q Thompson

JL, Manore MM, Vaughan LA, et al. In Editor: Cadden M. Nutrients involved in energy metabolism. The science of nutrition. 4th ed. USA:

IODINE Person Education.

q Stinca S, Andersson M, Herter-Aeberli I, et al. Moderate-to-Severe Iodine Deficiency in the "First 1000 Days" Causes More Thyroid Hypofunction in
Infants Than in Pregnant or Lactating Women. The Journal of Nutrition. 2017; 147(4), 589-595.
q Iodine: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. National Institutes of Health. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Iodine-HealthProfessional/#en3.
Accessed June 24, 2011.

Thyroid hormones synthesis Iodized Salt Saltwater Fish Dairy

Regulates:
§ Metabolic rate 1.5 g (= 1/4 Shrimp, 3 ounces, Milk, reduced fat,
§ Macronutrient metabolism teaspoon), 71 μg 35 μg 1 cup, 56 μg
§ Body temperature
§ Reproduction, growth, and development

150 220 μg = micrograms

μg μg
Goiter Supplementation
Adults Pregnant Women Cretinism Blocks formation of thyroid hormone
The UL for iodine is 1,100 μg/day § commonly caused by § underactive thyroid;
maternal iodine deficiency § Goiter
during pregnancy;
§ characterized by mental and
physical retardation
§ Iodine is the heaviest trace element required for Hypothyroidism Graves’ disease – autoimmune
human health. § decreased body temperature, § weight loss;
§ Iodine has been voluntarily added to salt in the § cold intolerance, § increased heat production;
United States since 1924. § weight gain, § muscular tremors, nervousness;
§ Infants at their first 1000 days are the most § fatigue, etc. § racing heartbeat;
vulnerable population for iodine deficiency. § protrusion of the eyes