Professional Documents
Culture Documents
OF
By
P. VASUDEV NAIK
Assistant professor & Ph D scholar
22 September 2015 P. V. NAIK (Hort)
Botanical name : Mentha spp.
Family : Labiatae(Lamiaceae)
English name : Mint
Indian name : Pudina, Putiha (Sanskrit)
Pudina (Hindi & Kannada)
Putina (Tamil)
Podina (Telugu)
Q V Q V Q V Q V
Mint oil
1292.0 32.2 757.0 22.5 1515.4 53.9 1421.5 50.9
Menthol
1798.4 215.3 1967.7 314.8 12809.0 567.4 8956.7 498.8
DMO
934.0 89.5 1238.6 34.3 2326.3 39.0 754.1 27.9
Total
Value - 337.0 - 371.6 - 660.3 - 579.6
Spear
4. CIM – Madhuras
• A sweet smelling genotype of peppermint.
• Used in food additives, flavors and
pharmaceutical formulations.
22 September 2015 P. V. NAIK 27
SPEAR MINT (Mentha spicata)
Perennial herb
Height of 90 cm tall
Oil content 0.6 %
High carvone content
1. CIMAP-MSS-1
2. CIMAP-MSS-5
3. CIMAP-MSS-98
4. Punjab spearmint-1
5. Ganga
6. Neerkalka
5. Neerkalka
Inter-specific hybrid between Mentha
arvensis and Mentha spicata with novel oil
quality, use in oral / dental care (US Patent PP
12,030).
22 September 2015 P. V. NAIK 33
BERGAMOT MINT (Mentha citrata)
• Stolons are produced in autumn and are ready for use during the
months of January to March. To obtain the stolons , the soil is
opened manually or mechanically.
• These stolons can be used immediately or within a fortnight or so.
22 September 2015 P. V. NAIK 37
Systems of Stolon production
• Mints require thoroughly ploughed, harrowed fine soil. All the stubbles
of weeds should be removed before the crop is planted.
• The stolons are cut into small pieces (7-10 cm) and planted in shallow
furrows of about 7-10 cm deep at a distance of 45-60 cm from row to
row manually or mechanically.
• Stolons are planted half way down on inner side of the ridges
22 September 2015 P. V. NAIK 41
22 September 2015 P. V. NAIK 42
Commercial Raised bed methods of planting
• Weed growth causes about 60 per cent reduction in herb and oil yield. Hence,
mints require weeding at regular intervals in the early stages of crop growth.
Cutworms Agrotis flammatra Young plants are damaged at Soil treatment with
the collar region during spring Phorate 10g before planting.
season.
Red Pumpkin Aulocophora The pest feeds on the growing Spraying 5% dipterex
Beetle foevicollis leaves and buds.
Mint Leaf Syngamia The caterpillar folds the leaf in Two to three sprayings of
Roller abrupatalis the form of a roll and feed Thiodan @1.5ml/litre of
inside the leaf tissue during water at weekly intervals.
August-September. The edges of
the leaves are held together
22 September 2015 with silk-like filaments.
P. V. NAIK 46
Name of
Causal organism Symptoms Control
disease
Stolon Rot Macrophomina During rainy season, stolon Crop rotation. It is better to
phaseoli rot occurs on the follow 3-year-crop rotation
underground parts; the with rice, wheat and mint.
infected stolons show brown
Treatment of the stolons
lesions which enlarge and
with 0.25% solution of
turn black, resulting in a soft
Captan or 0.1% Benlate, 0.3
decay.
% Agallol solution for 2 to 3
minutes before planting is a
preventive measure.
Fusarium Wilt Fusarium oxysporum Affected leaves turn yellow, Application of Benlate,
curled and finally dry. Bavistin and Topsin. @ 2g/l
Leaf blight Alternaria sp. Cause loss of foliage during Application of copper
summer season. fungicide @ 5%
Leaf blight at
severe stage
A second harvest is obtained 80 days after the first harvest and the third
after about another 80 days.
The first crop is ready by the end of June and the second in September or
October.
water
steam
water
Different
22 September 2015 types of distillation
P. V. NAIK apparatus 56
Steam distillation
water
oil
water
Step V
22 September 2015 P. V. NAIK Step IV 67
Chemical constituents
• Various constituents of peppermint oil as per monographs of
International Pharmacopoeia are
limonene (1.0-5.0%),
cineole (3.5-14.0%),
menthone (14.0-32.0%),
menthofuran (1.0 -9.0%),
isomenthone (1.5-10.0%),
menthyl acetate (2.8-10.0%),
isopulegol (max. 0.2%),
menthol (30.0-55.0%),
pulegone (max. 4.0%) and
carvone (max. 1.0%).
• The ratio of cineole content to limonene content should be minimum
two.
• Products
– Mouthwash
– Cream or lotion