A skydiver jumps off a helicopter from a height of 1000 meters.

Please calculate his speed

(in m/s) and consider the energy balance (in Joules) just before hitting the ground in the
following situations:

Tip: you will need the following formulas (for some calculations): suvat, PE, KE, terminal
velocity AND estimates/data fluid density, cross sectional areas of objects and drag
coefficients.

1. The is no air on Earth and he’s falling in perfect vacuum:

Variable
s​ = 1000 m/s
u​ = 0 m/s
v​ = ?
a ​= 9.81 m/s​2
t =​ ?
m ​= 65 kg

Speed:

2
s =ut + at
2
v = u + at
(9.81)t 2 v = 0 + (9.81)(14.27)
1000 = (0)t + 2
v = (9.81)(203.87)
2000 = 9.81t 2
v = 140.07 m/s
2
√
2000
9.81 = t

14.27 s = t 2

v​ = 140.07​ ​m/s

Potential energy before jumping:

E​p​ = mgh
E​p​ = (65)(9.81)(1000)
E​p​ = 637,650 J
Kinetic energy just before hitting the ground:
2
m·v
Ek= 2

(65)(140.07) 2
Ek= 2
1,275,300
Ek= 2

E​k​ = 637,650 J
 Energy transformed to heat as he was falling:

- There’s no heat as all the potential energy transfers into kinetic energy. As
there is no air presented in this question, consequently, there is no friction
nor air drag presented either. As a result, the man is accelerating down
without any resistant.

2. There is air, but he forgot to open his parachute.

Variable
h​ = 1000 m/s
u​ = 0 m/s
v​ = ?
g ​= 9.81 m/s​2
m ​= 65 kg
ρ = 1.2041 kg/m​3 ​(at about 20 degree celsius)
CD​ ​ = 1.05
r​ = 15 cm
A​ = 7.1 m​2

Speed:

2mg A = πr 2
v=
√ C D Aρ

2(65)(9.81)
A = π (15) 2
v=
√ (1.05)(7.068583471)(1.2041)
A = π (225)

√
1275.3
v= 8.936845425 A = 706.86 cm 2
v = 11.95 m/s A = 7.0686 m 2

v​ = 11.95​ m
​ /s

Potential energy before jumping:

E​p​ = mgh
E​p​ = (65)(9.81)(1000)
E​p​ = 637,650 J
Kinetic energy just before hitting the ground:
2
m·v
Ek= 2

(65)(11.94576747) 2
Ek= 2
9275.588427
Ek= 2
 E​k​ = 4637.79 J
Energy transformed to heat as he was falling:

E T =E k
2
m·v
E T = 2

(65)(11.94576747) 2
E T = 2
9275.588427
E T = 2

E​T​ = 4637.79 J

3. There is air, but he managed to open his parachute.

Variable
h​ = 1000 m/s
u​ = 0 m/s
v​ = ?
g ​= 9.81 m/s​2
m ​= 65 kg
ρ = 1.2041 kg/m​3 ​(at about 20 degree celsius)
CD​ ​ = 1.42
r​ = 5.5 m
A​ = 95.03 m​2
Speed:

2mg A = πr 2
v=
√ C D Aρ

2(65)(9.81)
A = π (5.5) 2
v=
√ (1.42)(95.03)(1.2041)
A = π (30.25)

√
1275.3
v= 162.48981818 A = 95.03 m 2
v = 2.80 m/s

Potential energy before jumping:

E​p​ = mgh
E​p​ = (65)(9.81)(1000)
E​p​ = 637,650 J
Kinetic energy just before hitting the ground:
 2
m·v
Ek= 2

(65)(2.801515977) 2
Ek= 2
510.1519651
Ek= 2

E​k​ = 255.08 J
Energy transformed to heat as he was falling:

E T =E k
2
m·v
E T = 2

(65)(2.801515977) 2
E T = 2
510.1519651
E T = 2

E​T​ = 255.08 J