order discretization scheme for pressure and momentum equations and
run further.

Higher Order Solution Workshop Supplement
• Under Solution>Solution Methods setup the parameters as shown below
• The solution p
process can be started in the followingg manner
Solution >Run Calculation
• Enter 100 for Number of Iterations and click on Calculate

Convergence history of the solution Workshop Supplement
• Convergence history of the solution

can be found from the plots
Scaled Residuals
Convergence
Con ergence history
histor of Convergence hi
C history
t off
Mass Flow Rate on outlet Static Pressure on inlet
Write Case/Data File Workshop Supplement
You can now save the project and proceed to write a case file for the
solver:
1. To save the project, go to Project Page

File>Save as
2. To write the case/data files, go to FLUENT session
File>Export>Case and Data..
Case/Data File: catalytic_converter_second.cas.gz

Post Processing Workshop Supplement
• To Draw Contours of Static Pressure on walls

Display > Graphics and Animations
D bl Cli
Double Click
k on C
Contours,
t a new window
i d will
ill pop up
Select Pressure under Contours of and Static Pressure below that
Select all walls under Surfaces

• To get the pressure drop between inlet to outlet boundaries using the
porous media model
Reports > Surface Integrals
Select as per the GUI and click to Compute
You will get the information below
Hence, the pressure drop is around 734 pascal

• You can postprocess any results using the FLUENT postprocessing tools
and/or CFD-Post.


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Workshop 6

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Introduction Workshop Supplement

• A workshop to demonstrate Ceramic Monolith

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Starting Fluent in Workbench Workshop Supplement

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Import Mesh Workshop Supplement

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Setting up the Models Workshop Supplement

1. Select Pressure Based, Steady state solver Problem Setup>General>Solver

Materials Workshop Supplement

Define the materials.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Fluid Zone Conditions Workshop Supplement

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Fluid Zone Conditions (2) Workshop Supplement

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Operating Conditions Workshop Supplement

• Under Problem Setup >Cell Zone Conditions (operating conditions are

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Boundary Conditions Workshop Supplement

Under Problem Setup > Boundary Conditions

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Boundary Conditions (2) Workshop Supplement

Under Problem Setup > Boundary Conditions

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Boundary Conditions (3) Workshop Supplement

Under Problem Setup > Boundary Conditions

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Solution Methods Workshop Supplement

Under Problem Setup > Solution Methods

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Solution Controls Workshop Supplement

Under Problem Setup > Solution Controls

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Residual Monitors Workshop Supplement

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Surface Monitors Workshop Supplement

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Initialization Workshop Supplement

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

First Order Solution Workshop Supplement

• The solution process can be started in the following manner

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

• Under Solution>Solution Methods setup the parameters as shown below

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Convergence history of the solution Workshop Supplement

• Convergence history of the solution

Write Case/Data File Workshop Supplement

1. To save the project, go to Project Page

Case/Data File: catalytic_converter_second.cas.gz

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Post Processing Workshop Supplement

• To Draw Contours of Static Pressure on walls

Select Pressure under Contours of and Static Pressure below that

Select all walls under Surfaces

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Post Processing Workshop Supplement

Select as per the GUI and click to Compute

You will get the information below

Hence, the pressure drop is around 734 pascal

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary April 28, 2009

Post Processing Workshop Supplement