British Period

The history of the British Raj refers to the period of

British rule on the Indian subcontinent between
1858 and 1947 .the system of governance was
instituted in 1858 when the rule of east India
company was transferred to the crown in the
person of queen Victoria .it lasted until 1947, when
the British provinces of India were partitioned into
two sovereign dominion states: the dominion of
India and the dominion of Pakistan. The two new
dominions later became the Republic of India and
the Islamic Republic of Pakistan(the eastern half of
which ,still later, became the People′s Republic of B
Bangladesh).the province of Burma in the Eastern
region of the India Empire has been made a
separate colony in 1937 and became independent
in 1948.
 British East India Company
 The East India Company that was formed
initially for for pursuining trade with the East
Idies, but that ended up trading mainly with the
Inidian subcontinent and China.
 The east india company traded mainly in cotton,
silk, indigo dye.
 The company long held a privileged position in
relation to the English.
 The company remained a powerful force for
over 200 years over India.
 Initially the Company struggled in the spice
trade due to the competition from the already
well established Duch.

East India Company Act 1784
The India Act of 1784 had two key aspects:
1. Relationship to the British government
2. Internal administration of British India
3. Carried further the ongoing process of
administrative centralization
4. Initiated a machinery for the codification of
laws
5. Vested the Island of St Helena in the Crown

The conflict between the Nawab and the East

India conpany
1. The illegal use of Dastaks
2.The British interfered with Nawab′s court and
supported one of Siraj ud Daulahs aunt Ghaseti
Begum
3.Fort William become safe shelter for the
British.
4.The policy of the British officials was to help
the Marwary merchants

The war of independence in 1857

o By 1845, the British Empire had expanded
from Bengal to Sindh,and all that remained
free was Punjub.
o The War of Independence broke out in
January and march 1857.
o In 1857, starting with an uprising in
Meerut, soldiers in the British Army in
Bengal launched a full-scale mutiny against
the British.
o Initially ,the Indian soldiers were able to
push back the British forces.
o The British quickly regained control of Delhi.

Partition of Bengal in 1905

 The provinces of Bengal and Assam
were reconstituted so as to form the
two :Eastern Bengal and Western
Bengal
 Curzon the viceroy of India, sent the
proposal to London in 1905
 The new province was issued in
September
  The Muslims of India welcomed the
partition of Bengal.
 The Hindu community strongly oppsed
it

Causes of partition of Bengal in 1905

The partition of Bengal said Lord Curzon ,
was a “mere readjustment of
administrative boundaries.
There were some evil motives for this
action .

Establishment of all India Muslim League

On December30 1906, the annual

meeting of Muhammadan Educational
Conference was held at Dhaka under
the chairmanship of Nawab Viqar-Ul –
Mulk.
The first time the conference lifted its
its ban on political discussion , when
 Nawab Salim Ullah presented a
proposal for establish a political party
Three had kept Muslims away from the
congress.
Maulana Muhammad Ali Jouhar wrote
the constitution of Muslim League,
known as the ,”Green Book”.
Sayeed Ameer Ali established a branch
of the league in London in 1908,
supporting the same objectives.

Swadeshi Movement
The concept of Swadeshi as
explained by Ghandi
The popular upsurge of 1905 was
unprecendented.
The writings and speeches of Bal
Gangadhar Tilak and his associate
had done much to prepare the way.
Tilak transformed the traditional
Gnapati Utsay into a public
celebration
The Swadeshi was a successful
economic strategy to remove the
British Empire.
The Swadeshi Jagaran Manch is an
organization committed to the
promotion of Swadeshi industries
and culture.
However , both the Congress and
the Muslim League rejected these
proposals. Jinnah opposed the plan
came to nothing.