Fleet Management: A GPS-GIS

Integrated Approach
Map India 2003, GPS Technical Session
Presentation

By:-
S.S.S. Prakash and Prof. M.N. Kulkarni
Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay
 Outline
 Introduction
 GPS augmentations and GIS integration
 Fleet management – associated problems
 Logistics and supply chains
 Disaster recovery (Case Study)
 Pilot experiment and results
 Conclusions and future work

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 Introduction
 Global Positioning Systems
 Navigation System of the U.S. DoD operated
by the 50th space wing, Schriever Air Force
Base, Colorado Springs
 Space Segment: 24 satellites in 6 orbital planes
at 20,200 km altitude
 Control Segment: 6 monitoring stations for
precise ephemeris and clock corrections
 User Segment: antenna, receiver, processing
software
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 Introduction (contd.)
 Geographic Information Systems

 Computer-based methodology for managing

and analyzing geographical data

 Correlation between various layers of data

 Various perspectives of presentation for

effective interpretation and analysis of data

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 Introduction (contd.)
 GPS-GIS integration in fleet management

 Real-time Automatic Vehicle Location

 Position display on map
 Driver and control-room interaction
 In-vehicle routing and guidance
 Monitoring driver and traffic characteristics
 Security systems

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 GPS Augmentations and
GIS Integration
 Differential GPS
 Block shift technique
 Range correction technique
 Beacons and antennae
 GLONASS and Galileo Integration
 Pseudolites, INS, HAPS
 Precise GIS-based maps – to ‘snap’ back
the obtained positions to the correct route
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 Fleet management
(associated problems)
 Public transport and utility fleets
 Buses, trams, fire-brigade, police vehicles,
ambulances
 Tracking in case of accidents, thefts or
hijackings
 Fleet performance, detection of irregularities
 Commercial fleets
 Supply of raw materials and finished goods
 Operations control in manufacturing

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Logistics and Supply Chains

 Dynamic routing and trip

allocation
 Prompt supply of raw
material and finished
products (JIT method)
 Least storage time at
warehouses
 Randomness of transit
times, equipment failures
and driver availability

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Disaster Recovery (Case Study)
 Ground Zero disaster due to the 9/11 attack
 Removal of 1.8 million tonnes of debris
 Enormous costs and management problems
 Continuing search for human remains and
debris testing for evidence
 Total loss of the fiber-optic network
 Multiple disposal sites

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 Case Study - Solution
 Response center in the American Express building
connected to website server at Minneapolis by a
fiber-optic network.
 GPS receivers on trucks capable of triggering
alarms on signal loss, tampering, deviation from
given route, unauthorized dumping.
 GIS maps displaying equipment status and tunnel
locations for lowering tracking levels

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 Case Study - Results
 First time use of GPS-based technology for
disaster recovery by Criticom International
Corporation of Minneapolis, Minnesota
 Task accomplished in 8 months
 Cost $750 million Vs predicted $7 billion
 Online access of audit data after closure

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 Pilot Experiment
 GPS readings for key landmarks and major roads
to check for signal availability in the IIT campus
 Trimble GeoExplorer3 mapping-type hand-held
receivers used to log data
 GPS data processed by Pathfinder Office software
version 2.8
 GPS data exported to GIS ArcView software
version 3.1 to plot colour-gradation of PDOP and
Horizontal Precision values along the route

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 Pilot Experiment Results

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Pilot Experiment Results (contd.)

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Pilot Experiment Results (contd.)

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 Conclusions and Future
Work
 Precision of positioning obtained in the
pilot test good enough for transportation
purposes
 Canopy problem can be solved using
precise GIS-based maps
 Real-time integration being pursued using
rover receiver, modem and transmitter for
transmission to base station

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 Acknowledgements
 The study is presently being carried out by the
first author (S.S.S.Prakash) as a part of his B.Tech
project at the Department of Civil Engineering,
IIT Bombay under the guidance of the second
author (Prof. M.N. Kulkarni).
 The support received from the Department of
Science and Technology, Govt. of India, under a
sponsored project is gratefully acknowledged.

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