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    DOC-20200123-WA0034

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    7 views30 pages

    Wa0034

    Uploaded by

    Holik Sanjaya

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 30
    epg 207 Newpt, gh fees bla nh i ses Si ks. 2 eo ‘Weoley cua Pulchrg rep stn ander oar eonowys00K5 dis goalie Bobs nthe ge Setanta ann use ne nt ese son ay Cnges Catalog fain cata om otcone serge uncer tgs exe stafer nets gh sung beat tes pen ni ae toon a Westy acer ‘noe de otorat [tena your eg cas lye, Une ne ts | noir these ne te de sented ee at esd professor el prokimed academic sis expt Introduction ay fends okay wondered hy was reve the bay, tinted inthe stent praise tha you wo fi any mention ofthe Cornel ncke-taing tied, mental map diagrams, o ary ther "optimal iaraing tech rique cated inane laberatony—enonmant far removed hom the eats of plea clege Instead, this book reveste—for the st ime—the stay habs sed by reastaigh-Acalloge students lof the aie that follows as tied for a serie of interes conducted wis a ve cents scaling, or ata Yarra 20 crest They sald mde ta ook 0 cay ana righ colege stent roupoftop scoring undergraduates. These partipantsweredaum edominaily from the Phi Gets Kappa roo some ofthe coun trys mest rigorous cleges and unierstlesinduding Hara, Friceton, Yl, Dartmouth, Grows, Columbia, Duke, AMER anit Stidore—and thay vee caf chosen to epeset wide var cy of academic concetatlons. each ines, aed the to der ta deta his or her saab The question ranged fam the general How do you defeat the uge to potastinate”) to he spe tle (what techniques or systems deyeu ust ate ar rglze Sources for 3 rescatch paper?) the quesonsae revealed the student to bea grind-—someone who eams high godess by ( eS studying an excessive amount—I dacated the responses. as Interested only tn students who improved thle grades throat snarter, mote efficent sty ss—ot though longer hous and rote pail study ston. owe dil know such students este? tam neo hem. When ved as freshman at armeuth College, had no hes oto repie forexamsor wie college eel papers Uke mest student Toft high choo bebevng that to stuy meant to reread your css notes and asignment 9 many times s possible and thst Paper watingreguited yout st down font of your computer and strt ‘yolng uniyou fhe The preblem, however, thatcollege rot igh schoo The mate tobe mastered is mud mare completed and the professors have higher expectations nthe college enon ment simple bute forest methods canend uprequring alto ‘me and ousng a at of pain, Nevertneless, ost stents tl ely ‘on them, nd his is why they find themes regularly pling slbnighters and deloping an antagonist tude toward the nurses. The taxing etfs and spt sora ofthese methods ao ‘dete he como bel that ony genus aed gids ean sare parade, When! fst entered coege shared nthese balls. Bu eon ‘became dubious, dt te lng forme odie that thee had tobe better way flea the material The ects of my studing sing spe techies are wey pit al igh acing, away ataneseny aden up coring Bor gve at thoughts fartcast-minute review fora quzandscre an constantly fe ‘etwas behind nm reading, and there lay seemed tobe new deans onthe Horan tat had to sramble to met nas tly 4 evote existance, But when | faked around, ail of my ends seermed to be having the same experene—and none of them serra ling fo questn Ts ne lg wth me wast content working painful stretches and then eam ont slghtly above average rade foyer want be exceptional And wanted t achieve thiwithout having t scifi sleep or mys lie To many students such ago may sound hopelessly hubs. But man optimist by nature, and, obeaning the sony tate my arent styl, corlnced hat could do bette. It took me mest of my fesman year to construc through c= peated experimentation, 2 teolox of sufi improved study hat: But once had preted ter th ests were prefered Of ‘hethity sincoures tna between my Sophemarandsanlr yeas of colege.| cored exact one Aan 26 perfect As The mos sti ing pice ofthis transformation however was hor much es tine ‘had to spend an studying Ae my rateges became mare refine, the hous euted were reduced Bj my senior earit gett the pont whet, during fas pesos would sometines preter tobe hed Ing oft the Hany st 201 wou demeraize my roommates who were preparing frye rather gin aight ‘iat was ny sere fem The imple truth that thebrte once techniques wed by mort tudes ae Icey neice. When comes to exam preparation pasive eve i ota ee ‘hve way to len completed concats. fs aso mentally dang, hich arte dinner the at at whch you ean abso and inter rave Information For paper wang tis same problem hol When youapproach the tak without prope Prepartn,tbecomes ‘ncredbly tng and yu cn end up splaing your whee Ara Intdcton wil, vente fran cher snes esos andi ites. n con the techies came up wth nce ostream ht cullen nor tetany cats and acta spends time tying ying tp tits Jd waste feasted erm pep and paper wing Ken 2 ended cotati Foro wie, conned hat wa ie orang ie tte sucha sar prc ering But lth Hon was seonshtered ec ngthe nterofny sane hen tas atoning a cerry certs my Indico, sor with ‘hry te esate rh eta Kapp, Ths ron reeset toro este thy ters withthe aes GPAs oy chs oe thousand econ ad edt heen pe pared ospnd the singh one tus eds ats wens in fr ssp {on waking hugh the dcr hit ight. as meaty sucky tou mayof thet steely Tee nee pes who, gen thee of wsily on amp, ree Hus hvelmogia arescotngsrght They wee magne tor, fos ancy enone fete fom its and caps bs ard hou i ec Ty we fr the osama welrcund nding nettle je otsope dove ightsume wos a tla saan aise The son ott gt 5 oS Pe hugs wasnt fa aseniqear odo gine Mh tee ee thes ou the who ad et ay et oa den ces ‘heen nme sco tno ached oem ex i otha seeing noms ets one owe et ait my few Ahi Bet Kappa a survey about her study ais ost er hapoytosharethermethadsand quid confirmed that ny suspiions were tue Nat only were many of them using anor tive homegyovin sly trates, butranyofthesestrateples were surprising sini tothose tat had developed ding the previous ewes. ‘tthe time had jot finned eting the manuscript fry Fist book, How fo Win at Calge, 20 wast eval eager to get started right away wth another massive wring ples But after seeing ‘hese sve esponses new had stumbled onto something tig, Whie most zollege students 08 arcuousy rough the study nd parerviting processes, there exits an elte group of under ads who have dicnered unearwertlonal strates for eating rch higher rae omc les ie, wanted to share these se cretith other tet, and ths he ide for ths Book was bom Son was sending out more questionnaites tomar ralgheASt- lens at colleges around the county, uni gathered enough = sponses, fon students with enough diferent backgrounds ad _msjrst itil the adie presented in ths gue. Inthe pages that fll, you wil cover the deal ofthese of ‘en surpsing study srtepes. ve lnchuded examplesand case stud Jes thoughout the bok ta demonstrate how to apy the aévie ‘many ferent eae academe stuatons, Yu wills hts + Manage yout and dea with the urgeto procrastinate + Take targetednctesin css. «+ Handle reading egnments and problem ses with ese + Prepare fen for exams sepeponi + Waster the artofexaraking, + te ncive cial analyses, + canduct orough esa + Wr standout term papers. Remember, this advice comes from real students and was honed, ‘hough ial and err ra og cssroms This dations Inorant Ws what separates this back fom the many existing stay guides that tient it onthe bookstore she smentiond, most study uldes arewrten ether by profesor or cademic sls expe many years separated fom ther own calle experienc, Theres thatthe authors these guides ae disconect fem the elites of undergraduate Forexanipi, How to Study, by college professors Allan Mundsach, James Osese, and ln K Does, suggests that students wakeup at 740 each marin, #0 sleep by 1 9 etch night and on ay ays schedule ont lagle hour ef "reaeatlon with the estof the ‘ime dete to attending clas eating oF werkng. One gets the fecing that these profess havent spent much ime selling ith stents ately Even the plan fr Fath iggest party ight ofthe weekhas the student wong unl 0 taking 2 one-hour real then turing ny eleven, Stent Sucss Secrets, ten by Erevan 3 lain expert and profesional publ peatr offers equal uta tcuc sugges: ‘ons Hitipstohap you remember concepsleamed oma reading aslgnmentincude“putitina pture or poter—use intense cols” “actout the mata do.afun oe play inyout oun room” err 1 crete a zone: mate 9p" itt to imagine a sophisti init accretion obtee teat as major atemptingto make aap abouther recent eng assignment concerning postsactralst interpretations of pre- icoron Ens erature! (key questions What word rhymes with Foe") “he grandéaddy of al unease study gules, however, st wight be What smart Students Eom by Princeton Review cofounder Adam binant best ling guide, Robinson suggets—and ‘wear am no lng this up—that students approach a reading assignment as a tehestep proces Thats gh, twee separate step Before you even crack the actual airman Robison sug igs thatyouot down qustlons abot the mportanceaf thereat Ing and then tae notes on what you Arow about the tpi what reminds yu of, and what you want to earn He then ais you, among other things torendthessignment aoa tvee separate ‘ines write ae! then ee your notes. represent the nfoatlon In picture for, construct “question charts” and devise nemonics tonlpyou memarze te concep Neelessto sa, this approach to 4 simple eadingacgnment is humoroush unreal Leven did a Ite math, Fra type college evel bra ats course, a student nt be assigned an average of two hundod poges of rating @ week nis book, Rabinan provides a one-page sample reading and esrb erty vee ferent questions tat students might ask about A this ate of twenty thre questions per page, spending ‘tity seconds an each que, would end up spending around forty hours 2 wes ie, Fulltime obs worth of time) simply com- ‘etng one of the twelve stepson the eading assignment fer ust ‘one cass Sounds ea gest plant These exarplas highlight the simgltrththat he adveln most catting study uidesniten by experts” nt students fan mp | i 3 duton Impracteal and tie consuming, How to Socme a Svaighta stu ‘ort ontheotherhan the fst gid based on theexperencesot tealcllage students, and twas wren to provide an alematve to ‘thecther tes on the market. nthe pages that flow, you vl ind omegrown sates that ae cmpaibe withthe demande of you daytoy ster fe. They may net eas eborte as thei trate sstms evs by the "expr but theyre ea to ple. entra they get the jib done tes fall when you stat puting ‘hose sates nto practi, you willerpeence meta ress Keep n mind: you find a pee af advice that does qu ft your ies creumstanees, tha’ okay. nak you should expect the Fach ofthe students) intend for ths book had Meo her cm unique take onthe best way to study Fellow ther ead and nen stuck. experiment Replace techniques you dart Met ones ‘at seem Better, iPthese new techniques work keep them; i they {a elie them vith eemething ee. The key to mproving your res without being a grind canna be found n ay soe study abst is stead, rooted nthe big pte decison to eect ote reve once nd fol and gin eles sear for state es that work eter Frou Above al remernber that college 3 mulifeed expec oF ich grades aes one of many important pees I's my hope ‘hat this ook wl help you pines equ thi one pee so you can have more time and energy to explore al ofthe cteys—the ‘ends, the unburdened eas, the heoke beer consumption — ‘that ake these urges eh “catigorge heme Serius ‘ork had when you ork and ow have panty of tne to playhard” ye, trough catage stent t { | [FF sxxmtonave enough timeto finch atoFtee wert yet EF aout how many ous thy pnd gis evening he ry wesends sic fo pape wingbt maer non hard thar alae sete soning tie As nate a stag student fomBtown explain sen frs lege des to bane "sick na ttf pemanet thn” Ulery these tudes fe eth have reich to ut ey ble tans te fg eo a Sem Slevin ere oesinpy ot enh sn ted stay ontop fancier terest by geting eth ise stb Te a eho but atest eich fem here ct the amount of aa uel spent now this rem fethand experience. While esta ing this bok, spent time wth some ofthe county’ most accom ished students and can assure you tat ro mater how get youthinkyouare theresa Rhodes scholar out therewho sinter times the amour of work and acts you do and prota ti rianages to party harder than ou woul ve dare, dont mean to phat everone shoul im to become a druen Redes soar {escugh woul etn be fan to tater, my pois that a surpising amount of wort, relation, and socaing can be ex. ‘wacted fama single wee-heur day. Alackof tine, therefore, Sat rou) to explain why so many shdents fel nerfed Sowhat oes ean tls phenomenen? The answer, 35 tums eu, has Ire more todo with Row we work than what we're yng toa comps ‘As hurmang our minds have eiobed to prefer shoe em tasks such as“tunaay fom that lot or"ebt fod Therefore. when you walkin the Koray ana Sinsy morning with ha gal of fishing lof yourhomework and ving paper your banishappy The “deo of pening ght consecsehout trapped ina ty car dlpeting Pas kes hardto focus forthat ang so pretty soon gue ‘il et in yourconzntation vill wander, and every distraction wi ‘sudenly seem impodsiy appealing, Before you know the day wi be over an you realize that you have accomplished much pro- vetve work a all The next dy, ne asslgnments val pl onto ‘those you did’ rsh on Suny, andthe tedious process tarts all over gain Jason, right A shident fom the Unies of Penna, ses the ter “pseudo iwokg” to dsb this common approach te studying The pseudo oks and feels the sartone who le working hrt—te or she Spends a ln ne te tay nd is rot afd te push on lat Into the ight—but, because of ack ‘of focus and concentration, dees actualy aecomyssh mth Ths ‘bad habs endemic on mest college campus. For example 3t Dartmouth there was a Seton ofthe main iar at was open ‘sen four hows 2 day, al he stents used to ae in here late at night huddle in groups, ulin coffe ant piping about their tarps, were definitely peeudo-vorking, The roommate whe ips though her chem notes onthe couch white wate ng TV omudosnortng The guy who brings tree meal, Blan et and sbepack of fd Bll othe study founge In preparation er a alk ay paper araton is ako pieudo-wocng By acing temsehes i distracting environments and insiting on working ia long Neus stretches, these students ate erpeting ‘heir brain's abiy to thnk ey and ect accomplish the ‘sk a hand The result is itigue headaches and luster ut ‘hebgge problem het that ost students dont even ele ‘tat thee pseudosneking. To ther pseudosvork works ‘ow they've aays doe ai thaw al ofthe ends do everrosts thelr sind tat hee might bea beter way, Stralght- {A tudes, on the other hand, know all about pseudo-work They ‘ear nde good reason ne only wastes ime, butts also men- ‘aly alan, There fost 9 way tobe well-sanced, apy. and cade scaly regula bring thrcugh you fee oursin lng, painful stretches cf ieticent studying, The students intentewed fr this book ermpbasied again and agoln the impor tance of aoiing th tap In fod, when asked what one el Was mostimpetantin becominga ren ind straightAstudent mostof ‘heme bly to get wordone qu and wit minima of wate or Sohaw do these stent achieve tls goa A big part the so- luton timing ey gaa eficency by compressing wor ito fo: use burs To understand the poneraf this approach consider the fol eng frmuta ‘wotk accomplished «time spent intel of fcue dono fies ey ow nest fous Terie t2- complsh srt by pew ye ned open tof ‘i te tah sproac.on he herb, movies nen siy noderto minnie tine Foren nk itetyon sof tooth eng the most nese sue takes ten houston ying testy esting wit alow testy sea oF Accrington th some amount oF ‘otha be Sermon burs ach th a eerste wk hat ot oa ay uray complete oul tend ish by ting an hour after brs an tourer neh andanhourater darth esto ted aa fet youto red ‘Win th ome mite you con begin to understand wy any slg tet cy ty ethan cir castes. “Thy epg nat sete fark wth sol num Derof shor highly seen. Ofcourse isisnet he we sony Sein th sees wha sigh tes cy dn thes sort bush crate js a erat ini Pawo (ea Eas) and Pat Tes js anda re ofthis tik edt tte ena deal ule ing howto fol netic seed aa bnching pedo ne ‘tom yur olegs exer fri, ral fis se tonod sursiadeic oa “oscamplahthttrnstomston hone yo nd tga contre rfesye—and ht fen oral rea jou wil nett spent ot the irene wok esos that | _yu ave ime in between to recharge This reques base time management his Youve aka goingtohaveto overcome your Urge ‘to procrastinate because sehedling your Wor smearing you ont actualy workin the te you st ase TE eques se motte, aly to obtain the highest poss evel of tens, you needa choose the right xaos, times of day, and durations to study you ate’ careful bout how jou sect these thee facts, you can unintentionally sabotage your ay to fous. This rues smart planing sate Part Oe wl teach ou hot sat these requirements be ns with the presentation o a sgl tne management syst, some forthe busy lege fs Doit be fightene the = ‘tems incredibly ghtweight—R's designed to requ oly fer tutes day of planing and can surve psd of neglect Fatt One then continues with 2 codon of atl tsted strategies to help you ight procactnation. Ths ace comes straight from the expe rence fea students nd fas been proven to woth amd the ches and distractions ofthe types unereraduat fete ssp, easy api. aed suprisingly elective Ths part cones wit a <@scsson of whe during the dy, wher on cams, and or how tong to study t0 maximize your produ. The stucets inter ‘eed for ths book experimented ately to ad the ight an vers to these ey gastos, and, in ths fal step, pas these anowersonto youn “Togetht these base ails re the foundation upon which al the sehen this book bull Without har, yl be unable oe mai the pec study techniques dese nthe pasta foo. ‘Master them hewever, ae you wl experience improvements in al nna eos sspectsof your ie-—act ust grades. Yul have more fre time, youl gethesleepyou crave, yeu partyharar, and you beableto devote more energy to your extracurun nterest Sorel You sre aboutto take your Rist step tvard 3 much more enayabe and reduce dee experienc, | | Step | Manage Your Time in Five Minutes a Day ‘ea stralght-A students, ie most easonable students, Hate time management. Afr al alge supposed to be about Intact casty, making new fends, and Becoming obsessed wth need ‘esl complicated drinking games An overaetning ierestin time managements beste to hari business excites (reaps, permed) At the same time, weer, you can't abandon all at ‘tempo kee tabs on your schedule, As mertoned ne tad ‘tonto Part One, all fthe echmigues described in this bork equve some abityt contr! your schedule. gone this kl any doom ourself to for eng years of paying etch-up wth your wrk As Dora straight. student rom Harare, sttes:"Time management {setical-t’s 2 sk that you sbsolutay rust develop oer the couse of your time at college” ‘Most students, however, misunderstand the purpose of tne 'managerent—the bevels used ony to cam as much woth at Pose int the day, But this et the main metaton behind ‘entroling your schedule. As it tums out @ tte planing goes 2 long way tonard reducing your daly sts evs Having dead oes and obligations floating around in your mind sexhaustng it ‘ake It imposible to completly relax, and, over te, cap lead you down the path toward a breakdown, However once you gure coutwhat work needs tobe dane and whee he 3 weight being "ted from your shoulders. The uncertainty vanishes: When you work, you can fully concentrate on the aeignment ln font of you, and sven you relax, you can do sa without any anit." ortbeleven ging up anything” says enna a stight.A student ‘om Pinstr,“ot mysoca if, nt my extracurclr aces, rot my seetnic sucess” asic cont ever your chee beds balance. This is why tne management, 8 Outs stated eater, is ‘the Key to getting the most ext of al agpets of your college ex petience ‘The gol of Step isto presenta time-management system ‘tat helps you achieve this stress balance without requling you to saciice the spontanety and cxctementf college. Specie. cally, We presenta system ator tothe typical undergraduate este tat meets the folowing eter: 1 Rules wo ore than ft ten minutes of effort na single ‘weniyfourheu ped 2 Does foram unchangeable minute minute scale enyourday. 4 Helpsyouemembe, an a comples important tats be fore the very last moment. 4 Can be quidlyresate after prods neglect We wi cover the deta ofthis stem in a ew simple steps and ‘hen conde wi adetaled case study soyoucanseehow towrks Insvealstic sting ‘What You Need. ‘Thiesystm oquiestwo ples of equipment 1 calendar dosnt mato what ye of calendar, and ot something fatyeu have to cary around wit you Rea be micozoR Outlook ora on your compute. a cheap ay Planner or one of thor avertsornent aden febles they sand outatonentatien just has tebe something that you canreference vey roan that hs enough space to record atfast a doc Nese each dy. 2. Ali Some pec of ting steal that you can update ‘toughest the ay Ths you do have to cary arcu with {sou.so make t something simple, lea sheet of paper pt coutaf ntehosk each morning. ‘The Basicidea ‘Reco all of your todos and deadlines on your calendar. This be comes your raster shel, the one place that tres eveything eg soy nea 04 ee i youneed todo The key to our stam, Roneve, that you need to dea with your cent only once every. wentfour hous. ach mowing youloktietofigute ut whatyou shout tofishthat ay. Then. thoughout te day wherever youencounteranewte-do corceadng simply ct downconyeurlstThenext mecring youcan| transfer this new tu fom yur stant your calendar where ts fend wet back nbare Westar, That’ Petty spl, ght The whale sytem canbe summa aed tne sy tps (Jo own new tasks and asiguments 09 your ist dg the dy (next morring transfer these new ems “Fam your ston your calendar and then take a couple fine vest plan your dy Now wl sami theses ina move dean particu. tus we nea some crateiesforhow to pln your ay each meting using yur calendsr and what to do when unexpected events ner ‘eve nd tun that plan upside dwn rasta, hewallhappen mone en tan nl. UUpéate Your Calendar Ech Morning “Thine where the mag happen. ery maming 50543 Femi ‘esto update your alendar and awe out what you shoul fo secomplih. THs the aly eos tne nanagement thinking you ave to do forthe hole dy, the demand is prety reasonable ‘Ths updating process shoud proceed a follows: ‘nd your it rm the day before wl potably ack somethig le the example descbd in Figure .Dont womytoo much about how tilt frmatted wel deus tat shor. Forno fous sais il eS esd + gota 630s Renney onthe "thingstoemember column, whih contains the new o-dos nd eadines that er jtted down troughout the ay “Transfer these new ems onto your calendar Wie the deatines ‘onthe appropriate dates, and ute thetdoson the days hen you plantocomplet them Following the examele of our simple you ‘would fst ot down the econ study group tne under Thursday's date andthe Ferch que under Friday's ate You would then chose [aay to do taundey and jot dowm a reminder under that date, and those a day to tart Inenship reser and Jo or 3 reine under this date You can move thes ems around on your elena ss many ines 35 you wat, so don’t wor) tae mic about which date you intial chooe for a neve to-de, Howeves, ty to we Some ‘onmon see. For example, f Wednesday afemoon ard eveing se pact with meetings and work ths might note the best day toed doing your lund. imi, fyou have bigest Mow ay morning, don’ scale 3 tof annoying erands fr Sunday Fegesneuassavousneeteen | 8 i a ED « Study Boe _ouneed your concentration fer stung something ana espe tly toe sett, sch the interesiprefearch example Fem ove, nt be afald to pu ton a day fain the futur at 2 pont ‘when yo brow you wl ees busy—such a ght after miterms rat theeginning oa new sexe "Next. move the o-dos tat you panned for yesterdy, bot dt complete, to new dyson your lend n out sample it fom Fg e's, the Toes Shed column descbes to-do pla fom ‘the day befor. A you ca en ths example al the to-do were Completed except estar French ess tasks younoud neste rmovethitackto 3 new date, _tthis pont your calendar once again olds everthing Pat ou needing done Now fs timeto gue et yar plan eth current oy. Go ahead and trash yesterday’ Ist serve is purpose and gab 3 fesh sheet of paper to ue 8 toy st De ito ‘wo ohms. 25 shan a Fgura label hem Today Scale and Things a Remember espetely Next loka the clear ent or the catent day. Ril prob biycontainahanfulof appointments antes Your goa eto reout How mich of this work ou can reais accomplish You right tested simply copy lf these asks nto your Tsay ‘Schedule column apd then West a5 a simple oot fa the owt do tis Hf you want to avoid getting overaheed by yout ork, you ned tobe smarter abut your tine ates what you should do instead yt label each of your to: oso the day ih space ime ped ding which you ae go- ‘ng to complete I Be hort Oot recrd that you ae golng to stuly for three hous starting atte you tro that yeu ave a meeting at fe Aad be reasonable about how ong things rely ‘ate—

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